Single Cylinder OHV Air-Cooled Engines: Repair Manuals For Other Briggs & Stratton Engines

Repair Manuals for other
Briggs & Stratton

Briggs & Stratton Engines:
273521 Twin Cylinder OHV Air-Cooled Engines
271172 Twin Cylinder L-Head Air-Cooled Engines
270962 Single Cylinder L-Head Air-Cooled Engines
276535 Two-Cycle Snow Engines
CE8069 Out of Production Engines (1919-1981)
Single Cylinder OHV
Single Cylinder OHV Air-Cooled Engines
Air-Cooled Engines
Quality Starts With A

Master Service Technician
www.ThePowerPortal.com (Dealers)
BRIGGSandSTRATTON.COM (Consumers)
BRIGGS&STRATTON Post office box 702

CORPORATION Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA
©2009 Briggs & Stratton Corporation
Part No. 276781-8/09
8/09
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FORWARD
This manual was written to assist engine technicians and service personnel with the repair and
maintenance procedures for Briggs & Stratton engines. It assumes that persons using this manual have
been properly trained in and are familiar with the servicing procedures for these products, including the
proper use of required tools and safety equipment and the application of appropriate safety practices.
Persons untrained or unfamiliar with these procedures or products should not attempt to perform such
work.
Proper maintenance and repair is important to safe, reliable operation of all engines and engine-driven
systems. The troubleshooting, testing, maintenance, and repair procedures described in this manual are
appropriate for the Briggs & Stratton engines described herein. Alternative methods or procedures may
pose risk to personal safety and the safety and/or reliability of the engine and are not endorsed or
recommended by Briggs & Stratton.
All information, illustrations, and specifications contained in this manual were based on the data available
at the time of publication. Briggs & Stratton Corporation reserves the right to change, alter, or otherwise
improve the product or the product manuals at any time without prior notice.
Briggs & Stratton offers two complementary publications to enhance understanding of engine technology,
maintenance, and repair. (Neither publication, however, is a substitution for a recognized training program
for engine technicians.)
• For consumers, Small Engine Care & Repair (p/n 274041) provides a comprehensive overview of how
small air-cooled engines work, basic troubleshooting, and step-by-step maintenance procedures.
• For engine technicians and consumers alike, an in-depth study of engine theory and operation can be
found in the textbook Small Engines (p/n CE8020).
Both publications can be purchased at BRIGGSandSTRATTON.COM or through a local Authorized Briggs
& Stratton Service Dealer.
Copyright © 2009 Briggs & Stratton Corporation

All rights reserved.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying or recording by any information storage and retrieval system, without
prior written permission from Briggs & Stratton Corporation.

6
This Engine Repair Manual includes the following
Engine Models:
• MODEL 110000 HORIZONTAL SERIES

• MODELS 97700 & 99700 VERTICAL SERIES
• MODEL 110000 VERTICAL SERIES

SECTION 1 - Safety, Maintenance and Adjustments
1
SECTION 2 - Troubleshooting
2
SECTION 3 - Exhaust Systems
3
SECTION 4 - Fuel Systems and Carburetion
4
SECTION 5 - Governor Systems
5
SECTION 6 - Cylinder Heads and Valves
6
SECTION 7 - Starters
7
SECTION 8 - Lubrication Systems
8
SECTION 9 - Cylinders, Covers and Sumps
9
SECTION 10 - Crankshafts, Camshafts, Balancing Systems, and Gear Reductions
10
SECTION 11 - Pistons, Rings and Connecting Rods
11
SECTION 12 - Engine Specifications
12

THISPROPER SERVICE AND REPAIR IS IMPORTANT
TO THE SAFE, ECONOMICAL AND RELIABLE

SECTION 1 - SAFETY, MAINTENANCE, AND ADJUSTMENTS
ENGINE SAFETY- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
BRIGGS & STRATTON NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
ENGINE MAINTENANCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8
1
FUEL AND OIL RECOMMENDATIONS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8
MAINTENANCE CHART - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
FLYWHEEL BRAKE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
1
COMBUSTION CHAMBER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11
AIR FILTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11
SNOW HOOD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13
OIL AND OIL FILTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
SPARK PLUG - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
COOLING SYSTEM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15
ENGINE ADJUSTMENTS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -16
ADJUST REMOTE CONTROLS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16
GOVERNOR ADJUSTMENTS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18
ADJUST VALVE CLEARANCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21

ENGINE SAFETY
This repair manual contains safety information and cause leakage, flow restrictions, or
that is designed to: other failures.
• Make you aware of hazards associated • Check fuel lines and fittings frequently for
with engines. cracks or leaks and replace if necessary.
• Inform you of the risk of injury associated
1 with those hazards.
• Tell you how to avoid or reduce the risk of
injury.
Signal Words in Safety Messages

1 The safety alert symbol ( ) is used to identify
safety information about hazards that can result
in personal injury. WARNING
A signal word (DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION)
is used with the alert symbol to indicate the Before attempting to service this equipment,
likelihood and the potential severity of injury. In read and understand this manual and the
addition, a hazard symbol may be used to operating instructions of the engine and the
represent the type of hazard. equipment it powers.
DANGER indicates a hazard which, if not Failure to follow instructions could result in
avoided, will result in death or serious
property damage, serious injury (including
injury.
paralysis) or even death.
WARNING indicates a hazard which, if

Hazard Symbols and Meanings
not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
CAUTION indicates a hazard which, if

not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE indicates a situation that could

result in damage to the product.
Prior to work, read and understand the section(s)

of this manual that pertain to the job. Follow all
safety warnings.
• Wear suitable eye protection.
• When servicing engines or equipment,
prevent accidental starting by
disconnecting spark plug wire from the
spark plug(s) and disconnect negative
battery cable.
• Periodically clean engine. Keep governor
parts free of dirt, grass, and other debris
which can affect engine speed and
cooling.
• Always use fresh gasoline. Stale fuel can
cause gum deposits in the carburetor

WARNING WARNING
Briggs & Stratton does not approve or autho- Running engines produce heat. Engine
rize the use of these engines on 3-wheel All parts, especially mufflers, become
Terrain Vehicles (ATV’s), motor bikes, fun/rec- extremely hot.
reational go-karts, aircraft products, or vehi- Severe thermal burns can occur on
cles intended for use in competitive events. contact. 1
Combustible debris, such as leaves,
Use of these engines in such applications
grass, brush, etc. can catch fire.
could result in property damage, serious injury • Allow muffler, engine cylinder fins, and radiator
(including paralysis), or even death. to cool before touching.
• Remove accumulated debris from muffler area
and cylinder fins.
1
WARNING • It is a violation of California Public Resource
Code, Section 4442, to use or operate the
The engine exhaust from this product contains engine on any forest-covered, brush-covered,
chemicals known the State of California to or grass-covered land unless the exhaust sys-
cause cancer, birth defects, and other repro- tem is equipped with a spark arrester, as
ductive harm. defined in Section 4442, maintained in effective
working order. Other States and Federal juris-
dictions may have similar laws. Contact the
WARNING original equipment manufacturer, retailer, or
dealer to obtain a spark arrester designed for
Gasoline and its vapors are extremely the exhaust system installed on this engine.
flammable and explosive.
Fire or explosion can cause severe
burns or death. WARNING
When adding fuel: Unintentional sparking can result in fire

• Turn engine OFF and let engine cool for at least 2 minutes or electrical shock.
before removing the fuel cap.
• Fill fuel tank outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Unintentional start-up can result in
• Do not overfill fuel tank. To allow for expansion of the gaso- entanglement, traumatic amputation, or
line, do not fill above the bottom of the fuel tank neck.
• Keep gasoline away from sparks, open flames, pilot lights,
severe lacerations.
heat and other ignition sources.
• Check fuel lines, tank, cap, and fittings frequently for cracks
or leaks. Replace if necessary.
• If fuel spills, wait until it evaporates before starting engine. Before performing adjustments or repairs:
When starting engine: • Disconnect spark plug wire and keep it away
• Make sure spark plug, muffler, fuel cap, and air cleaner are
in place. from spark plug.
• Do not crank engine with spark plug removed. • Disconnect the negative (-) battery terminal.
• If fuel spills, wait until it evaporates before starting engine.
• If engine floods, set choke (if equipped) to OPEN/RUN posi-
When testing for spark:
tion. Place throttle (if equipped) in FAST and crank until • Use approved spark plug tester.
engine starts. • Do not check for spark with spark plug
When operating equipment:
• Do not tip engine or equipment at an angle which would removed.
cause fuel to spill.
• Do not choke carburetor to stop engine.
• Never start or run the engine with the air cleaner assembly
(if equipped) or the air filter (if equipped) removed.
When changing oil:
• If you drain the oil from the top oil fill tube, the fuel tank must
be empty or fuel can leak out and result in a fire or explosion. WARNING
When transporting equipment:
• Transport with fuel tank empty or with fuel shut-off valve set Engines give off carbon monoxide, an
to OFF.
When storing gasoline or equipment with fuel in the tank: odorless, colorless, poison gas.
• Store away from furnaces, stoves, water heaters, or other Breathing carbon monoxide can cause
appliances that have a pilot light or other ignition source nausea, fainting, or death.
because they can ignite gasoline vapors.
• Start and run engine outdoors.
• Do not start or run engine in an enclosed area,
even if doors and windows are open.

WARNING WARNING
Starting engine creates sparking. Rapid retraction of starter cord (kick-

Sparking can ignite nearby flammable back) will pull hand and arm toward
gases. engine faster than you can let go.
Explosion and fire could result. Broken bones, fractures, bruises, or
• If there is a natural or LP gas leak in the area, sprains could result.
do not start engine. • When starting engine, pull the starter cord
1 • Do not use pressurized starting fluids because slowly until resistance is felt and then pull rap-
vapors are flammable. idly to avoid kickback.
• Remove all external equipment/engine loads
before starting engine.
WARNING • Direct-coupled equipment components, such
1 Rotating parts can contact or entangle
as but not limited to blades, impellers, pulleys,
and sprockets, must be securely attached.
hands, feet, hair, clothing, or accesso-
ries.
Traumatic amputation or severe lacera-
tions can result.
• Operate equipment with guards in place. WARNING
• Keep hands and feet away from rotating parts.
• Tie up long hair and remove jewelry. Prolonged or repeated contact with used
• Do not wear loose-fitting clothing, dangling motor oil could cause injury.
drawstrings, or items that could become entan- • Used motor oil has been shown to cause skin
gled in the equipment. cancer in certain laboratory animals.
• Thoroughly wash exposed areas with soap and
water.
WARNING
Charging batteries produce hydrogen

gas. Do not store or charge a battery
near an open flame or device that uti-
lizes a pilot light or can create a spark.
WARNING
Kerosene and its vapors are extremely

flammable and should be handled with the
same precautions as gasoline.
WARNING
Damaged, worn, or loose fuel compo-

nents can leak fuel. Explosion or fire
could result.
• All fuel components should be in good condi-

tion and properly maintained.
• Repairs should only be made with factory
approved parts.
• Repair work should be done by a qualified
technician.
• Flexible supply lines should be checked regu-
larly to make sure they are in good condition.

BRIGGS & STRATTON
NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
YOUR KEY TO THE WORLD’S FINEST ENGINES
This chart explains the unique Briggs & Stratton numerical model designation system. It is possible to determine most of the
important mechanical features of the engine by merely knowing the model number. Here is how it works:
A. The first one or two digits indicate the approximate CUBIC INCH DISPLACEMENT.
B. The first digit after the displacement indicates the BASIC DESIGN SERIES, relating to
cylinder construction, ignition, general configuration, etc.
C. The second digit after the displacement indicates ORIENTATION OF CRANKSHAFT.
D. The third digit after the displacement indicates TYPE OF BEARINGS, and whether or
1
not the engine is equipped with REDUCTION GEAR or AUXILIARY DRIVE.
E. The last digit indicates the TYPE OF STARTER.
BRIGGS & STRATTON MODEL NUMBERING SYSTEM
A
FIRST DIGIT
AFTER DISPLACEMENT
B
SECOND DIGIT
AFTER DISPLACEMENT
C
THIRD DIGIT
AFTER DISPLACEMENT
D
FOURTH DIGIT
AFTER DISPLACEMENT
E
1
PTO BEARING,
REDUCTION GEAR,
CUBIC INCH BASIC CRANKSHAFT AUXILIARY DRIVE,
DISPLACEMENT DESIGN SERIES ORIENTATION LUBRICATION TYPE OF STARTER
2 0 0 to 4 - Horizontal Shaft 0 - Plain Bearing/DU 0 - Without Starter
5 1 5 to 9 - Vertical Shaft Non–Flange Mount 1 - Rope Starter
6 2 A to G - Horizontal Shaft 1 - Plain Bearing 2 - Rewind Starter
8 3 H to Z - Vertical Shaft Flange Mounting 3 - Electric Starter
4 2 - Sleeve Bearing Only
9
5 Flange Mounting 110 or 230 Volt
10 6 Splash Lube Gear Drive
11 7 3 - Ball Bearing 4 - Electric Starter/
12 8 Flange Mounting 110 or 230 Volt
13 9 Splash Lube Gear Drive with
15 A to Z
4 - Ball Bearing Alternator
16 Flange Mounting 5 - Electric Starter
18 Pressure Only
19 Lubrication 12 or 24 Volt
20 5 - Plain Bearing Gear Drive
21 Gear Reduction 6 - Alternator Only
22 (6 to 1) CCW 7 - Electric Starter
23 Rotation 12 or 24 Volt
Flange Mounting Gear Drive with
24
6 - Ball Bearing Alternator
25
Gear Reduction 8 - Vertical Pull
28 (2 to 1) CCW Starter or
29 Rotation Side Pull Starter
30 7 - Plain Bearing 9 - Mechanical
31 Pressure Starter
32 Lubrication A - Electric Starter
35 8 - Plain Bearing 12 or 24 Volt
38 Auxiliary Drive Gear Drive with
40 (PTO) Alternator and
42 Perpendicular to Inverter
Crankshaft
43
9 - Plain Bearing
44
Auxiliary Drive
46 Parallel to
47 Crankshaft
49 A - Plain Bearing
52 Pressure
54 Lubrication
58 Without Oil Filter
61
EXAMPLE - To identify Model 303447:

30 3 4 4 7
30 Cubic Inch Design Series 3 Horizontal Shaft Ball Bearing Electric Starter
Flange Mounting 12 or 24 Volt Gear Drive
Pressure Lubrication with Alternator
TYPE 1234–01, The type number identifies the engines mechanical parts, color of paint, decals, governed speed, and Original Equipment
Manufacturer.
CODE 01061201, The code is the manufacturing date and is read as follows:
YEAR MONTH DAY ASSEMBLY LINE AND MANUFACTURING PLANT
01 06 12 01
Revised 12/08

ENGINE MAINTENANCE
Fuel and Oil Recommendations Oil must meet these requirements:
Fuel must meet these requirements: • Briggs & Stratton Warranty Certified oils
• Clean, fresh, unleaded gasoline. are recommended for best performance.
• A minimum of 87 octane / 87 AKI • Other high-quality detergent oils are
1 (90 RON). acceptable if classified for service SF,
• Gasoline with up to 10% ethanol SG, SH, SJ or higher.
(gasahol) or up to 15% MTBE (methyl • Do not use special additives.
tertiary butyl ether) is acceptable.
Outdoor temperatures determine the proper oil
1 • NOTICE: Do not use unapproved
gasoline, such as E85. Do not mix oil in
viscosity for the engine. Use the chart (Figure 1)
to select the best viscosity for the outdoor
gasoline or modify the engine to run on temperature range expected.
alternate fuels. This will damage the
engine components and void the
engine warranty.
To protect the fuel system from gum formation,

mix a fuel stabilizer into the fuel. All fuel is not the
same. If starting or performance problems occur,
change fuel providers or change brands. This
engine is certified to operate on gasoline. The
emissions control system for this engine is EM
(Engine Modifications).
High Altitude
At altitudes over 5,000 feet (1524 meters), a Figure 1
minimum 85 octane / 85 AKI (89 RON) gasoline
is acceptable. To remain emissions compliant,
high altitude adjustment is required. Operation
without this adjustment will cause decreased
performance, increased fuel consumption, and
increased emissions.
Operation of the engine at altitudes below 2,500
feet (762 meters) with the high altitude kit is not
recommended.
Fresh Start® Fuel Cap

Some engines are equipped with a Fresh Start®
fuel cap. The Fresh Start fuel cap is designed to
hold a cartridge (sold separately) that contains
fuel stabilizer.

Maintenance Chart Flywheel Brake
Model Series 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000
First 5 Hours Vertical Shaft
• Change oil
The flywheel brake is part of the safety control
Every 8 Hours or Daily system required for some applications. While
running at FAST speed position, the flywheel
• Check engine oil level brake MUST stop the engine within three 1
• Clean area around muffler and seconds, when the operator releases the
controls equipment safety control.
• Clean finger guard Test Brake Torque
Every 25 Hours or Annually 1. Disconnect spark plug wire. 1
2. Unscrew and/or pry off static guard
• Clean air filter* (A, Figure 2).
• Clean pre-cleaner* 3. Unscrew and remove fuel tank (B).
Every 50 Hours or Annually
• Change engine oil
• Check muffler and spark arrester
Annually
• Replace air filter
• Replace pre-cleaner
• Replace spark plug
• Replace fuel filter
• Clean air cooling system*
* In dusty conditions or when airborne debris is

present, clean more often.
Figure 2
4. Remove dipstick and oil fill tube

(A, Figure 3).
5. Unscrew and remove blower housing/
rewind assembly (B).

1
1
Figure 3
Figure 4
6. Using a torque wrench and socket to fit the
flywheel nut, turn flywheel clockwise with
brake engaged. While turning at a steady 4. Inspect brake pad on brake lever. Replace
rate, torque reading should be 26 lb.-in. brake assembly if thickness is less than
(3 Nm) or higher. 0.09” (2.28mm).
7. If reading is low, check thickness of brake 5. Test stop switch as described in Section 2.
pad. Replace brake assembly if thickness 6. Test electric starter interlock switch as
is less than 0.09” (2.28mm). described in Section 2.
8. If brake pad thickness is acceptable,
adjust control cable to position pad closer
to flywheel when safety control is in RUN
position.
Assemble Flywheel Brake
9. Replace brake assembly if correct
adjustment cannot be made. 1. Install brake assembly on cylinder and
torque mounting screws to values listed in
Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
Inspect Brake and Switches 2. Install stop switch wire and bend end of
1. Disconnect spring from brake anchor wire 90°. Install wires on interlock switch, if
(A, Figure 4). equipped.
2. Disconnect stop switch wire from stop 3. Install brake spring.
switch (B). If engine is equipped with an 4. Actuate brake system to ensure proper
electric starter, disconnect both wires from movement, then test brake torque as
the starter interlock switch (C). previously described.
3. Remove two screws (D) from brake 5. Install blower housing/rewind assembly,
bracket and remove bracket. install dipstick tube and dipstick, and
install fuel tank and static guard. Torque
all screws to values listed in Section 12 -
Engine Specifications.
10

Combustion Chamber 2. Gently tap air filter cartridge on a hard
Remove combustion chamber deposits every surface to loosen debris. Replace
500 hours or whenever the cylinder head is cartridge if very dirty.
removed. 3. Wash foam filters and pre-cleaners in
With the piston at Top Dead Center (TDC), warm, soapy water, then rinse and allow
scrape deposits from top of piston and upper to air dry. Saturate foam filters in clean
bore with a plastic scraper. engine oil, then squeeze out access oil.
DO NOT OIL PRE-CLEANERS.
Remove the loosened deposits from around the
top ring land area using compressed air or a 4. Drain and clean oil bath reservoirs, then
1
shop vacuum and a soft bristle brush. re-fill with clean engine oil.
5. Reassemble the air cleaner system.
NOTICE: Use care to prevent debris from

Figures 5 through 16 illustrate the various air
cleaner systems found on Briggs & Stratton 1
entering push rod or oil return cavities in cylinder. single-cylinder OHV engines.
Do not damage bore, top of piston, cylinder
head, or cylinder head gasket surfaces.
It is not necessary to remove the discoloration

marks on the piston, valves, and/or cylinder
head. These marks are normal and will not affect
engine operation.
Air Filter
A correctly serviced air filter protects internal
engine parts from airborne dirt and dust. Poor Figure 5
filter maintenance will allow dirt and dust to be
drawn into the engine, causing wear to the intake
system and contamination of the oil. Dirt in the oil
forms an abrasive mixture which wears down
moving parts.
NOTE: Snow engines do not have an air cleaner
assembly. Please refer to Snow Hood
Maintenance for disassembly procedures
WARNING
Gasoline and its vapors are extremely

Fire or explosion can cause severe Figure 6
burns or death.
• Never start or run the engine with the air

cleaner assembly or the air filter removed.
NOTE: Do not use pressurized air or solvents to

clean the filter. Pressurized air can damage the
filter and solvents will dissolve the filter.
1. Disassemble air cleaner system.
11

1
1
Figure 10
Figure 7
Figure 11
Figure 8
Figure 12
Figure 9
12

1
Figure 15 1
Figure 13
Figure 16
Inspection
1. Check hood for cracks or worn mounting
holes. Replace if necessary.
2. Check primer hose for brittleness or leaks
and check stop switch and wire for
Figure 14
damage. Replace parts as necessary.
Install
Snow Hood 1. Connect stop switch wire (C, Figure 15)
and primer hose (D).
assembly. Instead, a 1-piece or 2-piece snow 2. Install hood and fasteners (B).
hood is installed to protect the carburetor area, 3. Install choke knob (A) with tab under knob
retain heat to resist carburetor icing, and provide fitting into slot of hood. Actuate the choke
a mounting surface for engine controls. knob to check for proper movement.
Remove
1. Remove choke knob (A, Figure 15 and
Figure 16).
2. Remove fasteners and hood (B).
3. Disconnect stop switch wire (C) and
primer hose (D).
13

Oil and Oil Filter Spark Plug
WARNING Spark plugs should be replaced every year.
Gasoline and its vapors are extremely

Fire or explosion can cause severe NOTICE
burns or death.
1 Spark plugs have different thread “reach”
• If you drain the oil from the top oil fill tube, the and heat ranges. When changing a spark
fuel tank must be empty or fuel can leak out plug, use only the specified replacement,
and result in a fire or explosion. otherwise engine damage could occur.
• To empty the fuel tank, run the engine until it
1 stops from lack of fuel.
Change oil after the first 5 hours of operation.

NOTE: In some areas, local law requires using
After that, change oil after every 50 hours of
resistor spark plugs to suppress radio frequency
operation. Change oil more often if engine is
interference.
operated in dirty or dusty conditions, under
heavy loads, or in high ambient temperatures. 1. Disconnect spark plug wire.
1. Remove oil drain plug from side or bottom 2. Remove and inspect spark plug for wear
of engine and drain oil while the engine is and damage. Replace spark plug if
still warm. electrodes are burned away, or the
porcelain is cracked.
2. Install drain plug.
3. Do not blast clean spark plugs. Clean by
3. Remove oil filter, if equipped. scraping or wire brushing, and then
• Clean surface of filter mounting adapter. washing in a commercial solvent.
• Apply light coat of clean engine oil to new 4. Using a wire gage, check and set the gap
filter gasket. (A, Figure 15) per Section 12 -
4. Screw new filter on by hand until gasket Specifications.
contacts filter mounting adapter. Then
tighten an additional 1/2 to 3/4 turn.
5. Fill crankcase with the correct amount of
new oil.
6. Start engine and run at idle for a minute or
so.
7. Shut engine off and wait for oil to settle
back into the cylinder.
8. Check dipstick. If necessary, add more oil
slowly to bring level to FULL mark on
dipstick.
Figure 17
5. Re-install spark plug and torque to values

NOTICE listed in Section 12 - Specifications.
6. Connect spark plug wire.
Do not overfill. Overfilling can cause seals
to fail, smoke from the exhaust, or
overheating due to oil foaming.
9. Replace oil fill cap and dipstick.

10. Start and run engine. Check for oil leaks.
14

Cooling System
WARNING
Running engines produce heat.

