BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS - Assignment

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 14
At a glance
Powered by AI
Some of the key issues faced include deteriorating water quality and availability, inefficient management across sectors, and lack of collaboration between stakeholders. A data-driven approach integrating various data sources can help provide real-time insights into resource management.

Issues like population growth, mismanagement, siloed administration across central, state and local bodies have contributed to the current problems. Traditional projects are also undertaken without collaboration between sectors.

A BI solution can help improve transparency, enforce accountability and track projects in real time by integrating enterprise applications. This allows for improved data quality, decision making and strategic planning across dynamic water management sectors.

7117IBA BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS

INDIVIDUAL REPORT
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE APLICATION IN ORGANIZATIONS
URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA

NAME: ARGHA DUTTA BANIK


STUDENT NO.: s5122962
SUBMITED TO: KULDEEP SANDHU
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The main aim of the report is to understand to problems faced by the government and other
urban water bodies to effectively implement projects and manage water resources in the
current scenario and analyse how the proposed data-driven multi-sectoral integrated urban
water management implementing a Business Intelligence Solution helps to tackle all the
underlying issues. Rising focus and increased need for a sustainable and effective water
management using modern technologies due to deteriorating water quality and availability
presents a good opportunity to implement a BI Solution for efficient water resource and
utility management (Vibrant Gujarat,2017). This report takes a holistic approach while
describing the various implementation stages of the solution along with capability
development and effective policy making.
A standardised national level information system with data sources integrates data from
various water utility bodies, improving the quality of data and providing a secured access to it
(WRIS, 2016). The data-driven multi-sectoral integrated approach with a decision support
system with a flexible and scalable cloud-based ERP system is demonstrated as a way to
restructure the water management in urban sectors system (Haddara, Fagerstrøm, & Mæland,
2015). The BI solution enables the government to better manage water projects by improved
transparency and enforce accountability across sectors through real time tracking of water
resources by integrating all the enterprise applications (Vibrant Gujarat,2017).
The success of the project lies in effective communication and data exchange within the
various water organizations as well as associated vendors and service providers. Managing
urban water resources and attaining sustainability while doing it would require collaboration
of various stakeholders playing different roles (Mohan Kumar, Manohar, Pallavi, & Anjana,
2013). Water management is a composite area and various factors that interplay must be
orchestrated effectively for a holistic and people-centric approach (Khadse, Labhasetwar, &
Wate, 2012). Business Intelligence solution plays a huge role in strategizing and envisioning
the target models of operation by obtaining an accurate picture in highly dynamic
environment of water management (Stefenova, & Kabakchieva, 2012). A continuous data
collection, generation and presentation with real time event detection allows various end uses
and decision makers to understand and analyse comprehensive water resource and usage data
for assessing, planning, manage and developing water projects in the future (Wadekar,
Vakare, Prajapati, Yadav, & Yadav, 2016).
BACKGROUND

India’s demand for water is likely surge in the next few decades. India has been ranked high
amongst the world’s most water stressed counties by 2040 (Maddocks, Young, & Reig,
2015). Centuries of mismanagement, inefficient political and institutional regimes, siloed
central, state and municipal administration, increased population, etc have somehow in
combination contributed towards to current state of water in India (Biswas, Tortajada, &
Saklan, 2017). Current models of urban planning and water management have already failed
or are likely to fail due to cost ineffectiveness, technical in-capabilities, environment
sustainability, etc (The World Bank, 2016). A system-wide paradigm change is required for
an effective and sustainable management of water to sustain more than a billion population of
the country. Traditionally, water management projects are undertaken in silos by various
water enterprises with very little or no collaboration between or across sectors (Khadse,
Labhasetwar, & Wate, 2012). The proposed BI solution aims to tackle all the underlying
issue through smart governance and decision making.

