Method Statement For Grouting
Method Statement For Grouting
Method Statement
Statement
®
Sikadur -42
Epoxy Resin based Grout
Corporate Construction
n Storage Place: ICC BU Contractors
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Key Words: Sikadur ®-42, Grouting, Epoxy Resin Grout, Reactive Resin Grout
t Scope:
The information contained herein and any other advice are given in good faith based on Sika's current knowledge and experience of
the products when properly stored, handled and applied under normal conditions in accordance with Sika's recommendations. The
information only applies to the application(s) and product(s) expressly referred to herein. In case of changes in the parameters of the
application, such as changes in substrates etc., or in case of a different application, consult Sika's Technical Service prior to using
Sika products. The information contained herein does not relieve the user of the products from testing them for the intended
application and purpose. All orders are accepted subject to our current terms of sale and delivery. Users must always refer to the
most recent issue of the local Product Data Sheet for the product concerned, copies of which will be supplied on request.
Table of Contents:
1. System Description ...................... ........................ .......................... ......3
1.1. References ....................
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1.2. Limitations ......................
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3.3. Mixing
Mixing ....................
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t 4.
4.1.
Application / Installation ...................... ...................... ........................ 21
Application Method ......................
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c 4.2 Additional works ........................
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6. Equipment – Tools..............................................................................41
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1. System Description
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Fasteners
Tie rods
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Crash barrier posts
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Fence and railing posts
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etc.
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Bridge bearings
Mechanical joints (i.e. road/bridge/deck
road/bridge/deck types, etc.)
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Crane tracks
Light rail and permanent way in tunnels
1.1. References
1.2. Limitations
According to the Product Data Sheet,
Sheet, certain limitations
limitations are
are given:
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Substrate moisture content
Dew point conditions
conditions
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Sikadur -42 is a vapour barrier when cured
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The last lift/layer must be kept at <50mm
Component C must be kept dry
c Please refer to the PDS (Product Data Sheet) to confirm the details of these
requirements.
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2. Products
Sikadur ®-42 HE
Sikadur ®-42 HE is a three-component, high performance, high precision, solvent-free,
moisture tolerant, epoxy resin based grouting system. For use at ambient and
substrate temperatures between +5°C and +30ºC.
n Sikadur-42 LE
Sikadur ®-42 LE is a three-component, high performance, high precision, low
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exothermic, solvent-free, moisture tolerant, epoxy resin based grouting system. For
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use at ambient temperatures between +20°C to +45ºC and on substrates from +15°C
to +45ºC.
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Sikadur-42 MP Normal and Slow
Sikadur ®-42 MP Normal is a three-component, multi purpose, solvent-free, moisture
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tolerant, epoxy resin based grouting system. For use at substrate and ambient
temperatures between +10°C and +30ºC.
o Sikadur-42 PT
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Sikadur ®-42 PT is a three-component, solvent-free, moisture tolerant, epoxy resin
based, post tensioning anchorage protection system. For use at substrate and ambient
temperatures between +5°C and +30ºC.
Larger volume packaging is available and this varies from country to country. Please
contact your local Sika Company for sizes and packaging availability.
The most important preparation steps for installation of Sikadur ®-42 Epoxy Grout are::
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- Check the geometry of the grouting area and confirm max. layer thickness of the
relevant Sikadur ®-42 type in the Product Data Sheet (PDS). à Grouting in several
t layers or lifts may be necessary. à Refer to chapter 4.1 in this method statement
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- Make a programme for the whole procedure. Check the staff available and trained
to mix the material fast enough to maintain a continuous work and grout flow for
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this work. The most critical bottleneck during grouting is frequently a lack of human
resources (for a continuous work flow which is essential for a successful grouting)
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- Select mixing tools and equipment with sufficient capacity. Confirm power type and
availability for the mixing equipment
- Calculate the time required for preparing and mixing the epoxy grout and include
s this in the programme. In many cases, at least two working teams are necessary to
supply the feed hopper and to maintain the work flow. Do not reduce the mixing
n time, even when in a hurry à Refer to chapter 3.3. Important Notes: This is one of
the most common mistakes in grouting work
o - Check the substrate in advance. Ensure that the substrate is in good condition and
that all cement laitance, oil, dust, dirt and any other foreign material is removed. It
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must also be dry and free from any standing water
- Check the cleanliness and preparation of the base plate and any metal surfaces.