Severe burns can occur on contact.
1
• Allow muffler, engine cylinder fins, and radiator
to cool before touching.
• Remove accumulated combustibles from muf-
fler area and cylinder area.
Figure 19 - Rotating Screen

1
Dirt or debris can restrict air flow and cause the
engine to overheat, resulting in poor
performance and reduced engine life. Continued
operation with a clogged cooling system can
cause severe overheating and possible engine
damage. Clean these areas yearly or more often
when dust or airborne debris is present (Figures
18, 19, 20).
NOTICE: Do not use water to clean the engine.
Water could contaminate the fuel system. Use a
brush or dry cloth to clean the engine.
Figure 20 - Ducting & Cylinder Fins
Figure 18 - Static Screen
15

ENGINE ADJUSTMENTS
Remote Control Wire Travel

The remote control wire should measure 2.125”
(54 mm) when extended outside the casing
(Figure 21). After installation, the travel of the
remote control wire must be at least 1.375” (35
1 mm) to properly actuate the choke (on Choke-A-
Matic® systems) and the ignition stop switch (if
equipped).
Figure 21
Remote Controls
Horizontal Models 110000, 120000, 150000
1. Loosen casing clamp screw
(A, Figure 22).
2. Move throttle lever to fast position.
3. Move casing in direction of arrow until
slack is removed.
4. Tighten casing clamp screw.
Figure 23
2. Move equipment speed control lever (B) to

FAST position.
3. Move control wire and casing at governor
bracket to align hole (C) in carburetor
control lever with hole in carburetor control
Figure 22 bracket.
4. Tighten casing screw.
Vertical Models 97700, 99700
1. Loosen casing clamp screw (A, Figure 23)
on intake elbow assembly.
16

Vertical Models 110000, 120000 with Primer
Carburetors
(A, Figure 24, Figure 25).
slack is removed.
4. Tighten casing clamp screw. 1
Figure 26 1
Horizontal and Vertical Models 200000,

210000, 280000, 310000, 330000
(C, Figure 27).
2. Set throttle control to FAST position.
Figure 24
3. Move governor control rack (D) until holes
are aligned (B) between control lever (A)
and the control bracket.
Figure 25
Vertical Models Series 110000, 120000 with

Choke-A-Matic® Carburetors
(A, Figure 26). Figure 27
casing stops moving and choke lever (B)
moves to full choke position.
17

Governor Adjustments Top No Load Adjustment Vertical Models
97700, 99700
A complete governor system adjustment
includes a static adjustment, engine warm-up, 1. Place throttle (A, Figure 30 and 31) in
idle and/or governed idle adjustment, and top no- FAST position and insert a 1/8” (3.2 mm)
load adjustment. Be sure to complete all steps. rod (B) through holes in carburetor control
bracket and lever.
Static Adjustment
1. Loosen screw holding governor lever to
1 governor crank (A, Figure 28) or
(C, Figure 29).
2. Rotate throttle linkage from idle position to
wide open throttle. Note direction of
1 rotation of the governor arm attached to
the throttle linkage.
3. While holding linkage at wide open
throttle, use the appropriate tool to rotate
the governor shaft (B, Figure 29) until it
stops in the direction noted in Step 2.
Figure 30
4. Tighten screw holding governor lever to
governor crank per Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
5. Before starting engine, manually actuate
throttle linkage to check for binding.
Figure 31
2. Start engine and measure RPM using

Figure 28
Tachometer #19200 or #19389. Adjust
Top No Load RPM by turning screw (C).
3. Remove 1/8” (3.2 mm) rod.
NOTE: Correct Top No Load RPM for each
model-type-trim can be found in the engine
replacement data on Briggs & Stratton websites.
Figure 29
18

Top No Load Adjustment Vertical Models 3. Hold throttle lever against idle speed
110000, 120000, 150000 with Primer screw and, using Tachometer #19200 or
Carburetors #19389, adjust to 1500 RPM. Release
1. Start engine and run until it reaches throttle lever.
operating temperature.
4. Using Tang Bender #19229 or 19352 bend
2. Place throttle in FAST position. governed idle spring tang to obtain 1750
3. Using Tachometer #19200 or #19389, and RPM (Figure 34).
Tang Bender #19229 or #19352, bend 5. Remove 1/8” rod.
Top No Load spring tang to obtain correct 1
Top No Load RPM (Figure 32).
replacement data on Briggs & Stratton websites. 1
Figure 34
6. Move throttle lever to FAST position. Hole

in lever will line up with hole in governor
control bracket (Figure 35). Insert a 1/8”
rod through holes to lock lever in this
Figure 32 position.
Idle and Top No Load Adjustment Vertical

Models 110000, 120000, 150000 with Choke-
A-Matic® Carburetors
1. Start engine and run until it reaches
operating temperature.
2. Place throttle in SLOW position. Hole in
lever will line up with hole in governor
control bracket (Figure 33). Insert a 1/8”
rod through holes to lock lever in this
position.
Figure 35
7. Using Tang Bender, bend Top No Load

spring tang to obtain correct Top No Load
RPM.
Figure 33
19

Idle and Top No Load Adjustment Horizontal Idle and Top No Load Adjustment Vertical
and Vertical Models 200000, 210000 Models 280000, 310000, 330000
1. Start engine and run until it reaches All carburetor mixture adjustments should be
operating temperature. made before adjusting governor speeds.
2. Place throttle in SLOW position. 1. Start engine and run until it reaches
3. Hold throttle lever against idle speed operating temperature.
screw, and, using Tachometer #19200 or 2. Place control lever in idle position.
#19389, adjust screw to obtain 1300 RPM.
1 Release throttle lever.
3. Hold throttle in closed position with finger,
adjusting idle speed screw to 1200 RPM.
4. Using Tang Bender #19229 or #19352, 4. Release throttle.
bend governed idle spring tang to obtain 5. Set control to 1750 RPM and bend tang
1750 RPM (Figure 36). (A, Figure 38) until it contacts remote
1 control slide (B).
6. Using Tang Bender #19229 or 19352,
bend spring tang to obtain the correct Top
No Load RPM.
Figure 36
5. Place throttle in FAST position.

6. Adjust screw to obtain correct Top No
Load RPM (Figure 37).
Figure 38
Initial Adjustment (All Models)

1. Install idle speed screws and spring.
Install idle mixture screw and spring.
Figure 37
2. Turn idle mixture screw in until it just
NOTE: Correct Top No Load RPM for each bottoms.
model-type-trim can be found in the engine 3. Then back out screw 1-1/4” turn. This will
replacement data on Briggs & Stratton websites. permit the engine to start.
Final Adjustment (All Models)

1. Install complete air cleaner before starting
engine. Start and run engine for five
minutes at 1/2 throttle to bring engine up
to operating temperature.
20

2. Move equipment speed control to idle Adjust Valve Clearance
position.
3. Turn idle screw to obtain 1750 RPM All Models - Except Vertical Models 110000,
120000 Early Production
minimum.
4. Then turn idle mixture screw clockwise NOTE: Check valve clearance while the engine
slowly until engine begins to slow. is cold.
5. Then turn screw opposite direction until 1. Turn crankshaft counterclockwise until
engine just begins to slow. piston is at top dead center on the 1
6. Then turn screw back to midpoint (Figure compression stroke. This prevents the
39). compression release from holding the
valves open.
2. Insert a narrow screwdriver or rod into the
spark plug hole as a gauge, then slowly
1
turn crankshaft counterclockwise until the
piston has moved down the bore by 1/4”
(6mm).
3. Using a feeler gauge (A, Figure 41), adjust
rocker nut to obtain the clearance as listed
in Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
4. Hold rocker nut and tighten the rocker ball
setscrew (B) to the torque valve shown in
5. Check clearance again and re-adjust, if
necessary.
Figure 39 6. Repeat for other valve.
NOTE: On some models, the nut and setscrew
7. Install limiter cap (if equipped) on idle
are positioned above the push rod ends.
mixture screw (Figure 40).
Figure 41
Figure 40
8. Move equipment speed control from idle to

high speed position.
9. Engine should accelerate smoothly. If it
doesn’t, open idle mixture screw 1/8 turn
open.
21

Vertical Models 110000, 120000 Early
Production
1. Using a feeler gauge (A, Figure 42) adjust
the locking hex nut (B) to obtain the
correct clearance as listed in Section 12 -
2. Repeat for other valve.
Figure 42
- OR -
1. Loosen jam nut (A, Figure 43) at base of
rocker arm stud. Then, using a feeler
gauge (B), turn rocker arm screw (C) to
obtain the correct clearance as listed in
2. Hold the screw and tighten the jam nut to
value shown in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
3. Check clearance again and re-adjust, if
necessary.
Figure 43
22

SECTION 2 - TROUBLESHOOTING
SYSTEMS CHECK- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -25
CHECK IGNITION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25
CHECK CARBURETION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26
CHECK COMPRESSION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -28

2
EQUIPMENT USED FOR TESTING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28 2
ALTERNATOR SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29
ALTERNATOR IDENTIFICATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 30
FLYWHEEL IDENTIFICATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
TESTING ALTERNATOR OUTPUT- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
.5-AMP DC ONLY ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
3-AMP DC ONLY ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
14-VOLT AC ONLY ALTERNATOR- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34
DUAL CIRCUIT ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 35
TRI-CIRCUIT ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36
5 & 9 AMP DC REGULATED ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38
10 & 16 AMP DC REGULATED ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 39
20 AMP DC REGULATED ALTERNATOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 41
ELECTRIC STARTERS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -43
SYSTEM 3® AND SYSTEM 4® - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 43
12 VOLT DC STARTER MOTOR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 45
120 VOLT AC STARTER MOTOR- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 46
BATTERIES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -47
BATTERY AND CABLE RECOMMENDATIONS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 47
BATTERY INSTALLATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 47
CHARGING BATTERY- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 47
TESTING BATTERY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
EQUIPMENT AFFECTING ENGINE OPERATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -49
23

OIL GARD SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49
ENGINE WILL NOT START - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49
ENGINE STARTS AND RUNS WITH LOW OIL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50
2
2
24

SYSTEMS CHECK
Most complaints concerning engine operation
can be classified as one or a combination of the
following:
• Will not start
• Hard starting
• Lack of power
• Runs rough
• Vibration
2
• Overheating
• High oil consumption
2
The source of most of these symptoms can be
determined by performing a systems check in the
following order: Figure 1
1. Ignition
2. Carburetion
3. Compression Engine Running
This check-up can usually be done in a matter of If engine runs but misses during operation, a
minutes. It is the quickest and surest method of quick check to determine whether the ignition is
determining the cause of failure. at fault can be made by installing Ignition Tester
#19368 between the spark plug lead and spark
plug (Figure 2). If spark is good but engine
NOTE: What appears to be an engine misses, install a new spark plug.
malfunction may be a fault of the powered
equipment rather than the engine. If the
equipment is suspect, see Equipment Affecting
Engine Operation.
1) Check Ignition
Engine Stopped
With spark plug installed, attach Ignition Tester
#19368 to spark plug lead and ground the other
end of the tester (Figure 1). Pull the starter rope
or activate the electric starter (if equipped). If
spark jumps the tester gap, you may assume the
Figure 2
ignition system is functioning satisfactorily.
If spark does not occur, look for:
• Improperly operating interlock system
• Shorted equipment or engine stop switch
wire
• Incorrect armature air gap
• Armature failure
25

2) Check Carburetion Solenoid Plunger Test
Before making a carburetion check, be sure the NOTE: The solenoid requires a minimum of 9
fuel tank has an ample supply of fresh, clean Volts DC to function.
gasoline. 1. Remove the fuel shut off solenoid from the
Be sure the shutoff valve, if equipped, is open carburetor.
and fuel flows freely through the fuel line. If fuel 2. Place a jumper wire on either terminal of a
fails to flow or is slow, check for plugged fuel cap 9 Volt battery and on one of the pins of the
vent, fuel line restriction or plugged fuel filter. solenoid connector.
Be sure throttle and choke controls are properly 3. Place another jumper wire on the other pin
adjusted. in the solenoid connector and on the other
If engine cranks but will not start, remove and terminal on the battery (Figure 3).
2 inspect the spark plug.
2 If plug is wet, look for:
• Over choking
• Excessively rich fuel mixture
• Water in fuel
• Float needle valve stuck open
• Plugged air cleaner
• Fouled spark plug
If plug is dry, look for: Figure 3
• Leaking carburetor or intake manifold
gaskets • Plunger should retract freely, or with very
light fingertip pressure.
• Gummy or dirty carburetor, fuel filter, fuel
lines or fuel tank • When battery connection is removed,
plunger should extend.
• Float needle valve stuck closed
• Replace solenoid if plunger sticks or
• Inoperative fuel pump (if equipped)
does not move.
• Inoperative fuel shut off solenoid (if
equipped) Solenoid Wiring Test
1. Set multimeter to DC Volts position.
A simple check to determine if the fuel is getting 2. With key switch OFF, disconnect solenoid
to the combustion chamber through the wiring connector (A, Figure 4).
carburetor is to remove the spark plug and pour 3. Attach meter test leads (B) to pins inside
a small quantity of gasoline through the spark wiring connector.
plug hole. Replace the plug. If the engine fires a
few times and then stops, look for the same
conditions as for a dry plug.
Testing Fuel Shut Off Solenoid

The fuel shut off solenoid is controlled by the
equipment ignition switch. With the switch OFF,
the solenoid plunger closes, stopping the fuel
flow at the fixed main jet. With the switch in the
ON and START positions, the solenoid plunger
opens, allowing normal fuel flow. If operating
properly, the solenoid will click when the switch
is turned ON and OFF.
If solenoid does not click, the problem could be
the equipment wiring, engine wiring or the
Figure 4
solenoid. To determine which is the problem,
perform the following tests in the order shown.
26

4. Turn key switch ON. Meter should display
battery voltage.
If meter does not display battery voltage, the
problem is with the solenoid wiring, equipment
wire harness, or the keyswitch. Repair or replace
as required.
3) Check Compression
Use Leakdown Tester #19545 to check the
sealing capabilities of the compression
components.
Follow the instructions provided with the tester to
2
perform the leakdown test.
NOTE: Any air leaks at the connections or
2
fittings of the tester will affect the accuracy of the
test.
Listen for air leaking from the cylinder head
gasket, carburetor, exhaust system, and the
crankcase breather tube.
• Air flowing between the cylinder and
cylinder head indicates that the cylinder
head gasket is leaking.
• Air flowing from the carburetor indicates
air is leaking past the intake valve and
seat.
• Air flowing from the exhaust system
indicates air is leaking past the exhaust
valve and seat.
• Air flowing from the crankcase breather
tube or high oil fill dipstick tube indicates
air is leaking past the piston rings.
Possible Causes for Poor Compression:
• Loose cylinder head bolts
• Blown head gasket
• Burned valves, valve seats and/or loose
valve seats
• Insufficient tappet clearance
• Warped cylinder head
• Warped valve stems
• Worn bore and/or rings
• Broken connecting rod
27

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Equipment Used for Testing

Digital Multimeter
A digital multimeter is recommended for all
electrical testing of Briggs & Stratton engines.
The meter can be used to read volts, ohms,
amperes, and to test diodes.
The Fluke® Digital Multimeter #19464 and the
UNI-T® Digital Multimeter #19581 are available
2 from your Briggs & Stratton source of supply. Figure 6
2 NOTICE: The digital multimeters are equipped
Starter Motor Test Fixture
with fuses to prevent damage to the meter if the
A starter motor test fixture may be made from
input limits are exceeded. Check the fuses if the
1/4” (6mm) steel stock (Figure 7).
meter displays a reading of 0.00 when testing
DC Volts output. 1. Extra hole for mounting starter brackets
Refer to the Fluke® Operator’s Manual for this (A).
procedure. Replacement fuses #19449 for Series 2. Drill two 3/8” (10mm) holes for starter
II meters or #19571 for Series III meters are mounting bracket (B).
available from your Briggs & Stratton source of 3. Drill two holes for mounting Tachometer
supply. #19200. Drill and tap the holes for 1/4-20
The UNI-T® Operator’s Manual lists the fuse NC screws (C).
replacement procedure and type of replacement
fuses required.
DC Shunt
The Fluke® meter will withstand DC input of 10-
20 amps for up to 30 seconds.
The UNI-T® meter will withstand DC input of 10
amps for up to 10 seconds.
When checking DC output on 10 and 16 amp
regulated systems, the DC Shunt #19468
(Figure 5) is required to avoid blowing a fuse in
either of the meters.
Figure 7
Other Equipment
A growler or armature tester (checks armature
for continuity, shorts, and opens) is available
Figure 5 from an Automobile Diagnostic Service supplier.
Also, a known good 12 Volt battery is required
Tachometer when testing starting systems or alternators.
Tachometers #19200 (A) or #19389 (B, Figure 6)
are available from your Briggs & Stratton source
of supply.
28

Alternator System Diagnosis
Complaint Possible Causes

Battery Not
Charging • Engine RPM too low.
• Inline fuse “blown” (if equipped)
• Defective or damaged battery (shortened battery cells)
• Loose, pinched, or corroded battery ground leads or charge
leads
• Open, shorted, or grounded wires between output
connector and battery
• Defective diode (open or shorted) 2
• Diode installed incorrectly (reversed)
• Defective or improperly grounded regulator-rectifier
2
• Excessive current draw from accessories
• Weak or damaged alternator magnets
Battery
Overcharged • Severe battery vibration (missing or broken tie-down
straps)
• Battery rate of charge not matched to alternator output
• Damaged battery (shorted battery cells)
• Defective regulator
• 1-Ohm resistor shorted or grounded (Tri-Circuit system
only)
Headlamps Not
Working • Inline fuse “blown” (if equipped)
• Defective headlamps
• Loose or corroded wires
• Open, shorted, or grounded wires between output
connector and electric clutch
• Light switch defective
• Defective diode Tri-Circuit system (open or shorted – white
output lead side).
Electric Clutch
Not Working • Inline fuse “blown” (if equipped)
(Tri-Circuit • Loose or corroded wires
• Open, shorted or grounded wires between output
Alternator)
connector and electric clutch.
• Defective diode (open or shorted – red output lead side)
• Defective electric clutch switch
• Open, shorted, or grounded clutch circuit
29

Alternator Identification
The alternator systems installed on Briggs & Stratton OHV Engines can easily be identified by the color of
the stator output wires and the connector.
Alternator Stator Connector Alternator Output Figure

Type Output Color (at 3600 RPM *) #
Wire(s) * Unless Noted
Color
2 DC Only Black White .5 Amp DC + Output at 2800 8
2 RPM
AC Only Black White 14 Volts AC (Lights) 9

Unregulated
DC Only Red Red 2-4 Amps + DC (Charging) 10

Unregulated
Dual Red White 2-4 Amps + DC (Charging) 11

Circuit Black Unregulated
14 Volts AC (Lights)
Unregulated
Tri-Circuit Black Green 5 Amps + DC (Charging) 12

5 Amps – DC (Lights)
Regulated Black Green *1-5 Amps + DC (Charging) 13

5 Amp Regulated
Regulated Black Green *1-9 Amps + DC (Charging) 13

9 Amp Regulated
*Alternator output is determined by the size of the flywheel alternator magnets.
30

1. 0.5 Amp DC Only (Figure 8)
• Unregulated
• Output at 2800 RPM
• .5 Amps DC for charging battery
• One black lead (A) from stator
• White connector (B) output lead
2
2
Figure 10
4. Dual Circuit (Figure 11)

• 3 Amps DC unregulated for charging
Figure 8 battery, red lead from stator (A)
• 14 Volts AC for lighting circuit, black lead
2. 14 Volt AC Only (Figure 9)
from stator (B)
• 14 Volts AC for lighting circuit
• Diode encased at connector
• One black lead from stator (A)
• White connector (E) with two pin terminals
• White connector (B) output lead
• White lead (D), AC current for lights
• Unregulated
• Red lead (C), DC current for charging circuit
Figure 11
Figure 9
5. Tri-Circuit (Figure 12)
3. 3 Amp DC Only (Figure 10)
• Stator assembly (A)
• 3 Amps DC unregulated for charging battery
• Black lead from stator (B)
• One red lead (A) from stator
• Connector (C)
• Diode encased at connector
• Two diodes encased in wiring harness (D)
• Red connector (B) output lead
• WHITE lead - 5 Amps DC (-) to lights (E)
• RED lead - 5 Amps DC (+) to battery, clutch
(F)
31

• One red lead (B) from regulator-rectifier
to red connector output lead (A)
• 10 and 16 Amp systems use the same
stator, color coding and regulator-rectifier
• Alternator output is determined by the
flywheel alternator magnet size
2
2
Figure 12
Figure 14
6. 5/9 Amp DC (Figure 13) 8. 20 Amp DC (Figure 15)
• 5 or 9 Amp DC based on size of flywheel • 20 Amps DC regulated for charging
magnet battery
• 5 - 9 Amps DC regulated for charging • Two yellow leads from stator (A)
battery
• Red output lead from connector (B)
• One black lead from stator (A)
• Connector (C)
• Green connector (B)
• Two yellow AC input leads (D)
• Yellow lead (C) to regulator-rectifier (F)
• Regulator Rectifier (E)
• One lead (D) from regulator-rectifier with
red connector (E) • Red output lead from regulator-rectifier
(F)
Figure 13
7. 10/16 Amp DC (Figure 14)

Figure 15
• 10 or 16 Amps DC regulated for charging
battery
• Two black leads (C) from stator
• Yellow connector (D) with two pin
terminals
• Two yellow leads (E) to regulator-rectifier
(F)
32

Flywheel Identification 1. Insert RED test lead into 10 Amp
OHV single cylinder flywheels have a single ring receptacle in meter.
of magnets which provide the magnetic field for 2. Insert BLACK test lead into COM
the various alternator systems, except Model receptacle in meter.
Series 97700, 99700, 121600, 126000 which use 3. Rotate selector to DC Amps position.
the magneto magnet. There are two sizes of
4. Attach RED test clip to output terminal
flywheel magnets. The size of the magnet
(A, Figure 16).
determines alternator output.
5. Attach BLACK test clip to charging lead
The following table identifies the magnet size to
(B) that was disconnected at the
be used with a specific alternator system.
connector.
NOTICE: Do not use large-magnet flywheels
with AC-only, DC-only, or Dual Circuit 2
Alternators. 2
• Small Magnet - Approx. 28/32” x 21/32”
(22mm x 17mm).
• Large Magnet - Approx. 1-3/32” x 29/32”
(28mm x 23mm).
Testing Alternator Output

The following alternator test procedures were
developed using the Fluke® Digital Multimeter.
When performing alternator tests with the
UNI-T® Digital Multimeter, refer to the operating
manual supplied with that meter for the proper
Figure 16
procedure.
All test values will be the same regardless the 6. With engine running at 2800 RPM, output
meter used. should be no less than .5 Amp DC.
7. If low or no output, check stator air gap.
NOTE: Before testing alternator output, use an 8. If stator air gap is within specification and
accurate tachometer to temporarily adjust the there is low or no output, replace stator.
engine speed to the RPM specified in the test
instructions.
When testing alternators, perform the tests in the

following sequence: 3-Amp DC Only Alternator
1. Test alternator output. The DC alternator provides DC current for
2. Test diode(s) or regulator-rectifier (if charging a 12 Volt battery. Current from the
equipped). alternator is unregulated and is rated at 3 Amps.
The output rises from 2 Amps at 2400 RPM to 3
Amps at 3600 RPM.
.5 Amp DC Only Alternator
The .5 Amp, DC alternator is designed to operate
as an integral part of the engine and is separate Test Alternator Output
from the starting and ignition system. It is 1. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 17) into 10
intended to provide DC charging current for a 12 Amp receptacle in meter.
Volt battery. Contact battery or equipment 2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
manufacturer for battery information. receptacle in meter.
3. Rotate selector to DC Amps position.
Test Alternator Output
Disconnect charging lead to battery at connector. 4. Attach RED test lead clip to DC output
terminal connector (C).
33

5. Attach BLACK test lead clip to positive (+)
battery terminal.
NOTE: Negative (-) battery terminal must be

grounded.
2
2
Figure 18
• If meter “Beeps” once, diode is OK.

Figure 17
• If meter makes a continuous tone, diode
6. With engine running at 3600 RPM, output is defective (shorted).
should be between 2 to 4 Amps DC. • If meter displays “OL,” proceed to Step 4.
• Output will vary with battery voltage. If 4. Reverse test leads.
battery voltage is at its maximum, output • If meter “Beeps” once, diode is installed
will be approximately 2 Amps. backwards.
7. If no or low output is found, test diode. • If meter still displays “OL,” diode is
defective (open).
Test Diode 5. If diode tests OK, replace stator.
In the Diode Test position, the meter will display NOTE: Service replacement diode harnesses
forward voltage drop across the diode(s). If are available. Use Rosin Core solder when
voltage drop is less than 0.7 volts, meter will installing new harness. Use shrink tubing or tape
“Beep” once as well as display voltage drop. A for all connections. Do not use crimp connectors.
continuous tone indicates continuity (shorted
diode). An incomplete circuit (open diode) will be
displayed as “OL.”
1. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 18) into
the V Ω receptacle and set the rotary
switch to Diode position.
2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into the COM
receptacle in the meter.
14-Volt AC Alternator
The AC alternator provides current for headlights
3. Attach RED test lead clip to (C) and Black
only. Current for the lights is available when the
test lead clip to point (D). (It may be
engine is running. To check, use 12 Volt lights
necessary to pierce wire with a pin as
with a total rating of 60-100 watts. Alternator
shown.)
output varies with engine speed. With lights rated
at 70 watts, the voltage rises from 8 Volts @
2400 RPM to 12 Volts @ 3600 RPM. The lights
should become brighter as the engine speed
increases.
34

Test Alternator Output Test Alternator Output-AC
1. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 19) into 1. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 20) into
the V Ω receptacle in the meter. the V Ω receptacle in the meter.
2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM 2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
receptacle. receptacle.
3. Rotate selector to AC Volts position. 3. Rotate selector to AC Volts position.
4. Attach RED test lead clip to AC output 4. Attach RED test lead clip to AC output pin
terminal (C). (C).
5. Attach BLACK test lead clip to engine 5. Attach BLACK test lead clip to engine
ground. ground.
2
2
Figure 19
6. With engine running at 3600 RPM, AC Figure 20

output should be no less than 14 Volts.
• If NO or LOW output is found, replace the 6. With engine running at 3600 RPM, AC
stator. output should be no less than 14 Volts.
• If NO or LOW output is found, replace the
stator.
Dual Circuit Alternator Test Alternator Output-DC

Dual Circuit alternators use a polarized plug with NOTE: The battery MUST be in good condition
two pins. One pin provides DC current for to perform this test.
charging the battery, the second pin is an 1. Insert RED test lead into 10 Amp
independent AC circuit for headlights. receptacle in meter.
Current for lights is available when the engine is
2. Insert BLACK test lead into COM
running. The output varies, so brightness of the
receptacle in meter.
lights changes with engine speed. 12 Volt lights
with a total rating of 60 to 100 watts may be 3. Rotate selector to DC Amps position.
used. With lights rated at 70 watts, the voltage 4. Attach RED test lead clip (A, Figure 21) to
rises from 8 Volts @ 2400 RPM to 12 Volts at DC output pin (F) in connector (D).
3600 RPM. Since the battery is not used for the NOTE: The raised rib on the connector or the
lights, the lights are available even if the battery RED wire indicates the DC output pin side. The
is disconnected or removed. AC pin is not used for the test.
Current for the DC side of the alternator is 5. Attach BLACK test lead clip (B) to the
unregulated and is rated at 3 Amps. The output positive (+) battery terminal.
rises from 2 Amps @ 2400 RPM to 3 Amps @
3600 RPM.
35

2
2
Figure 22
Figure 21
6. With the engine running at 3600 RPM,
output should be between 2 - 4 Amps DC. • If meter makes a continuous tone, diode
NOTE: The output will vary with the battery is defective (shorted).
voltage. At maximum battery voltage the output • If meter displays “OL,” proceed to Step 4.
will be approximately 2 Amps. 4. Reverse test leads.
7. If NO or LOW output is found, test diode. • If meter “Beeps” once, diode is installed
backwards.
• If meter still displays “OL,” diode is
Test Diode defective (open).
In the Diode Test position, the meter will display 5. If diode tests OK, replace stator.
forward voltage drop across the diode(s). If
voltage drop is less than 0.7 volts, meter will
“Beep” once as well as display voltage drop. A NOTE: Service replacement diode harnesses
continuous tone indicates continuity (shorted are available. Use Rosin Core solder when
diode). An incomplete circuit (open diode) will be installing new harness. Use shrink tubing or tape
displayed as “OL.” for all connections. Do not use crimp connectors.
2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into the COM Tri-Circuit Alternator
receptacle in the meter. The tri-circuit alternator provides alternating
3. Attach RED test lead clip to point (C) and current (AC) through a single output lead and
Black test lead clip to point (D). (It may be connector to a wiring harness containing two
necessary to pierce wire with a pin as diodes.
shown.) One diode rectifies the AC current to 5 Amps
negative (-) DC for lights. The second diode
rectifies the AC current to 5 Amps positive (+)
DC for battery charging and external loads, such
as an electric clutch.
NOTE: Some original equipment manufacturers
(OEMs) supply diodes as an integral part of the
equipment wiring harness. Some OEMs use a 1
Ohm-20 Watt resistor placed in series with (+)
DC charging lead, limiting the charging current to
approximately 3 Amps when the clutch is not
engaged. When the clutch is engaged, the
36

resistor is bypassed allowing full output to the “Beep” once as well as display voltage drop. A
battery and clutch. continuous tone indicates continuity (shorted
The battery is not used for the lights, so lights are diode). An incomplete circuit (open diode) will be
available even if the battery is disconnected or displayed as “OL.”
removed. Current for the lights is available when
the engine is running. The output varies, so the
brightness of the lights changes with engine Charging Circuit Test (RED Wire)
speed. 1. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 24) into
the V Ω receptacle in the meter. 2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into the COM
receptacle in the meter. 2
2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
receptacle. 3. Attach BLACK test lead clip to (C) of the 2
RED wire (D). (It may be necessary to
3. Rotate selector to AC Volts position. pierce wire with a pin as shown.)
4. Attach RED test lead clip to AC output 4. Insert RED test lead (A) into harness
terminal (C). connector.
5. Attach BLACK test lead clip to engine
ground.
Figure 24
Figure 23 • If meter “Beeps” once, diode is OK.