LITERATURE REVIEW

The Smart Water Management Systems implementing the BI Solution with various sets of
tools, technologies and infrastructure components for efficiently accumulating data from
numerous sources and integrating and presenting them to the key decision makes for effective
analysis have been discussed below -
Internet of Things(IoT) may be defined as a network of interoperable physical devices like
sensors that are provided a unique identifier and the ability to transfer data through different
communication channels. IoT in the recent has developed many folds along with wireless and
embedded technology (Wadekar, Vakare, Prajapati, Yadav, & Yadav, 2016). A range of
sensors monitor deployed across various sectors, enables real-time monitoring of assets,
water flow, pressure, quality and much more (Telstra, 2016).
Information captured from the sensors is uploaded to the cloud infrastructure through a
wireless or cable connection. “The Cloud” could be referred as the internet medium of
providing on-demand computing resources (Linthicum, 2017). Cloud ERP (Enterprise
Resource Planning) is a Software as a Service, which integrates core business processes on a
cloud data infrastructure over the internet for effective real time monitoring and management
(Haddara, Fagerstrøm, & Mæland, 2015). Cloud’s Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
specifically emphasizes on on-demand pay-per-use available data center computing resources
including servers, storage and networking facilities (Linthicum, 2017). The Water
Management System based on cloud infrastructure owned by the regulating bodies integrates
information from all different aspects of water resources and from various public domains
(WRIS, 2016).
Data Visualisation and analytical platforms provides decision makers visual drilling capacity
to identify intricate relationships (Stefenova, & Kabakchieva, 2012). Collected data will be
feed into dashboards along with effective real-time visualization and presentation features to
monitor Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for real time analysis and event management. A
performance dashboard works as a performance management system for water projects that
enable decision makers to effective monitor, analyse and effectively manage processes
(Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, 2016).

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Management of Business Intelligence


The dynamics of the environment and the scale of water projects in India may face risks at
various stages of operations (Khadse, Labhasetwar, & Wate, 2012). The effective
implementation of the Smart Water Management System and management of the various
components (Sorbello, & Marck 2014, p. 76, fig 1) contributing to it is important to attain
most value from various BI efforts (Stefenova, & Kabakchieva, 2012).

Figure 1. Layers of BI Solution

The framework of the Water Management System implementing the BI solution has been
discussed in three segments:
Infrastructure
The IT infrastructure includes various hardware, software and networked elements like the
Data Centers, Servers and clients, communication channels, etc which are the fundamental
components of an enterprise IT environment. Ubiquitous computing, efficient data
management and fast internet have revolution the world in ways beyond imagination
(Eggimann, Mutzner, Wani, Schneider, Spuhler, Moy de Vitry, Beutler, & Maurer, 2017).
The successful implementation of the solution relies hugely on the effective data storage and
network telecommunication infrastructure. The Digital India programme have largely
emphasized on developing digital infrastructure in the country (Digital India, 2018). These
initiatives have enabled the government to utilize information technology and systems to
improve its organizational processes and services.

Cloud-based ERP Infrastructure


Cloud-based ERP system integrates the operational and technical business functions of all the
existing systems of various stakeholders across different water bodies to synchronize the
information flow and enable real-time reporting and BI in a more affordable way. The cloud-
based ERP system is delivered as a SaaS(Software-as-a-Service) model and often regarded as
ERP-as-a-Service (Haddara, Fagerstrøm, & Mæland, 2015).
Cloud-based GIS Infrastructure
Engagement with Cloud Service Providers for a Geospatial Cloud based Data Center
provides the IT infrastructure as IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) and enable to host cloud-
based GIS applications (Acharya, 2017). The BI Solution deployed on virtual private Cloud /
Government Community Cloud complies to the IT governance rules and regulations (The
International Organization for Standardization, 2015).
Cloud Data Integration
The amount of big-data collected for IOT based sensors and other sources, traditional
approaches of data integration are typically no longer a fit (Linthicum, 2017). Data quality
and effectiveness is determined by whether the data is suitable for use or not. The specified
measured dimensions are listed below –
1. Existence and Accuracy – The reliable and completeness of data collected from
various sources is assured using ISO 8000 standards. The collected data is filtered and
cleaned accurately to support the business objective (The International Organization
for Standardization, 2015).
2. Data Integration – The real-time collected data is integrated and unified with the
unstructured and external historical datasets using data integration processes to build
confidence and increase the pace of decision makers by enforcing consistency and
integrity (The International Organization for Standardization, 2015). A swift
transformation to SMAC (Social media, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) based system
would revolutionize the existing capabilities and allow real-time infusion and
integration of data (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology,2016).

