Traditional Games and Sports: Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV
Traditional Games and Sports: Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV
Traditional Games and Sports: Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
DISCUSSION PROPER
LARO NG LAHI
Philippines is rich in traditional games that mark in the heart of the 90's Filipino
Children, back when electronic devices weren't common. As kids we had made bounds and
leaps to make past time - fun time.
These Larong Lahi usually played using the native materials or instruments. And due
to limited resources of the toys, young Filipinos used their creativity of creating and inventing
games without the need of anything but the players themselves and make the game more
interesting and challenging.
Laro ng Lahi is a cultural treasure (yaman ng lahi) cherished by generations of
Filipinos. It favorite past-time that is close to the hearts of Filipinos, encompassing
generations from our grandparents, to our parents, and among the youth & toddlers of
today.
Module 3 Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV 2
Considering that almost 60% of the mass population in the Philippines don't have
computers and still can't afford the high-tech game gadgets, the Filipino Traditional Street
Games are still a favorite past-time among children in heavy urban areas and provinces.
The Filipino games bring good memories of friendship and fun among those who
have played it. It brings a smile among our elders whenever they remember the days when
they used to play it. It brings out the child among our parents when they mention it, and
vividly remembering their childhood playmates and the neighborhood where they use to play
it. It every adult's wish for the new generation of Filipino to experience the fun of the
Traditional Street Games.
1. It is locally organized.
2. Have few rules. The rules are not written and enforced.
3. Have few roles or positions for players.
4. Use simple skills.
5. Have participations restricted to either boys or girls or men or women.
6. It lack of precise boundaries or special facilities.
7. Use little or no equipment.
8. It is controlled by players rather than by referee.
9. Give men (boys) the opportunity for competition and self-testing, but give women
(girls) the opportunity to practice cooperation.
10. Utilize the observation and imitation methods of learning rather than any kind of
sophisticated teaching or coaching.
2. Games of Strategy
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The game is determined by success achieved through the rational choices of the
players. Example: games of strategy includes military games such the defense of
targets against attack. This game allows the players to make use of their ingenuity in
order to influence the outcome. Many games of strategy are combined with physical
skills; however, there are two types:
i. Games where element of luck is absent.
ii. Games of chance where the element of luck is a factor in the outcome.
3. Games of Chance
The outcome is determined by players luck (good or bad). These games combine
luck with physical skills and/or strategy. It is usually played for money or atakes, in
which the winner is determined by a chance event, as by drawing numbers or
throwing dice. The two types of these games are guessing and gambling game.
i. Guessing game
A guessing game is a game in which the object is to guess some kind of
information, such as word, a phrase, a title, or the location of an object.
ii. Gambling games
The game played for stakes in the hope of winning including the payment
of a prize for a chance to win a prize.
4. Games of Memory
The outcome is determined by player’s ability to remember. This challenge the
memory, this usually found combined with verbal game, rhythm games and even
physical skill games.
5. Rhythm Games
The outcome is determined by players’ musical skills combined with skills, e.g.
chanting, clapping hands or playing an instrument to provide the beat or cadence for
performance.
6. Simulation Games
The outcome is determined by players’ ability to copy either one another or some
other person or thing. This type of game is an attempt to simulate the decision and
processes inherent to some real-world situation. Most of the mechanics are chosen
to reflect what the real-world consequences would be of each player action and
decision. There are three different types of simulation:
i. Mimicry games, where players copy actions, sounds of appearance of
people, objects or animals from their environment.
ii. Imitation games, where players copy the skill performance of others,
usually in an effort to become skillful themselves.
iii. Dramatic play, where players act out situations and to try different “roles”.
7. Verbal Games
The outcome is determined by players’ ability to combine their memory with their use
of words. Verbal games are considered especially important means for practicing oral
skills in those societies where writing has yet to develop. Perceptive awareness,
association and logic are components of cognitive skills. These skills are extremely
important. However, verbal games combine memory and strategy skills.
Level
Rules Few, Simple and Oral Many, Elaborate and Written
Skills Simple, Common Complex and Specialized
Gender Specific Games: Both gender play same
Gender of Players
Seldom Played Together sports, Sometimes together
No precise boundaries,
Define boundaries, time
Procedures duration, or number of
limits, number of players
players
Common, low or no coat, Specialized, High cost,
Equipment
made by players Manufactured
Outside officials and
Social Control By players in the game
Bureaucracy
For males: self-testing, For For both genders:
Social Interaction Model
females: cooperative Cooperative
Formal instruction and
Learning Process Observation and Imitation
coaching
Process oriented meaning Results oriented meaning
that the activity itself is more that there are clear cut
Outcome
important than the end winner and losers as result
results. of a play.
This is not necessarily something negative, but sometimes we will find that our
children completely abandon traditional children's games that have so much to offer. As
always, neither extreme is recommended, it’s great that children have fun with new
technologies, but they should also find enjoyment with their parents and in the street, with
their friends, playing classic games that have entertained so many previous generations.
