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    Solution:: Ex 3.3 Consider The Following Parallelograms. Find The Values of The Unknowns X, Y, Z

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    The document contains solutions to 12 questions about properties of parallelograms. Key details include: opposite sides are equal in a parallelogram; opposite angles are equal; adjacent angles are supplementary. Unknown angles and side lengths are determined using these properties along with angle sum identities for triangles and quadrilaterals. Alternative methods are described for finding some angle measures.

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    Solution:: Ex 3.3 Consider The Following Parallelograms. Find The Values of The Unknowns X, Y, Z

    Uploaded by

    padma
    96 views9 pages
    The document contains solutions to 12 questions about properties of parallelograms. Key details include: opposite sides are equal in a parallelogram; opposite angles are equal; adjacent angles are supplementary. Unknown angles and side lengths are determined using these properties along with angle sum identities for triangles and quadrilaterals. Alternative methods are described for finding some angle measures.

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    3.3 VIII notes

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    The document contains solutions to 12 questions about properties of parallelograms. Key details include: opposite sides are equal in a parallelogram; opposite angles are equal; adjacent angles are supplementary. Unknown angles and side lengths are determined using these properties along with angle sum identities for triangles and quadrilaterals. Alternative methods are described for finding some angle measures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    96 views9 pages

    Solution:: Ex 3.3 Consider The Following Parallelograms. Find The Values of The Unknowns X, Y, Z

    Uploaded by

    padma
    The document contains solutions to 12 questions about properties of parallelograms. Key details include: opposite sides are equal in a parallelogram; opposite angles are equal; adjacent angles are supplementary. Unknown angles and side lengths are determined using these properties along with angle sum identities for triangles and quadrilaterals. Alternative methods are described for finding some angle measures.

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    Ex 3.3 Question 1.

    Given a parallelogram ABCD. Complete each statement along with the definition or
    property used.
    (i) AD = …………
    (ii) ∠DCB = ………
    (iii) OC = ………
    (iv) m∠DAB + m∠CDA = ……..

    Solution:
    (i) AD = BC [Opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal]
    (ii) ∠DCB = ∠DAB [Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal]
    (iii) OC = OA [Diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other]
    (iv) m∠DAB + m∠CDA = 180° [Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary]

    Ex 3.3 Question 2.
    Consider the following parallelograms. Find the values of the unknowns x, y, z.

    Solution:
    (i) ABCD is a parallelogram
    ∠B = ∠D [Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal]
    ∠D = 100°
    ⇒ y = 100°
    ∠A + ∠B = 180° [Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary]
    ⇒ z + 100° = 180°
    ⇒ z = 180° – 100° = 80°
    ∠A = ∠C [Opposite angles of a ||gm]
    x = 80°
    Hence x = 80°, y = 100° and z = 80°
    (ii) PQRS is a parallelogram.

    ∠P + ∠S = 180° [Adjacent angles of parallelogram]


    ⇒ x + 50° = 180°
    x = 180° – 50° = 130°
    Now, ∠P = ∠R [Opposite angles are equal]
    ⇒x=y
    ⇒ y = 130°
    Also, y = z [Alternate angles]
    z = 130°
    Hence, x = 130°, y = 130° and z = 130°
    (iii) ABCD is a rhombus.
    [∵ Diagonals intersect at 90°]

    x = 90°
    Now in ∆OCB,
    x + y + 30° = 180° (Angle sum property)
    ⇒ 90° + y + 30° = 180°
    ⇒ y + 120° = 180°
    ⇒ y = 180° – 120° = 60°
    y = z (Alternate angles)
    ⇒ z = 60°
    Hence, x = 90°, y = 60° and z = 60°.
    (iv) ABCD is a parallelogram

    ∠A + ∠B = 180° (Adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary)


    ⇒ x + 80° = 180°
    ⇒ x = 180° – 80° = 100°
    Now, ∠D = ∠B [Opposite angles of a |jgm]
    ⇒ y = 80°
    Also, z = ∠B = 80° (Alternate angles)
    Hence x = 100°, y = 80° and z = 80°
    (v) ABCD is a parallelogram.

    ∠D = ∠B [Opposite angles of a ||gm]


    y = 112°
    x + y + 40° = 180° [Angle sum property]
    ⇒ x + 112° + 40° = 180°
    ⇒ x + 152° = 180°
    ⇒ x = 180° – 152 = 28°
    z = x = 28° (Alternate angles)
    Hence x = 28°, y = 112°, z = 28°.

    Ex 3.3 Question 3.
    Can a quadrilateral ABCD be a parallelogram if
    (i) ∠D + ∠B = 180°?
    (ii) AB = DC = 8 cm, AD = 4 cm and BC = 4.4 cm?
    (iii) ∠A = 70° and ∠C = 65°?

    Solution:

    (i) For ∠D + ∠B = 180, quadrilateral ABCD may be a parallelogram if following


    conditions are also fulfilled.
    (a) The sum of measures of adjacent angles should be 180°.
    (b) Opposite angles should also be of same measures. So, ABCD can be but need not
    be a parallelogram.
    (ii) Given: AB = DC = 8 cm, AD = 4 cm, BC = 4.4 cm
    In a parallelogram, opposite sides are equal.
    Here AD ≠ BC
    Thus, ABCD cannot be a parallelogram.
    (iii) ∠A = 70° and ∠C = 65°
    Since ∠A ≠ ∠C
    Opposite angles of quadrilateral are not equal.
    Hence, ABCD is not a parallelogram.

