NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY

Assignment # 1

Submitted by: Syeda Itrat Zainab Shirazi

Semester: 3rd

Department: BS Economics (GPP)

Course: Statistics

Date of submission: 18th October, 2021

Submitted to: Ma’am Nazia Rehman

 Contents
Question # 1 .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

Each of the 70 trainees at a secretarial college was asked to type a copy of a particular document. The times
taken are shown correct to the nearest 0.1 minutes in the following table: .......................................................... 1

(a) Explain why the interval for the classes has a width 0.3 minutes? .................................................................1

(b) Represent the times taken in the histogram. ..................................................................................................2

(c) Estimate to the nearest second, the upper boundary of the times taken by the fastest trainees. ..................4

Question # 2 .......................................................................................................................................................... 5

Coconuts are packed into 75 crates with 40 of a similar size. 46 crates contain coconuts with a total mass from
20 up to but not including 25, 22 crates contain coconuts with a total mass from 25 up to but not including 40kg,
7 crates contain coconuts with a total mass from 40 up to not including 54 kg. ..................................................... 5

(a) Calculate the mean mass of a crate of coconut. .............................................................................................5

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 Question # 1

Each of the 70 trainees at a secretarial college was asked to type a copy of a particular document.
The times taken are shown correct to the nearest 0.1 minutes in the following table:
Time 2.6 – 2.8 2.9 – 3.1 3.2 – 3.4 3.5 – 3.7
No. of trainees 15 25 20 10

(a) Explain why the interval for the classes has a width 0.3 minutes?
(b) Represent the times taken in a histogram.
(c) Estimate to the nearest second, the upper boundary of the times taken by the fastest
trainees.
Solution:

(a) Explain why the interval for the classes has a width 0.3 minutes?

Time No. of trainees

2.6 – 2.8 15

2.9 – 3.1 25

3.2 – 3.4 20

3.5 – 3.7 10
As,
Highest value = 3.7
Lowest value = 2.6
Therefore,
Range = Highest value – Lowest value
Range = 3.7 – 2.6
Range = 1.1 minutes
As the given number of classes are 4;

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This implies that,

Class intervals =

h=

h = 0.275 minutes 0.3 minutes

h = 0.3 minutes

The class interval can also be calculated by subtracting the upper class limit from the next upper
class limit. In this case,
Class interval = h = 3.1 – 2.8
Class interval = h = 0.3 minutes

(b) Represent the times taken in the histogram.

Writing the data in the form of a table to draw histogram

Time Class Boundaries No. of trainees/frequency

2.6 – 2.8 2.55 – 2.85 15

2.9 – 3.1 2.85 – 3.15 25

3.2 – 3.4 3.15 – 3.45 20

3.5 – 3.7 3.45 – 3.75 10

The value to be added and subtracted from class intervals to get the class boundaries can be
calculated by subtracting the upper class limit of a class from the lower class limit of the next
class and dividing it by 2. In this case;
Lower class limit of 2nd class = 2.9
Upper class limit of 1st class = 2.8
Difference = 2.9 – 2.8 = 0.1

Value = = = 0.05

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Subtracting 0.05 from lower class limits;
2.6 – 0.05 = 2.55
2.9 – 0.05 = 2.85
3.2 – 0.05 = 3.15
3.5 – 0.05 = 3.45
Adding 0.05 to upper class limits;
2.8 + 0.05 = 2.85
3.1 + 0.05 = 3.15
3.4 + 0.05 = 3.45
3.7 + 0.05 = 3.75

Histogram
2.55-2.85
2.85-3.15
30
3.15-3.45
No. of trainees / Frequency (units)

3.45-3.75
25

20 A
Histogram
15 of time
taken by
the
10
trainees to
type the
5 copy of a
particular
0 document
2.55-2.85 2.85-3.15 3.15-3.45 3.45-3.75

Time (minutes)

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 (c) Estimate to the nearest second, the upper boundary of the times taken by the fastest
trainees.

The number of trainees to complete the typing of document is 15 as they completed it within the
first 2.6 to 2.8 minutes. To mark the upper boundary of the time taken by the fastest trainees, we
need to specify the class with fastest trainees, i.e. frequency is 15.

Time Class Boundaries No. of trainees/frequency

2.6 – 2.8 2.55 – 2.85 15

2.9 – 3.1 2.85 – 3.15 25

3.2 – 3.4 3.15 – 3.45 20

3.5 – 3.7 3.45 – 3.75 10

Upper boundary of the time taken by fastest trainees = 2.85 minutes

To convert minutes into seconds, multiply the time by 60
Upper boundary of the time taken by fastest trainees = 2.85 × 60 seconds
Upper boundary of the time taken by fastest trainees = 171 seconds

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 Question # 2

Coconuts are packed into 75 crates with 40 of a similar size. 46 crates contain coconuts with a
total mass from 20 up to but not including 25, 22 crates contain coconuts with a total mass from
25 up to but not including 40kg, 7 crates contain coconuts with a total mass from 40 up to not
including 54 kg.

(a) Calculate the mean mass of a crate of coconut.

As total number of crates (frequency) is given, therefor data is grouped.

Representing the data in the form of frequency distribution table:

Mass No. of crates Class boundaries Midpoints (x) xƒ

20 – 24 46 19.5 – 24.5 22 1012
25 – 39 22 24.5 – 39.5 32 704
40 – 53 07 39.5 – 53.5 46.5 325.5
- ∑ƒ = 75 - - ∑ xƒ = 2041.5

The total number of crates of coconuts = ∑ƒ = 46 + 22 + 07 = 75

The value to be added and subtracted from class intervals to get the class boundaries can be
calculated by subtracting the upper class limit of a class from the lower class limit of the next
class and dividing it by 2. In this case;
Lower class limit of 2nd class = 25
Upper class limit of 1st class = 24
Difference = 28 – 24 = 1

Value = = = 0.5
Value = 0.5

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Subtracting 0.5 from lower class limits;
20 – 0.5 = 19.5
25 – 0.5 = 24.5
40 – 0.5 = 39.5

Adding 0.5 to upper class limits;

24 + 0.5 = 24.5
39 + 0.5 = 39.5
53 + 0.5 = 53.5

The midpoints (x) are calculated by taking mean of upper and lower class boundaries

= = = 22

= = = 32

= = = 46.5

For the last column,

= × = 22 × 46 = 1012

= × = 32 × 22 = 704

= × = 46.5 × 07 = 325.5

The sum of

∑ xƒ = + +

∑ xƒ = 1012 + 704 + 325.5

∑ xƒ = 2041.5

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The formula to find the mean of grouped data is

Arithmetic Mean = x =

x=

x = 27.22 kg

The mean mass of a crate of coconut is 27.22 kg approximately equal to 28kg.