Structures / Framework of Smart Urban Water Management System


The smart data-driven IOT based Urban Water Management System has been divided into
three interactive layers based on the specific performances of the system (Yuntao, Lianga,
Zhaoa, & Yunzhong 2016, p. 362, fig 2).
Figure 2 - Framework for Smart Water Management

Sensing Layer
IOT based Wi-Fi connected devices with enhanced sensing capabilities allows active and
passive water data collection for a spatially enabled society and smart cities (Eggimann,
Mutzner, Wani, Schneider, Spuhler, Moy de Vitry, Beutler, & Maurer, 2017). The collected
data will be further uploaded to the cloud data center for real time tracking of water quality
and quantity (Kumar, Manohar, Pallavi, & Anjana, 2013). The sensing layer has been divided
into the following -
End User
The end user includes industries, agriculture/livestock, municipalities/households, etc.
amongst the various sectors that utilizes water.
Water Distribution Network
The Water Distribution Network is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic
components which provide water supply (Mohan Kumar, Manohar, Pallavi, & Anjana, 2013,
p. 307, fig 3). Smart water networks include smart pipes for monitoring and analysing water
quality and quantity with real-time leak and event detection (Kumar, Manohar, Pallavi, &
Anjana, 2013). Smart network metering allows a use pattern detection through a detailed
water-related activity data monitoring (Eggimann, Mutzner, Wani, Schneider, Spuhler, Moy
de Vitry, Beutler, & Maurer, 2017).
Figure 3 – Water Distribution Network of Bangalore

Producers
The Producers include direct river extractions, reservoirs, groundwater extractions, water
waste treatment plants, dams etc. amongst various water resources.
Network Layer
The network layer works on telemetry system for the communication of water data collected
from the sensing layer to the application layer data centres (Vibrant Gujarat, 2017). The data
from the three above mentioned sources – End Users , Water Distribution Network and
Producers, is accumulated with wireless or cable transmission technology and is then
uploaded to the cloud data infrastructure (Yuntao, Lianga, Zhaoa, & Yunzhong, 2016).
Application Layer
The application layer built on cloud-based ERP system with increased data collaboration
supports a real-time monitoring of the whole water supply chain network with zoom facility
to focus on a particular aspect (Linthicum, 2017), allowing decision makers to analyse and
get a clear picture of water scenario for a particular region (The World Bank, 2016).
Supporting Layer
The supporting layer covers operational support, data sharing and cloud data integration,
middleware platforms, GIS platforms, HMI support platform, application security
management, etc (Acharya,2017). The main functionality of the supporting system includes
processing the incoming data from various fields and provide a base for monitoring and
presentation layer for supporting statistical analysis and insightful decision making (Haddara,
Fagerstrøm, & Mæland, 2015).
Presentation Layer
The presentation layer provides visualization solutions along with performance dashboards
which serves as an “organization magnifying glass” for measuring, monitoring and managing
(Eckerson, 2005). The BI solution main supports two below mentioned interfaces -
1. Open Government Data – Open data sources provides a platform that allows common
people to access non-sensitive project related data (Open Government Data Platform
India, 2015).
2. Govt and Water Institutions – Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) like
system with GIS and HMI interfacing is used for a real-time analysis with improved
time-based data visualisation dashboards to support informed operational and
strategic decision making for various users within water utilities (Vibrant Gujarat,
2017).
Event Management
The Smart Water Management System provides an integrated event management platform
with ability to detect, analyse and manage events. Events such as thefts, leakages, telemetry
and data issues, operational failures and glitches are detected in real time and acted upon to
reduce the impact (Takadu, 2018). Events are created as per the detection of incidents and are
acted upon as per the priority and severity of the issue.
Processes
Center of Governance and Planning Commission
The planning commission serves as a center for enterprise which would coordinate the
implementation of the BI solutions across different sectors and drive governments strategy
(Digital India, 2018). The institution also enforces all the best practices and standards across
sectors and maintains data stewardship (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology,
2016).
Organizational Culture
Development of a “Analytics Culture” which treats data as a key driver to establish processes
and operations is vital for effective implementation of BI solution (Dunlea, 2015). A
community or organizational culture is built on people’s attitude and beliefs and the initial
foundation sets people’s habits and behaviours around the use of data (Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology,2016).
Evaluation and Continual Improvement
A fast and efficient feedback loop and focus on KPIs allows the water organizations to revisit
their expectations and utilize them as the baseline for a progress evaluation for their ongoing
water management projects (Eggimann, Mutzner, Wani, Schneider, Spuhler, Moy de Vitry,
Beutler, & Maurer, 2017). This would also help water organizations to strategically align
operations and process towards processes that performing well and remove or improve the
ones that are not (Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, 2016).