    Ex 3.3 Question 4.
    Draw a rough figure of a quadrilateral that is not a parallelogram but has exactly two
    opposite angles of equal measure.
    Solution:

    ABCD is a rough figure of a quadrilateral in which m∠A = m∠C but it is not a


    parallelogram. It is a kite.

    Ex 3.3 Question 5.
    The measures of two adjacent angles of a parallelogram are in the ratio 3 : 2. Find the
    measure of each of the angles of the parallelogram.

    Solution:

    Let ABCD is parallelogram such that


    m∠B : m∠C = 3 : 2

    Let m∠B = 3x° and m∠C = 2x°


    m∠B + m∠C = 180° (Sum of adjacent angles = 180°)
    3x + 2x = 180°
    ⇒ 5x = 180°
    ⇒ x = 36°
    Thus, ∠B = 3 × 36 = 108°
    ∠C = 2 × 36° = 72°
    ∠B = ∠D = 108°
    and ∠A = ∠C = 72°
    Hence, the measures of the angles of the parallelogram are 108°, 72°, 108° and 72°.

    Ex 3.3 Question 6.
    Two adjacent angles of a parallelogram have equal measure. Find the measure of each
    of the angles of the parallelogram.

    Solution:

    Let ABCD be a parallelogram in which


    ∠A = ∠B

    We know ∠A + ∠B = 180° [Sum of adjacent angles = 180°]


    ∠A + ∠A = 180°
    ⇒ 2∠A = 180°
    ⇒ ∠A = 90°
    Thus, ∠A = ∠C = 90° and ∠B = ∠D = 90°
    [Opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal]

    Ex 3.3 Question 7.
    The adjacent figure HOPE is a parallelogram. Find the angle measures x, y and z. State
    the properties you use to find them.

    Solution:

    ∠y = 40° (Alternate angles)


    ∠z + 40° = 70° (Exterior angle property)
    ⇒ ∠z = 70° – 40° = 30°
    z = ∠EPH (Alternate angle)
    In ∆EPH
    ∠x + 40° + ∠z = 180° (Adjacent angles)
    ⇒ ∠x + 40° + 30° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠x + 70° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠x = 180° – 70° = 110°
    Hence x = 110°, y = 40° and z = 30°.

    Ex 3.3 Question 8.
    The following figures GUNS and RUNS are parallelograms. Find x and y. (Lengths are
    in cm)

    Solution:

    (i) GU = SN (Opposite sides of a parallelogram)

    ⇒ y + 7 = 20
    ⇒ y = 20 – 7 = 13
    Also, ON = OR
    ⇒ x + y = 16
    ⇒ x + 13 = 16
    x = 16 – 13 = 3
    Hence, x = 3 cm and y = 13 cm.
    Ex 3.3 Class 8 Maths Question 9.

    In the above figure both RISK and CLUE are parallelograms. Find the value of x.
    Solution:

    Here RISK and CLUE are two parallelograms.

    ∠1 = ∠L = 70° (Opposite angles of a parallelogram)


    ∠K + ∠2 = 180°
    Sum of adjacent angles is 180°
    120° + ∠2 = 180°
    ∠2 = 180° – 120° = 60°
    In ∆OES,
    ∠x + ∠1 + ∠2 = 180° (Angle sum property)
    ⇒ ∠x + 70° + 60° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠x + 130° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠x = 180° – 130° = 50°
    Hence x = 50°

    Ex 3.3 Question 10.

    Explain how this figure is a trapezium. Which of its two


    sides are parallel?
    Solution:

    ∠M + ∠L = 100° + 80° = 180°


    ∠M and ∠L are the adjacent angles, and sum of adjacent interior angles is 180°
    KL is parallel to NM
    Hence KLMN is a trapezium.

    Ex 3.3 Question 11.


    Find m∠C in below figure if ||

    Solution:

    Given that ||
    m∠B + m∠C = 180° (Sum of adjacent angles of a parallelogram is 180°)

    120° + m∠C = 180°


    m∠C = 180° – 120° = 60°
    Hence m∠C = 60°

    Ex 3.3 Question 12.


    Find the measure of ∠P and ∠S if || in figure, is there any other method to find
    m∠P?)

    Solution:

    Given that ∠Q = 130° and ∠R = 90°


    || (given)
    ∠P + ∠Q = 180° (Adjacent angles)
    ⇒ ∠P + 130° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠P = 180° – 130° = 50°
    and, ∠S + ∠R = 180° (Adjacent angles)
    ⇒ ∠S + 90° = 180°
    ⇒ ∠S = 180° – 90° = 90°
    Alternate Method:
    ∠Q = 130°, ∠R = 90° and ∠S = 90°
    We know that
    ∠P + ∠Q + ∠R + ∠Q = 360° (Angle sum property of quadrilateral)
    ⇒ ∠P + 130° + 90° + 90° = 360°
    ⇒ ∠P + 310° = 360°
    ⇒ ∠P = 360° – 310° = 50°
    Hence m∠P = 50°

    *************************************************************************************

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