- Ensure that all necessary tools and equipment are available on site (mixers,
trowels etc.)
- Check the protective health and safety equipment is available (clothing, gloves,
goggles etc)
- Check the formwork requirements and design it according to chapter 3.2 of this
method statement. Prepare the formwork with release agent to prevent bonding
with the grout and all other areas where bonding with the grout is not necessary.
Any release agent, wax etc. is strictly forbidden from contact or spillage in all other
areas, this must also be checked
- Check there is adequate sealing (e.g. Sikaflex ®-11 FC+) of the formwork to prevent
leakage
- Design and then ensure there are enough places for air release within the grouting
area (as outlined in Section 3.2 Page 15 of this Method Statement)
- Ensure adequate protection of adjacent equipment and finished floor areas etc
around the grouting area
Please also check the Installation Record & Checklist. This document helps to
ensure that all of the important steps for successful Grouting are complied with.
Personal Protection:
The following symbols are typical of the internationally required labelling for epoxy
resins and hardeners. In accordance with these, the products should be stored and
applied according to the appropriate local regulations. Please also observe any other
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relevant local regulations (Refer to local PDS and MSDS).
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Corrosive Dangerous for
the environment
Irritant
s The following protective equipment is essential for anyone working with any epoxy
resin based products and these instructions must be strictly adhered to:
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Wear protective overalls Wear safety goggles Wear protective gloves
If any epoxy resin or hardener component gets on clothing, remove the garment at
once. The friction of resin-saturated fabric on the skin can cause serious chemical
burns. Wash your exposed skin occasionally during the workday and immediately if
any epoxy gets on it. Avoid using solvents since they can help epoxy material
penetrate in to the skin and solvents themselves are aggressive and harmful to the
skin. If water is no more available at any time or shorten, then clean the contamination
with sand instead, it works well. Certain hand cleaners also work without harmful
effects. Citrus skin cleaners, for example, are effective and mild. Soap and water takes
time, but also eventually works for small areas.
Avoiding skin contact by keeping tools and equipment clean is one of the best ways to
protect oneself. Remember, epoxies are very tacky which is partly why they work so
well in construction, so it is important to keep them from sticking to your people on site.
Despite safety precautions, with any instances of skin contact rinse immediately with
clean water and use warm water and soap to thoroughly clean the skin.
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Sika Topclean T
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No epoxy resin applications should ever proceed without sufficient water being
adjacent and available for eye washing. If adequate clean water is not provided then
the project should not commence, no matter what the urgency. Numerous workers and
n observers have suffered injury due to resin entering their eyes when there was no
water available to clean them. If a professional eyewash kit is not available, then at the
o very minimum one quart of clean water must be present. The water can be in a pail,
plastic jug or via a hosepipe, but it must always be directly adjacent to the grouting
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operation ie a water source on the opposite side of the building or site is not good
enough. Safety glasses or other eye protection obviously help those doing the work
but they can also create a false sense of security. Do not take risks with health!
In the event of any spillage or contact into the eyes, always seek medical advice
immediately after rinsing and cleaning the eyes with the clean water
Dependent on local regulations respiratory masks may be required. Please observe all
relevant local regulations.
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t Wear hard hats Wear safety shoes with Wear ear protection. For
steel toe caps use of mixing equipment
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manufacturers advice
n Please refer to the local country regulations and the specific construction site
o requirements.
C Disposal:
Brush away and remove any excess grout into appropriate containers for disposal
before it has hardened.
Hardened epoxy resin can be disposed of with other combustible waste in a waste
incineration plant.
In no circumstances, burn the epoxy in an open fire due to the potentially dangerous
gases which can be released.
Cleaning of Tools:
Uncured material can be removed with Sika Colma Cleaner.
Weak concrete must be removed and surface defects such as blowholes and
voids must be fully exposed.
Mortar and concrete must be older than 28 days (dependent on minimum
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strength requirements).
Confirm the substrate strength (concrete, masonry, natural stone etc). If in
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doubt, make a test area first.
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The substrate surfaces must all be sound, clean and free from contaminants
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such as dirt, oil, grease, rust, existing surface treatments and coatings etc.
All loose particles must be removed.
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Substrate must be dry or mat damp and free from any standing water, ice etc.
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If in doubt, make a test area first and confirm with
bond strength testing equipment, as shown on
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(Proceq or similar)
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Surface preparation:
Steel:
Must be cleaned and prepared thoroughly to an acceptable quality standard equivalent
to SA 2.5 i.e. by blastcleaning and vacuum. Avoid dew point conditions.
All anchor pockets or sleeves must be free of water. Apply the grout as immediately as
possible after preparation and cleaning to prevent re-oxidizing / rust formation on the
surfaces.
Baseplates:
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The underside of the base plate must be clean and free from oil, grease, rust,
scale or other loosely adherent material
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It is recommended that the underside and edges of the base plates are coated
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with Sikagard ®-63N to prevent rust formation and ensure a good bond to the
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grout.
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u Substrates:
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t There are two main procedures for substrate preparation: blastcleaning and scabbling
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with chisels.
n 1. Method:
Substrate preparation by blastcleaning:
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Substrate preparation by
blastcleaning
2. Method:
Substrate preparation by scabbling with a chisel:
With scabbling it is possible to obtain a larger specific surface area which is then in
contact and bonded to the epoxy grout, which also creates a higher mechanical bond
between the epoxy and the concrete. However, scabbling also requires blastcleaning
afterwards to remove any loose or friable particles such as fractured aggregates
remaining on the surface.
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with a chisel
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n After scabbling, the substrate can
have a reduced bond strength
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(see red circle)
After scabbling:
Remove friable material etc. by
blastcleaning or …….
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Protection of adjacent steel edges and surfaces:
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o Protect adjacent steel surfaces with
tape
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Cleaning:
3.2. Formwork
Forming:
The flowable consistency of the Sikadur-42 epoxy grout material requires the use of
permanent or temporary forms to contain the material until it has hardened ie around
base plates, for example. In order to prevent leakage or seepage, all of these formers
must be sealed. Apply polyethylene film or wax / release agent to all forms to prevent
adhesion of the grout. Prepare the formwork to allow and maintain more than 100 mm
liquid head to facilitate placement. A grout box equipped with an inclined trough
attached to the form work will enhance the grout flow and minimize any air
n encapsulation.
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n Example of an excellent sealant for formwork: Sikaflex ®-11 FC +
o Pour the mixed grout into the prepared forms from one or two sides only to p revent air
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entrapment. Maintain the liquid head to ensure intimate contact to the underside of the
base plate. The minimum void depth to be filled with Sikadur ®-42 epoxy grout beneath
the base-plate, should be at least10-25 mm; refer to the specific Product Data Sheet
for more detailed information.
Where the void beneath the base plate is greater than the maximum allowable grout
thickness (please refer to the Product Data Sheet) place the epoxy grout in successive
layers or lifts once the preceding lift has hardened and cooled à see chapter 4.1
Pouring side: Erect formwork approx. 200 mm from the base plate edge
Opposite of the filling side: Erect the formwork at least 50 mm above the grouting level
200mm
50mm
Feeding
Hopper
system
Air release:
Make some air release holes (tubes or holes etc) at every enclosed high point within
the machinery/equipment. (See sketches below)
Air release
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Enclosed
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Air
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Control: Fill levels must be even
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Second step: Epoxy Grout flows due to hydrostatic pressure from the feed hopper
until the correct fill level is attained
Checklist:
Before fixing any formwork, ensure that the area to be grouted is clean.
The formwork itself must be constructed to be leakproof and prevent any
possible grout loss. This can be achieved by using foam rubber strips or a
suitable sealant such as Sikaflex-11FC+, beneath the formwork, and in any
joints on the formwork.
The formwork should also be constructed in such a way as to keep the final,
unrestrained surface area of the grout to a minimum, to avoid any possible
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problems with unrestrained surface shrinkage cracking at a later stage.
For free flowing grout application, it is essential to provide a hydrostatic head
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of the grout. A feed hopper is recommended.