Value Proposition of the BI Solution


As water is a state-owned property, it must be seen as a driving force to realize the potential
of effective data-driven urban water management system. Value proposition and justification
of investment are as follows –
1. The real-time monitoring and tracking of water resources would reduce the informal
water economy (Sorbello, & Marck 2014, p. 78, fig 4) and allow manage field works
to fix issues more efficiently with increased safety and security (Telstra, 2016).

Figure 4 - Breach Zone

2. Foreign direct investment from various world organizations (The World Bank, 2016)
would help create new job opportunities and better living standards (Vibrant Gujarat,
2017).
3. Effective regular stakeholder engagements and monitored operations would to help
detect roadblocks and minimize delays (Khadse, Labhasetwar, & Wate, 2012) and help
deepen customer relationships (Telstra, 2016).
4. Early detection of leaks and abnormalities in the water distribution network would
help water organisations wisely manage water (Sorbello, & Marck 2014, p. 77, fig 5)
and helps the state to become independent and would also allow it to export the surplus
water to other states (Vibrant Gujarat, 2017).
Figure 5 – Leak detection

5. Intelligent water system provides increased efficiency by means of smart metering


(Eggimann, Mutzner, Wani, Schneider, Spuhler, Moy de Vitry, Beutler, & Maurer,
2017) and effective water resource management by smart distribution networks
utilizing pressure management (Sorbello, & Marck, 2014).
6. Improved services with quicker detection and response time to resolve queries and
system failures incidents increase end user satisfaction (Takadu, 2018) and reduces
wastage of water providing a sustainable way of managing water (Vibrant Gujarat,
2017).
7. Smart Water Management System also increase transparency and enforce
accountability for multi-sectoral projects allowing project implementation tracking
(Open Government Data Platform India, 2015). This helps to improve performance of
all the projects undertaken by various central and state water authorities (Vibrant
Gujarat, 2017).

Identified quantifiable and non-quantifiable benefits of Smart Water Management


from the state of Gujarat (Vibrant Gujarat 2017, p. 10, fig 6).
Figure 6 – Benefits of Smart Water Management, Gujarat
Conclusions and Recommendations
Water is a too fundamental issue to left to one institution alone and thus requires a multi-
sectoral collaboration for sustainably evolving to a more water efficient society (Khadse,
Labhasetwar, & Wate, 2012). Urbanisation and current deteriorating state of affairs have
already resulted in series of economic, social, political and environmental problems (Biswas,
Tortajada, & Saklan, 2017). The willingness of organizations and stakeholders across
different sectors to open up their data to make the water management system more
transparent and accountable using modern BI solutions is the key for success (The World
Bank, 2016). The Smart Water Management System allows a vast water data collection and
analysis to help the decision makers to take proactive approach to aging infrastructure and
other network challenges by giving them the opportunity to use data as a key for successfully
utilize and manage water (Sorbello, & Marck, 2014). The increased visibility and alignment
of people, processes and technology by breaking the traditional way to working would help
the water bodies to better manage water with improved operational efficiency (Takadu,
2018). Thus, it is clear that business intelligence solutions along with smart water
technologies will be the key to address both drivers and challenges in managing water in the
future.
Referencing
1. Maddocks, A., Young, R., & Reig, P. (2015, August 26). Re: Ranking the World’s
Most Water-Stressed Countries in 2040 [Blog post]. Retrieved from
http://www.wri.org/blog/2015/08/ranking-world%E2%80%99s-most-water-stressed-
countries-2040
2. Biswas, A., Tortajada, C., & Saklan, U. (2017, March 15). India is facing its worst
water crisis in generations. Quartz Media. Retrieved from https://qz.com/931878/india-
is-facing-its-worst-water-crisis-in-generations/
 