6. With engine running at 3600 RPM, AC is defective (shorted).
output should be no less than 28 Volts.
• If meter displays “OL,” proceed to Step 4.
• If NO or LOW output is found, replace the
5. Reverse test leads.
stator.
• If meter “Beeps” once, diode is installed
• If alternator output is good, test the
backwards.
diodes in the wiring harness.
• If meter still displays “OL,” diode is
defective (open).
6. If diode tests OK, replace stator.
Test Diode
Lighting Circuit Test (WHITE Wire)
One diode is for the charging circuit, the other
diode is for the lighting circuit.
In the Diode Test position, the meter will display the V Ω receptacle and set the rotary
forward voltage drop across the diode(s). If switch to Diode position.
voltage drop is less than 0.7 volts, meter will
37

2. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into the COM Test Alternator Output
receptacle in the meter. 1. Temporarily disconnect stator wire
3. Attach RED test lead clip to (D) of the harness from the regulator-rectifier.
WHITE wire (C). (It may be necessary to 2. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 26) into the
pierce wire with a pin as shown.) V Ω receptacle in the meter.
4. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into harness 3. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
connector. receptacle.
4. Rotate selector to AC Volts position.
5. Attach RED test lead clip to GREEN
output terminal (C).
2 6. Attach BLACK test lead clip to engine

2 ground.
Figure 25

is defective (shorted).
Figure 26
• If meter displays “OL,” proceed to Step 4.
5. Reverse test leads. 7. With engine running at 3600 RPM, AC
output should be no less than:
• If meter “Beeps” once, diode is installed
backwards. • 28 Volts AC - 5 Amp System
• If meter still displays “OL,” diode is • 40 Volts AC - 9 Amp System
defective (open). 8. If NO or LOW output is found, replace the
6. If diode tests OK, replace stator. stator.
5 & 9 Amp DC Regulated Alternator Test Regulator-Rectifier

The 5 & 9 Amp regulated alternator systems
provide AC current through a single lead into the NOTE: The regulator-rectifier will not function
regulator-rectifier. The regulator-rectifier unless it is grounded to engine. Make sure the
converts the AC current to DC and regulates regulator-rectifier is securely mounted to the
current to the battery. The charging rate will vary engine. When testing regulator-rectifier
with engine RPM and temperature. amperage output, a 12 Volt battery with a
Alternator output is determined by the flywheel minimum charge of 5 Volts is required. There will
alternator magnet size. The stator and regulator- be no output if battery voltage is below 5 Volts.
rectifier are the same for the 5 & 9 Amp
regulated system and the Tri-Circuit System. NOTICE: Connect test leads BEFORE starting
the engine. Be sure connections are secure. If a
test lead vibrates loose while engine is running,
the regulator-rectifier may be damaged.
38

1. Connect stator wire harness to regulator- The stator and regulator-rectifier are the same
rectifier. for the 10 and 16 Amp systems. The system
2. Insert RED test lead into 10 Amp output is determined by the flywheel magnet
receptacle in meter. size.
3. Insert BLACK test lead into COM Test Alternator Output
receptacle in meter. 1. Temporarily disconnect stator wire
4. Rotate selector to DC Amps position. harness from the regulator-rectifier.
5. Attach RED test lead clip (A, Figure 27) to 2. Insert RED test lead (A, Figure 28) into the
RED DC output terminal on regulator- V Ω receptacle in the meter.
rectifier. 3. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
6. Attach BLACK test lead clip (B) to positive receptacle.
2
(+) battery terminal. 4. Rotate selector to AC Volts position. 2
5. Insert RED (A) and BLACK (B) test lead
probes into output terminals (D & E) in
YELLOW connector (C). (Test clip leads
may be attached to either terminal).
6. With the engine running at 3600 rpm, the
output should be no less than:
• 20 volts - 10 Amp System
• 30 volts - 16 Amp System
7. If No or Low output is found, check for
bare wires or other defects. If wiring
defects are not found, replace the stator.
Figure 27
7. Run the engine at 3600 RPM. The output

should be:
• 3-5 Amps - 5 Amp System
NOTE: The amperage produced depends on the
battery voltage. If the battery is below 11 Volts,
the output reading would be 5 or 9 Amps,
depending upon the alternator system being
tested. The amperage will be less at maximum
battery voltage.
8. If NO or LOW output is found, be sure that
the regulator-rectifier is grounded properly Figure 28
and all connections are clean and secure.
If there is still NO or LOW output, replace Test Regulator - Rectifier
the regulator-rectifier.
NOTE: The regulator-rectifier will not function
10 & 16 Amp DC Regulated Alternator unless it is grounded to engine. Make sure the
regulator-rectifier is securely mounted to the
The 10 & 16 Amp regulated alternator system engine. When testing regulator-rectifier
provides AC current through two YELLOW amperage output, a 12 Volt battery with a
output leads to the regulator-rectifier. The minimum charge of 5 Volts is required. There will
regulator-rectifier converts the AC current to DC be no output if battery voltage is below 5 Volts.
and regulates current to the battery. The
charging rate varies with engine RPM and
temperature.
39

NOTICE: Connect test leads BEFORE starting and all connections are clean and secure.
the engine. Be sure connections are secure. If a If there is still NO or LOW output, replace
test lead vibrates loose while engine is running, the regulator-rectifier.
the regulator-rectifier may be damaged.
Use the DC Shunt #19468 (D, Figure 29) to Regulator-Rectifier with Charge Indicator
avoid blowing the fuse in the test meter when The regulator-rectifier #493219 is used by OEMs
testing the DC output of the 16 Amp system. that have a charging indicator light instead of an
The DC Shunt must be installed to the negative ammeter. In addition to the RED DC output wire
(-) terminal of the battery. All connections must (A, Figure 30), the regulator-rectifier has a blue
be clean and tight to obtain accurate readings. wire (B) to activate a charging indicator light
2 1. Connect stator wire harness to regulator- when battery voltage is below 12 volts. The
2 rectifier. connector has a raised rib (C) on the red wire
side to indicate the output side of the connector.
2. Install shunt to negative (-) battery
terminal.
3. Insert RED test lead (A) into V Ω
receptacle in meter. Connect to RED post
terminal (C) on shunt.
receptacle in meter and connect to
BLACK post terminal (E) on shunt.
5. Rotate selector to 300mV position.
Figure 30
The charging indicator light should light when the

key switch in ON and the engine not running.
With the engine running, the charging indicator
light should go out, indicating that the charging
circuit is operating and the battery voltage in
above 12 volts.
The charge indicator light and wiring is supplied
by the OEM.
Figure 29
DC charging output values and test procedures
6. Run the engine at 3600 RPM. The output are the same as those listed for the 10 amp and
should be: 16 amp systems.
NOTE: The amperage produced depends on the

battery voltage. If the battery is below 11 Volts,
the output reading would be 10 or 16 Amps,
depending upon the alternator system being
tested. The amperage will be less at maximum
battery voltage.
7. If NO or LOW output is found, be sure that
the regulator-rectifier is grounded properly
40

20 Amp DC Regulated Alternator DC Output Charging Wire Test
The 20 Amp regulated alternator system A simple test can be used to test the DC output
provides AC current through two output leads to charging wire circuit. If a wiring problem exists, it
the regulator-rectifier. The regulator-rectifier can be corrected before testing the regulator-
converts the AC current to DC, and regulates rectifier.
current to the battery. The charging rate will vary 1. Leave stator wire harness disconnected
with engine RPM and temperature. from the regulator-rectifier.
2. Equipment key switch must be in OFF
position.
1. Temporarily disconnect stator wire
harness from regulator-rectifier. 3. Insert RED test lead into V Ω receptacle in
meter.
2. Insert RED test lead into V Ω receptacle in 2
meter.
receptacle. 2
receptacle. 5. Rotate selector to DC Volts position.
4. Rotate selector to AC Volts position. 6. Attach red test lead probe (A, Figure 31) to
the red wire (G) DC output terminal (E) of
the connector.
7. Attach black test lead probe (B) to
NOTICE negative battery terminal.
8. Turn equipment key switch to ON position.
Attach meter test leads to the AC output
Meter should display Battery Voltage.
terminals (yellow wires) in the connector
BEFORE starting the engine. If the stator is 9. If meter does not display battery voltage,
grounded (defective) and the meter test check for blown fuse or broken or shorted
leads contact the center DC output pin (red wires.
wire) in the connector, arcing could occur,
damaging the wire.
Regulator-Rectifier Test
The DC Shunt #19359 must be installed on the
5. Attach red (A, Figure 31) and black (B) negative (-) battery terminal to avoid blowing the
test lead probes to the yellow wire (C) AC fuse in the meter when testing the output of the
output terminals (D), of the connector (F). 20 amp system. All connections must be clean
and tight for correct readings.
1. Connect stator wire harness to regulator-
rectifier.
2. Install DC Shunt #19359 (D, Figure 32) on
negative (-) battery terminal.
3. Insert RED test lead (A) into V Ω
receptacle in meter and connect to red
post terminal on shunt (E).
receptacle in meter and connect to black
post on shunt (C).
Figure 31
6. If No or Low output is found, check for

bare wires or other defects. If shorted
leads are not visible, replace the stator.
7. With the engine running at 3600 rpm,
output should be no less than 26 volts.
41

2
2
Figure 32
5. Rotate selector to DC volts position.

6. With the engine running at 3600 rpm, the
output should be 3-20 amps.
7. If no or low output is found, be sure that
the regulator-rectifier is grounded properly
and all equipment connections are clean
and secure. If there is still no or low
output, replace the regulator-rectifier.
42

ELECTRIC STARTERS
Before assuming an electric starter requires 4. Starter Motor Blows Fuses - (120 Volt
service, check the engine for freedom of rotation Starter Motor Only)
by removing the spark plug and turning the • Parasitic load
crankshaft over by hand. Any belt, clutch, or
• Shorted rectifier assembly
other parasitic load will affect the starter cranking
performance, so ensure their effects are • Shorted 120 volt extension cord to starter
minimized. motor
The following list is given to aid in diagnosing • Armature shorted
problems for 12 Volt and 120 Volt starting • Overloaded circuit
systems. 2
1. Engine Cranks Slowly
5. Starter Motor Spins But Will Not Stop
• Defective starter switch
2
• Parasitic load affecting performance • Defective solenoid
• Discharged, defective, or incorrect
battery (also, see alternators)
• Faulty electrical connection (battery SYSTEM 3®, SYSTEM 4®
circuit)
Model Series 97700, 99700, 110000,
• Dirty or worn starter motor commutator,
bearing, weak magnets, etc. 120000
• Wrong engine oil viscosity for ambient
temperatures Both of these systems consist of a starter motor
• Defective starter clutch (A, Figure 33), starter switch, interlock switch (B),
• Band brake misadjusted and solenoid (optional). When the starter switch
or solenoid is actuated, the battery supplies
• Battery leads too long or wire diameter power to the starter motor, cranking the engine.
too small When the engine is running, the alternator (C)
• Extension cord longer than 25 feet (7.60 recharges the battery.
mm) (120 volt AC only)
2. Engine Will Not Crank
• Faulty safety interlocks
• Discharged or defective battery
• Faulty electrical connections
• Faulty starter motor switch (open circuit)
• Open circuit in starter motor
• Defective rectifier assembly (120 Volt AC
only)
• Brushes sticking, etc.
• Faulty solenoid
• Blown fuse or tripped breaker at power
source. Figure 33
3. Starter Motor Spins But Does Not Crank
Engine Check Starter Motor Drive and Clutch
When starter switch is activated, pinion gear
• Sticking pinion gear
(A, Figure 34) should rise, engage flywheel ring
• Damaged pinion or ring gear gear, and crank engine. The pinion gear must
• Starter motor clutch slipping rotate counterclockwise, as viewed from gear.
• Incorrect rotation due to reversed motor If starter motor drive does not react properly,
polarity (all motors rotate check helix (B) and pinion gear for free
counterclockwise, as viewed from pinion operation.
gear)
43

2
2 Figure 34
If the pinion gear sticks, clean the helix and gear

with a mild solvent and compressed air. If the Figure 35
pinion continues to stick, replace the entire
starter drive assembly. 4. Using Tachometer #19200 (F), spin the
NOTE: Do not oil the pinion gear or helix. starter motor and note RPMs and
The starter motor clutch is designed to prevent amperage draw. A starter motor in good
damage from shock loads such as engine condition will be:
backfire. If clutch slips while cranking, replace • 1400 RPM (minimum)
the entire starter drive assembly. • 9 Amps (maximum)
If starter motor is not within specifications, it must
Test Starter Motor be replaced.
1. Clamp starter motor test fixture in vise. Test Interlock Switch
2. Remove starter motor from engine and 1. Disconnect interlock switch wires from
mount to fixture (Figure 35). spade terminals on switch.
2. Set meter to Ohms position.
NOTICE: Do not clamp motor housing in a vise 3. Connect meter test leads to two spade
or strike with a hammer. Most starter motors terminals of switch (Figure 36). Meter
contain ceramic magnets that can be damaged if should read no continuity. If switch fails,
the motor housing is hit, deformed, or dented. replace the switch. Push switch lever in
until it clicks. Meter should read low
3. Set meter to DC Amps position. Connect resistance. If switch fails, replace the
the black test lead (C), red test lead (D), switch.
starter motor, battery (E), and meter as
shown in Figure 35.
Figure 36
44

Test Interlock Switch Wiring 12 Volt DC Starter Motor
1. Disconnect interlock switch wires from
spade terminals on switch and at starter Model Series 120000, 150000, 200000,
motor connection. 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000
2. Set meter to Ohms position. These starter motors were produced in three
sizes to provide different cranking speeds and
3. Connect one meter test lead to the end of
torque. The length of the motor housing
one wire connector and other test lead to
determines the output as noted in the following
the opposite connector in the same wire
procedures.
(Figure 37). Meter should read low or no
resistance. Check Starter Motor Drive and Clutch
2
should rise, engage flywheel ring gear, and crank
engine. The pinion gear must rotate 2
counterclockwise, as viewed from gear. If starter
motor drive does not react properly, check helix
and pinion gear for free operation. If the pinion
gear sticks, clean the helix and gear with a mild
solvent and compressed air. If the pinion
continues to stick, replace the entire starter drive
assembly.
NOTE: Do not oil the pinion gear or clutch helix.
The starter motor clutch is designed to prevent

damage from shock loads such as engine
backfire. If clutch slips while cranking, replace
the entire starter drive assembly.
Test Starter Motor

1. Clamp starter motor test fixture in vise.
2. Remove starter motor from engine and
mount to fixture.
NOTICE: Do not clamp motor housing in a vise
or strike with a hammer. Starter motors contain
ceramic magnets that can be damaged if the
Figure 37 motor housing is hit, deformed, or dented.
3. Set meter to DC Amps position.
4. Move the wire inside the connector. Meter
4. Connect the optional starter switch
should not change value.
(A, Figure 38), starter motor, battery (F),
5. Replace or repair wiring if there is black lead (C), red lead (D), shunt (E), and
intermittent or no continuity. Repeat for tachometer (B).
each wire in the harness.
45

3. Disconnect wire from tab terminal on
solenoid.
4. Insert RED test lead into the V Ω
receptacle in the meter and insert BLACK
test lead into COM receptacle in the
meter.
5. Set meter to Diode position.
6. Attach one meter test lead to each stud
terminal (B,C) on solenoid.
2
2
Figure 38
5. Activate starter motor and note readings of

meter and tachometer.Take reading after
meter stabilizes (approximately 2-3
seconds).
6. A starter motor in good condition will be
between the following specs:
• 6500 RPM (minimum) and 35 Amps Figure 39
(maximum)
-OR- 7. Attach one end of jumper lead to positive
• 5000 RPM (minimum) and 20 Amps (+) battery terminal (E).
(maximum) 8. Touch other end of jumper lead to tab
-OR- terminal (D) on solenoid. A click should be
heard as the solenoid switch closes and
• 7000 RPM (minimum) and 24 Amps
the meter should indicate continuity. If
(maximum)
solenoid fails this test, replace it.
If starter motor is not within specifications, it must
be replaced.
120-Volt AC Starter Motor
Model Series 120000, 150000, 200000,
Test Solenoid
210000
Some engines or equipment have a solenoid
mounted to the starter motor or to the frame of The 120-Volt AC starter motors are not
the equipment. serviceable. If a failure occurs, the entire motor/
switch assembly must be replaced. Refer to the
The solenoid is normally open. When the key
appropriate Illustrated Parts List to obtain
switch is turned to the START position, the
replacement part numbers.
solenoid closes, allowing battery current to flow
to the starter motor and crank the engine.
The solenoid may be tested while mounted on
the engine or equipment. A jumper test lead
(A, Figure 39) is required for this test.
1. Key switch must be in OFF position.
2. Remove positive (+) battery cable from
battery and from stud terminal on
solenoid.
46

BATTERIES
A 12 Volt, lead acid, wet cell battery is required
to operate starter motors on Briggs & Stratton
OHV single cylinder engines. This type is
WARNING
available as a wet charge or dry charge battery.
The wet charged maintenance-free battery is Battery posts, terminals, and related
filled with electrolyte and sealed at the time accessories contain lead and lead
production. The level of electrolyte cannot be compounds - chemicals known to the State
checked. of California to cause cancer and
The dry charge battery requires electrolyte to be reproductive harm. Wash hands after
2
added at the time the battery is placed in service.
Before activating a dry charge battery, read and
handling.
2
follow the manufacturer’s recommended
Battery Installation
procedure.
1. Before installing battery, connect all
equipment to be operated.
WARNING
2. Place battery in holder with a flat base.
Storage batteries give off explosive hydro- Tighten holder down evenly until snug. DO
gen gas during recharging. NOT over tighten.
Slightest spark will ignite hydrogen and 3. Connect positive (+) cable to positive
cause explosion. battery post FIRST, to prevent sparks from
Battery electrolyte fluid contains acid and accidental grounding. Tighten connector
is extremely caustic.
securely.
Contact with battery contents will cause
severe chemical burns. 4. Connect negative (-) cable to negative
A battery presents a risk of electrical shock battery post. Tighten connector securely.
and high short circuit current.
• DO NOT dispose of a battery in a fire.

• DO NOT allow any open flame, spark, heat, or Charging Battery
lit cigarette during and for several minutes after 1. Clean the battery of all dirt and corrosion.
charging a battery.
2. Clean, then lightly grease the terminals.
• DO NOT open or mutilate the battery.
• Wear protective goggles, rubber apron, and 3. Bring battery to full charge using a taper
rubber gloves. charge (automatically reduces charge
• Remove watches, rings, or other metal objects. rate).
• Use tools with insulated handles.
NOTE: Do not exceed charge rate of 1/10
Battery and Cable Recommendations ampere for every ampere of battery rating.
These battery size recommendations are based Consult battery manufacturer for maximum
on minimum temperature expected and correct charge recommendations.
weight of oil being used.
• 30 Amp. Hr. +20ºF (-6ºC) or higher NOTE: If battery gets hot to the touch or is
spitting acid (gassing) excessively, unplug
• 40 Amp. Hr. -5ºF (-20ºC) or higher
charger periodically.
• 50 Amp. Hr. -15ºF (-26ºC) or higher
4. With battery fully charged, check specific
These cable sizes are based on total distance gravity readings of each cell with a
from battery positive (+) post to starter switch or temperature-compensated Battery
solenoid and to starter, plus the ground return to Hydrometer (Figure 40). All readings
the battery negative (-) post. should be above 1.250 (compensating for
• #6 AWG - 4 ft. (1.2m) or less temperature). If specific gravity readings
• #5 AWG - 5 ft. (1.5m) or less vary by .050 or if all cells read less than
1.225, replace battery.
• #4 AWG - 6 ft. (1.8m) or less
47

2
2 Figure 40
Testing Battery
Set the digital multimeter to DC volts position.
Test the battery while installed in the equipment.
1. Disconnect wire from spark plug and
ground ignition using Ignition Tester
#19368.
2. Attach RED meter test clip to positive (+)
battery terminal. Attach BLACK meter test
lead to negative (-) battery terminal.
3. Turn switch to START. Meter should
display 9 volts or more while cranking
engine. If less than 9 volts, replace
battery.
NOTICE: To prevent damage to the starter

motor, do not crank starter for more than 15
seconds without allowing starter to cool at least 2
minutes.
48

EQUIPMENT AFFECTING ENGINE OPERATION
Frequently, what appears to be a problem with OIL GARD SYSTEMS
engine operation, such as hard starting or
vibration, may be the fault of the equipment
rather than the engine itself. Below are some Engine Will Not Start, On/Off Switch Light
Flashes
common symptoms and potential equipment-
1. Check engine oil level. If oil is between
related sources.
ADD and FULL, go to next step. If low,
add oil to bring to FULL mark on dipstick.
Hard Starting or Will Not Start If engine starts and runs, problem
corrected.
1. Check for a loose drive belt or a loose 2
blade, which will counteract engine
cranking effort.
2. Disconnect wire from module to plug and
terminal assembly on crankcase cover.
2
Use Digital Multimeter #19464 to check
2. Check for parasitic load; disengage
resistance.
equipment controls before starting.
3. Rotate selector to (Ohms) position.
3. Check remote throttle/choke control for
proper adjustment. 4. Insert RED test lead into the V Ω
receptacle in the meter.
4. Check interlock system for shorted wires,
loose or corroded connections, or 5. Insert BLACK test lead (B) into COM
defective modules or switches. receptacle.
6. Connect either test lead to plug and
terminal.
7. Connect other test lead to crankcase
Engine Won’t Stop cover (Figure 41). If meter reads Zero
1. Check equipment stop switch. resistance, replace sensor in crankcase
2. Check for loose or disconnected cover. If meter reads some resistance, go
equipment stop switch wire. to next step.
3. Check engine ground wire harness.
Vibration
1. Check for bent or out-of-balance cutter
blades.
2. Check for loose, worn, or damaged drive
belts and pulleys.
3. Check for loose mounting bolts.
Figure 41
8. With module wire disconnected and not

touching ground, try to start the engine. If
engine starts, replace module. If engine
does not start, check Oil Gard wiring for
shorts to ground. Repair as needed.
49

On/Off Switch Light Does Not Flash
1. Check engine oil level. If low, add oil to
bring to FULL mark on dipstick.
2. Try to start engine while shading ON/OFF
switch light from bright light such as
sunlight. If light does not flash, replace
switch. If new switch still does not flash, go
to next step.
3. Check wiring of ON/OFF switch. Wire from
module with spade terminal should be on
“L” terminal. RED ground wire should be
2 on #3 terminal and BLACK wire from
2 ignition armature should be on #2
terminal.
Engine Starts and Runs With Low Oil

1. Check wiring of ON/OFF switch per Step 3
in, “Engine Will Not Start and ON/OFF
Switch Light Does Not Flash.” If wiring
is correct, proceed to next step.
2. Check for oil sensor float stuck in open
position per Step 2 in, “Engine Will Not
Start, ON/OFF Switch Light Flashes.” If
stuck, replace. If not stuck, proceed to
next step.
3. Check for opens in wiring. If no opens.
replace module.
50

SECTION 3 - EXHAUST SYSTEMS
SPARK ARRESTORS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -52
MUFFLER SERVICE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -52
HORIZONTAL MODELS 110000, 120000, 150000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52
HORIZONTAL MODELS 200000, 210000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 54
HORIZONTAL MODELS 120000, 150000, 200000, 210000 (SNOW ENGINES) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 55
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 56 3

VERTICAL MODELS 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 (CLAMPED MUFFLER) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58
3
VERTICAL MODELS 280000, 310000, 330000 (BOLT-ON MUFFLER) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 60
51

Some engines are equipped with exhaust
systems (mufflers, brackets, and hardware)
supplied by the OEM. Contact the OEM for
muffler service information.
Exhaust systems covered in this section are
those supplied by Briggs & Stratton.
WARNING
Replacement parts must be the same
and installed in the same position as
3 the original parts or fire could result.
Figure 1
3 Spark Arresters
WARNING MUFFLER SERVICE

Running engines produce heat. Engine Horizontal Models 110000, 120000,
parts, especially mufflers, become
extremely hot.
150000
Severe thermal burns can occur on
contact. Shown is a typical muffler application (Figure 2).
Combustible debris, such as leaves,
grass, brush, etc. can catch fire.
• Allow muffler, engine cylinder fins, and radiator to
cool before touching.
• Remove accumulated debris from muffler area
and cylinder fins.
• It is a violation of California Public Resource
Code, Section 4442, to use or operate the engine
on any forest-covered, brush-covered, or grass-
covered land unless the exhaust system is
equipped with a spark arrester, as defined in
Section 4442, maintained in effective working
order. Other States and Federal jurisdictions may
have similar laws. Contact the original equipment
manufacturer, retailer, or dealer to obtain a spark Figure 2
arrester designed for the exhaust system installed
on this engine.
Remove Guard and Muffler

Remove spark arrester (A, Figure 1) for cleaning
1. Remove screws (A, Figure 3) holding
and inspection monthly or every 50 hours. If
muffler guard to muffler.
screen is deteriorated or perforated, it must be
replaced. 2. Remove screw (B) holding muffler guard
to control bracket. Remove muffler guard
and set aside.
52

Install Muffler and Guard
1. Coat threads of pipe with Valve Guide
Lubricant #93963. Thread pipe into
cylinder head exhaust port (A, Figure 5).
2. Coat exposed threads of elbow with Valve
Guide Lubricant #93963. Install elbow (B)
on pipe (C) and tighten securely with
outlet straight out from cylinder head.
3
Figure 3
3
upper muffler bracket to lower muffler
bracket.
Figure 5
3. Coat the threads of the muffler with Valve

Guide Lubricant # 93963, then thread
exhaust muffler into elbow until secure.
4. Place upper muffler bracket over muffler
and on lower muffler bracket. Install
screws (A, Figure 6) and torque to values
listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
Figure 4
4. Unscrew muffler from exhaust elbow and

pipe assembly.
5. Remove and disassemble elbow and pipe
assembly, if required.
Inspect Exhaust System

All exhaust system components must be
inspected whenever the exhaust system is
disassembled. Check muffler mounting bracket Figure 6
and/or muffler adapters for cracked welds or
breakage. Check muffler for split seams, loose 5. Place muffler guard over muffler and start
internal parts, or cracked welds. Replace any screw (A, Figure 7) but do not tighten.
damaged parts with new OEM parts. 6. Line up holes in guard and end of muffler
Never reinstall broken or damaged then start screws (B). Tighten all screws to
components. values listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
53

3 Figure 7
Figure 9
3 3. Remove muffler support screws

(A, Figure 10).
Horizontal Models 200000, 210000

Shown is a typical muffler application (Figure 8).
Figure 8

muffler guard to muffler.
2. Remove screw holding muffler guard to
control bracket. Remove muffler guard Figure 10
and set aside.
4. Remove the exhaust pipe screws, muffler
assembly, and gaskets. Discard gaskets
(Figure 11).
54

Horizontal Models 120000, 150000,
200000, 210000 (Snow Series)
Shown are typical muffler applications
(Figure 12 and Figure 13).
Figure 11
3
Inspect Exhaust System 3
disassembled. Check muffler mounting bracket
Figure 12
breakage. Check muffler for split seams, loose
internal parts, or cracked welds. Replace any
damaged parts with new OEM parts.
Never reinstall broken or damaged
components.

1. Coat mounting screws with Valve Guide
Lubricant #93963.
2. Place new exhaust gasket on cylinder
head and place exhaust pipe flange on
gasket.
3. Install screws at exhaust pipe and torque
to values listed in Section 12 - Engine Figure 13
Specifications.
4. Install muffler support screws and torque
to values listed in Section 12 - Engine Remove Guard and Muffler
Specifications. 1. Remove screws (A, Figure 14) holding
5. Lightly coat muffler guard mounting muffler guard to muffler.
screws with Valve Guide Lubricant 2. Remove screw holding muffler guard to
#93963. control bracket. Remove muffler guard
6. Place muffler guard over muffler and and set aside.
install screws into control bracket and side
of muffler. Torque to values listed in
55

3. Install screws at exhaust pipe and torque
to values listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
4. Install muffler support screws and torque
to values listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
5. Lightly coat muffler guard mounting
screws with Valve Guide Lubricant
#93963.
6. Place muffler guard over muffler and
install screws into control bracket and top
of muffler. Torque to values listed in
3 Figure 14 Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
3. Remove muffler support screws

3 (A, Figure 15).
Vertical Models 97700, 99700, 110000,
120000
Shown is a typical muffler application
(Figure 16).
Figure 15
4. Remove the exhaust pipe screws, muffler

assembly, and gaskets. Discard gaskets.

inspected whenever the exhaust system is Figure 16
breakage. Check muffler for split seams, loose 1. Remove finger guard (A, Figure 17) and
internal parts, or cracked welds. Replace any fuel tank (B) from top of engine.
components.

Lubricant #93963.
gasket. Figure 17
56

2. Remove screws holding muffler guard
(A, Figure 18). Remove guard and set
aside.
Figure 20
3
Figure 18 Inspect Exhaust System
3
3. Remove dipstick and oil fill tube
(A, Figure 19). disassembled. Check muffler mounting bracket
4. Remove blower housing and rewind
starter (B).
components.

Lubricant #93963.
gasket.
Figure 19 3. Start screws (A, Figure 21) at exhaust pipe
but do not tighten.
5. Remove screws (A, Figure 20) holding 4. Start screw (B) in muffler bracket to
exhaust pipe flange to cylinder head. cylinder head.
6. Remove screw (B) holding muffler bracket 5. Start screw (C) in muffler to cylinder
to cylinder head. bracket.
7. Remove screw (C) holding muffler to 6. Torque all screws to values listed in
cylinder. Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
8. Remove muffler assembly and muffler
gasket from cylinder head. Discard
gasket.
Figure 21
57

7. Install blower housing and rewind starter. 3. Remove adapter screws, adapter, and
8. Install oil fill tube and dipstick. gaskets. Discard gaskets.
9. Lightly coat muffler guard mounting
screws with Valve Guide Lubricant
#93963.
10. Place muffler guard over muffler and start
screws (A, B, C, Figure 22). Torque to
values listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
3
3
Figure 22
Vertical Models 210000, 280000,

310000, 330000 with Clamped Muffler
(Figure 23).
Figure 24

Figure 23 and/or muffler adapters for cracked welds or
Remove Muffler
1. Remove muffler brace screws damaged parts with new OEM parts.
(A, B, C, Figure 24) and supports.
2. Loosen muffler clamp (D) and slide muffler components.
off adapter.
58

Install Muffler
1. Lightly coat muffler adapter screws with
Valve Guide Lubricant #93963.
2. Install new gasket and adapter. Install
Specifications.
3
3
Figure 25
3. Install muffler supports and start but do not

tighten screws (A, B, C, Figure 26).
4. Slide muffler and muffler clamp on
adapter.
5. Torque muffler support screws (A, B, C) to
Specifications.
6. Torque muffler clamp (D) to values listed
Figure 26
59

Vertical Models 280000, 310000, Install Muffler
330000 with Bolt-On Muffler 1. Lightly coat muffler adapter screws with
Valve Guide Lubricant #93963.
(Figure 27). 2. Install new gasket and adapter. Install
Specifications.
3
3
Figure 27
Remove Muffler
1. Remove muffler support screw
(C, Figure 28).
Figure 29
2. Bend back tabs (A) on screw lock and
remove mounting screws (B), muffler, and 3. Install muffler screws with new screw lock
gasket. Discard screw lock and gasket. into muffler and place new exhaust gasket
3. Remove adapter screws, adapter, and on end of screws.
gasket. Discard gasket. 4. Place muffler assembly on muffler adapter
and start screws, but do not tighten.
5. Start muffler support screw and hand-
tighten.
6. Torque all screws to values listed in
7. Bend the screw lock tabs up against the
head of the mounting screws.
Figure 28

components.
60

SECTION 4 - FUEL SYSTEMS AND CARBURETION
FUEL SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -62
FUEL PUMP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -63
FUEL FILTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -64
FUEL TANKS AND SHUTOFF VALVES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -64
HORIZONTAL MODELS 110000, 120000, 150000, 200000, 210000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 64
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 65

4
VERTICAL MODEL 210000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 65
CARBURETION- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -67
CARBURETOR IDENTIFICATION- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -67 4

CARBURETOR SERVICE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -68
LMS (97700, 99700, 110000, 120000, VERTICALS) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 68
LMS (110000, 120000, 150000 HORIZONTALS) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 72
READYSTART® (120000 VERTICAL)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 75
LMT (200000, 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 77
NIKKI (280000, 310000, 330000 VERTICAL) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 82
NIKKI LP/NG MIXER (GASEOUS FUELED VERTICAL SHAFT) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86
61

FUEL SYSTEMS
WARNING WARNING
Gasoline and its vapors are extremely Never start or operate engine with air
flammable and explosive. cleaner removed, fire can result.
Fire or explosion can cause severe
burns or death.
4 When adding fuel:

WARNING
• Turn engine OFF and let engine cool for at least 2
minutes before removing the fuel cap. Unintentional sparking can result in
• Fill fuel tank outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. fire or electrical shock.
• Do not overfill fuel tank. To allow for expansion of Unintentional start-up can result in
the gasoline, do not fill above the bottom of the
4 fuel tank neck.
entanglement, traumatic amputation,
or severe lacerations.
• Keep gasoline away from sparks, open flames,
pilot lights, heat and other ignition sources.
• Check fuel lines, tank, cap, and fittings frequently Before performing adjustments or repairs:
for cracks or leaks. Replace if necessary.
• Disconnect spark plug wire and keep it away from
• If fuel spills, wait until it evaporates before starting spark plug.
engine.
• Disconnect the negative (-) battery terminal.
When starting engine:
• Make sure spark plug, muffler, fuel cap, and air
cleaner are in place.
• Do not crank engine with spark plug removed.
• If fuel spills, wait until it evaporates before starting
WARNING
engine.
• If engine floods, set choke (if equipped) to OPEN/ Before servicing the carburetor or other fuel
RUN position. Place throttle (if equipped) in FAST
system components, drain all fuel from the
and crank until engine starts.
tank and turn OFF the fuel valve (if equipped).
When operating equipment:
• Do not tip engine or equipment at an angle which
would cause fuel to spill.
• Do not choke carburetor to stop engine. NOTE: Replace air cleaner gaskets and
• Never start or run the engine with the air cleaner mounting gaskets whenever carburetor is
assembly (if equipped) or the air filter (if removed for service.
equipped) removed.
NOTE: Do not insert a screw in the end of the
When changing oil:
fuel hose to stop fuel flow. Screw threads will
• If you drain the oil from the top oil fill tube, the fuel
loosen rubber particles which will get into the
tank must be empty or fuel can leak out and result
carburetor.
in a fire or explosion.
When transporting equipment: NOTE: Before servicing the carburetor, turn the
• Transport with fuel tank empty or with fuel shut-off fuel shutoff valve to the OFF position.
valve set to OFF.
When storing gasoline or equipment with fuel in
the tank:
• Store away from furnaces, stoves, water heaters,
or other appliances that have a pilot light or other
ignition source because they can ignite gasoline
vapors.
62

Fuel Pump
The fuel pump, mounted near the blower housing
and the air cleaner cover, allows remote fuel tank
installations on some engines. The pump is
operated by vacuum pulses from the engine.
NOTE: The fuel pump itself is not serviceable. If

the pump does not operate after inspection and
proper installation, replace the pump.
Removal
1. Close the fuel shut-off valve, if equipped.
2. Release clamps and disconnect fuel lines 4
(A, Figures 1 and 2) and vacuum line (B)
from the fuel pump (C).
3. Disassemble shut-off valve and fuel filter, Figure 1
if equipped, from hoses and set aside.
4. Remove the two screws that secure the
fuel pump and mounting bracket. 4
Inspection
Inspect fuel pump for:
• Restrictions or leaks in vacuum or fuel
lines
• Cracks or distortion in pump body or
base.
• Stiff or brittle hoses.
Check shutoff valve and filter for damage or
contamination, and replace parts as necessary.
Figure 2
Installation
1. Install two screws in fuel pump and
mounting bracket and torque to values
Specifications.
2. Reassemble shutoff valve and fuel filter, if
equipped, to fuel line. Secure with clamps.
3. Connect vacuum line (B) and fuel lines (A)
to the fuel pump (C). Secure with clamps.
4. Start engine and inspect fuel pump and
hose connections for leaks.
63

Fuel Filter
Some engines are equipped with a fuel filter
(Figure 3) mounted in-line between the fuel tank
and the carburetor. Replace the filter annually or
whenever fuel system service is performed.
4 Figure 4
4. Release hose clamp and disconnect fuel

hose from carburetor fitting.
5. Place hose in appropriate container, open
Figure 3
4 shut-off valve, and allow fuel to completely
1. Drain the fuel tank or close the fuel shut- drain from tank.
off valve, if equipped. 6. Remove shut-off valve and filter, if
2. Slide the clamps away from the fuel filter. equipped, from hose and set aside.
Twist and pull the fuel lines off of the fuel 7. Remove the mounting screws from tank
filter. Discard filter. support. Carefully slip fuel hose under
3. Check the fuel lines for cracks or leaks. governor link and allow spark plug wire to
Replace if necessary. slip through hole in support as tank is
removed.
4. Install a new filter between the fuel lines
and secure with the clamps. Open the 8. Remove tank support from tank, if
shutoff valve and check for leaks. equipped.
Fuel Tanks and Shut-off Valves Inspection

1. Clean gummy or dirty fuel tanks with
Horizontal Models 110000, 120000, Briggs & Stratton Carburetor Cleaner
150000, 200000, 210000 #100041 or #100042, or equivalent.
2. Inspect fuel tank for:
Removal
1. Close shut-off valve, if equipped. • Corrosion
2. Remove air cleaner assembly per Section • Leaks
1 - Safety, Maintenance, and Adjustments. • Broken mounting brackets
NOTE: Snow engines do not have an air cleaner 3. Check fuel cap and filler neck for:
assembly. Remove the 1 or 2 piece shroud to • Proper seals
gain access to the carburetor.
• Vents
3. Remove screws (A, Figure 4) and the
• Functional quantity gauge (if equipped)
control panel/ trim plate.
4. Check fuel filter for blockage of any kind.
5. Check fuel shut off valve for proper
operation.
Clean or replace parts as required. Fuel filter
replacement is recommended annually or any
time the fuel system is serviced.
64

Installation Inspection
1. Install tank support to tank. Slip fuel hose 1. Clean gummy or dirty fuel tanks with
under governor link and spark plug wire Briggs & Stratton Carburetor Cleaner
through hole in support as tank is #100041 or #100042, or equivalent.
installed. Torque screws to values listed in 2. Inspect fuel tank for:
• Corrosion
2. Assemble shut-off valve and fuel filter, if
• Leaks
equipped, to fuel hose.
• Broken mounting brackets
3. Install hose assembly to tank fitting and
carburetor fitting with new clamps. 3. Check fuel cap and filler neck for:
4. Install control panel/trim plate. Torque • Proper seals
screws to values listed in Section 12 - • Vents
Engine Specifications. • Functional quantity gauge (if equipped) 4
5. Add small amount of fuel to tank, open 4. Check fuel filter for blockage of any kind.
shut off valve, and check for leaks. Repair
5. Check fuel shut off valve for proper
as necessary.
operation
6. Install air cleaner assembly per Section 1.
NOTE: For snow engines, install the 1 or 2 piece
shroud.
replacement is recommended annually or
anytime the fuel system is serviced.
4
7. Start engine and check for leaks. Repair
as necessary. Installation
1. Install fuel hose to tank fitting and secure
with hose clamp. Position tank on engine
and install screws at bottom of tank and
around rewind starter. Torque screws to
Vertical Models 97700, 99700, 110000, values in Section 12 - Engine
120000 Specifications.
2. Install decorative cover with screws or by
Removal snapping tabs into place.
1. Drain the fuel tank.
3. Install gas cap and air cleaner cover.
2. Remove air cleaner cover and gas cap.
4. Partially fill tank with fuel and check for
3. Remove screws and/or pry off the leaks. Repair as necessary.
decorative cover (A, Figure 5) installed on
the blower housing.
4. Remove screws (B) around the rewind Vertical Model 210000
starter and at the bottom of the tank.
Release clamp and pull hose off tank Removal
fitting, then lift tank off engine. 1. Close shut-off valve, if equipped.
2. Move clamp and disconnect fuel hose and
fuel pump fitting. Place hose in
appropriate container, open shut-off valve,
and allow fuel to completely drain from
tank.
3. Move clamp and disconnect fuel hose
from tank fitting. Remove shut-off valve
and filter, if equipped, from hose and set
aside.
4. Remove two bolts with spacers from side
of tank, the remove tank from mounting
bracket.
Figure 5
65

5. If necessary, remove two nuts from
bracket and slide bracket off cylinder head
studs.
Inspection
1. Clean gummy or dirty fuel tanks with
Briggs & Stratton Carburetor Cleaner
#100041 or #100042, or equivalent.
2. Inspect fuel tank for:
• Corrosion
• Leaks
4 • Broken mounting brackets
3. Check fuel cap and filler neck for:
• Proper seals
• Vents
• Functional quantity gauge (if equipped)
4 4. Check fuel filter for blockage of any kind.
5. Check fuel shut-off valve for proper
operation.
replacement is recommended annually or any
time the fuel system is serviced.
Installation
1. Slide mounting bracket (if removed) on
cylinder head studs. Install nuts and
torque to values listed in Section 12 -
NOTE: Bracket is offset to allow clearance for
the intake manifold.
2. Position tank in bracket. Install two bolts
with spacers and torque to values listed in
3. Assemble shut-off valve and fuel filter, if
equipped, to fuel hose.
4. Install hose assembly to fuel pump fitting
and secure with clamp, then install to tank
fitting and secure with clamp.
5. Partially fill tank with fuel and check for
leaks. Repair as necessary.
66

CARBURETION
Carburetor Identification
• Figure 6 - LMS, Models 97700, 99700,
110000, 120000, 150000 Vertical and
Horizontal Shaft
• Figure 7 - ReadyStart®, Models 110000,
120000 Vertical Shaft
• Figure 8, Figure 9 - LMT, Models 200000,
210000, 280000, 310000, 330000
Vertical and Horizontal Shaft
• Figure 10 - Nikki, Models 280000, 4
310000, 330000 Vertical Shaft
• Figure 11 - Nikki LP / NG Mixer Gaseous Figure 8
Fueled Vertical Shaft
Figure 6
Figure 9
Figure 7
Figure 10
67

Carburetor Service
LMS Carburetor
Vertical Models 97700, 99700, 110000,
120000
The exact type of LMS carburetor can be
identified by a number stamped on the edge of
the mounting flange (A, Figure 12). These
carburetors have a fixed high-speed main jet and
a non-adjustable idle mixture (except on early
production models), and are available in manual/
remote choke or Choke-a-Matic® versions.
4
Figure 11
4
WARNING
Before servicing the carburetor or other fuel

Do not attempt to stop fuel flow by plugging the
fuel hose. Figure 12
Remove Carburetor
NOTE: Consult the Illustrated Parts List to obtain

the appropriate carburetor overhaul kit before
WARNING
reassembling the carburetor.
NOTE: Many early carburetors had adjustable system components, drain all fuel from the
needle valves to compensate for high altitude tank and turn OFF the fuel valve (if equipped).
conditions. Later carburetors use replaceable Do not attempt to stop fuel flow by plugging the
main jets to compensate for various high altitude fuel hose.
ranges. See the appropriate Illustrated Parts List
for replacement needle valves or jets.
1. Remove air cleaner assembly per Section
1. Discard the gasket.
from carburetor.
3. Disconnect the Choke-a-Matic® spring, if
equipped, from choke lever (A, Figure 13,
Figure 14).
68

Discard the hinge pin, inlet needle, and
seat.
NOTE: On Model 97700, remove the main jet (A)
and float disc (B) before removing the hinge pin,
float, and needle.
4
Figure 13
4
Figure 15
3. Remove idle speed screw with spring

(B, Figure 16). Remove limiter cap and
idle mixture screw with spring, if equipped.
4. Rotate throttle shaft (C) to the closed
position. Remove throttle valve screws
(F), then remove the throttle valve. Slide
out the throttle shaft with the foam seal.
Figure 14 Discard the seal.
4. Remove two carburetor mounting screws. 5. Grasp choke valve and remove from
choke shaft (A). Slide out choke shaft with
5. Pull carburetor away from the control
the foam seal. Discard the seal.
bracket assembly and rotate it to
disengage the governor link from the 6. With a modified pin punch (E), remove and
grommet on top of the throttle shaft lever. discard Welch plug (D) from carburetor
NOTE: On early production models, the body.
mounting screws also retained the control
bracket. Reinstall these screws to retain the
bracket until the carburetor is reinstalled.
6. Remove the spacer, o-ring, and gasket, if
equipped. Discard the o-ring and the
gasket.
Disassemble Carburetor
1. Remove the fixed main jet (bowl nut) and
fiber washer, then remove the fuel bowl
and the bowl gasket from the carburetor
body. Discard the fiber washer and the
gasket.
2. Remove the float hinge pin (C, Figure 15),
float (D), and inlet needle (E). If the needle Figure 16
has a metal tip, also remove the soft
needle seat in the carburetor body.
69

Inspect and Clean Carburetor Components 2. Install new foam seal (B, Figure 18) on
1. Inspect openings in the carburetor body choke shaft (E), then slide shaft into
for evidence of wear or damage. If found, carburetor body (C). Rotate shaft
replace the entire carburetor assembly. clockwise (A), and insert choke valve into
2. Inspect the choke shaft, choke valve, slot until centered, with dimples (D)
throttle shaft, and throttle valve for positioned as shown. Actuate the choke
evidence of wear or damage. Replace shaft to check for proper movement.
parts as necessary.
3. Using Carb/Choke Cleaner #100041 or
#100042, thoroughly clean the following
components, then follow with compressed
air to dry:
4 • Passages in the fixed main jet (bowl nut)
• Inside and outside of the fuel bowl
• Float
• Choke shaft and choke valve
• Throttle shaft and throttle valve
4 • All passages, openings, and the inside Figure 18
and outside of the carburetor body
3. Install new foam seal (C, Figure 19) on
NOTE: Do not soak non-metallic components, throttle shaft (B), then slide shaft into
such as floats, o-rings, seals, or diaphragms, in carburetor body. Rotate shaft until flat is
carb/choke cleaner or they will be damaged. facing out. Position throttle valve on flat
with numbers facing out (A), then install
4. If any passages remain plugged after screws (D). Actuate the throttle shaft to
cleaning, replace the component or the check for proper movement.
entire carburetor assembly.
Assemble Carburetor
Consult the Illustrated Parts List to obtain the
appropriate carburetor overhaul kit before
1. Install new Welch plug (A, Figure 17) with
a pin punch (B) of slightly smaller
diameter than the plug. Press against the
plug until it is flat in the carburetor
opening. Do not cave in the plug. Seal the
edge of the plug with a non-hardening
sealant.
Figure 19
4. Install idle speed screw and spring. Install

idle mixture screw and spring with a new
limiter cap, if equipped.
5. Using Bushing Driver #19057
(A, Figure 20), install new needle seat with
grooved edge down (B) until firmly seated.
Figure 17
70

3. Place new gaskets or o-rings between
control bracket (D, Figure 22), adapter (if
equipped), and carburetor.
4. Position carburetor on control bracket or
adapter and install screws (C). Torque to
value listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
Figure 20
4
6. Install new inlet needle (E, Figure 21) on
float (D), then position float in carburetor
body. Secure with new hinge pin (C) and
center the pin between the float bosses.
NOTE: On Model 97700, install the flat disc (B)
4
and main jet (A). Figure 22
NOTE: Use new screws or apply Loctite® to

original screws to prevent loosening from
vibration.
5. Connect the Choke-a-Matic® spring (if
equipped) to choke lever
(A, Figure 23, Figure 24).
Figure 21
7. Place new bowl gasket on carburetor body

and install fuel bowl. Place new fiber
washer on fixed main jet (bowl nut) and
install. Torque to values listed in Section
12 - Engine Specifications.
Figure 23
Install Carburetor
NOTE: Always replace air cleaner gaskets and

carburetor mounting gaskets any time the
carburetor has been removed for service.
1. Remove mounting screws from control
bracket, if reinstalled.
2. Hook z-bend of governor link into grommet
on top of the throttle shaft lever.
71

4
Figure 25
Figure 24
Remove Carburetor
6. Connect fuel hose to carburetor and
secure with clamp.
4 7. Using new gasket, install air cleaner
WARNING
assembly to carburetor per Section 1.
Ensure breather hose is properly installed Before servicing the carburetor or other fuel
on the breather tube. system components, drain all fuel from the
8. Adjust carburetor, if applicable, per tank and turn OFF the fuel valve (if equipped).
Section 1. Do not attempt to stop fuel flow by plugging the
fuel hose.


LMS Carburetor assembly. Remove the 1 or 2 piece shroud to
gain access to the carburetor.
150000 from carburetor. Disconnect primer hose,
The exact type of LMS carburetor can be if equipped.
identified by a number stamped on the edge of
the mounting flange (A, Figure 25). These
carburetors have a fixed high speed main jet, a
non-adjustable idle mixture (except on early
production models), and manual/remote choke.
Snow engine carburetors utilize both a primer
and a choke for improved starting in cold
temperatures.
Figure 26
3. Remove two carburetor mounting screws

or nuts (E, Figure 26).
4. Pull carburetor away from the adapter
assembly (C) and rotate it to disengage
72

the governor link from the grommet on top
of the throttle shaft lever (B). Discard
gasket.
1. Remove the fixed main jet (bowl nut) and
fiber washer, then remove the fuel bowl
and the bowl gasket from the carburetor
body. Discard the fiber washer and the
gasket.
2. Remove the float hinge pin (C, Figure 27),
float (A), and inlet needle (B). If the needle
has a metal tip, also remove the soft
4
needle seat in the carburetor body.
Figure 28
Discard the hinge pin, inlet needle, and
seat. Inspect and Clean Carburetor Components
1. Inspect openings in the carburetor body
for evidence of wear or damage. If found,
replace the entire carburetor assembly.
4
2. Inspect the choke shaft, choke valve,
throttle shaft, and throttle valve for
evidence of wear or damage. Replace
parts as necessary.
components, then follow with compressed
air to dry:
• Passages in the fixed main jet (bowl nut)
Figure 27 • Float
3. Remove idle speed screw with spring • Throttle shaft and throttle valve
(B, Figure 28), if equipped.
• All passages, openings, and the inside
4. Rotate throttle shaft (C) to the closed and outside of the carburetor body
position. Remove throttle valve screws
(F), then remove the throttle valve.Slide
out the throttle shaft with the foam seal. NOTE: Do not soak non-metallic components,
Discard the seal. such as floats, o-rings, seals, or diaphragms, in
carb/choke cleaner or they will be damaged.
5. Grasp choke valve and remove from
choke shaft (A). Slide out choke shaft with 4. If any passages remain plugged after
the foam seal. Discard the seal. cleaning, replace the component or the
6. With a modified pin punch (E), remove
Welch plug(s) from carburetor body. Assemble Carburetor
1. Install new Welch plug (A, Figure 29) with
a pin punch (B) of slightly smaller
diameter than the plug. Press against the
plug until it is flat in the carburetor
opening. Do not cave in the plug. Seal the
73

edge of the plug with a non-hardening
sealant.
4
Figure 31
Figure 29
4. Install idle speed screw with spring, if
2. Install new foam seal (B, Figure 30) on equipped.
4 choke shaft (E), then slide shaft into 5. Using Bushing Driver #19057
(A, Figure 32), install new needle seat with
carburetor body (C). Rotate shaft
clockwise (A), and insert choke valve into grooved edge down (B) until firmly seated.
slot until centered, with dimples (D)
positioned as shown. Actuate the choke
shaft to check for proper movement.
Figure 32
6. Install new inlet needle (B, Figure 33) on

float (A), then position float in carburetor
Figure 30 body. Secure with new hinge pin (C) and
center the pin between the float bosses.
3. Install new foam seal (C, Figure 31) on
throttle shaft (B), then slide shaft into
carburetor body. Rotate shaft until flat is
facing out. Position throttle valve on flat
with numbers facing out (A), then install
screws (D). Actuate the throttle shaft to
check for proper movement.
Figure 33
74

7. Place new bowl gasket on carburetor body ReadyStart® Carburetor
and install fuel bowl. Place new fiber
washer on fixed main jet (bowl nut) and Vertical Model 120000
install. Torque to values listed in Section
12 - Engine Specifications. This carburetor utilizes a thermostatically
controlled choke system, requiring no primer or
Install Carburetor manual choking when starting. The linkages
installed in the carburetor are not individually
NOTE: Always replace air cleaner gaskets and serviceable, requiring replacement with a
carburetor mounting gaskets any time the complete carburetor assembly.
1. Hook z-bend of governor link into
grommet on top of the throttle shaft lever.
2. Place new gasket (A, Figure 34) between
Remove Carburetor
4
adapter (B) and carburetor (C).
3. Position carburetor on control bracket and WARNING
install screws or nuts (D). Torque to value
listed in Section 12 - Engine Before servicing the carburetor or other fuel
Specifications. system components, drain all fuel from the
4
Do not attempt to stop the fuel flow by plugging
the fuel hose.

from carburetor.
3. Remove two carburetor mounting screws
(A, Figure 35).
Figure 34
NOTE: Use new screws or apply Loctite® to

original screws to prevent loosening from
vibration.

secure with clamp. Connect primer hose, if
equipped.
5. Using new gasket, install air cleaner
Ensure breather hose is properly installed
on the breather tube.
NOTE: For snow engines, install the 1 or 2 piece Figure 35
shroud.
6. Adjust carburetor, if applicable, per 4. Carefully remove carburetor from control
Section 1. bracket. Rotate the carburetor to
disconnect the choke link, spring, and
governor link.
75

5. Remove gasket (A, Figure 36), spacer, NOTE: Do not disassemble the carburetor body
and o-ring between control bracket and or linkages.
carburetor (B).
Inspect and Clean Carburetor

evidence of wear or damage. If found,
4 3. Using Carb/Choke Cleaner #100041 or
#100042, clean inside and outside
surfaces of carburetor, then follow with
compressed air to dry.
NOTE: Do not soak the carburetor in carb/choke
cleaner or it will be damaged.
4 4. If any passages remain plugged after
cleaning, replace the entire carburetor
assembly.
Figure 36
Assemble Carburetor
Disassemble Carburetor appropriate carburetor overhaul kit before
1. Remove the fixed main jet (bowl nut) reassembling the carburetor.
(A, Figure 37) and fiber washer (B), then NOTE: Always replace air cleaner gaskets and
remove the fuel bowl (C) and the bowl carburetor mounting gaskets any time the
gasket (D) from the carburetor body. carburetor has been removed for service.
Discard the fiber washer and the gasket. 1. Install new hinge pin (E, Figure 38), float
2. Remove the float hinge pin (E), float (F), (F), and new inlet needle (G).
and inlet needle (G). Discard the hinge 2. Install new bowl gasket (D) with the fuel
pin, and inlet needle. bowl (C). Replace the fiber washer (B)
and install the fixed main jet (A).
Figure 37
Figure 38
76

3. Place new gasket (A, Figure 39), spacer, LMT Carburetor
and new o-ring between control bracket
(B) and carburetor (C). Horizontal and Vertical Models
4. Position carburetor on control bracket and 200000, 210000, 280000, 310000,
install screws. Torque to value listed in 330000
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. Two versions of this carburetor have been used
NOTE: Use new screws or apply Loctite® to (Figures 40 and 41).
original screws to prevent loosening from These carburetors have a fixed high speed main
vibration. jet with a screw for idle mixture and idle speed
adjustment. The letters LMT are cast into the
body of the carburetor while the identification
numbers are stamped into the carburetor
mounting flange next to the idle mixture screw or
above the fuel inlet.
4
Figure 39

secure with clamp.
Adjust carburetor, if applicable, per Figure 40
Section 1.
Figure 41
WARNING

Do not attempt to stop the fuel flow by plugging
the fuel hose.
77

Remove Carburetor
1. Disconnect wire(s) from the carburetor
solenoid. Two styles of solenoids have
been used (Figure 42).
Figure 44
4 3. Remove float hinge pin, float, and inlet
needle. Discard the hinge pin and inlet
Figure 42
needle.
2. Remove air cleaner assembly per 4. Screw a 1/4-20 tap into fuel inlet seat 3-4
Section 1. Discard the gasket. turns and remove.
4 3. Move clamp and disconnect hose from 5. Place a hex nut (A, Figure 45) and washer
(B) on a 1/4-20 screw.
carburetor.
4. Remove two carburetor screws or nuts Place 1/4” drive 3/8” socket (C) over fuel
while holding carburetor. inlet seat.
5. Carefully rotate carburetor to disconnect 6. Thread screw into tapped inlet seat until
throttle (A, Figure 43) and spring (B) and screw bottoms. Thread nut down to
the choke link during removal. washer and continue turning nut until inlet
seat is free from carburetor body.
Figure 43
1. Remove solenoid and solenoid washer. Figure 45
Discard washer. Remove float bowl and
float bowl gasket from carburetor. Discard 7. Remove idle mixture limiter cap, when
gasket. used, then remove idle mixture screw with
2. Using Carburetor Nozzle Screwdriver spring and idle speed screw with spring.
#19280, remove the main carburetor 8. Rotate throttle shaft to closed position and
emulsion tube (A, Figure 44). remove throttle valve screws and throttle
valve.
9. Remove throttle shaft, foam seal, and
throttle shaft seal from carburetor body.
Discard seals.
10. If carburetor is equipped with a plastic
choke shaft, rotate choke shaft to wide
78

open position, then pull choke valve out of NOTE: Do not soak non-metallic components,
choke shaft. Remove choke shaft, return such as floats, o-rings, seals, or diaphragms, in
spring (when used), and foam seal. carb/choke cleaner or they will be damaged.
Discard seal. 4. If any passages remain plugged after
- OR - cleaning, replace the component or the
If carburetor is equipped with a metal choke
shaft, rotate choke shaft to closed position.
Remove two choke valve screws and choke
valve. Remove choke shaft, return spring and
foam seal. Discard seal.
Assemble Carburetor
11. With a modified pin punch (A, Figure 46) Consult the Illustrated Parts List to obtain the
remove welch plug (B) from carburetor
body.
4
1. Install new welch plug (A, Figure 47) with
pin punch (B) of slightly smaller diameter
than the plug. Press against the plug until
it is flat in the carburetor opening. Do not
cave in plug. Seal the edge of the plug
with non-hardening sealant.
4
Figure 46
NOTE: Do not attempt to remove the pilot jets,

which are pressed in and not serviceable.

for evidence of wear or damage. If found, Figure 47
2. Inspect the choke shaft, choke valve, 2. If carburetor is equipped with a metal
throttle shaft, and throttle valve for choke shaft,
evidence of wear or damage. Replace • Install new foam seal and return spring
parts as necessary. (C, Figure 48) on choke shaft, hooking
3. Using Carb/Choke Cleaner #100041 or small hook (A) in notch on choke lever
#100042, thoroughly clean the following (D).
components, then follow with compressed • Insert choke shaft assembly into
air to dry: carburetor body and engage large end of
• Passages in the fixed main jet (bowl nut) return spring (E) on boss. If carburetor
or emulsion tube has detent spring, guide spring into slot
in choke shaft lever (B).
• Place choke valve (F) on shaft and install
• Float
screws, then actuate the choke shaft to
• Choke shaft and choke valve check for proper movement.
79

4. Install new throttle shaft seal
(C, Figure 50) with sealing lip down in
carburetor body until top of seal is flush
with top of carburetor (D). Install new foam
seal (B) on throttle shaft, then slide shaft
into carburetor body. Rotate shaft until flat
is facing out. Position throttle valve (E) on
flat with numbers facing out, then install
screws. Actuate the throttle shaft to check
for proper movement.
4
Figure 48
4 - OR -
3. If carburetor is equipped with a plastic
choke shaft,
• Install new foam seal and return spring
on choke shaft (C, Figure 49) with
straight end of spring against choke shaft
lever (B). Figure 50
• Insert choke shaft assembly into
carburetor body and engage large end of
return spring on anchor pin or boss (A). 5. Install idle speed screw and spring, then
Lift choke slightly and turn install idle mixture screw with spring and
counterclockwise until stop on lever turn until head of screw touches spring.
clears anchor pin or boss, then push 6. Using Knockout Pin #19135, press new
shaft down. fuel inlet seat (A, Figure 51) until flush with
fuel inlet boss (B).
Figure 49
Figure 51
• Insert choke valve (D) into choke shaft
with dimples (E) toward fuel inlet side of 7. Insert new inlet needle in slot on float, then
carburetor. Actuate the choke shaft to position float in carburetor body. Secure
check for proper movement. with new hinge pin and center the pin
between the float bosses.
80

8. Install emulsion tube using Carburetor
Screwdriver #19280 until tube seats
(A, Figure 52).
4
Figure 53
3. Hook choke link into outer hole of choke

Figure 52 shaft from underneath. Slide other end of
choke link into slot in governor control
9. Place new bowl gasket on carburetor body
and install fuel bowl. Place new washer on
bracket. 4
4. Position carburetor on engine. Install
solenoid and install.
screws or nuts and torque to values listed
10. After installing emulsion tube, use in Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
compressed air to blow out any chips or
debris that may have been loosened while
secure with hose clamp.
installing tube.
NOTE: On Model Series 280000, 310000, 6. Using new gasket, install air cleaner
330000, install main jet after installing emulsion
Adjust carburetor, if applicable, per
tube.
Section 1.
7. After final carburetor adjustment (last step
below), use Knockout Pin #19135
(A, Figure 54) to install new limiter cap (B)
with flat side facing up.
Install Carburetor
NOTE: Always replace air cleaner gaskets and

carburetor mounting gaskets any time the
1. Position new gasket on studs with long
edge of gasket opposite fuel inlet of
carburetor.
2. Hook governor spring (B, Figure 53) in
throttle lever hole without grommet. Hook
governor link (A) in throttle lever hole with
grommet.
Figure 54
81

Nikki Carburetor Disassemble Carburetor
1. Remove fuel bowl screws (A, Figure 56).
Vertical Models 280000, 310000, Remove the fuel bowl (B) from the
330000 carburetor body.
WARNING

4 Do not attempt to stop the fuel flow by plugging
the fuel hose.
Remove Carburetor
1. Disconnect the wire from the carburetor
solenoid (E, Figure 55).
Figure 56
4 2. Remove air cleaner assembly per Section
1. Discard gasket. NOTE: There is a spring between the fuel bowl
3. Move clamp and disconnect fuel hose and the float assembly. Use caution when
from carburetor. removing the fuel bowl to avoid losing the spring.
4. Remove two carburetor screws or nuts 2. Remove the solenoid (C) from the fuel
while holding the carburetor. bowl. Discard gasket.
5. Carefully rotate the carburetor to 3. Remove the fuel transfer tube (B) from the
disengage the choke linkage (C), governor carburetor base (A, Figure 57). Discard o-
link (A), and governor link spring (B). rings.
4. Pull the hinge pin (C) from the float
assembly. Separate the float and inlet
needle. Discard the hinge pin and inlet
needle.
Figure 55
Figure 57
5. Remove the float bowl gasket

(D, Figure 58) from the carburetor body.
Discard the gasket.
82

Figure 58 4
Figure 61
6. If equipped, remove the idle mixture screw
with spring (A, Figure 59) and the idle 10. Remove the choke shaft, return spring,
speed screw with spring (B). and foam seal. Discard spring and seal.
11. Remove the main jet and seal.
4
NOTE: Do not attempt to remove the pilot jets,
which are pressed in and not serviceable.
12. Remove the welch plug (A, Figure 62)
from the carburetor with a modified pin
punch. Discard the welch plug.
Figure 59
7. Rotate the throttle shaft to the closed

position (Figure 60). Remove two screws
(A) and the throttle plate.
Figure 62

evidence of wear or damage. Replace
parts as necessary.
Figure 60 3. Using Carb/Choke Cleaner #100041 or
8. Pull the throttle shaft from the carburetor components, then follow with compressed
body. Discard foam seals. air to dry:
9. Rotate the choke shaft to the wide open • Passages in the fuel transfer tube and
position (Figure 61), then pull the choke jets
plate (B) from the shaft (A). • Inside and outside of the fuel bowl
• Float
83

NOTE: Do not soak non-metallic components,

such as floats, o-rings, seals, or diaphragms, in
carb/choke cleaner or they will be damaged.
4. If any passages remain plugged after
cleaning, replace the component or the
4
Assemble Carburetor Figure 64
1. Install new welch plug with pin punch of
slightly smaller diameter than the plug. 6. Insert the choke plate into the choke shaft
Press against the plug until it is flat in the with the dimples toward the fuel inlet side
of the carburetor. Dimples center the
4 carburetor opening. Do not cave in the
plug. Seal the edge of the plug with a non- choke plate on the shaft (A, Figure 65).
hardening sealant.
2. Reinstall main jet and seal
3. Install new seal and spring on the choke
shaft with the top of the spring contacting
the choke shaft lever (B, Figure 63).
Figure 65
7. Install foam washer (B) to throttle shaft

(A, Figure 66). Install throttle shaft to the
carburetor body. Turn throttle shaft until
Figure 63 flat is facing out.
8. Lay the throttle plate (C) on the flat of the
4. Turn the choke shaft counterclockwise shaft. Install two screws (D).
while gently pushing it into the carburetor
body until the bottom end of the spring (D)
rests on the back of the spring perch (A).
5. Lift the choke shaft up slightly and
continue turning counterclockwise until the
stop on the lever clears the spring perch.
Push the shaft inward. When released, the
choke shaft lever should rest on the spring
perch as shown (Figure 64).
Figure 66
84

NOTE: The holes in the throttle plate are offset. If
the throttle plate is installed incorrectly, if will not
close.
9. If equipped, install idle mixture screw with
spring and the idle speed screw with
spring. Turn each screw until the head of
the screw touches the spring.
10. Insert new inlet needle (B) into the slot on
the float (A, Figure 67).
11. Place the needle and float assembly into
the fuel transfer tube. Secure with new
hinge pin (C) and center the pin between
the float bosses.
Figure 69
4
NOTE: The locating tang on the fuel transfer
tube MUST be placed in the recess of the
carburetor base as shown.
14. Insert the spring (A, Figure 70) to the
bottom of the float assembly. Place the 4
fuel bowl on the carburetor base, and
fasten with screws. Torque screws per
Specifications.
Figure 67
12. Install new o-ring on fuel transfer tube (E).

13. Place new float bowl gasket (A, Figure 68)
on the carburetor body, then press the
fuel transfer tube (B, Figure 69) onto the
carburetor base (C).
Figure 70
15. Install solenoid with new gasket. Torque

solenoid to values listed in Section 12 -
Install Carburetor
1. Place new gasket between carburetor and
manifold with long edge of gasket
opposite the fuel inlet.
2. Hook governor link spring (B, Figure 71) in
Figure 68 non-grommet throttle lever hole.
3. Hook governor link (A) in grommet throttle
lever hole. Link fits over top of lever.
85

4
Figure 71
4. Hook choke link (C) into hole in choke

lever.
5. Position carburetor on manifold and install
4 screws or nuts by hand.
6. Actuate choke and throttle linkages to
ensure proper movement, then tighten
screws per values listed in Section 12 -
7. Attach fuel hose to carburetor and secure
with hose clamp.
assembly per Section 1.
9. Connect wires to solenoid (E).
10. Adjust carburetor and/or governor settings
per Section 1.
Nikki LP/NG Mixer

Vertical Model 310000 Gaseous Fuel
Briggs & Stratton utilizes the Nikki Gaseous Fuel
Mixer on some of the 310000-Series Single-
Cylinder OHV engines. The mixer is not
serviceable, thus requiring replacement with a
complete assembly.
86

SECTION 5 - GOVERNOR SYSTEMS
LINKAGE AND SPRING ORIENTATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -88
GOVERNED RPM LIMITS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -89
GOVERNOR SERVICE- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -89
HORIZONTAL MODELS 110000, 120000, 150000, 200000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 89
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000, 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 91
87

GOVERNOR SYSTEMS
Linkage and Spring Orientation

NOTE: Be sure to note hole position of linkage
before removing.
• Figure 1 - Horizontal Shaft Models
110000, 120000, 150000, 200000,
210000.
• Figure 2 - Vertical Shaft Model 97700
• Figure 3 - Vertical Shaft Model 99700
5 • Figure 4 - Vertical Shaft Models 110000,

120000, 210000 (Primer Carburetors).
• Figure 5 - Vertical Shaft Models 110000, Figure 3
120000, 210000 (Choke-A-Matic®
Carburetors).
• Figure 6 - Models 280000, 310000,
330000 (Choke-A-Matic® Carburetors).
• Figure 7 - Models 280000, 310000,
330000 (Manual Friction).
• Figure 8 - Models 280000, 310000,
5 330000 (Manual Choke).
Figure 4
Figure 1
Figure 5
Figure 2
88

If a governor spring must be replaced, consult
the appropriate Illustrated Parts List for the
correct part number.
After a new governor spring is installed, check
the engine top governed speed with an accurate
tachometer, as noted above, and adjust as
required.
Governor Service
Figure 6 150000, 200000, 210000
The mechanical governor is part of the
5
crankcase cover. The governor gear
(A, Figure 9) is driven by the crankshaft timing
gear (B) through an idler gear (C). The governor
crank (D) is mounted in the cylinder assembly.
NOTE: Stamped side of idler gear faces out.
5
Figure 7
Figure 9
Disassemble
1. Drain oil from engine. Remove burrs and
clean crankshaft, then remove crankcase
cover. Set aside.
2. Loosen governor lever nut (A, Figure 10).
3. Slide lever off governor crank (B) and
disconnect from governor link (C).
4. Remove push nut and washer (D) from
governor crank. Remove any burrs from
Figure 8 governor crank, and then remove crank
from inside cylinder.
Governed RPM Limits
To comply with specified top governed speed
limits, Briggs & Stratton supplies engines with an
adjustable top speed limit, which the equipment
manufacturers set to their own specifications.
Top governed speed should be checked with a

tachometer when the engine is operating on a
completely assembled unit. The equipment
should be operated under no load when making
these checks.
89

2. Slide the governor lever on crank and
finger-tighten bolt and nut until crank turns
with a slight resistance.
3. Rotate crank until paddle is aligned with
cup on governor gear assembly.
4. Install new crankcase cover gasket(s) of
same thickness as originally removed
from cylinder.
5. Place seal protector in oil seal and slide
cover over crankshaft until it seats.
NOTE: It may be necessary to rotate crankshaft
to engage idler gear with timing gear.
5 6. Install cover or sump screws in order
shown in Figure 12. Torque to values
Figure 10
Specifications.
7. Adjust governor system per Section 1.
Inspect Governor
1. Check governor gear assembly for worn
weight pins, worn or damaged governor
cup, and chipped or damaged teeth.
5 2. If wear or damage is found, remove the
governor gear by carefully prying it off the
spindle with two flat-bladed screw drivers
(A, Figure 11). Discard the washer at the
base of the spindle.
Figure 12
Figure 11
3. Install new washer on spindle, then

carefully press new governor gear
assembly on spindle until fully seated.
4. Check idler gear for wear or damage. If
found, remove retainer clip and gear, then
install new gear.
5. Check governor crank for wear or
damage. Replace if necessary.
Assemble
1. Install governor crank from inside cylinder.
Slide washer (when used) on crank and
install new push nut.
90

Vertical Models 97700, 99700, 110000,
120000, 210000, 280000, 310000,
330000
The mechanical governor is part of the oil slinger
assembly (A, Figure 13) attached to the
camshaft. The governor crank is mounted in the
cylinder assembly.
5
Figure 15
3. Slide lever (B) off governor crank (C) and

disconnect from governor link (D).
4. Remove push nut or clip and washer (E)
from governor crank. Remove burrs from
governor crank, and remove crank from
Figure 13 inside cylinder. 5
Disassemble 5. Remove governor crank seal in cylinder, if
equipped.
1. Drain oil from engine.
2. Loosen governor lever nut (A, Figure 14,
Figure 15). Inspect Governor
1. Check governor gear/oil slinger assembly
for worn weight pins, worn or damaged
governor cup, and chipped or damaged
teeth on paddles of oil slinger.
2. If wear or damage is found, replace the
governor gear/oil slinger assembly.
3. Check governor crank for wear or
damage. Replace if necessary.
Assemble Governor
1. Install new governor crank seal in cylinder,
Figure 14 if equipped.
2. Install governor crank from inside cylinder.
Slide washer (when used) on crank and
install new push nut or clip.
3. Slide governor lever on crank and finger-
tighten bolt and nut until crank turns with
slight resistance.
4. Rotate crank until paddle contacts cup on
governor gear/oil slinger assembly.
5. Install new sump gasket(s) of same
thickness as originally removed from
cylinder.
91

6. Place seal protector in oil seal and slide
sump over crankshaft until it seats.
and cam gear to get oil pump (if equipped) to
engage oil pump drive slot in cam gear.
7. Install sump screws in order shown in
Figure 16 and Figure 17. Torque to values
Specifications.
NOTE: The screw at position four or position
nine (Figure 16 or Figure 17) was factory coated
with sealant. Coat screw with a non-hardening
5 sealant, such as Permatex® 2 or equivalent,
before installing.
8. Adjust governor system per Section 1.
Figure 16
Figure 17
92

SECTION 6 - CYLINDER HEAD AND VALVES
SERVICE CYLINDER HEAD- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -94
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000, 150000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 94
SERVICE CYLINDER HEAD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -99
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MODELS 200000, 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 99
93

CYLINDER HEADS AND VALVES
Before the cylinder head can be removed, other
external parts must be removed, such as the air
cleaner, fuel tank, oil fill tube, blower housing,
muffler, carburetor, control bracket assembly,
and intake manifold.
Remove Cylinder Head

Horizontal and Vertical Models 97700,
6 99700, 110000, 120000, 150000
1. Remove four screws (A, Figure 1 or 2)
from rocker cover, then remove cover and
gasket.
Figure 3
Figure 1 Figure 4
Figure 2 Figure 5
2. Remove cylinder head screws (Figures 3,

4, 5. 6), then remove head and gasket
from cylinder.
94

6
Figure 6
Figure 8
3. Remove push rods one at a time, marking
the location and orientation of each for 2. Remove valve stem caps (A, Figure 9) (if
proper installation later. used), the rocker arm studs, and the push
4. Using a plastic scraping tool, carefully rod guide (models 97700, 99700).
clean all traces of head gasket from the 3. Using thumbs, press down on each valve
head and cylinder mating surfaces. spring retainer and disengage retainer
from valve stem (B). Remove retainers,
Disassemble Cylinder Head springs, valves, and intake valve stem
1. Loosen rocker arm screws and/or lock seal/washer, if equipped.
nuts (A, Figure 7 and 8), and remove from
rocker arm studs. Remove rocker arms
(B) and rocker balls from studs. 6
Figure 9
Figure 7 4. Remove push rod cylinder head plate and

plate gasket (models 110000, 120000,
150000). Remove and discard the plastic
push rod guides from the head plate.
Inspection
1. Visually inspect head for cracks,
excessive heat discoloration, warping of
the cylinder or rocker cover mating
surfaces, and burned or damaged valve
seats. Replace head, if any of these
problems are found.
95

2. If head passes visual inspection, use Plug 4. Inspect valves for wear or damage.
Gauge #19122 to check valve guides for Replace if necessary.
wear. If gauge enters the guide 1/4” (6.4 NOTE: Valve faces can be resurfaced on a
mm) or more, replace the guide (models commercially available valve grinder. However,
97700, 99700) or replace the entire head Briggs & Stratton does not recommend this
(models 110000, 120000, 150000). If plug practice because the quality of the resurfacing
gauge is not available, see Section 12 - may be insufficient. Instead, valve replacement
Engine Specifications for the valve guide is recommended.
reject dimension. 5. Oil the intake valve guide and intake valve
NOTE: To replace valve guides (models 97700, stem, then insert valve into head.
99700), use Valve Guide Driver #19367 (A,
6. Using Valve Lapping Tool #19258 and
Figure 10) to press out the guides. Then, using
Lapping Compound #94150, lap valve and
6 the same tool, press either end of the new guides
into the head until 1/8” (3.2 mm) above flush (A,
seat together to assure a good sealing
surface. Remove valve, the repeat
Figure 11).
procedure for the exhaust valve.
7. Thoroughly clean both valves and cylinder
head of all lapping compound residue.
Assemble Cylinder Head

1. Install new plastic push rod guides into the
cylinder head plate (A, Figure 12) (models
110000, 120000, 150000). Using new
plate gasket, install the cylinder head
plate. Torque screws to values listed in
6 Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
Figure 10
Figure 12
2. Lightly coat valve stems with Valve Guide

Lubricant #93963. then insert valves into
cylinder head. Do not get lubricant on
Figure 11 valve face, valve seat, or exposed end of
valve stem.
3. If guides are replaced, or the original 3. Oil inside diameter of new stem seal/
guides still meet specifications, use Finish washer and install on intake valve stem.
Reamer #19066 and Reamer Guide Slide seal down against head plate or
#19191 to ensure proper sizing and to cylinder head (A, Figure 13).
clean out the guides. Thoroughly clean all
reaming debris from cylinder head.
96

Figure 13 6
Figure 15
4. Support valve side of cylinder head on
clean shop rags. Place valve springs and
valve spring retainers over valve stems.
Using thumbs, press against each retainer
until it securely locks into groove in valve
stem (Figure 14).
6
Figure 16
Figure 14
Install Cylinder Head

1. Coat threads of all cylinder head screws
with Valve Guide Lubricant #93963.
2. Using a new head gasket, install cylinder
head on cylinder and start screws by
hand. Step-torque screws in sequence
shown (Figures 15, 16, 17, 18) until final
torque value is achieved. Torque screws
to value listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
Figure 17
97

6
Figure 18
NOTE: Do not torque each screw in one step as

Figure 19
it may result in a warped cylinder head. Step-
torque all screws to approximately 1/3 of final 7. Rotate crankshaft at least twice to ensure
torque value, then to 2/3 final torque value, then proper movement of the push rods and
finish at final torque value. rocker arms.
3. Install push rod guide and rocker arm 8. Adjust valve clearance per Section 1, then
studs (models 97700, 99700). Torque install a new rocker cover gasket and the
studs to values listed in Section 12 - rocker cover. Torque screws to values
Engine Specifications. listed in Section 12 - Engine
-OR- Specifications.
6 4. Install rocker arm studs (models 110000,
120000, 150000). Torque to values listed
NOTE: Early production of vertical models
110000 and 120000 require a jam nut to be
threaded approximately half way up the threads
of the stud before installation into the head.
5. Install push rods through guides and into
same positions as removed. Ensure rods
are seated in valve tappets. Place valve
stem caps (if used) on valve stems.
6. Place rocker arms and rocker balls on
rocker arm studs (Figure 19). Install rocker
arm screws and/or lock nuts on studs and
tighten until there is zero clearance
between the valve stem caps and the
rocker arms.
98

Remove Cylinder Head
Models 200000, 210000, 280000,
310000, 330000
1. Remove four screws from rocker cover,
then remove cover and gasket (A, Figure
20).
6
Figure 21
2. Remove the rocker arm studs.

3. Using thumbs, press down on each valve
spring retainer and disengage retainer (A,
Figure 22) from valve stem (B). Remove
Figure 20 retainers, springs, valves, and intake valve
stem seal/washer, if equipped.
2. Remove cylinder head screws, then
remove head and gasket from cylinder.
3. Remove push rods one at a time, marking
the location and orientation of each for 6
proper installation later.
NOTE: On models 210000, 280000, 310000,
330000 the intake push rod (lower, aluminum) is
hollow and the exhaust push rod (upper, steel)
has a red band of paint for identification.
4. Using a plastic scraping tool, carefully
clean all traces of head gasket from the
head and cylinder mating surfaces.
Disassemble Cylinder Head Figure 22

1. Loosen rocker arm screws and/or lock
nuts, and remove from rocker arm studs. 4. Remove push rod cylinder head plate and
Remove rocker arms and rocker balls from plate gasket. Remove and discard the
studs (A, Figure 21). plastic push rod guides from the head
plate.
Inspection
1. Visually inspect head for cracks,
excessive heat discoloration, warping of
the cylinder or rocker cover mating
surfaces, and burned or damaged valve
seats. Replace head, if any of these
problems are found.
2. If head passes visual inspection, use Plug
Gauge #19122 to check valve guides for
wear. If gauge enters the guide 1/4” (6.4
99

mm) or more, replace the entire head. If 3. Lightly coat valve stems with Valve Guide
plug gauge is not available, see Section Lubricant #93963. then insert valves into
12 - Engine Specifications for the valve cylinder head. Do not get lubricant on
guide reject dimension. valve face, valve seat, or exposed end of
3. If guides are replaced, or the original valve stem.
guides still meet specifications, use Finish 4. Oil inside diameter of new stem seal/
Reamer #19066 and Reamer Guide washer and install on intake valve stem.
#19191 to ensure proper sizing and to Slide seal down against head plate or
clean out the guides. Thoroughly clean all cylinder head.
reaming debris from cylinder head. 5. Support valve side of cylinder head on
4. Inspect valves for wear or damage. clean shop rags. Place valve springs and
Replace if necessary. valve spring retainers over valve stems.
6 NOTE: Valve faces can be resurfaced on a
commercially available valve grinder. However,
Using thumbs, press against each retainer
until it securely locks into groove in valve
Briggs & Stratton does not recommend this stem (A, Figure 24).
practice because the quality of the resurfacing
may be insufficient. Instead, valve replacement
is recommended.
5. Oil the intake valve guide and intake valve
stem, then insert valve into head.
6. Using Valve Lapping Tool #19258 and
Lapping Compound #94150, lap valve and
seat together to assure a good sealing
surface. Remove valve, the repeat
procedure for the exhaust valve.
6 7. Thoroughly clean both valves and cylinder
head of all lapping compound residue.
Figure 24
Install Cylinder Head

1. Coat threads of all cylinder head screws
Assemble Cylinder Head with Valve Guide Lubricant #93963.
1. Install new plastic push rod guides (A, 2. Using a new head gasket, install cylinder
Figure 23) into the cylinder head plate. head on cylinder and start screws by
hand. Step-torque screws in sequence
shown in Figures 25, 26, 27, and 28 until
final torque value is achieved. Torque
screws to value listed in Section 12 -
Figure 23
2. Using new plate gasket, install the cylinder

head plate. Torque screws to values listed
Figure 25
100

4. Install push rods through guides and into
same positions as removed. Ensure rods
are seated in valve tappets. Place valve
stem caps (if used) on valve stems (Figure
29).
Figure 26 6
Figure 29
5. Place rocker arms and rocker balls on

rocker arm studs. Install rocker arm
screws and/or lock nuts on studs and
tighten until there is zero clearance
between the valve stem caps and the 6
rocker arms.
6. Rotate crankshaft at least twice to ensure
proper movement of the push rods and
Figure 27 rocker arms.
7. Adjust valve clearance per Section 1, then
install a new rocker cover gasket and the
rocker cover. Torque screws to values
Specifications.
Figure 28
NOTE: Do not torque each screw in one step as

it may result in a warped cylinder head. Step-
torque all screws to approximately 1/3 of final
torque value, then to 2/3 final torque value, then
finish at final torque values.
3. Install rocker arm studs. Torque to values
Specifications.
101

6
102

SECTION 7 - STARTERS
REWIND STARTERS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -104
REMOVE BLOWER HOUSING / STARTER- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -104
HORIZONTAL MODELS 110000, 120000, 150000, 200000, 210000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -104
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -104
VERTICAL MODELS 110000, 120000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -105
VERTICAL MODEL 280000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -106 7

SERVICE REWIND STARTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -106
INSTALL BLOWER HOUSING / STARTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -107
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -108
VERTICAL MODELS 110000, 120000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -108
VERTICAL MODEL 280000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -109
SERVICE STARTER CLUTCH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -109
ELECTRIC STARTERS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -110
REPLACE RING GEAR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -110

7
SYSTEM 3® AND SYSTEM 4® - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -110
12 VOLT STARTERS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -111
120 VOLT STARTERS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -114
103

REWIND STARTERS
On some engines, the rewind starters are
attached to the blower housing with screws and
can be quickly removed.
Other starters are riveted or spot welded to the

blower housing and must be drilled to remove,
following the procedures below. For installation,
screws and nuts are available separately from
the Illustrated Parts List and are included with
complete replacement starters.
7
Figure 2
Remove Blower Housing / Rewind
5. Carefully drill through all rivet heads and
Starter
remove rewind starter. Do not allow drill bit
Horizontal Models 110000, 120000, to cut into the holes in the starter housing.
150000, 200000, 210000
1. Drain fuel tank or close fuel shut-off valve. NOTE: Do not attempt to drill out the rivets while
Disconnect spark plug wire. the blower is still on the engine. The rivets are
made of steel and the shavings will collect on the
2. Remove the entire air cleaner assembly.
flywheel magnets.
3. Remove the screws (A, Figure 1) and the
control panel trim.
1. Drain fuel tank or close fuel shut-off valve.
disconnect fuel hose from carburetor and
7 drain residual fuel. Disconnect spark plug
wire.
2. Remove the screws and the finger guard
(A, Figure 3) and the fuel tank (B).
Figure 1
4. Remove the screws (B, Figure 2) and

blower housing.
Figure 3
3. Remove the oil fill tube and dipstick

(C, Figure 4).
4. Remove the screws and blower housing
(D).
104

7
Figure 4 Figure 6
5. Carefully drill through all rivet heads and 4. Remove screws (D, Figure 7) and screw
remove rewind starter. Do not allow drill bit and spacer (E), then remove tank from
to cut into the holes in the starter housing. engine.
NOTE: Do not attempt to drill out the rivets while

the blower is still on the engine. The rivets are
flywheel magnets.

1. Drain fuel tank or close fuel shut-off valve.
disconnect fuel hose from carburetor and 7
drain residual fuel. Disconnect spark plug
wire.
2. Remove air cleaner cover. Using flat
bladed screwdriver, press on tab Figure 7
(A, Figure 5) and lift finger guard off
engine. NOTE: On some model 120000 engines, the fuel
tank is mounted to a tank bracket. Loosen the
screws at the bottom of the bracket and the side
of the cylinder, then slide the tank up and off the
bracket.
5. Remove the oil fill tube and dipstick.
Remove the screws (F, Figure 8) and
blower housing.
Figure 5
3. Remove screws (B, Figure 6) from trim

plate or (C) from rewind guard. Remove
trim plate or guard.
105

5. If rewind starter is riveted, carefully drill
through all rivet heads and remove rewind
starter. Do not allow drill bit to cut into
holes in the starter housing.
NOTE: Do not attempt to drill out the rivets while

the blower is still on the engine. The rivets are
flywheel magnets.
7 Service Rewind Starter

Figure 8
6. Carefully drill through all rivet heads and

remove rewind starter. Do not allow drill bit WARNING
to cut into the holes in the starter housing.
The starter spring remains under
tension even if the rope has been
NOTE: Do not attempt to drill out the rivets while removed and the pulley has
the blower is still on the engine. The rivets are unwound
flywheel magnets. Wear safety glasses to prevent eye injury
when removing or installing the pulley/spring
assembly.
Vertical Model 280000
1. Drain fuel tank or close shut-off valve. Disassemble Rewind Starter
Disconnect spark plug wire. 1. Pull out rope from rewind starter as far as
7 2. Remove screws and separate fuel pump it will go. Then allow rope to retract slightly
assembly from blower housing, if until the hole in the pulley and the eyelet in
equipped. the housing are lined up. Securely clamp
3. Remove screws and blower housing the pulley and housing together to prevent
(Figure 9). the pulley from spinning.
4. If rewind starter is spot welded, use a 2. Pull the rope knot out of the pulley. Untie
3/16” (4.8 mm) drill bit to drill through spot the knot and then slip rope out of rewind
welds. Drill just far enough to loosen the starter. Remove insert from rope handle.
welds, then remove rewind starter. Untie knot and slip insert and handle from
rope.
3. Carefully release the clamp on the starter
and allow the pulley to SLOWLY unwind
until it stops.
4. Remove shoulder screw and retainer plate
from pulley. Lift out the pawls and pawl
springs (if used).
5. Rotate pulley until rewind spring is
disengaged from anchor tab in the starter
housing. Carefully lift out pulley with
spring. DO NOT remove the spring from
the pulley.
Figure 9
106

Inspect Rewind Starter Parts an overhand knot in end of rope, then pull
rope until knot is seated in pulley. Trim
NOTE: Do not remove the spring from the pulley. excess rope if necessary.
Both parts are serviced only as an assembly. 6. Slip other end of rope through handle and
1. Inspect the pulley for wear, cracks, rough insert. Tie a knot in end of rope, then pull
edges, or burrs in the rope groove and rope until knot is seated in the insert. Trim
look for wear in the center hole. If wear or excess rope if necessary.
damage is found, replace the pulley and 7. Quickly burn each end of the rope with an
spring assembly. open flame to prevent swelling and fraying
2. Inspect the spring for broken ends, kinks, of the weave. Then press the handle insert
or burrs. If damage is found, replace the into the rope handle.
pulley and spring assembly. 8. Carefully release the clamp on the starter
3. Inspect the starter housing for wear or and allow the pulley to SLOWLY unwind 7
burrs at the rope eyelet, the center pivot until the rope is retracted. Smoothly pull
post, and the anchor tab. If damage is the rope handle several times to ensure
found, replace the housing. proper operation of the starter assembly.
4. Inspect the drive pawls for wear at the tips
or pivot points. Replace pawls if worn.
5. Inspect the rope for broken or frayed Install Blower Housing / Rewind
areas. Replace rope if necessary.
Starter Horizontal Models 110000,
120000, 150000, 200000, 210000
Some starters are riveted or spot welded to the
Assemble Rewind Starter blower housing and must be drilled to remove.
1. Install pulley and spring assembly into For installation, screws and nuts are available
starter housing. Rotate pulley clockwise separately from the Illustrated Parts List and are
until slight resistance is felt, which included with complete replacement starters.
indicates that the spring has engaged in 1. Install the blower housing and torque the
screws to values listed in Section 12 -
the anchor tab.
7
2. Install pawl springs (if used) and pawls.
Position retainer plate on pulley. Ensure 2. Install the screws (A, Figure 10) and the
that the slots in the retainer fit over the control panel trim torquing the screws to
tabs in the pulley, then install shoulder values listed in Section 12 - Engine
screw. torque screw to value shown in Specifications.
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. 3. Install the air cleaner assembly.
3. While holding retainer, rotate the pulley to 4. Fill fuel tank or open fuel shut-off valve.
extend and retract the pawls. If they do not Connect the spark plug wire.
move properly, remove and reinstall the
retainer plate.
4. Turn pulley clockwise until the spring is
wound tight. Then allow pulley to unwind
slightly until the hole in the pulley and the
eyelet in the housing are lined up.
Securely clamp the pulley and housing
together to prevent the pulley from
spinning.
NOTE: Before proceeding, consult the Illustrated

Parts List or Section 12 - Engine Specifications
to ensure correct diameter and length of rope is
Figure 10
being installed.
5. Insert one end of starter rope through
eyelet and then through hole in pulley. Tie
107

1. Install the screws to the blower housing
(D, Figure 11), torquing screws to values
Specifications.
2. Install the oil fill tube and dipstick (C).
7 Figure 13
2. Install screws (D, Figure 14) and spacer

(E), then install tank from engine. Torque
screws to values listed in Section 12 -
Figure 11
3. Install the screws to the finger guard

(A, Figure 12) and the fuel tank (B),
torquing screws to values listed in Section
4. Fill fuel tank or open fuel shut-off valve.
Connect fuel hose to carburetor. Connect
7 spark plug wire.
Figure 14
3. Install screws (B, Figure 15) to trim plate

or (C) to rewind guard. Torque screws to
Specifications.
Figure 12

1. Install the oil fill tube and dipstick. Install
the screws (F, Figure 13) and blower Figure 15
housing.
4. Install air cleaner cover. Press on tab
(A, Figure 16) until finger guard attaches
to engine.
108

5. Fill fuel tank or open fuel shut-off valve. Service Starter Clutch
Connect fuel hose to carburetor and
connect spark plug wire.
Some Vertical model 280000s utilized a sealed
starter clutch on the rewind starters. The starter
clutch assembly consists of a seal (A, Figure 18),
ratchet (B), clutch housing (C), retainer cover
(D), and 6 ball bearings (E).
Figure 16
Vertical Model 280000

1. For installation, screws and nuts are
available separately from the Illustrated Figure 18
Parts List and are included with complete
replacement starters. Disassemble Starter Clutch
2. Attach blower housing with screws 1. Using Starter Clutch Wrench #19244 and
(Figure 8) and torque to values listed in Flywheel Strap Wrench #19433, remove
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. clutch from crankshaft.
3. Attach fuel pump assembly to blower 2. Remove retaining screws (if used) from
housing, if equipped. clutch housing. Using a screwdriver or 7
4. Fill fuel tank, open shut-off valve, and wedge, pry the cover from the housing.
connect spark plug wire. NOTE: Perform this procedure over a small bowl
to catch the clutch balls as the cover comes off.
Inspect Clutch Parts

#100042, clean the inside of the cover,
housing, and clutch balls. Clean the
ratchet by wiping with a cloth (do not use
spray).
2. Inspect cleaned surfaces for evidence of
wear or damage. Replace entire clutch
assembly if found.
3. Stand ratchet upright on work surface and
Figure 17 add one or two drops of clean oil to the
lubrication hole in the Welch plug (B,
Figure 18). Allow several minutes for the
oil to be absorbed by the felt disc inside
the ratchet.
Assemble Starter Clutch

1. Drop one clutch ball into each pocket in
the clutch housing.
109

2. Wipe off any excess oil from the top of the
ratchet, then place the ratchet on the
housing.
3. Install the retainer cover and seal over the
ratchet and press into housing until fully
closed. Install retaining screws (if used).
4. Place one drop of clean engine oil on top
of crankshaft pilot, then install clutch on
crankshaft. Using the Starter Clutch
Wrench and Flywheel Strap Wrench,
tighten the clutch to the value listed in
7
ELECTRIC STARTERS
Replace Ring Gear System 3®, System 4®

All Briggs & Stratton engines use an aluminum,
Check Starter Drive and Clutch
plastic, or steel ring gear on the flywheel.
Replace the ring gear if it shows wear or
(A, Figure 19) should engage the ring gear and
damage. Some steel ring gears are pressed or
crank engine. The clutch should not slip during
heat shrunk to the flywheel. These ring gears are
engine cranking and pinion gear shouldn’t bind
not replaceable.
on the helix (B).
To replace a worn or damaged flywheel ring
gear, proceed as follows: NOTE: Do not oil the pinion gear or helix.
1. Mark center of rivets holding ring gear 1. Remove the starter from the engine.
(A, Figure 18) to flywheel, with a center 2. Using a mild solvent, clean the drive and
7 punch. clutch assembly, then dry with
compressed air.
2. Drill out rivets using a 3/16” (4.7 mm) drill
bit. 3. Inspect for damaged parts and replace if
3. Remove the ring gear and clean holes necessary.
after drilling. 4. Install starter on engine and test for proper
4. Attach new gear to flywheel using four operation.
screws (B) and lock nuts (C) provided with 5. Replace the entire starter drive assembly if
the gear. the clutch slips or if the pinion gear binds
on the helix.
Figure 19 Figure 20
110

Remove Starter Drive and Clutch 12 Volt Starters
1. Remove E-ring (A, Figure 20).
Check Starter Drive and Clutch
2. Remove three screws (B) holding gear
cover.
should engage the ring gear and crank engine.
3. Lift clutch assembly and gears from shaft. The clutch should not slip during engine cranking
and pinion gear shouldn’t bind on the helix.
NOTE: Do not oil the pinion gear or helix.
1. Remove the starter from the engine.
2. Using a mild solvent, clean the drive and
clutch assembly, then dry with
compressed air.
3. Inspect for damaged parts and replace if 7
necessary.
4. Install starter on engine and test for proper
operation.
5. If the clutch slips or if the pinion gear binds
on the helix, replace the entire starter
Figure 21 drive assembly using the following
procedures.
Install Starter Drive and Clutch

1. Slip pinion (A, Figure 21) on motor shaft.
2. Add approximately 3/4 ounce of Briggs &
Stratton Grease #100059 under drive gear
end and on gear teeth.
3. Using new gasket, install clutch assembly
to shaft and align pinion with drive gear.
4. Install three screws and torque to values
7
Specifications.
5. Install E-ring.
NOTICE: Do not oil the pinion gear or helix.
Figure 23
Disassemble Starter Drive - C-Ring Retainer
1. Using C-Ring Removal Tool #19522,

remove and discard old C-ring (Figure 23).
Figure 22
111

7 Figure 24
2. Remove retainer (A, Figure 24), return

Figure 26
spring (B), flat washer (C), wave washer
(D), pinion gear (E), and starter clutch (F). 2. Install pinion gear (C, Figure 26) with
beveled edge of teeth up. Install return
spring (D) into recess of pinion gear.
Figure 25
Figure 27
3. Place wave washer (E, Figure 27) with

Assemble Starter Motor Drive - C-Ring concave side up and flat washer (F) on
Retainer
starter clutch spline.
1. Place clutch on starter shaft
(A, Figure 25). Rotate clutch until it drops
into place (B).
112

7
Figure 28 Figure 30
4. Place new C-ring over chamfered end of

shaft.
5. Align one of the slots (G, Figure 28) of C-
Ring Installer #19435 with open end of C-
ring (H).
6. Press on tool until C-ring snaps into
groove in shaft.
7. Manually actuate pinion gear on helix to
ensure proper movement.
Figure 31
2. Remove retainer (B), washer (C), pinion

gear (D), and starter clutch (E) from starter
shaft.
Figure 29
Disassemble Starter Drive - Roll Pin Retainer

1. Place starter drive retainer on support
block (Figure 29) and drive out roll pin (A,
Figure 30) with a 5/32” (.4mm) pin punch.
Discard roll pin.
113

Assemble Starter Drive - Roll Pin Retainer
1. Place clutch (E, Figure 31) on starter shaft
and rotate clutch until it drops into place.
Figure 32
2. Install pinion gear (D) with beveled edge of

teeth up.
3. Place washer (C) and retainer (B) on
starter shaft.
4. Press new roll pin (A) through retainer slot
and starter shaft hole until pin is centered
in shaft.
5. Manually actuate pinion gear on helix to
ensure proper movement.
7
120-Volt Starters
The 120-Volt AC starter motors are not
serviceable. If a failure occurs, the entire motor/
switch assembly must be replaced. Refer to the
appropriate Illustrated Parts List to obtain
replacement part numbers.
114

SECTION 8 - LUBRICATION SYSTEMS
EXTENDED OIL FILL AND DIPSTICK- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -116
BREATHERS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -116
VERTICAL MODELS 97700, 99700, 110000, 120000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -116
VERTICAL MODELS 280000, 310000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -117
VERTICAL MODELS 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -118 8

LUBRICATION SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 119
OIL DIPPER LUBRICATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -119
OIL SLINGER LUBRICATION- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -119
OIL SLINGER WITH PRESSURE FILTRATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -120
PRESSURE LUBRICATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -120
OIL PUMP SERVICE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -120
OIL FILTER AND ADAPTERS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -122
OIL PRESSURE SWITCH- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -123
OIL GARD SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -123
115

EXTENDED OIL FILL AND DIPSTICK
Horizontal Models 110000, 120000, 150000, Vertical Models 90000, 110000, 120000,
200000, 210000 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000
These models use a plastic extended oil fill tube These models use a plastic extended oil fill tube
and a quarter-turn dipstick. The oil fill tube and a quarter-turn, dipstick. An o-ring seals the
screws into the crankcase cover. tube in the crankcase cover and a retaining
bracket and screw secure it to the engine.
BREATHERS
8
Briggs & Stratton engines utilize a breather valve 2. Apply vacuum to the breather tube. Air
to control and maintain crankcase vacuum. The should flow freely into the valve.
breather valve is a fiber disc or reed which closes 3. If air flow is restricted under vacuum at the
on the piston up stroke and opens on the piston tube, or has no resistance when blowing
down stroke. on the tube, replace the valve cover.
The breather is located on the cylinder or inside
the rocker cover, depending on engine model.
Install Breather
Service Breather - Horizontal Models 1. Securely insert breather hose into hole in
110000, 120000, 150000, 200000, air cleaner base.
210000 2. Place new gasket and valve cover on
Remove Breather cylinder head.
1. Disconnect breather hose (B, Figure 1) 3. Install four screws and torque to values
from air cleaner. listed in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
2. Remove rocker cover with breather hose
(A) and gasket. Discard gasket.
NOTE: Install three long screws on the sides and
8 bottom edges of valve cover. Install short screw
on top of valve cover.
4. Securely insert other end of breather hose
into hole in rocker cover.
Service Breather - Vertical Models

97700, 99700, 110000, 120000
Figure 1 Remove Breather
1. Remove two screws, breather assembly
(A, Figure 2) and gasket (B) from side of
cylinder. Discard gasket.
2. Remove four screws, breather passage
Check Breather cover (C), and gasket (D) from top of
1. Gently blow air into the breather tube. cylinder. Discard gasket.
There should be no air flow out the valve.
116

8
Figure 2 Figure 3
Check Breather Install Breather

1. Check for movement of the disc valve in 1. Install new breather passage gasket and
the breather assembly. If disc is stuck or breather passage cover on top of cylinder.
binding, replace the breather assembly. Torque four screws to values listed in
2. Visually inspect the assembly for warping, Section 12 - Engine Specification.
wear, or damage. If these conditions are 2. Place new breather gasket and breather
found, replace the breather assembly. assembly on side of cylinder. Torque two
3. Inspect oil drain-back holes (C, Figure 3) screws to values listed in Section 12 -
to make sure they are open. Clean as Engine Specification.
needed.
4. Using 0.045” (1.14 mm) wire gauge, check
clearance between the disc valve (B) and Service Breather - Vertical Models
the housing (A). If gauge can be inserted, 280000, 310000 Early Production
replace the breather assembly.
Remove Breather 8
1. Remove breather tube from breather
NOTE: Do not apply force to the wire gauge! The assembly on side of cylinder.
disc valve is retained by an internal bracket
which will be distorted if pressure is applied to 2. Remove two screws, breather assembly,
disc. and gasket. Discard gasket.
5. Inspect breather passage on top of
cylinder for debris and/or blockage. Check Breather
Carefully clean this area if necessary, 1. Check for movement of the disc valve in
ensuring passage holes are open. the breather assembly. If disc is stuck or
binding, replace the breather assembly.
2. Visually inspect the assembly for warping,
wear, or damage. If these conditions are
found, replace the breather assembly.
3. Inspect oil drain-back holes (C, Figure 4)
to make sure they are open. Clean as
needed.
4. Using 0.045” (1.14 mm) wire gauge, check
clearance between the disc valve (B) and
the housing (A). If gauge can be inserted,
replace the breather assembly.
117

NOTE: Do not apply force to the wire gauge! The date code 070719xx) or clean off sealant
disc valve is retained by an internal bracket (after date code 070718xx).
which will be distorted if pressure is applied to
disc.
8 Figure 6
Check Breather
1. Remove and check breather reed
Figure 4 (A, Figure 7). If the reed is worn or bent, it
cannot function properly and must be
Install Breather
replaced.
1. Place new gasket and breather assembly
on cylinder. Torque to screws to values
Specifications.
2. Securely insert breather tube into breather
assembly.
Service Breather - Vertical Models

210000, 280000, 310000, 330000 Figure 7
8 Current Production
2. Inspect the oil drain-back hole
Remove Breather (B, Figure 8). Insert a fine wire to ensure
1. Remove breather tube (B, Figure 5) from the opening is not plugged.
breather cover (A).
Figure 8
Figure 5
2. Remove two screws (B, Figure 6),

breather cover. Discard gasket (before
118

Install Breather values listed in Section 12 - Engine
1. Install reed with the metal tab facing Specifications.
outside of the engine, as shown in Figure 3. Securely install breather tube in breather
8. Torque screw to values listed in Section cover.
2. Place new gasket or sealant on cylinder.
Install breather cover and torque screws to
LUBRICATION SYSTEMS
Four types of lubrication systems are available:
1. Oil Dipper on connecting rod.
Oil Slinger Lubrication
8
Vertical Models 97700, 99700, 110000,
2. Oil Slinger on governor gear. 120000, 210000, 280000, 310000, 330000
3. Oil Slinger with pressure filtration. The oil slinger/governor gear (A, Figure 10) is
4. Pressure Lubrication. used on vertical shaft engines. It is mounted to
and driven by the cam gear.
Visually inspect oil slinger/governor gear
Oil Dipper Lubrication assembly for wear, broken teeth, broken slinger
paddles, or burrs. Replace assembly if worn or
Horizontal Models 110000, 120000, 150000, damaged.
200000, 210000
Two types of dippers are used on horizontal
shaft engines. One is integral to the rod cap, the
other is a separate part (A, Figure 9) attached to
the rod cap with a connecting rod screw.
Inspect the dipper for evidence of bending,
cracking, or looseness. Replace if necessary
following instructions in Section11 - Pistons,
Rings, and Connecting Rods.
Figure 10
Figure 9
119

Oil Slinger with Pressure Filtration Vertical Models 280000, 310000, 330000
On some of these models the gerotor pump
Vertical Models 120000, 210000, 280000, draws oil from the sump and pumps it through
310000, 330000 the oil filter, then directly to the PTO bearing in
Some of these models are equipped with a the sump (Figure 14).
gerotor pump that draws oil from the sump, The gerotor pump is driven by the cam gear. An
pumps it through the oil filter, and back to the optional oil pressure gauge or switch can be
sump (Figure 11). The gerotor pump is driven by installed at the oil filter adapter.
the cam gear. The slinger splashes oil
throughout the crankcase.
NOTE: This system does not supply oil under
pressure to any of the bearing surfaces.
Figure 13
Oil Pump Service

Figure 11 The oil pump can be removed from the outside of
the sump (A, Figure 14). The oil pump screen,
Pressure Lubrication however, must be removed from the inside of the
sump.
A gerotor pump supplies oil to the camshaft
bearings and the magneto bearing. The gerotor
is located in the bottom of the sump, and is
driven by camgear. Oil enters the pump through
8 a slot and is pushed up the hollow camshaft to
the magneto upper camshaft bearing and
through a drilled passage to the crankshaft
magneto bearing (Figure 12). The oil slinger
lubricates the remaining bearings and journals.
Figure 14
Remove Gerotor Pump

1. Remove three screws then remove pump
cover (A, Figure 15) and o-ring (B).
Figure 12
120

Figure 15 Figure 17 8
2. Carefully remove inner (C) and outer Current oil pump screen must be driven out from
rotors (D). inside the sump (Figure 18).
NOTICE: Depending on Model Series, inner

rotor may include the drive shaft or the drive
shaft may be a separate part. Remove shaft,
when it is a separate part.
Remove Pump Screen

Three types of oil pump screens have been used
on models 280000, 310000, 330000.
Early oil pump screens (A, Figure 16) (before
date code 94110700) were mounted inside the
sump and held with one screw (B). Figure 18
Install oil pump screen, until seated (Figure 19).

8
Figure 16
The intermediate screen (A, Figure 17) (after

date code 94110600) can be removed at the
same time as the oil pump. Figure 19
121

Inspect Oil Pump Parts
1. Inspect surfaces of outer and inner rotors,
pump housing, cover, and shaft for wear
and scoring. Replace parts if necessary.
2. Inspect pump housing and passages for
debris. Clean as required.
3. Inspect screen for clogging or damage.
Replace as necessary.
Install Screen and Gerotor Pump

1. Install pump screen until fully seated, or
8 secure with screw, depending on design.
2. Insert drive shaft, if removed separately.
3. Pre-oil and install outer rotor (D, Figure 20) Figure 21
in pump cavity. Do not use force to install.
4. Pre-oil and install inner rotor (C) in pump
cavity.
5. Turn rotor to engage pump in cam or
governor gears.
6. Place o-ring (B) in groove in cover (E) or
sump.
Figure 22
Figure 20
7. Place pump cover on oil pump cavity

(Figures 21, 22, 23). Torque screws to
Specifications.
NOTE: Some covers have two notches that align
with ribs in the pump cavity.
Figure 23
Oil Filter and Adapters

Remove
1. Drain oil, unscrew filter (A, Figure 24) and
discard.
2. Remove screws, filter adapter (B), and
gasket. Discard gasket.
122

Figure 24
8
Inspect
1. Check adapter for cracks or damage to Figure 25
the sump and filter mounting surfaces.
Replace adapter if necessary. Test Oil Pressure Switch
2. Clean all oil passages in adapter and in 1. Unscrew the switch to remove it for
sump. testing.
2. Connect one test meter lead to the switch
Install terminal and the other lead to the metal
1. Using new gasket, place adapter on sump body of the switch.
and install screws. Torque screws to 3. The meter should indicate continuity.
4. Replace the switch if there is no continuity.
Specifications.
5. Install switch and tighten to values given in
2. Apply a thin film of clear oil filter gasket.
Install filter until gasket contacts the
adapter, then tighten 1/2 to 2/3 turn more. NOTE: Do not use sealing tape on the switch
threads.
Oil Gard Systems

Oil Pressure Switch 8
The optional low oil pressure switch is located on Horizontal Model Series 110000,
the sump or oil filter adapter (A, Figure 25). 120000, 150000, 200000, 210000
The switch should open at approximately 4-5 PSI
(.27-.34 bar) for Model Series 28N700, 28P700,
287700, 310700, 312700, 313700, 330700. The Oil Gard System consists of:
Model Series 28N777 Type 1194-E1 opens at • Oil Sensor (A, Figure 26 and Figure 27)
approximately 9-13 PSI (.62 -.90 bar). (located inside crankcase)
• Module (B)
• Three-terminal stop switch (C)
• Connecting wires
If the oil level is low, the Oil Gard sensor will
close. The engine cannot be restarted until
sufficient oil is added. If equipped with a lighted
rocker switch, the light will flash when the starter
is actuated, indicating insufficient oil in the
crankcase.
123

The engine can be restarted, but will only run
briefly.
Type of Lead Wire Colors

Starter
Rewind Gray/Black
White/Gray
Electric Gray/Black
White/Gray
8 Troubleshooting
Figure 26 In engines equipped with a Start Sense system,
if the engine will not start, check oil level and
bring level to FULL. If engine still does not start,
disconnect lead at the oil fill plug/terminal. If
engine starts, the module is faulty, or the internal
crankcase float is sticking. Clean or replace parts
as necessary.
In engines equipped with a Run Sense system, if
the engine halts during operation, or will not
remain running upon starting, check oil level. if
oil level is at FULL and engine continues to halt,
the module is faulty or the internal crankcase
float is sticking. Clean or replace parts as
necessary.
Figure 27
8 There are two types of Oil Gard systems in use:

• Start Sense
• Run Sense
Identification
Start Sense is designed to prevent the engine
from starting if the oil level is too low. It will not
start an engine that is already running.
Type of Lead Wire Colors

Starter
Rewind Gray/Gray
Yellow/Black
Electric Yellow/Yellow
Run Sense will stop a running engine if the oil

level runs below the ADD level on the dipstick.
124

SECTION 9 - CYLINDERS, COVERS AND SUMPS
CYLINDER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -126
INSPECT CYLINDER- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -126
RECONDITIONING BORE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -126
RESIZING BORE- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -126
CLEAN CYLINDER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -127
MAIN BEARINGS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -127 9

CHECK BEARINGS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -127
REPLACE BEARINGS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -128
COVERS AND SUMPS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -132
INSTALLATION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -132
125

CYLINDER
Inspect Cylinder Compare measurements to the standard cylinder

bore sizes provided in Section 12 - Engine
1. Visually check cylinder for cracks, stripped
Specifications.
threads, and bore damage.
If the cylinder bore is more than 0.003” (0.08
• If cracks are found, replace the cylinder.
mm) oversize, or 0.0015” (.04 mm) out of round,
• Stripped threads can sometimes be it must be resized.
repaired using a helicoil, but if multiple
holes have thread damage, replace the
cylinder. Reconditioning Bore
If cylinder bore is within specification and shows
9 • Bore damage, if not severe, may be
corrected by reconditioning or resizing no signs of scoring or other damage, it can be
(see below). reconditioned using a rigid hone with finishing
Check cylinder head mounting surface for stones to restore the proper crosshatch angle.
distortion with a straight edge (Figure 1). If The correct crosshatch of approximately 45°
mounting surfaces are distorted more than (Figure 3) ensures proper lubrication and piston
0.004” (0.1 mm), the cylinder must be replaced. ring break-in.
Figure 1 Figure 3
2. Check cylinder bore for wear using NOTE: IT IS MOST IMPORTANT THAT THE
9 Telescoping Gauge #19485 and Dial ENTIRE CYLINDER BE THOROUGHLY
Caliper #19199. CLEANED AFTER HONING.
Resizing Bore
Always resize to exactly .020” (.51 mm) larger
than standard bore size. Done accurately, the
service oversize rings and pistons will fit perfectly
with proper clearances.
Cylinders can be quickly resized with Hone
#19205 or #1921. Use the stones and lubrication
recommended by the hone manufacturer to
produce the sizing and finish.
Figure 2 NOTE: IT IS MOST IMPORTANT THAT THE

ENTIRE CYLINDER BE THOROUGHLY
Measure twice (90° apart) at the top, center, and
CLEANED AFTER HONING.
bottom of the piston ring travel (Figure 2).
126

Cleaning Cylinder When cylinder and crankcase have been
1. Wash the cylinder thoroughly in a solvent thoroughly cleaned, use a clean white rag to
such as kerosene or other commercial wipe the cylinder bore. If honing grit is still
solvent. present, it will appear as a grey residue on the
2. Wash cylinder again using a stiff brush rag. Re-wash and rinse entire cylinder then
with soap and hot water. check again. When there is no trace of honing
grit on the rag, the cylinder is properly cleaned.
3. Rinse cylinder thoroughly with hot running
Oil the cylinder bore to prevent rusting.
water.
4. Repeat washing and rinsing until all traces
of honing grit are gone.
NOTE: Honing grit is highly abrasive and will
cause rapid wear to all of the internal
components of the engine. 9
MAIN BEARINGS
Check Bearings Check Ball Bearings

Briggs & Stratton OHV engines are equipped Ball bearings must rotate freely. If any rough
with plain bearings machined into the cylinder or spots are felt, the ball bearing must be replaced
cover/sump, DU™ bearings, or ball bearings to (Figure 5).
support the crankshaft. NOTE: DO NOT reuse ball bearings. The
bearing races are usually damaged during
removal.
Check Plain Bearings
Machined bearings are not repairable. If a
machined bearing is scored or worn, the cylinder
or cover/sump must be replaced.
Check DU™ Bearings

Main bearings should be replaced if scored or if
plug gauge (A, Figure 4) will enter bearing. Try
gauge at several locations in bearing.
9
Figure 5
NOTE: Standard and reject sizes for the main

bearings are shown in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
Check Camshaft Bearings

The camshaft is supported by machined
bearings which are not serviceable. Check
Figure 4
camshaft bearings with Plug Gauge #19164. If
gauge can be inserted 1/4” (6.4 mm) or more,
127

replace the affected cylinder, crankcase cover,
PTO Bearing Tools
or sump (Figure 6).
Model Bushing Cylinder
NOTE: Standard and reject sizes for the main Series Driver Support
bearings are shown in Section 12 - Engine 110000 Replace Crankcase Cover
Specifications. 120000 or Sump
All
150000 Replace Crankcase Cover
H/S
210000 19179 19227
H/S
210000 Replace Sump
V/S
9 280000
V/S
Replace Sump
310000 Replace Sump

V/S
330000 Replace Sump
V/S
Figure 8
2. Remove and discard oil seal for bearing to

Figure 6 be repaired.
NOTE: Before removing oil seal(s) note and
record the depth of the oil seal from mounting
surface so that the new seal is installed to the
same depth.
3. Insert bushing driver tool (A, Figure 9) into
Replace Bearings bearing from oil seal side. Place a
reference mark (B) on driver to indicate
Replace DU™ Bearings proper depth when installing the new
1. Select tools needed from Figure 7 and bearing.
Figure 8.
Magneto Bearing Tools
Model Bushing Cylinder
Series Driver Support
110000 19124 19123
9 120000
All
150000 19124 19123
H/S
210000 19179 19227
H/S
210000 19450 19351
V/S
280000 19450 19227
V/S Figure 9
310000 19450 19227
V/S 4. Place cylinder support tool (C, Figure 10)
330000 19350 19351 under cylinder or cover/sump bearing (B).
V/S Press driver until bearing is extracted.
Figure 7
128

9
Figure 12
Figure 10
5. Place cylinder or cover/sump on cylinder Replace Ball Bearing

support (B, Figure 11) with large opening
facing bearing. Horizontal Models 120000, 150000
1. Select tools needed from charts below.
6. Align oil holes in bearing with oil holes in
cylinder or cover/sump, then press in new
bearing to correct depth with bushing
driver (A).
Bearing Removal Tools
Tool/Part Tool/Part #
Description
Washer 690582
Puller Screw 19318
Removal Driver 19320
Support 19454
B e a rin g In s ta lla tio n T o o ls

T o o l/P a rt T o o l/P a rt #
D e s c rip tio n 9
W asher 690582
P u lle r S c re w 19318
In s ta lla tio n D riv e r 19396
Figure 11
S u p p o rt 19454
7. Stake bearing into notch (A, Figure 12)

with 1/8” round pin punch to prevent 2. Remove retaining ring and governor idler
bearing from turning. gear (A, Figure 13). Remove oil seal.
129

9 Figure 13
3. Assemble washer (C, Figure 14) to puller

screw (D) and insert through large end of Figure 15
removal driver (B). Place open end of
support (A) against ball bearing. NOTE: Always install new oil seals when engine
4. Insert screw with washer and driver is reassembled or when replacing bearings.
through ball bearing and thread into Always use the correct seal protector to prevent
support. Continue tightening screw until damaging the oil seal during installation.
ball bearing is removed.
Replace Ball Bearing
Horizontal Models 200000, 210000
1. Select tools needed from charts below.
Bearing Removal Tools

Description
Washer 690582
Puller Screw 19318
Removal Support 19440
9 Figure 14 Bearing Installation Tools

Tool/Part Description Tool/Part #
5. Lubricate outside diameter of new ball Washer 690582
bearing. Place ball bearing on support (A, Puller Screw 19318
Figure 15). Installation Driver 19396
6. Assemble washer (C) to puller screw (D). Installation Support 19394
Insert large end pilot (B) into oil seal boss
in crankcase cover.
7. Insert screw through pilot and thread into
support. Tighten screw until ball bearing is 2. Remove retaining ring and governor idler
seated. gear. Remove oil seal.
8. Install new oil seal. Use large end of Driver 3. Assemble washer (C, Figure 16) to puller
#19320, and press in oil seal until flush screw (D) and insert through small end of
with crankcase cover. removal driver (B). Place open side of
9. Install governor idler gear and E-ring. support (A) against ball bearing with
cutout over idler gear shaft.
130

4. Insert screw, with washer and driver
through the ball bearing and thread into Bearing Removal Tools
support. Continue tightening screw until Tool/Part Tool/Part #
ball bearing is removed. Description
Washer 690582
Puller Screw 19318
Removal Support 19454
Bearing Installation Tools

Description
Washer
Puller Screw
690582
19318
9
Installation Driver 19396
Installation Support 19454
Figure 16 2. Remove oil seal.

3. Assemble washer (C, Figure 18) to puller
5. Lubricate outside diameter of new ball screw (D).Insert puller screw and washer
bearing. Place ball bearing on support (A, through small end of driver (B). Insert from
Figure 17). outside of sump against inner race of ball
6. Insert small end of installation driver (B) in bearing.Place large end of support (A)
oil seal bore. Assemble washer (C) to over ball bearing.
puller screw (D). 4. Insert screw with washer and driver
7. Insert screw through pilot and thread into through ball bearing and thread into
support. Tighten screw until ball bearing is support. Continue tightening screw until
seated. ball bearing is removed.
8. Install new oil seal. Use large end of Driver
#19320, and press in oil seal until flush
with crankcase cover.
9. Install governor idler gear and E-ring.
9
Figure 18
5. Lubricate outside diameter of ball bearing.

Place ball bearing on support (A, Figure
19).
Figure 17
6. Insert large end of driver (B) into oil seal
NOTE: Always install new oil seals when engine bore. Place washer (C) on puller screw
is reassembled or when replacing bearings. (D).
Always use the correct seal protector to prevent 7. Insert screw through drive and thread into
damaging the oil seal during installation. support. Tighten screw until ball bearing is
seated.
Replace Ball Bearing
8. Install new oil seal. Use large end of Driver
All Vertical Models #19401 to press in oil seal to 3/16”
1. Select tools needed from charts below. (4.7mm) depth.
131

NOTE: Always install new oil seals when engine
is reassembled or when replacing bearings.
Always use the correct seal protector to prevent
damaging the oil seal during installation.
Figure 19
9
COVERS AND SUMPS
Installation
1. Select correct seal protector for Kit
#19356, to protect oil seal when installing
cover or sump.
2. Make sure mechanical governor gear and
oil pump (when used) is engaged with
cam gear. Do not force cover or sump.
3. Install screws and tighten in sequence
shown:
• Figure 20 - Vertical Shaft Models 97700
and 99700
• Figure 21 - Vertical Shaft Models 110000 Figure 20
and 120000.
• Figure 22 - Vertical Shaft Models 210000,
280000, 310000, and 330000.
120000 and 150000.
9 200000 and 210000.
4. Torque screws to values listed in Section
NOTE: To adjust crankshaft end play, see
Section 10 - Crankshafts and Camshafts.
Figure 21
132

Figure 22 9
Figure 23
Figure 24
133

9
134

SECTION 10 - CRANKSHAFTS, CAMSHAFTS, BALANCING
SYSTEMS, AND GEAR REDUCTIONS
CRANKSHAFTS AND CAMSHAFTS- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -136
REMOVE CRANKSHAFT AND CAMSHAFT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -136
INSPECT CRANKSHAFT AND CAMSHAFT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -136
INSTALL CRANKSHAFT AND CAMSHAFT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -137
INSTALL CRANKCASE COVER OR SUMP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -138 10

CHECK AND ADJUST CRANKSHAFT END PLAY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -139
GEAR REDUCTION - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -140
DISASSEMBLE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -140
INSPECT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -140
ASSEMBLE- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -140
FILL GEAR CASE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -141
AUXILIARY PTO - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -142
REMOVE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -142
INSPECT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -142
ASSEMBLE- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -142
COUNTERBALANCE SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -143
SYNCHRO-BALANCE® SYSTEMS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -143
AVS® BALANCE SYSTEM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -145
10
135

CRANKSHAFTS AND CAMSHAFTS
Remove Crankshaft and Camshaft 6. Rotate crankshaft to place piston at Top

Dead Center (TDC).
1. Drain oil from engine and all fuel from fuel
tank. Drain oil from gear reduction unit (if 7. Remove connecting rod cap, then slide out
equipped) and remove from engine crankshaft.
(A, Figure 1).
Inspect
2. Remove blower housing/rewind assembly
and flywheel/fan assembly. Check Crankshaft
3. Remove burrs and clean crankshaft, then 1. Inspect crankshaft for scoring on mag
remove crankcase cover or sump. Set journal (A, Figure 3), crankpin journal (B),
10 aside. and PTO journal (C). Replace crankshaft
is scoring is found or if crankshaft is bent.
NOTE: If crankcase cover or sump sticks, tap
lightly with soft hammer on alternate sides near DO NOT attempt to straighten bent
dowel pins (B). It is not necessary to remove crankshafts.
dowel pins.
Figure 3
2. Using a dial caliper, measure the journal

diameters and balancer eccentrics (if
Figure 1 equipped). Compare results to values
4. Carefully tip engine with PTO-end facing Specifications. If wear exceeds the reject
up. dimensions, replace the crankshaft.
5. Rotate crankshft until timing marks
Check Camshaft
(A, Figure 2) are aligned. With camshaft in
this position, the valve tappets will remain 1. Check gear (A, Figure 4) for worn or
clear of cam lobes. Lift out camshaft (B). damaged teeth. Check lobes (D) and
journals (B, C) for scratching or scoring.
10 Check compression release mechanism
(A, Figure 5) for wear, burrs, or sticking.
Replace camshaft if any of these
conditions are found.
Figure 2
136

7. On horizontal crankshaft engines, make
sure the paddle on the governor shaft
(B, Figure 6) is rotated in line with the
governor cup inside the crankcase cover.
8. On vertical crankshaft engines, assemble
governor gear/oil slinger (B, Figures 7 and
8) to camshaft. Make sure the paddle on
the governor shaft is contacting the
governor cup (C).
Figure 4 10
Figure 6
Figure 5
2. Using a dial caliper, measure the journal

diameters and cam lobes. Compare
results to values listed in Section 12 -
Engine Specifications. If wear exceeds the
reject dimensions, replace the camshaft.
Install Crankshaft and Camshaft

Figure 7
1. Lubricate the cylinder bearing/oil seal with
engine oil.
2. Install intake and exhaust valve tappets.
3. Support both ends of the crankshaft, and
carefully install into the cylinder.
10
NOTE: The counterbalance system, if equipped,
must be assembled to the crankshaft before
installing into the cylinder.
4. Assemble connecting rod assembly to
crankshaft.
5. Install the timing gear to the crankshaft
with timing mark out. The flange of the
gear must face the counterweight link, if
equipped. Figure 8
6. Install camshaft, making sure tappets clear
cam lobes. Timing marks
(A, Figures 6, 7, 8) must align.
137

Install Crankcase Cover or Sump
1. Using a new gasket install crankcase
cover or sump using seal protectors. Do
not force cover or sump on cylinder.
to get oil pump (if equipped) to engage drive slot
in camshaft. For horizontal crankshafts, it may be
necessary to rotate idler gear to mesh with timing
gear when installing cover.
2. Install screws in sequence shown in
Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12.
10 • Figure 9 - Horizontal shaft models

120000, 150000, 200000, 210000
Figure 11
• Figure 10 - Vertical shaft models 97700,

99700
210000
310000, 330000
3. Torque to values listed in Section 12 -
Figure 12
NOTE: Screws assembled at position 4, Figure

10 and position 9, Figure 12 were coated with
sealant. If sealant is missing, coat with a non-
hardening sealant such as Permatex® 2, or
equivalent.
Figure 9
10
Figure 10
138

Check and Adjust Crankshaft End
Play
When crankcase cover or sump is installed with
a standard gasket, end play should match values
listed in Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
If end play is less than specified, remove cover
or sump and install an additional gasket. Do not
use more than two gaskets.
If end play is more than specified, remove cover
or sump and install a shim per the Illustrated
Parts List, or replace the cover or sump.
NOTE: If using shims, install as follows:
• Models 120000, 150000 Vertical and Figure 15 10
Horizontal Engines - install shim on
magneto-end of crankshaft (A, Figure
13).
• Models 97700, 99700 Vertical Engines -
use additional gaskets to get proper end
play (A, Figure 14).
• Models 200000, 210000 Horizontal
Engines - install shim on PTO-end of
crankshaft (A, Figure 15).
• Models 210000, 280000, 310000,
330000 Vertical Engines - install shim on
PTO-end of crankshaft between the
timing gear and crankpin (A, Figure 16). Figure 16
Figure 13 10
Figure 14
139

GEAR REDUCTION
Disassemble Gear Reduction Inspect Gear Reduction Parts

1. Note orientation of gear reduction 1. Inspect seals for cracks, tears, or
assembly on engine. Place an oil hardening. Replace seals if necessary.
collection pan beneath the assembly. 2. Inspect crankshaft pinion gear and drive
2. Remove oil vent plug (C, Figure 17) and shaft gear for worn, cracked, or chipped
set aside. teeth. Replace if damaged or worn.
3. Loosen four cap screws (D) that secure 3. Inspect gear case and cover for cracks,
the gear case cover assembly. Pull cover damaged mounting, or damaged gasket
(A) away from gear case (B) and allow oil surfaces. Replace if damaged.
10 to drain into pan.
4. After gear case is drained, remove screws
and cover. Assemble Gear Reduction
1. If replacing seals, install with sealing lip
(A, Figure 19) toward engine side of gear
case (B) or cover (C) until seal is flush
with gear case or cover.
Figure 17
5. Remove drive shaft assembly (A, Figure Figure 19

18) from gear case (B).
6. Bend down two screw locks (C), if
NOTE: The gear reduction assembly must be
equipped. Remove four cap screws. Slide
installed in the same orientation as noted prior to
gear case off engine.
removal.
10 1. Insert two long screws and screw locks
(A, Figure 20), if equipped, with tabs
against the ribs of gear case.
2. Install new gasket, if used, on outside of
gear case.
3. Slide gear case over crankshaft and
against crankcase cover.
4. Hand tighten two long screws inside gear
case.
5. Install and hand tighten two short screws
with lock washers to the outside of gear
case (B).
Figure 18 6. Torque the four screws to values listed in
140

Fill Gear Case with Lubricant
1. Remove oil level plug (C, Figure 22) and
vent plug (A).
2. Fill gear case with SAE oil:
• Above 40°F (10°C) use 80w90 for
Horizontal Models 120000, 150000.
• Above 40°F (10°C) use 30w for
Horizontal Models 200000, 210000.
• Below 40°F (10°C) use 10w30 for all gear
reductions.
3. Fill gear case just to the point of
overflowing at the oil level hole (B). 10
4. Install and tighten both plugs securely.
Ensure that the vent plug (with hole) is
installed at the top of the cover.
Figure 20
7. Install pinion gear on crankshaft.

8. Slide drive shaft assembly into gear case
bearing and rotate to engage crankshaft
pinion gear.
9. Place new gasket on gear case assembly.
10. Slide cover over drive shaft until seated
on new gasket.
NOTE: Vent plug hole must be positioned at top.
11. Install four cover screws (A, Figure 21)
and torque to values listed in Section 12 -
Figure 22
10
Figure 21
141

AUXILIARY PTO
Some models of the vertical shaft 110000 and
120000 engines were equipped with an auxiliary
PTO shaft. The auxiliary PTO shaft (E, Figure
23) extends through the side of the sump,
perpendicular to the crankshaft. Rotation can be
either clockwise or counterclockwise, as viewed
from the end of the shaft. The oil slinger (A),
camshaft (C), and worm gear (D) are pre-
assembled and must be serviced as a set.
NOTE: The clockwise system requires a thrust
10 washer (B) installed at the upper camshaft
journal. The counterclockwise system requires
the thrust washer be installed at the lower
journal, under the worm gear.
Figure 24
3. With a 3/16” pin punch, drive the roll pin in

the bevel gear (B) through the allen screw
hole.
4. Remove screw and PTO shaft stop then
slide out PTO shaft.
Inspection
Inspect all parts for evidence of wear or damage.
If replacement is required, ensure the correct
rotation set (clockwise or counterclockwise) is
Figure 23 chosen from the Illustrated Parts List.
Assemble Auxiliary PTO Drive Shaft

Remove Auxiliary PTO Drive Shaft
1. Place drive shaft in sump and push shaft
1. Remove all rust and burrs from through bevel gear.
crankshaft, then remove sump.
2. Line up holes in bevel gear and drive
2. To remove auxiliary PTO shaft from sump, shaft. Install new roll pin until it is centered
remove Allen screw (A, Figure 24) from in gear.
bottom of sump. The slinger, camshaft,
10 and worm gear assembly will remain in the
3. Place shaft stop in groove of drive shaft
and install screw. Torque to values listed
cylinder.
4. Install allen screw in bottom of sump and
torque to values listed in Section 12 -
5. Rotate assembly by hand to check for
binding.
6. Using new gasket, install sump to cylinder
according to instructions provided earlier
in this section.
142

COUNTERBALANCE SYSTEMS
Two styles of counterbalance systems are used Disassemble
on Vertical crankshaft engines. 1. Remove crankshaft gear (A, Figure 26).
Models 280000 and 310000 (built before July NOTE: If gear is tight, pry it off using two
2001) have the Synchro-Balance® system. screwdrivers being careful not to damage gear.
Models 280000 and 310000 built July 2001 and 2. Woodruff key (B) can be removed, if
later, and all models 210000 and 330000 have required.
the AVS® system. Both systems use a
3. Remove screw (A, Figure 27) from
counterweight that oscillates opposite the
counterweight.
direction of the piston, to reduce engine vibration
(Figure 25). 4. Remove PTO counterweight (B), dowel
pin (C), and link (D) from crankshaft. 10
5. Remove crankshaft from magneto
counterweight (E).
Figure 25
Figure 27
Synchro-Balance® System
Inspect
Remove Counterbalance System
1. Visually inspect counterweight bearings
1. Remove blower housing, flywheel,
for scoring or discoloration. If found,
cylinder head, and sump. Discard gaskets.
replace both counterweights as a set.
2. Remove connecting rod and piston
2. Measure the counterweight bearing
assembly.
diameters and compare to the values
3. Remove crankshaft and counterweight shown in Section 12 - Engine
assembly. Specifications. If either bearing is worn
beyond the reject dimensions, replace
both counterweights as a set. 10
3. Measure the crankshaft eccentric
shown in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications.
4. If crankshaft eccentrics are worn, scored,
or discolored, replace the crankshaft.
Figure 26
143

Assemble
1. Lubricate all bearing surfaces with clean
engine oil.
2. Slide magneto-side counterweight
(A, Figure 28) on flywheel end of
crankshaft.
3. Place crankshaft and counterweight in a
vise with soft jaws or shop rags to protect
magneto journal.
4. Slip link (C) over dowel pin (D) with
rounded edge (E) up. Fit dowel pin into
magneto counterweight.
10 5. Slide PTO counterweight (F) on dowel pin
and crankshaft eccentric (G).
6. Install and torque screw (H) to value listed
Figure 29
NOTE: Rotate counterweight assembly to check NOTE: Install connecting rod and piston.
for binding. If binding exists, loosen and re- Lubrication hole in rod must face toward
torque screw. Check again for binding. magneto side. Torque rod screws to values listed
6. Using new gaskets, install sump, cylinder
head, flywheel, and blower housing.
Figure 28
Install
1. If woodruff key was removed, install in
crankshaft.
10 2. Slide timing gear onto crankshaft with
chamfer toward eccentric.
NOTE: If gear is tight, it can be expanded slightly
by heating on a lamp.
3. Place crankshaft and counterweight
assembly into cylinder and start magneto
journal into magneto bearing.
4. Align link (A, Figure 29) with crankcase
link pin (B) and push assembly into place.
5. Install connecting rod and piston. Torque
rod screws to values listed in Section 12 -
144

AVS® Balance System 3. Measure the crankshaft eccentric
Remove shown in Section 12 - Engine
1. Remove blower housing, flywheel, Specifications.
cylinder head, and sump. Discard gaskets. 4. If crankshaft eccentrics are worn, scored,
2. Remove connecting rod and piston or discolored, replace the crankshaft.
assembly.
3. Remove crankshaft and counterweight
assembly. Assemble
1. Lubricate all bearing surfaces with clean
engine oil.
Disassemble
1. Remove the crankshaft gear (F, Figure
2. Slide the counterweight links on the
crankshaft eccentrics. 10
30) from the crankshaft (A). If the gear is NOTICE: Both links must be installed with the
tight, pry it off using two screwdrivers, chamfered side facing the crankshaft crankpin.
being careful not to damage the gear.
3. Slide the counterweight into the
2. The woodruff key (E) can be removed, if counterweight links.
required.
4. Press a new plastic alignment plug into the
3. Remove and discard the plastic alignment magneto side of the counterweight.
plug (C) from the magneto side of the
counterweight (D).
4. Slide the counterweight from the Install
counterweight links (B). 1. Install the woodruff key to the crankshaft.
5. Remove PTO link and magneto link from 2. Install the timing gear to the crankshaft
crankshaft. with timing mark out. The flange of the
gear must face the counterweight link.
3. Place crankshaft and counterweight
assembly into the cylinder and start
magneto journal into magneto bearing.
4. Install connecting rod and piston.Torque
rod screws to values listed in Section 12 -
NOTE: Lubrication hole in rod must face toward

magneto side.
5. Using new gaskets, install sump, cylinder
head, flywheel, and blower housing.
Figure 30
10
Inspect
1. Visually inspect counterweight bearings
for scoring or discoloration. If found,
replace both counterweights as a set.
2. Measure the counterweight bearing
shown in Section 12 - Engine
Specifications. If either bearing is worn
beyond the reject dimensions, replace
both counterweights as a set.
145

10
10
146

SECTION 11 - PISTONS, RINGS AND CONNECTING RODS
REMOVE PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -148
DISASSEMBLE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -148
INSPECT- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -148
ASSEMBLE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -149
INSTALL PISTON AND CONNECTING ROD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -150

9
11
147

PISTONS, RINGS, & CONNECTING RODS
Remove Piston and Connecting Rod 4. Using Piston Ring Expander #19340
(Figure 3), remove rings one at a time.
1. Carefully remove any carbon or ridge at
Note the order and orientation of the rings
top of cylinder bore to prevent ring
before removal.
breakage.
2. Remove rod bolts and connecting rod cap
(A, Figure 1).
3. Push piston and rod assembly out through
top of cylinder bore.
Figure 3
NOTE: Some oil control rings consist of two thin

steel rails and a spring expander. These must be
removed by hand as follows:
• Grasp one end of the upper steel rail and

Figure 1
wind the rail from the oil ring groove into
the center ring groove. Repeat into the
top ring groove and then off the piston.
Disassemble • Remove the spring expander, then
1. Rotate pin retainer until one end is remove the lower steel rail.
exposed in notch in pin bore.
Inspect
2. Remove the two retainer pins (A, Figure 2)
with needle nose pliers. Check Piston and Pin
NOTE: Some pistons have a shoulder stop on 1. Inspect piston for scoring, galling, or other
one side and a single retainer. damage. Replace piston if necessary.
3. Slide out pin (B) from opposite side and 2. Using a dial caliper or plug gauge,
remove connecting rod from piston. measure the pin bore diameter. Compare
with reject dimensions listed in Section 12
- Engine Specifications. If pin bore
exceeds reject dimensions, replace the
piston.
11 3. Measure outside diameter of pin and
compare to the reject dimension listed in
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. If pin is
smaller that the reject dimension, replace
the pin.
4. Clean carbon from top ring groove.
5. Place NEW ring in groove (Figure 4) and,
using a feeler gauge, measure space
between ring and ring land. Compare with
Figure 2 reject dimensions listed in Section 12 -
148

Engine Specifications. If clearance is Check Connecting Rod
greater than shown the piston must be If the crankpin bearing (A, Figure 6) or the piston
replaced. pin bearing (B) is scored, the rod must be
replaced.
1. Reinstall rod cap and bolts on rod.
2. Using a dial caliper or plug gauge,
measure the two bearing diameters.
Compare with reject dimensions listed in
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. If
either bearing exceeds the reject
dimensions, the rod must be replaced.
3. Remove rod bolts and rod cap. Set aside.
9
Figure 4
Check Ring End Gap

It is recommended that the entire ring set be
replaced when servicing the piston and/or
cylinder bore. However, the original rings can be
re-used if they are not damaged and are
checked as follows:
Figure 6
1. Clean all carbon from the rings and the
cylinder bore.
2. Insert an original ring (A, Figure 5) Assemble
approximately one inch down into the
cylinder bore. 1. Install a pin retainer into one groove in
piston bore. Skip this step if piston has a
3. Check end gap with feeler gauge.
shoulder stop on one side.
Compare with reject dimensions listed in
Section 12 - Engine Specifications. If gap 2. Oil the piston pin bore, connecting rod pin
of any of the rings exceeds the reject bore, and the pin. Insert rod into piston,
dimension, all rings should be replaced. then slip pin through piston and rod bores
until it seats against the retainer or
shoulder stop.
NOTE: The notch or arrow (A, Figure 7) on the
piston and “MAG” on the rod (B) must face the
same direction. When installed in engine, the
notch will face the flywheel.
11
Figure 5
Figure 7
149

NOTE: For Vertical Model 120000 ONLY, install
piston with notch or arrow (A, Figure 8) facing
away from “MAG” on the rod. When installed in
engine, the notch will face the PTO.
9
Figure 9
4. Fit connecting rod bearing on crankpin

journal, then install rod cap with match
Figure 8 marks aligned.
3. Install a pin retainer into groove on open 5. Cap should snap into position when
side of piston pin bore. Ensure retainers assembled correctly. Install rod screws
are firmly seated in grooves. (and dipper, if equipped).
4. Using Piston Ring Expander #19340, 6. Tighten screw closest to piston (A, Figure
install oil ring and spring expander, then 10) first, then screw farthest from piston
the center ring, then the top ring. Follow (B) second. Torque screws to values listed
the orientation noted at time of in Section 12 - Engine Specifications.
disassembly, or use the instructions
provided if installing a new ring set.
NOTE: If oil ring consists of two steel rails and a
spring expander, they must be installed by hand
as follows:
• Grasp one end of lower steel rail and
wind it over the top ring groove, then into
the center ring groove, and finally into the
oil ring groove.
• Install the spring expander on top of the
lower rail, then install the upper steel rail.
Install Piston and Connecting Rod

1. Thoroughly clean and oil cylinder bore and
Figure 10
crankpin journal.
11 2. Rotate crankshaft until crankpin journal is
at bottom of stroke.
NOTE: Failure to use a torque wrench can result
in loose rods causing breakage, or over-
3. Using Ring Compressor Tool #19070 or tightened rods causing scoring.
#19230, install piston with notch or arrow 7. Rotate crankshaft two revolutions to
(A, Figure 9) toward flywheel side of ensure crankpin and rod do not bind.
engine, taking care not to damage 8. Move connecting rod sideways to ensure
crankpin journal or connecting rod rod has clearance on crankpin side.
bearing.
150

SECTION 12 - ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL 110000 HORIZONTAL SERIES- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -152
MODELS 97700 & 99700 VERTICAL SERIES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -162
MODEL 110000 VERTICAL SERIES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -164
12
151

MODEL 110000 HORIZONTAL SERIES
ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
Armature Air Gap .010 - .014 in. (.25 - .36 mm)
Crankshaft End Play .002 - .028 in. (.05 - .71 mm)
Spark Plug Gap .030 in. (.76 mm)
Valve Clearance – Intake .004 - .006 in. (.10 - .15 mm)
Valve Clearance – Exhaust .009 - .011 in. (.23 - .28 mm)
FASTENER TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TORQUE

Air Cleaner Base / Backplate 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Armature 30 lb-in. (3 Nm)
Blower Housing 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Bracket to Carburetor (Snow) 45 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Carburetor Bowl Screw 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Carburetor to Cylinder Head 85 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Connecting Rod 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Control Bracket 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Control Panel Trim 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Crankcase Cover 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Cylinder Head 220 lb-in. (25 Nm)
Cylinder Head Plate 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Cylinder Shield 30 lb-in. (3 Nm)
Exhaust Manifold / Adapter 180 lb-in. (20 Nm)
Flywheel Nut 100 lb-ft. (135 Nm)
Flywheel Fan 180 lb-in. (20 Nm)
Flywheel Guard 30 lb-in. (3 Nm)
Fuel Tank 85 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Governor Lever Nut 45 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Muffler 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Muffler Support Bracket 45 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Oil Drain Cap – Front (Snow) 130 lb-in. (15 Nm)
Oil Drain Plug – Side 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Oil Fill Tube 50 lb-in. (6 Nm)
Rewind Starter 30 lb-in. (3 Nm)
Rocker Arm Stud 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Rocker Ball Set Screw or Nut 45 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Spark Plug 180 lb-in. (20 Nm)
Starter Cover 20 lb-in. (2 Nm)
Starter Motor 140 lb-in. (16 Nm)
Rocker Cover 55 lb-in. (6 Nm)
Snow Hood 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Snow Shield 50 lb-in. (6 Nm)
12
152

REJECT DIMENSIONS STANDARD SIZE REJECT SIZE
CYLINDER
Main Bearing .876 in. (22.25 mm) .878 in. (22.30 mm)
Camshaft Bearing .5008 in. (12.72 mm) .5040 in. (12.80 mm)
Bore Diameter 2.688 in. (68.28 mm) 2.692 in. (68.38 mm)
Bore Out-Of-Round N/A .0015 in. (.04 mm)
CYLINDER HEAD
Valve Guide .249 in. (6.32 mm) .267 in. (6.78 mm)
Intake Valve Stem Diameter .247 in. (6.28 mm) .244 in. (6.20 mm)
Exhaust Valve Stem Diameter .247 in. (6.28 mm) .244 in. (6.20 mm)
CYLINDER COVER
Main Bearing 1.063 in. (27.00 mm) 1.065 in. (27.05 mm)
CRANKSHAFT
Crank Pin Journal 1.098 in. (27.89 mm) 1.097 in. (27.86 mm)
Mag-Side Journal .874 in. (22.20 mm) .873 in. (22.17 mm)
PTO-Side Journal 1.061 in. (26.96 mm) 1.060 in. (26.92 mm)
CAMSHAFT
PTO-Side Journal .499 in. (12.67 mm) .498 in. (12.65 mm)
Intake Lobes 1.112 in. (28.24 mm) 1.098 in. (27.29 mm)
Exhaust Lobes 1.112 in. (28.24 mm) 1.098 in. (27.29 mm)
CONNECTING ROD
Crank Pin Bearing 1.100 in. (37.06 mm) 1.102 in. (27.99 mm)
Piston Pin Bearing .6258 in. (15.89 mm) .6268 in. (15.92 mm)
PISTON
Piston Pin .6247 in. (15.86 mm) .6242 in. (15.85 mm)
Ring End Gap (Top) .006-.010 in. (.15-.25 mm) .020 in. (.51 mm)
Ring End Gap (Middle) .012-.020 in. (.30-.50 mm) .030 in. (.76 mm)
Ring End Gap (Oil Control) .020-.025 in. (.50-.63 mm) .035 in. (.89 mm)
Ring Land Clearance (Top) .002-.003 in. (.05-.08 mm) .004 in. (.10 mm)
Ring Land Clearance (Middle) .002-.003 in. (.05-.08 mm) .004 in. (.10 mm)
Ring Land Clearance (Oil Control) .002-.004 in. (.03-.07 mm) .005 in. (.12 mm)
12
153


12
154

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
155


12
156

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
157


Carburetor Bowl Screw / Solenoid 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
12
158

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
159


Carburetor Bowl Screw / Solenoid 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
12
160

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
Mag-Side Journal 1.1795 in. (29.95 mm) 1.178 in. (29.92 mm)
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
161

MODELS 97700 & 99700 VERTICAL SERIES
Alternator Air Gap .010 in. (.25 mm)
Air Cleaner Base 35 lb-in. (4 Nm)
Alternator 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Breather 50 lb-in. (6 Nm)
Brake Bracket 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Carburetor Bowl Nut 50 lb-in. (6 Nm)
Crankcase Sump 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Fuel Tank (Side) 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Fuel Tank (Top) 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Muffler To Cylinder Head 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Muffler Guard 80 lb-in. (9 Nm)
Oil Drain Plug 100 lb-in. (11 Nm)
Oil Pump Cover 80 lb-in. (9 Nm)
Rewind Pulley Screw 70 lb-in. (8 Nm)
12
162

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
STARTER ROPE
Rope Size #4 N/A
Rope Length 88.5 in. (2.2 Meters) N/A
12
163

MODEL 110000 VERTICAL SERIES
Air Elbow 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Starter Motor 90 lb-in (10 Nm)
Rocker Cover (Die Cast) 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Rocker Cover (Stamped) 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
12
164

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
165

Air Elbow 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Starter Motor 90 lb-in (10 Nm)
Rocker Cover (Die Cast) 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Rocker Cover (Stamped) 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
12
166

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
PISTON
12
167


Breather Reed 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Carburetor to Intake Manifold 70 lb-in. (8 Nm)
Carburetor Solenoid 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
Fuel Pump 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Fuel Tank Bracket 180 lb-in. (20 Nm)
Intake Manifold to Cylinder Head 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Regulator / Rectifier 40 lb-in. (5 Nm)
12
168

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
Eccentrics 2.2045 in. (55.91 mm) 2.202 in. (55.93 mm)
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
COUNTERWEIGHT SYSTEM
AVS Bearing – Large End 2.207 in. (56.05 mm) 2.210 in. (56.13 mm)
AVS Bearing – Small End .490 in. (12.40 mm) .493 in. (12.52 mm)
PISTON
12
169


Blower Housings 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Blower Housing Brackets 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Starter Clutch 65 lb-ft. (88 Nm)
12
170

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
Bearings 2.207 in. (56.05 mm) 2.210 in. (56.13 mm)
PISTON
STARTER ROPE
Rope Size #5.5 N/A
Rope Length 63.0 “ (1.6 meters) N/A
12
171


Blower Housings 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
Blower Housing Brackets 90 lb-in. (10 Nm)
12
172

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
Bearings 2.207 in. (56.05 mm) 2.210 in. (56.13 mm)
PISTON
12
173


12
174

CYLINDER
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER COVER
CRANKSHAFT
CAMSHAFT
CONNECTING ROD
Pivot Shaft Bore 1.100 in. (37.06 mm) 1.102 in. (27.99 mm)
Counterweight Pin Bore 1.100 in. (37.06 mm) 1.102 in. (27.99 mm)
Link Pin 1.100 in. (37.06 mm) 1.102 in. (27.99 mm)
Connector Link Bore 1.100 in. (37.06 mm) 1.100 in. (27.99 mm)
Eccentric Bearing .6258 in. (15.89 mm) .6268 in. (15.92 mm)
PISTON
12
175

12
176

Single Cylinder OHV Air-Cooled Engines: Repair Manuals For Other Briggs & Stratton Engines

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Briggs & Stratton

Quality Starts With A

BRIGGS&STRATTON Post office box 702

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Copyright © 2009 Briggs & Stratton Corporation

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• MODEL 110000 HORIZONTAL SERIES

• MODEL 150000 HORIZONTAL SERIES

• MODEL 200000 HORIZONTAL SERIES

• MODEL 210000 HORIZONTAL SERIES

• MODELS 97700 & 99700 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 110000 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 120000 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 210000 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 280000 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 310000 VERTICAL SERIES

• MODEL 330000 VERTICAL SERIES

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BRIGGS & STRATTON NUMERICAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7

OIL AND OIL FILTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14

ENGINE ADJUSTMENTS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -16

ADJUST REMOTE CONTROLS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16

ADJUST VALVE CLEARANCE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21

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Signal Words in Safety Messages

WARNING indicates a hazard which, if

CAUTION indicates a hazard which, if

NOTICE indicates a situation that could

Prior to work, read and understand the section(s)

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When adding fuel: Unintentional sparking can result in fire

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Starting engine creates sparking. Rapid retraction of starter cord (kick-

Charging batteries produce hydrogen

Kerosene and its vapors are extremely

Damaged, worn, or loose fuel compo-

• All fuel components should be in good condi-

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EXAMPLE - To identify Model 303447:

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Fuel and Oil Recommendations Oil must meet these requirements:

To protect the fuel system from gum formation,

Fresh Start® Fuel Cap

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* In dusty conditions or when airborne debris is

4. Remove dipstick and oil fill tube

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NOTICE: Use care to prevent debris from

It is not necessary to remove the discoloration

Gasoline and its vapors are extremely

• Never start or run the engine with the air

NOTE: Do not use pressurized air or solvents to

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