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2 - Dynamics of Interacting Process1

This document describes two experiments on interacting first order systems: 1. A step response experiment where the flow rate was increased by 10 L/hr and tank level measurements were recorded over time. Calculations were done to predict tank levels and compare to observed values. 2. An impulse response experiment where 0.5 liters of water was added to one tank and level measurements of the interacting tank were recorded over time. Calculations were performed to predict tank levels based on an impulse input equation.

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Anant Jain
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75 views

2 - Dynamics of Interacting Process1

This document describes two experiments on interacting first order systems: 1. A step response experiment where the flow rate was increased by 10 L/hr and tank level measurements were recorded over time. Calculations were done to predict tank levels and compare to observed values. 2. An impulse response experiment where 0.5 liters of water was added to one tank and level measurements of the interacting tank were recorded over time. Calculations were performed to predict tank levels based on an impulse input equation.

Uploaded by

Anant Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No-2

Dynamics of Interacting Process

2A. Step Response of Two First Order Systems Arranged In Interacting Mode

AIM:

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 1


To study the step response of two first order systems arranged in Interacting mode.

PROCEDURE:

 Start up the set up.


 A flexible pipe is provided at the rotameter outlet. Insert the pipe in to the cover of the
Tank 3. Keep the outlet valve (R2) of Tank 2 slightly closed. Ensure that the valve (R 3)
between Tank 2 and Tank 3 is also slightly closed.
 Switch on the pump and adjust the flow to @90 LPH. Allow the level of both Tank2 and
Tank 3, to reach the steady state and record the initial flow and steady state levels of both
tanks.
 Apply the step change with increasing the rotameter flow by @ 10 LPH.
 Record the level of the Tank 2 at the interval of 30 sec, until the level reaches at steady
state.
 Record final steady state flow and level of Tank 3
 Carry out the calculations as mentioned in calculation part and compare the predicted and
observed values of the tank level.
 Repeat the experiment by throttling outlet valve (R1) to change resistance.

OBSERVATIONS:

Diameter of tanks: ID 92mm

Initial flow rate (LPH):

Initial steady state level of Tank 1(mm):

Initial steady state level of Tank 2(mm):

Final flow rate (LPH):

Final steady state level ofTank 1 (mm):

Final steady state level ofTank 2 (mm):

Take readings till the steady state reached in level of tank 2, fill up columns H(t) observed
and H(t) predicted after calculations.

CALCULATIONS:

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 2


H (t) Observed = (Level at time t - level at time 0 ) x 10-3 m

1 αt 1 βt
e − e
α β
H2(t) Predicted = A R2 {1− }
1 1
−
α β

Where

A = magnitude of step change

= Flow after step input - Initial flow rate in m3/sec

Use the Harriot’s method and find τ1 ,τ2.

Where τ1 is time constant of tank1, A1 is area of tank1 and R1 is resistance of outlet valve of
tank1. τ2 is time constant of tank2, A 2 is area of tank2 and R 2 is resistance of outlet valve of
tank2 . Considering non-linear resistance at outlet valve of both tanks, it can calculated as

R1 = dH1 /dQ and R2 = dH2 /dQ

Where dH is change in tank height for change in flow dQ. Calculate values of b, α and β from
equations given in theory part.Put the values in the above equation to find out H (t) Predicted
and plot the graph of H (t) Predicted and H (t) Observed Vs time.

Model Graph:

CONCLUSIONS:

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 3


1. The step responses of two first order systems arranged in interacting mode is studied
and a graph is plotted between Time versus H2 (both observed and calculated).
2. It is noted that the theoretical value of height matches with the experimental values
and the response is found to be over damped.

2B. Impulse Response of Two First Order Systems Arranged In Interacting


Mode
AIM:

To study the impulse response of two first order systems arranged in Interacting mode.

PROCEDURE:

 Start up the set up.


 A flexible pipe is provided at the rotameter outlet. Insert the pipe in to the cover of
Tank 3. Keep the outlet valve (R2) of Tank 2 slightly closed. Ensure that the valve
(R3) between both Tank 2 and Tank 3 is slightly closedSwitch on the pump,adjust the
flow to @90 LPH. Allow the level of both the tanks to reach at steady state and record
the initial flow and steady state levels.
 Apply impulse input by adding 0.5 lit of water in Tank 3.
 Record the level of the Tank 2 at the interval of 30 sec, until the level reaches to
steady state.
 Record final steady state level of Tank3.
 Carry out the calculations as mentioned in calculation part and compare the predicted
and observed values of the tank level.
 Repeat the experiment by throttling outlet valve (R1) to change
resistance.

OBSERVATIONS:

Diameter of tanks: ID 92mm

Initial flow rate (LPH):

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 4


Initial steady state tank 3 level (mm):

Initial steady state tank 2 level (mm):

Volume added (lit.):

Final steady state tank 3 level (mm):

Final steady state tank 2 level (mm):

Sr. No. TimeGf level of tank 2 H(t) observed H(t) predicted


(sec) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1
2
3
4 --

Take readings till the steady state is reached in level of tank 2, fill up columns H(t) observed
and H(t) predicted after calculations.

Calculations:

H (t) observed = (Level at time t - level at time 0) x 10 -3

V R2
H 2 (t )= { eαt −e βt }
τ 1 τ 2 ( α− β)

V = Volume of liquid added as an impulse input (in m3)

(For calculating τ1,τ2, α, β and R2 refer experiment 3)

Put the values in above equation to find out H (t) Predicted and plot the graph of H (t)

Predicted and H (t) Observed Vs time.

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 5


Model Graph:

CONCLUSIONS:

1. The impulse response of two first order systems arranged in interacting mode is
studied and a graph is plotted between Time versus H2 (both observed and calculated).
2. It is noted that the theoretical value of height matches with the experimental values.

IPC LAB, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, NITW Page 6

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