The Self According To The Perspective of Anthropology

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THE SELF ACCORDING TO THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY

Katherine Ewing (1990), described the self as encompassing the “physical organism, possessing
psychological functioning and social attributes”.

Self as Representation
Katherine Ewing (1989) asserted that a “self” is illusory. People construct a series of self-representations
that are based on selected cultural concepts of a person and selected ‘chains’ of personal memories. Each
self-concept is experienced as a whole and continuous with its own history and memories that emerge in a
specific context to be replaced by another self-representation when the context changes.

The Self Embedded in Culture


“Cultural traditions and social practices regulate, express, and transform the human psyche, resulting
less in psychic unity for humankind than in ethnic divergences in mind, self, and emotion.”
Cultural psychologists distinguished two ways of how the self is constructed. These are the independent
and interdependent constructs. The independent construct is a characteristic of individualistic culture.
Individualistic culture represents the self as separate, distinct, with emphasis on internal attributes or
traits, skills, and values. The interdependent construct is typical of the collectivist culture stressing the
essential connection between the individual to other people.
Developmental psychologist Catherine Raeff (2010) believed that culture can influence how you view:
relationships, personality traits, achievement, and expressing emotions.

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