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Venturimeter: Aim:-Apparatus Required

The document describes how to determine the coefficient of discharge of a venturimeter. A venturimeter uses Bernoulli's principle to measure fluid flow rate by creating a pressure difference from a constricted throat section. The experiment involves measuring the pressure drop through the venturimeter, collecting the output flow over a period of time, and using equations relating flow rate, pressure, and geometry to calculate the theoretical discharge and actual discharge. The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of actual to theoretical discharge.

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Chibuike Charles
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108 views4 pages

Venturimeter: Aim:-Apparatus Required

The document describes how to determine the coefficient of discharge of a venturimeter. A venturimeter uses Bernoulli's principle to measure fluid flow rate by creating a pressure difference from a constricted throat section. The experiment involves measuring the pressure drop through the venturimeter, collecting the output flow over a period of time, and using equations relating flow rate, pressure, and geometry to calculate the theoretical discharge and actual discharge. The coefficient of discharge is the ratio of actual to theoretical discharge.

Uploaded by

Chibuike Charles
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Venturimeter

Aim:- To determine the coefficient of discharge of given venturimeter.

Apparatus Required:- Venturi meter, differential manometer, collecting tank, piezometer,


stopwatch, measuring scale .

Theory
Venturi meter is a flow measurement device, which is based on the principle of Bernoulli's
equation. Inside the pipe pressure difference is created by reducing the cross-sectional area of the
flow passage. This difference in pressure is measured with the help of manometer and helps in
determining rate of fluid flow or other discharge from the pipe line. Venturi meter has a cylindrical
entrance section, converging conical inlet, a cylindrical throat and a diverging recovery cone. The
major disadvantages of this type of flow detection are the high initial costs for installation and
difficulty in installation and inspection. The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that
results when a fluid flows through a constricted section of pipe. The fluid velocity must increase
through the constriction to satisfy the equation of continuity, while its pressure must decrease due to
conservation of energy: the gain in kinetic energy is balanced by a drop in pressure or a pressure
gradient force. An equation for the drop in pressure due to venturi effect may be derived from a
combination of Bernoulli’s principle and the equation of continuity.

Let, d1 = Diameter at inlet or at section 1

V1 = velocity of fluid at section 1

P1 = Pressure at section 1

and d2, V2, a2 and P2 are the corresponding values at section 2.

Applying Bernoulli’s equations at section 1 and section 2, we get,


Since the pipe is horizontal, so z1 = z2

Now applying continuity equation at section 1 and 2

Substituting value of v1 in equation (1.4) we


Where x = difference between the liquid column in U tube, ρL = density of lighter liquid, ρ =
density of liquid flowing through pipe.

But, discharge through venturimeter,

Q=a2v2

Equation (1.5) gives the discharge under ideal conditions and is called as theoretical discharge.
Actual discharge is given by,
Actual discharge = Coefficient of venturimeter x Theoretical discharge

Procedure:-
1. A pipe is selected of required diameter.
2. The main inlet is opened to allow water t flow through the selected diameter pipe.
3. Open the pipe valve, and change the knot of manometer from isolate position to air- vent
position to remove the air inside the pipe.
4. The knot is then kept in the read position and note down the manometer reading.
5. Water is allowed to flow through the selected venturimeter and this flow is made constant.
At this flow rate the difference in pressure between inlet and throat is measured.
6. The exit valve of the collecting tank is closed and time taken for the tank water to be noted.

Observation
d1 =
d2=
Area A1 =
Area A2 =
Area of collecting tank (A)
Head loss ( H) =
Acceleration due to gravity (g)
Calculations
Qact =

Qth =

Cd =
Results :- Coefficient of discharge of venturimetre is =

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