Traditional games give happiness to both mind as well as having good health, it
also helps the children to maintain good emotional stability. And it keeps them fit and
healthy.
Children will always continue to enjoy games from the past, as long as they learn
to play them. These games can also be of great benefit to them, they require physical
activity, social skills, creativity, imagination, competition, camaraderie.
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Quite simply, traditional children's games stimulate their growth, physically as well
as intellectually. They will also help them to make friends.
It is prove that traditional Filipino street games could benefit every child who plays
such traditional street games in Philippines. Also, to introduce the traditional Filipino street
games to the new generations up to the next generation.
It has different varieties and commonly played by children in the Philippines
according to (Samahang Makasining (Artist Club), 2009)
Traditional games help the social, emotional stability, mental learning and
physical abilities of Filipino children.
Traditional games help the social, emotional stability, mental learning and
physical abilities of Filipino children who play these games.
Larong Pinoy is all about giving kids fun in the communities where they live, at the
same time, promote healthy outdoor activities through play.
TSG helps children to retain their playful attitude which contributes to open-
mindedness, creativity, and flexibility, and problem solving (Calixihan, 2010).
OTHER BENEFITS OF TRADITIONAL GAMES AND SPORTS
1. Heart and Circulatory System. Regular exercise or playing healthy games makes
the heart muscles stronger and more efficient. The heartbeats of an athlete do
not increase appreciably even when doing something requiring physical exertion
and revert very soon to the normal rate afterwards.
4. The skin: The pores of the skin open up during exercise. The result is a
healthier skin, because of more efficient disposal of impurities and dirt.
There are a lot of Filipino Traditional Games, and many of these are as challenging
and competitive as Western-style games. Here are some of the list of Traditional Filipino
Games:
PIKO
Piko is a popular game played in yards or alleys. A geometric figure is drawn on the
ground and provided with divisions or compartments. Piko is unbelievably old. When ancient
Roman cities were dug up, drawings of hopscotch lines were found on the stone floors
Everywhere, it is played for one aim to win a place to call one’s own. In the
Philippines the game is also known as “kipkip”, “pikuba”, “laban” and “segking”.
Preparation
Draw the playing court on the ground with a sharp stick. (Five rectangles arranged
vertically with rectangles 3 and 5 divided equally (3a and 3b) and (5a and 5b) and (a half
moon for no. 6) A horizontal line is also drawn on the 4th rectangle to be used for manuhan
purposes .
Note. A piece of chalk, charcoal or a roll of masking tape may be used if the court will be
drawn on a stone or cemented floor.
6
5a 5b
4
3a 3b
2
1
Make available flat pieces of stones which may be used as “pamato” A brick chips,
the bottom piece of a clay pot or a smooth chunk of window glass maybe used, too.
2. Take turns in tossing your “pamato” to the dividing line in rectangle no. 4. The player
who tosses his pamato closest to this line, play first. This is called “ manohan”.
3. If you are the first player, toss your pamato to rectangle no. 1. Neither the player nor
thepamato must touch the line otherwise you lose your turn.
4. Start hopping or skipping through the compartments. Avoid stepping on the part
where your “pamato” is.
5. Land on both feet when you reach compartment no. 6. Landing in both feet is only
allowed in this compartment and in other areas which you may earn after successfully
finishing the game. These areas will be called your home or “bahay”. No other player
can step on this are.
6. Pick your “pamato” on your way home starting from rectangle no. 5.
7. After you have played in the entire rectangle, toss your pamato strong enough from
compartment no. 6 to pass over rectangle no. 1. Hop again passing no. 5 to no. 1
them jump over your “pamato”.
8. Pick up your pamato and with your back turned against the rectangle play area, toss
your pamato towards the direction of the play area. The compartment where the
pamato lands becomes your home or “bahay”. You may write your name on your
“bahay”.
9. Start the game all over again without passing through the homes won by players. The
owner of the home or “bahay” is the only privileged player to land on his home or
“bahay”.
10. Play the game all over again until all compartments have been won as homes. The
player with the most number of homes, wins.
TATSING
“Tatsing” is a game enjoyed by youngsters in the backyard. “Tatsing” comes from the
English word touching.
The objective of the game is to hit the bottle caps out of the square with one’s stone
or “pamato” from the tow line. The player, who hits the most number of bottle caps out of the
square, wins.
The bottle caps may be substituted with marbles, rubber bands and coins.
CULLIOT
PREPARATION
Look for safe place where the players can play
Draw a centerline and two borderlines which should be one meter away from the
centerline.
Make available a 15 meter long rope with a diameter of 3.81 centimeters.
PATINTERO
Patintero or “Harang Taga” is the most popular among the Philippine games. It is
played every- where, anytime of the day most especially at night during full moon.
A team is composed of five (5) players and a coach. The officials of the game are
the referee, scorer, timekeeper and five (5) linesmen. Two teams compete (the offensive and
the defensive teams) to accumulate as many points by passing the lines without being tagged.
The defensive team is called the line guards while the offensive team is called the “passers”.
The objective of a team is to accumulate as many points by passing the lines without being
tagged.
PREPARATION
Draw a patintero court with a length of 13.5 and a width of 7 meters. Divide the
court into six courts by dividing the length into three and the width into two.
If the offensive team continues to earn a score for sometime, the defensive team is
shouted at “bagoong” by the offensive players. The game continues until a turnover is called.
Scoring
Each width line will have corresponding points as follows:
SANGKAYAW
hands.
PREPARATION
Draw a starting line and finish line with a distance of twenty (20) meters.
Make available a pair of cadang in front of each team. A team may be composed of
ten (10) to twelve (12) players.
On signal, the first player of each team walks with his coconut shell (hush) towards his
goal line.
Upon reaching the goal line, be turns around with his stilt and returns to the starting line.
The next player gets the pair of cadang and does the same.
The third, fourth, up to the last player repeat the procedure.
The first team to finish the race, wins.
A team whose player walks for more than two (2) steps after a fall will be disqualified.
TIYAKAD
This is a Philippine game with the use of bamboo stilts. Two bamboo poles of equal
length are used with a foot size tongue in each pole to serve as platform for the player’s
feet. The prin- ciple of the game is to walk on stilt from a starting line to the finish line. The
length to be traveled is 100 meters.
PREPARATION
Draw two (2) parallel lines with
a distance of 100 meters apart
to serve as starting l and finish
line.
Mark every 25th meter
mark. He gets off from the stilts, hand then down to the second player who does the
same while going to the 50th mark.
The third and fourth players repeat the pattern until all players have experienced the
bamboo stilt race.
The first team that reaches the finish line without getting off the stilts, wins.
A team will be disqualified if:
a. a player falls twice from the bamboo stilts.
b. a player walks for more than two steps after a fall
VARIATION
Each player walk on stilt from the starting line to the finish line. The length to be
traveled is one hundred (100) meters. The first player that reaches the finish line without
getting off the stilts, wins.
TUMBANG PRESO
This is a very common game played in the backyard or even in streets with less
vehicular traffic. It started during the Spanish regime in the Tagalog region. It was handed
down in the different parts of the country and was given different names. The equipment
needed are empty milk can, slipper or a piece of flat stone used as “pamato”.
PREPARATION
Make available an empty milk can, some slippers or pieces of flat stones which may
be used as “pamato”.
Draw a starting line or a toe-line about five (5) meters away from a small circle where
the empty milk can will be placed to be guarded by the “It”.
If the can topples down, you can retrieve your pamato and run immediately to your
home base. The “It” will try to return the can to an upright position inside the circle.
He then runs after the players who try to retrieve their stones. Any player tagged
becomes the next “It”.
If the can is hit and goes off the circle but remains standing, the “It” has the right to
Module 3 Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV 12
tag the hitter once the hitter leaves the toe-line. In this case, you may kick or knock
down the can to save other players who have not retrieved their stones.
AGAWAN BASE
(lit. catch and own a corner): the it or tagger stands in the middle of the ground. The
players in the corners will try to exchange places by running from one base to another. The
it should try to secure a corner or base by rushing to any of those when it is vacant. This is
called "agawangsulok " in some variants, and "bilaran" in others.
BAHAY BAHAYAN
CHINESE GARTER
HOLEN
The lyrics:
Jack 'n' Poy, hale-hale-hoy! (Jack and Poy, hale-hale-
hoy!) Sinong matalo s'yang unggoy! (Whoever loses is
the monkey!)
LANGIT LUPA
LUKSONG TINIK
LUKSONG BAKA
making it harder for the other players to jump over them. A person becomes the it when they
touch the baka as they jump. It will repeat continuously until the players declare the player or
until the players decide to stop the game most of the time once they get tired. It is the
Filipino version of Leapfrog.
PALOSEBO
PITIK BULAG
TSATO
ACTIVITY 1
1. Form a group and play the different team games.
2. Were you able to play all of the team games presented in this lesson? If not, what
games were you able to play?
3. Can you identity the desirable values derived from playing team indigenous games?
ACTIVITY 2
Find out if you can identify these indigenous games by the equipment/materials or playing field
they use. Can you tell the title of the game of each picture?
Module 3 Physical Activities Towards Health and Fitness IV 17
ACTIVITY 3
Rearrange the letters of the word or words to identify the statement. Write the
rearranged word on a separate sheet.
SUMMARY
Traditional Games (Indigenous Games/ Laro ng Lahi) these are
games played by using native materials or instruments.
The main categories of traditional games are games of physical skills, games
of strategy, games of chance, and games of memory, rhythm games,
simulation games and verbal games.
REFERENCES
Lopez, Mellie L. 2001. A Study of Philippine Games. UP Diliman, Quezon City.
University of the Philippines Press.
Bartolome, Candido C. 1975 Philippine Recreational Games. Quezon City.
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