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Pouring side: Erect formwork approx. 200 mm from the base plate edge. (see
sketch above)
The grout should be poured from the shortest distance across the base plate
c The formwork should be fixed in such a way as to allow easy stripping,
without causing damage or stress on the grout.
u All dust, dirt and any other foreign materials have to be removed from the
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grout area before the last piece of formwork is fixed and sealed.
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Opposite the grout filling side: Erect the formwork at least 50 mm above and
beyond the base plate edge. (see sketch above)
s Make air release holes at the highest points within any enclosed areas of the
machinery/equipment.
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3.3. Mixing
Pre-batched units:
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(resin).
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Make sure the hardener container is fully emptied
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into the resin component. (Use a spatula.)
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s Mix both components thoroughly with a low speed
electric mixer (300 - 400 rpm).
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c Mix for approximately 5 minutes until uniform and
homogeneous so that the C-Component is
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hardener.
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o Important Notes:
Always mix only that quantity of Sikadur ®-42 grouts that can be used within its potlife.
First, stir each component thoroughly. Add Components A and B together in the
correct proportions (measured by weight) into a suitable grout mixing vessel. Then
continue the procedure as described above for the pre-batched units
Important Notes:
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(as the exothermic reaction between A and B alone generates excess
heat and smoke)
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Checklist:
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Choose adequate mixing paddle for proper mixing and to avoid air
entrapment
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Mix Components A and B in the pail of Component A for 3 min with a paddle
attached to a low speed drill (300-450 rpm)
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Do not thin with solvents. Solvents will prevent proper curing and change the
mechanical properties
Place the mixed epoxy into an appropriately sized grout mixing vessel to
accommodate and mix the whole of Component C
Do not change the mixing ratio! refer to the product data sheet for the
approved variations in the mixing ratio
Slowly add the entire contents of component C and mix until the grout is
homogeneously blended (approx. 5 min) and a completely uniform colour
Leave Sikadur-42 to stand and mature in the mixing vessel for several
minutes (approx. 2-3 minutes) until the majority of entrained air bubbles have
dispersed before the grouting procedure begins
Avoid splitting pre-batched units to mix. Mix complete pre-batched units only
Never reduce the stated mixing time. This can result in reduced flow
characteristics and inconsistent properties in the cured grout
Component C must be kept dry
Mixing Tools:
For optimum mixing results use a mixing paddle similar to the ones shown below:
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With this design of mixing paddle, you can obtain the best results
to mix Resin and Hardener (A+B Component)
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o With this design of mixing paddle, you can obtain the best results
4. Application / Installation
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Maximum grout depth
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Checklist:
c For specific bolt grouting applications please refer to Sika Technical Services
For proper seating, allow the grout to rise above the bottom (approx. 3 mm) of
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Colder and hotter ambient substrate or material temperatures will influence the
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curing and f low characteristics of Sikadur ®-42
Do not subject epoxy grouts to sudden temperature changes especially during
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early curing stages
Contact Sika Technical Services for advice on control joint spacing for large
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base plate grouting projects
Do not vibrate the Epoxy Grout during placing
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For optimum bond strength to the substrate, first apply a small amount of epoxy
grout to the bottom and the shoulder of the grouting area to „wet‟ these parts.
Brush this well into the substrate if possible. Then apply the rest of the first
layer of the Sikadur ®-42 epoxy grout as soon as possible e.g. application is
“wet on wet”
When applied to mat damp concrete, brush the grout well into the substrate
first.
n sources.
Refer to the data sheet of the specific product and closely follow the
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instructions in the section “storage conditions ”.
Keep all equipment cool, arranging shade and protection where necessary. It is
t especially important to keep cool all surfaces that will come into direct contact
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with the material.
Try to avoid application during the hottest times of the day.
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Provide sufficient material, plant and labour to ensure that the application is a
continuous process and that the grout does not stop moving during flow
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application process.
Important Note: When both the materials and/or the substrates are too hot, the potlife
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Working at low temperatures:
Note: When both the materials and/or the substrates are too cold, the potlife will
increase, the flow will also be restricted and curing will be delayed!
Dew Point:
It is important to pay close attention to avoiding dew point conditions. The application
temperature must exceed the dew point by at least 3°C.
To check the dew point the following methods can be used: digital electronic
instruments (see graphic) to measure the air temperature, the surface temperature of
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the component, the base plate for example and the relative humidity, but you can also
use traditional analogue instruments.
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With analogue instruments you will have to read the temperature and humidity from
these conventional instruments. The dew point is then found by reference to tables or
a simple slide rule guide (as supplied to customers by some Sika companies).
If no specific dew point instruments are available on the construction site you can still
use the following table to determine the dew point from the temperatures and humidity.
(orange)
Measured ambient temperature in [°C]
(grey)
Measured relative humidity [%]
(yellow)
n The point of their intersection in the table below is the dew point surface temperature in [°C]
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Example: Ambient temperature: 34°C, relative Humidity (rh): 60%
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result the dew point surface temperature is: 25,1°C.
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Temperature
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30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
[°C]
t 45 23,4 26,0 28,2 30,3 32,1 33,8 35,4 36,9 38,2 39,5 40,7 41,9 43,0 44,0
s 44 22,5 25,1 27,3 29,4 31,2 32,9 34,5 35,9 37,3 38,6 39,8 40,9 42,0 43,0
n 43 21,7 24,2 26,5 28,5 30,3 32,0 33,5 35,0 36,3 37,6 38,8 39,9 41,0 42,0
o 42 20,8 23,3 25,6 27,6 29,4 31,1 32,6 34,0 35,4 37,8 37,8 38,9 40,0 41,0
C 41
40
20,0 22,5 24,7 26,7 28,5 30,1 31,7 33,1 34,4 35,7 36,8 38,0 39,0 40,0
19,1 21,6 23,8 25,8 27,6 29,2 30,7 32,1 33,5 34,7 35,9 37,0 38,0 39,0
39 18,2 20,7 22,9 24,9 26,7 28,3 29,8 31,2 32,5 33,7 34,9 36,0 37,1 38,0
38 17,4 19,9 22,0 24,0 25,7 27,4 28,9 30,3 31,6 32,8 33,9 36,1 36,1 37,1
37 16,5 19,0 21,1 23,1 24,8 26,4 27,9 29,3 30,6 31,8 33,0 34,0 35,1 36,1
36 15,7 18,1 20,3 22,2 23,9 25,5 27,0 28,4 29,6 30,9 32,0 33,1 34,1 35,1
35 14,8 17,2 19,4 21,3 23,0 24,6 26,1 27,4 28,7 29,9 31,0 32,1 33,1 34,1
34 14,0 16,4 18,5 20,4 22,1 23,7 25,1 26,5 27,7 28,9 30,0 31,1 32,1 33,1
33 13,1 15,5 17,6 19,5 21,2 22,7 24,2 25,5 26,8 28,0 29,1 30,1 31,1 32,1
32 12,2 14,6 16,7 18,6 20,3 21,8 23,2 24,6 25,8 27,0 28,1 29,2 30,1 31,1
31 11,4 13,7 15,8 17,7 19,3 20,9 22,3 23,6 24,9 26,0 27,1 28,2 29,2 30,1
30 10,5 12,9 14,9 16,8 18,4 20,0 21,4 22,7 23,9 25,1 26,2 27,2 28,2 29,1
29 9,7 12,0 14,0 15,9 17,5 19,0 20,4 21,7 23,0 24,1 25,2 26,2 27,2 28,1
28 8,8 11,1 13,1 15,0 16,6 18,1 19,5 20,8 22,0 23,2 24,2 25,2 26,2 27,1
27 8,0 10,2 12,2 14,1 157 17,2 18,6 19,9 21,1 22,2 23,3 24,3 25,2 26,1
26 7,1 9,4 11,4 13,2 14,8 16,3 17,6 18,9 201 21,2 22,3 23,3 24,2 25,1
25 6,2 8,5 10,5 12,2 13,9 15,3 16,7 18,0 19,1 20,3 21,3 22,3 23,2 24,1
24 5,4 7,6 9,6 11,3 12,9 14,4 15,8 17,0 18,2 19,3 20,3 21,3 22,3 23,1
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23 4,5 6,7 8,7 10,4 12,0 13,5 14,8 16,1 17,2 18,3 19,4 20,3 21,3 22,2
22 3,6 5,9 7,8 9,5 11,1 12,5 13,9 15,1 16,3 17,4 18,4 19,4 20,3 21,2
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i 21 2,8 5,0 6,9 8,6 10,2 116 12,9 14,2 15,3 16,4 17,4 18,4 19,3 20,2
t 20 1,9 4,1 6,0 7,7 9,3 10,7 12,0 13,2 14,4 15,4 16,4 17,4 18,3 19,2
c 19 1,0 3,2 5,1 6,8 8,3 9,8 11,1 12,3 13,4 14,5 15,5 16,4 17,3 18,2
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18 0,2 2,3 4,2 5,9 7,4 8,8 10,1 11,3 12,5 13,5 14,5 16,4 16,3 17,2
t 17 -0,6 1,4 3,3 5,0 6,5 7,9 9,2 10,4 11,5 12,5 13,5 15,5 15,3 16,2
s 16 -1,4 -0,5 2,4 4,1 5,6 7,0 8,2 9,4 10,5 11,6 12,6 14,5 14,4 15,2
n 15 -2,2 -0,3 1,5 3,2 4,7 6,1 7,3 8,5 9,6 10,6 11,6 13,5 13,4 14,2
o 14 -2,9 -1,0 0,6 2,3 3,7 5,1 6,4 7,5 8,6 9,6 10,6 12,5 12,4 13,2
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13 -3,7 -1,9 0,1 1,3 2,8 4,2 5,5 6,6 7,7 8,7 9,6 10,5 11,4 12,2
12 -4,5 -2,6 1,0 0,4 1,9 3,2 4,5 5,7 6,7 7,7 8,7 9,6 10,4 11,2
11 -5,2 -3,4 1,8 -0,4 1,0 2,3 3,5 4,7 5,8 6,7 7,7 8,6 9,4 10,2
10 -6,0 -4,2 2,6 -1,2 0,1 1,4 2,6 3,7 4,8 5,8 6,7 7,6 8,4 9,2
9 -7,6 -5,6 -3,9 -2,3 -0,9 0,5 1,7 2,8 3,8 4,8 5,7 6,6 7,5 8,2
8 -8,5 -6,5 -4,8 -3,2 -1,8 -0,5 0,7 1,8 2,9 3,8 4,8 5,6 6,5 7,2
7 -9,4 -7,4 -5,7 -4,1 -2,7 -1,4 -0,2 0,9 1,9 2,9 3,8 4,7 5,5 6,3
6 -10,2 -8,3 -6,6 -5,0 -3,6 -2,7 -1,4 -0,2 1,0 1,9 2,8 3,7 4,5 5,3
5 -11,1 -9,2 -7,5 -5,9 -4,5 -3,3 -2,1 -1 0,0 1,0 1,9 2,7 3,5 4,3
444
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2.
Formwork
Feed Hopper Chute
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3. Substrate (e.g. Concrete)
4. Anchor Bolt
5. Equipment Base Plate (e.g. steel)
6. Air Release Hole (if necessary)
7. Sikadur ®-42 Epoxy Grout
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1. Formwork
2. Feed Hopper Chute
3. Substrate (e.g. Concrete)
4. Anchor Bolt
5. Equipment Base Plate (e.g. steel)
6. Air Release Hole (if necessary)
7. Sikadur ®-42 Epoxy Grout
Grouting of Bolts:
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For this application the following issues are important:
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Bolt holes or fixing pockets must be blown clean of any dirt or debris. All
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anchor pockets or sleeves must be dry and free of standing water. Ensure
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that any enclosed air pockets are released using preformed holes or by
inserting a wire and move it to lance the air pockets.
c
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t Anchor Bolts for Machinery and Equipment:
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o Anchor bolt „box outs‟ or „sleeve s‟ should be thoroughly cleaned of all debris and can
be filled with a self leveling, flowable Sealant (e.g. Sikaflex ®-228, Sikaflex 2CSL or
C
similar). The anchor bolts should be wrapped with a flexible insulation tape/material
about 6 mm in thickness to prevent bonding of the grout to the anchor bolt. This
insulating material should extend from the top of the concrete to the underside of the
base plate.
®
Sikaflex
(Self Leveling) Stretching Length
Concrete Base
Anchor Bolt
Grout
Crack Crack
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Develops closes
Concrete
o
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t
c
The system at The system during The system during
thermal equilibrium the cooling cycle the warming cycle
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r
t
= tensile or compressive stress, due to thermal expansion.
s
n The Solution for Edge curling:
Epoxy Grout
Y
Crack
Concrete Base
û ü
It is recommended that the exposed edge distance (X) of the epoxy grout from the
base plate to the formwork be kept less or equal to the thickness (Y) of the grout. This
will eliminate edge curling of the grout.
Placing:
It is essential that the grout mixing capacity, material supply and labour availability is
sufficient to enable the grouting operation to be carried out smoothly and continuously.
n
o
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t
c
u
Grouting from the shortest distance Do not grout from the long
r
across the base plate distance across the base plate
t ü û
s
n Grouting down / with any slope or decline:
o
C
Grouting down along the slope Do not grout against/up the slope
ü û
Grout from one side only:
ü û
Sika Services AG / Speckstrasse 22 / CH-8330 Pfaeffikon / Switzerland
Tel: +41 44 403 13 73 / F ax: +41 44 403 13 77
E-Mail: poltera.marco@ch.sika.com / www.sika.com
30/43
N°: 850 42 01
Author: Marco Poltéra
Date: 11/2007
Stagnated Material:
Freshly applied grout which has temporarily stopped moving can be „reactivated ‟ and
kept moving by using a suitable steel chain. à see picture below.
Note: This is only for „reactivating ‟ the material to keep it moving, not for pulling/placing
the material, the material is designed to flow by itself. Do not “break” the front or the
n
„tongue‟ of the grout with the chain!
o
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t
c
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t
s
n
o
C
Place sufficient epoxy grout in the forms for it to rise slightly above the underside
(approx. 3 mm) of the base plate.
It is recommended that during placement of the epoxy grout, the level of the grout has
to be slightly above the level of the bottom of the base plate to ensure complete fill of
the base. The final height of the epoxy grout should be finished level with the bottom of
the base or only slightly higher.
This will eliminate any subsequent breaking off or edge „spalling ‟ of the grout should
n
the equipment be subjected to a rapid increase in temperature later on.
o
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t
c ~3mm
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t
s
n Fresh Epoxy Grout after placing
o
C
Equal with
baseplate
Checklist:
n batch must be regulated to the time taken to prepare the next one.
The mixed grout must be poured from one side only to eliminate the
o
i
entrapment of air. A grouting head must be maintained at all times so that a
continuous grouting front is maintained.
t When the grout reaches the open side of the formwork and rises above the
underside of the base plate, pouring should continue slowly down the length
u of the bottom of the base plate; keep it above this level. The material in the
r
feed hopper should be continuously fed and supplied.
t
s
n
o
C
n
Applying the third layer, after the second layer has again cooled down. Etc.
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t
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u
1. Layer 2. Layer 3. Layer
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t
Keep the surfaces absolutely clean (free from dust, water etc.) until the next layer of
grout is applied.
The last lift/layer must be kept to a maximum thickness of 50 mm.
n Mechanical adhesion is obtained by filling each layer with some additional coarse
aggregate to excess so that it is not completely immersed in the layer. If the second
o layer has a thickness of 4cm, the exposed aggregate should be approx 1-2cm above
the level of the first layer (like an iceberg in the sea).
C
Additional note: This coarse aggregate also helps to reduce the heat from the
exothermic reaction, because some of the heat is absorbed by the aggregate
The aggregate must be complete dry. Place the aggregate within the potlife.
Keep the surfaces absolutely clean (free from dust, water etc.) until the next layer of
grout is applied.
The last lift/layer must be kept to a maximum thickness of 50 mm.
Problem:
The flow of the material should never stop and the hydrostatic pressure should always
be maintained. If the grouting area is too large for this in a single operation, the
following procedure could be a solution:
Solution:
n Divide the area and make several lanes (e.g. approx 1m width) using wooden
o
slats with foam block (open celled) or a sealant tape (with enough thickness)
i
on the top and bottom of the slats (so they can be removed after grouting)
t
Apply release agent on the wooden slats to remove the slats afterwards easily.
After the removing of the slats be aware, that no release agent is on the
c
shoulder of the epoxy grout before applying the second step.
Divide the whole area into these sections as appropriate
u Fill the only the „odd‟ and not the „even‟ sections numbers first
r
The „even‟ numbers (the next sections between) can be grouted as soon as the
t
grout in the „odd‟ sections has cured and the slats have been removed. (See
the diagrams on the next page also)
s
n
o
C Epoxy Grout
Lanes“
Prepared
Substrate
n
o
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c
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s
n
o Plan view step 2 (above)
C
Control Joints:
Control joints (expansion joints) can be installed using ¾ inch thick closed cell
polystyrene/Styrofoam. The control joint should extend from the inside of the form to a
short distance past the inside of the base frame.
It is not necessary for the control joint to extend across the entire base. Placing of the
expansion joints should be located at the cross members of the base.
n
o
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t
c
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t
s
n
o
C
Quality Control:
n
used for the grouting work.
o
Test afterwards e.g. measure
i
the compressive strength, or
t
store these as retained
samples for any future
c
evaluation or requirements.
u
Example:
Retained samples according to
r
t
ASTM C 579 as shown in the
picture.
Specimen size: 2 inch or 5cm
s cubes
n
o Check from every side of the
C
grouted bearing plate (with a
large nail or similar tool), that
the grout level is full below the
plate and not just at the
shoulder before stopping the
grouting flow and procedure.
(See sketch below)
ü û
Surface:
n
open time, before final curing
of the material).
o
Note: Avoiding air entrainment
i
and allowing entrapped air to
t
escape is very important to
prevent any bubbles f orming
c
and reducing the bond strength
under the base plate
u
r
t Protection:
s On completion of the grouting operation, all of the exposed and unexposed areas of
grout should be protected from direct sunlight and heat gain by providing shade over
n the whole area.
o Also protect the grouted area from rain, dust etc.
C Formwork:
If the formwork was well prepared with release agent as recommended earlier, it
should now be easy to remove.
Rotary abrasion with a variety of sanding and grinding discs is the most common
removal method. The more aggressive the method, the faster the removal rate will be
and the rougher the final surface achieved. Abrading is slow and generates a great
deal of dust unless a vacuum device is attached to the grinder - these attachments are
readily available now and are efficient enough to allow grinding where necessary, even
in the food processing and other clean environments. Incidentally, coarse abrasive
discs seem to generate less dust than finer discs, which actually tend to polish the
n
surface.
o
Flexible scrapers such as those used in mechanical chisels / chipping hammers also
i
can be used to remove the excess epoxy. They always work well, but they work best
t
on smooth floor and wall surfaces.
c
Another method is by heating the epoxy grout followed by scraping. On larger areas
this works well using two operatives, one slightly ahead warming the epoxy, the other
u
slicing the material from the surface with a clean sharp tool. Use a weed burning hot
air gun or similar. The initial efforts may be clumsy until the heating and scraping are
r
t
synchronized, but you can expect high production eventually, with a good finished
appearance if the underlying concrete is smooth.
s If using large hot air burners or grinding with some dust is not acceptable, consider
using a small electric hot air gun such as a membrane hot air welding tool (Leister).
n Production is slower, but disruption and odor are negligible.
o No matter which procedure is used or what the operatives skill level is, the concrete
surface will probably be damaged in some way after removing the epoxy. Do not agree
C to grouting specifications that prohibit any damage or blemishes on the surface.
6. Equipment – Tools
Mixing Paddles:
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o
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c twisted bar Collomix Type WK
u Mixers:
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t
s
n
o
C Collomix CK Duo Collomix CK Collomix XM
(with exchangeable Mixers)
For more information: www.collomix.com
The appropriate mixer should be selected according to the quantity of epoxy grout and
the filler content used.
For the higher filled epoxy grouts (such as Sikadur®-42 LE) and larger quantities
mixing equipment with more power is obviously necessary.
Vacuum Cleaner
Kärcher
Industrial Vaccum Cleaner
HILTI:
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o
HILTI TE 706 HILTI TE 805 HILTI TE 905
i
t
For more information: www.hilti.com
c Makita:
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t
s
n
o HM1242C HM1211B HM1100C
C For more information: www.makita.com
Milwaukee: