Problem: Reciprocating Pump Example 1
Problem: Reciprocating Pump Example 1
Problem: Reciprocating Pump Example 1
Example 1
Work done=W(Hs+Hd)
Single acting
Piston area A=1.5 Sq ft
Stroke =Stoke length=Piston length=12 inch= 1 ft
Cross sectional area of delivery pipe=ad= 0.3 sq ft
Total head Hs+Hd=40 ft
Pump speed n=60 rpm
Water lifted Q= 550 galon/min
Required:
Slip=?
Coefficient of discharge= ?
Theoretical horse power=?
Solution:
Volume of piston=Areax length=1.5*1=1.5 cubic ft= volume of water swept by the
piston
Theoretical volume pumped per second=1.5*60/60=1.5 ft 3
Actual volume =550 galon/min= 550/ (60*6.24)=1.47 ft3
Slip = Theoretical volume pumped per second- Actual volume pumped per second
=1.5-1.47= 0.03 ft3/Sec
=(.03/1.5)*100=2 percent
Coeficient of discharge = W/62.4 ALn
Actual discharge/ Theoretical discharge=1.47/1.5=*100= 98%
Horse power = work done/550={(550/60)*40*10}/550=6.67 horse power
Totsl pressure head =40 ft
Example 2. Page 566: Acceleration Head in suction stroke = l/g*fA/a=( l/g)
(A/a)ω2r cosΦ
Plunger diameter Dp=5 inch , Stroke lenghth=1 ft; Length of suction pipe Ls=30 ft
Ds=3 inch: n=30 rpm Hs=10 ft; ω=2πN/60
Acceleration Head at the beginning of the stroke= Has= =( ls/g)(A/as)ω2r cosΦ
=(30/32.2) (5/3)2* (2*3.14*30/60)2 x.5=1275 ft of water
Pressure head in the cylinder=34-(HS-Ha)=34 –(10+12.75)=34-22.75=11.25 ft of
water
Example 3 page 567:
Single acting pump
Piston diameter Dp=6 inch, crank radius , r=1 ft diameter of delivery pipe =3 inch
; Length =100 ft
Hd= 100 ft …..Absolute preesure=8 ft of water
Solution:
As the assumption is separation will take place at an Absolute preesure=8 ft of
water
Hd+34-Ha=8
Ha=Hd+34-8=100+(34-8)=100+26=126 ft of water
Ha= =( ld/g)(A/ad)ω2r=
126=(100/32.2)*(6/3)2* ω2* x1
ω2=126/{=(100/32.2)*(6/3)2}
ω=3.22 radians per second =2πn/60=3.22
n=(3.22*60)/(2*3.14)=30.6 r.p.m.
Example 4: A single-acting pump has a stroke of 1 ft and a piston diameter of 6
in. The center of the pump is 15 ft above the level of water and 100 ft below the
delivery water level. The length of the suction and delivery pipes are 20 ft and
120 ft, respectively, and their diameters are 3 in. The coefficient of friction for
those pipes is 0.01. If the pump is working at 30 r.p.m., find the pressure head on
the piston at the beginning, middle, and end of both strokes, and find the horse
power required to drive the pump. (Ignore the velocity head of the discharge
water.)
Solution: L=2r; r=L/2
1. Suction Stroke
Acceleration head at the end of the stroke
Has =( ls/g)(A/as)ω2r= (20/32.2)(6/3)2* (2πN/60)2*1/2
=(20/32.2)(4)(2*3.14*30/60) 2*(.5) = 12.3 ft of water
=(0.62)*4*(9.85)*.5=12.22
Friction head at middle of the stroke, Hfs=(4fls/ds2g){(A/as) ω r}2
= (4*.01*20)/(.25*2*32.2){ (4*(2*3.14*30/60)*0.5}2
=1.96 ft of water
Pressure at the beginning of the of stroke =Hs+Ha
=15+12.3= 27.3 ft of water
Pressure at the middle of the stroke , =Hs+Hf
=15+1.96=16.96 ft of water
Pressure at the end of the stroke = Hs-Ha=15-12.3=2.7 ft of water
2. Delivery Stroke
Hd=100 ft
Ld=120 ft
Exercise 3: If the pump in question 1 have delivery pipe of 4 in dia, and a length
of 50 ft, find the acceleration head at the beginning of the stroke when no air
vessel is fitted.
Ha =(l/g) x (A/a) ω2r
=(50/32.2)(6/4)2 (2π N/60)2 x .5 = (50/32.2) (1.5) 2 *(2*3.14*40/60)2* 0.5
= 1.55 *2.25*17.52*.5=30.56 ft of water
Exercise 6. The bore and stroke of a single acting reciprocating pump are 4 inch.
and 8 inch, respectively. And the plunger has simple harmonic motion. The
suction pipe is 13/4 inch in diameter and 14 ft long. And the center of the pump is
12 ft above the water in the sump. Determine the theoretical speed, in revolution
per minute, at which there will be cavitation. Assuming it to occur when the
pressure falls below 4 Ib/ in2.
D=4 in
L=8 in
ds =13/4 inch= 3.25 inch
Ls= 14 ft
Hs= 12ft
Cavitation pressure head =4 psi=4*2.31=9.24 ft of water
Pressure head at the beginning =Hs+Ha=9.24=12+Ha
Ha= 12-9.24 =2.76