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    Notes - Vector Valued Function (5) - Divergence Curl

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    Jason Yap Han Yuen
    This document discusses divergence and curl, which are vector operators. The divergence measures how a vector field spreads out from a point, and is a scalar quantity. It is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector field components with respect to x, y, and z. The divergence can be positive, negative, or zero, indicating whether the field spreads out from, converges toward, or flows through a point. The curl measures the rotation of a vector field and is also a vector quantity. It is defined as the cross product of the gradient operator with the vector field. The curl indicates whether the field rotates clockwise or counterclockwise about an axis, or does not rotate at all. Multiple

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    Notes - Vector Valued Function (5) - Divergence Curl

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    Jason Yap Han Yuen
    501 views12 pages
    This document discusses divergence and curl, which are vector operators. The divergence measures how a vector field spreads out from a point, and is a scalar quantity. It is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector field components with respect to x, y, and z. The divergence can be positive, negative, or zero, indicating whether the field spreads out from, converges toward, or flows through a point. The curl measures the rotation of a vector field and is also a vector quantity. It is defined as the cross product of the gradient operator with the vector field. The curl indicates whether the field rotates clockwise or counterclockwise about an axis, or does not rotate at all. Multiple

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    Notes - Vector Valued Function [5] - Divergence Curl

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    This document discusses divergence and curl, which are vector operators. The divergence measures how a vector field spreads out from a point, and is a scalar quantity. It is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector field components with respect to x, y, and z. The divergence can be positive, negative, or zero, indicating whether the field spreads out from, converges toward, or flows through a point. The curl measures the rotation of a vector field and is also a vector quantity. It is defined as the cross product of the gradient operator with the vector field. The curl indicates whether the field rotates clockwise or counterclockwise about an axis, or does not rotate at all. Multiple

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    501 views12 pages

    Notes - Vector Valued Function (5) - Divergence Curl

    Uploaded by

    Jason Yap Han Yuen
    This document discusses divergence and curl, which are vector operators. The divergence measures how a vector field spreads out from a point, and is a scalar quantity. It is defined as the sum of the partial derivatives of the vector field components with respect to x, y, and z. The divergence can be positive, negative, or zero, indicating whether the field spreads out from, converges toward, or flows through a point. The curl measures the rotation of a vector field and is also a vector quantity. It is defined as the cross product of the gradient operator with the vector field. The curl indicates whether the field rotates clockwise or counterclockwise about an axis, or does not rotate at all. Multiple

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    6 Divergence and Curl

     Descriptions:
     The divergence is an operator that measures
    the magnitude of a vector field's source or sink
    at a given point
     The divergence of a vector field is a scalar
    field that tells us at each point, the extent to
    which the field diverges from the point
     The divergence of a vector field is a scalar
     The divergence of a vector field
    F( x, y, z )  F1 ( x, y, z )i  F2 ( x, y, z ) j  F3 ( x, y, z )k
    is defined as

    div F    F
        
      i  j  k   ( F1i  F2 j  F3k )
     x y z 
    F F F
     1 2 3
    x y z

    (i) div> 0 (ii) div < 0 (iii) div = 0

    27
     Curl is a vector operator that shows a vector
    field's rate of rotation, i.e. the direction of the axis
    of rotation and the magnitude of the rotation.
     The curl of a vector field is defined as

    i j k
      
    curl F    F 
    x y z
    F1 F2 F3
     The tendency of the fluid to swirl (or spin):

    Curl > 0 (+ve vector) (pointing outward) –


    rotation is counterclockwise
    Curl < 0 (– ve vector) (pointing outward) –
    rotation is clockwise
    Curl = 0 – no rotational motion

    Example 16:

    Find both div F and curl F at the point (2,0,3) if

    F( x, y, z )  ze2 xyi  2 xz cos yj  ( x  2 y)k


    28
    Example 16

    Solution
    div 𝐅 = 𝛻 ∙ 𝐅 =

    curl 𝐅 = 𝛻 × 𝐅 =
    Multiple Operations
    We can combine the operators grad, div and curl in
    multiple operations.
    If f (x , y, z ) is a scalar field and F F1, F2, F3 a
    vector field, then

    1. div grad f = ( f)
    2. curl grad f = ( f)
    3. grad div F = ( F)
    4. div curl F = ( F)
    5. curl curl F = ( F)

    29
    Example 17
    Final 2015/2016 Sem 1

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