3. Khadse, GK., Labhasetwar, PK., & Wate, SR. (2012). Water resource management:
an Indian perspective. Journal of Environmental Science Engineering. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25151722
4. Yuntao, Y., Lianga, L., Zhaoa, H., & Yunzhong, J. (2016). The System Architecture
of Smart Water Grid for Water Security. 12th International Conference on Hydro
informatics, HIC 2016. Procedia Engineering 154 (pp. 361 – 368). Beijing, China:
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research.
5. The World Bank: Taking a Holistic Approach to Water Management. (2017).
Retrieved from http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2017/03/22/taking-holistic-
approach-water-management
 
6. Sorbello, J., & Marck, R. (2014). APPLICATIONS FOR INTELLIGENT WATER
NETWORK SYSTEMS: Case studies to demonstrate how water utilities can use smart
systems to tackle a diverse range of water issues. Water: Journal of the Australian
Water Association, Vol. 41, No. 5, Aug 2014: 75-80.
 
 
7. Wadekar, S., Vakare, V., Prajapati, R., Yadav, S., & Yadav, V. (2016). Smart Water
Management Using IOT. 5th International Conference on Wireless Networks and
Embedded Systems (WECON), Rajpura, 2016, pp. 1-4.
 
8. Dunlea, E. (2015, November 30). The Key to Establishing a Data-Driven Culture.
Gartner. Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/the-key-to-
establishing-a-data-driven-culture/
 
9. Haddara, M., Fagerstrøm, A., & Mæland, B. (2015). Cloud ERP Systems: Anatomy
of Adoption Factors & Attitudes. Journal of Enterprise Resource Planning Studies, Vol.
2015. Oslo, Norway: Department of Technology Westerdals Oslo School of Arts,
Communication and Technology.
  
 
10. Digital India. (2018). Digital India Initiatives. (2018). Retrieved from
http://digitalindia.gov.in/di-initiatives

11. WRIS (2016). India WRIS – WebGIS. Retrieved from http://india-


wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Main_Page
 
 
12. Eggimann, S., Mutzner, L., Wani, O., Schneider, M., Spuhler, D., Moy de Vitry, M.,
Beutler, P., & Maurer, M. (2017). The Potential of Knowing More: A Review of Data-
Driven Urban Water Management. Environmental Science & Technology 2017 51 (5),
2538-2553. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04267
 
13. Acharya, PS. (2017). Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Kharagpur. Training-
cum-Review Workshop on Geospatial Data Modelling and Geospatial Cloud for Spatial
Data Infrastructures (SDIs). Retrieved from
https://nsdiindia.gov.in/nsdi/nsdiportal/meetings/IITWorkshop/1__PSA_IITKGPAUG2
017VER1.PDF
 
 
14. The International Organization for Standardization. (2015). Information and data
quality: Concepts and measuring. ISO 8000-8:2015(en). Retrieved from
https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:8000:-8:ed-1:v1:en 
15. Linthicum, D. (2017). Cloud Computing Changes Data Integration Forever: What’s
Needed Right Now. The IEEE Computer Society. vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 50-53, 2017. doi:
10.1109/MCC.2017.47.
 
16. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. (2016). Big Data Analytics in e-
Governance - Leveraging BIG DATA ANALYTICS for bring social change. New
Delhi, India: Author.
 
17. Mohan Kumar M.S., Manohar U., Pallavi M.R.M., & Anjana G.R. (2013). Urban
Water Supply and Management. Journal of the Indian Institute of Science. Volume 93,
Issue 2.
 
 
18. Vibrant Gujarat (2017). Establishment of a Real time monitoring system (SCADA)
for bulk water supply network. Gujarat, India: Author.
 
19. Eckerson, W. (2005). What Are Performance Dashboards? Retrieved from
http://www.bpmpartners.com/documents/Chapter1Excerpt.pdf

20. Open Government Data Platform India. (2015). Retrieved from


https://data.gov.in/about-us

21. Takadu. (2018). Retrieved from http://www.takadu.com/about-us

22. Telstra: The connected future has arrived - Transforming Australian Water Utilities
with intelligent networks. (2016). Retrieved from
https://www.telstra.com.au/content/dam/tcom/business-
enterprise/industries/pdf/intelligent-water-management-brochure.pdf
 
23. Stefenova, K., & Kabakchieva, D. (2012). Management Aspects of the Business
Intelligent Systems Development. Economic Alternatives, Issue 1. Retrieved from
www.unwe.bg/uploads/Alternatives/BROI_1_ECONOMIC_ALTERNATIVES_ENGL
ISH_2012-04.pdf

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy