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HW1 2.2 Solution

The document provides solutions to several calculus limit problems involving determining limits as x approaches various values based on graphs of functions f(x), h(x), and A(x). The solutions analyze the left and right-hand limits to determine if the limit exists or is infinite as x approaches the given values from different sides. Vertical and horizontal asymptotes are also identified from the graphs.

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57 views

HW1 2.2 Solution

The document provides solutions to several calculus limit problems involving determining limits as x approaches various values based on graphs of functions f(x), h(x), and A(x). The solutions analyze the left and right-hand limits to determine if the limit exists or is infinite as x approaches the given values from different sides. Vertical and horizontal asymptotes are also identified from the graphs.

Uploaded by

Gia Bảo Phùng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Exercise Solution HW1 (2.

2)

4. Use the given graph of f to state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not exist, explain
why.
(a) lim f (x) (b) lim f (x) (c) lim f (x) (d) f (2) (e) lim f (x) (f) f (4)
x→2− x→2+ x→2 x→4

Sol.
(a) As x approaches 2 from the left, the values of f (x) approach 3, so lim− f (x) = 3.
x→2
(b) As x approaches 2 from the right, the values of f (x) approach 1, so lim f (x) = 1. (Note that
x→2+
you don’t need to consider the exact value at x = 2 when finding the limit.)
(c) lim f (x) does not exist since the left-hand limit does not equal the right-hand limit. (This will
x→2
be the most common way to argue whether a limit exists.)
(d) From the graph, f (2) = 3.
(e) As x approaches 4 from the both side, the values of f (x) approach 4, so lim f (x) = 4.
x→2
(f) There is no value of f (x) when x = 4, so f (4) does not exist.

6. For the function h whose graph is given, state the value of each quantity, if it exists. If it does not
exist, explain why.
(a) lim − h(x) (b) lim − h(x) (c) lim + h(x) (d) h(−3) (e) lim h(x) (f) lim− h(x)
x→−3 x→−3 x→−3 x→−3 x→0
(g) lim+ h(x) (h) h(0) (i) lim h(x) (j) h(2) (k) lim+ h(x) (l) lim− h(x)
x→0 x→2 x→5 x→5

Sol.
(a) h(x) approaches 4 as x approaches -3 from the left, so lim h(x) = 4.
x→−3−
(b) h(x) approaches 4 as x approaches -3 from the right, so lim h(x) = 4.
x→−3+
(c) lim h(x) = 4 because the limits in part (a) and (b) are equal.
x→−3+
(d) h(−3) is not defined, so it doesn’t exist.
(e) h(x) approaches 1 as x approaches 0 from the left, so lim h(x) = 1.
x→0−
(f) h(x) approaches -1 as x approaches 0 from the right, so lim+ h(x) = −1.
x→0

1
(g) lim h(x) does not exist because the limits in part (e) and (f) are not equal.
x→0
(h) h(0) = 1 since the point (0,1) is on the graph of h.
(i) Since lim− h(x) = 2 = lim+ h(x), we have lim h(x) = 2.
x→2 x→2 x→2
(j) h(2) is not defined, so it doesn’t exist.
(k) h(x) approaches 3 as x approaches 5 from the right, so lim h(x) = 3.
x→5+
(l) h(x) doesn’t approach any number as x approaches 5 from the left, so lim h(x) doesn’t exist.
x→5−

8. For the function A whose graph is shown, state the following.


(a) lim A(x) (b) lim− A(x) (c) lim+ A(x) (d) lim A(x) (e) The equations of the vertical asymptotes.
x→−3 x→2 x→2 x→−1

Sol.
(a) lim A(x) = ∞
x→−3
(b) lim− A(x) = −∞
x→2
(c) lim+ A(x) = ∞
x→2
(d) lim A(x) = −∞
x→−1
(e) The equations of the vertical asymptotes are x = −3, x = −1, and x = 2.

12. Sketch the graph of the function and use it to determine the values of a for which limx→a f (x) exists.

Sol.

2
From the graph of f we see that lim− f (x) = 2 but lim+ f (x) = 1, so lim f (x) does not exist for
x→2 x→2 x→a
a = 2. However, it exists for all other values of a. Thus, lim f (x) exists for all a in (−∞, 2)∪(2, ∞)
x→a
(or R \ {2})

32. Determine the infinite limit. √


x
lim−
x→3 (x − 3)5

Sol. √
x
lim = −∞ since the numerator is positive and the denominator approaches 0 from the
x→3− (x − 3)5
negative side as x → 3− .

34. Determine the infinite limit.


lim ln(sin x)
x→0+

Sol.
lim ln(sin x) = −∞ since sin x → 0+ as x → 3− and ln x → −∞ as x → 0+ .
x→0+

36. Determine the infinite limit.


lim x cot x
x→π −

Sol.
lim− x cot x = −∞ since x is positive and cot x → −∞ as x → pi− .
x→π

38. Determine the infinite limit.


x2 + 4x
lim−
x→3 x2 − x2 − 3
Sol.
x2 + 4x x(x + 4)
lim− 2 2
= lim− = −∞ since the numerator is positive and the denomi-
x→3 x − x − 3 x→3 (x − 3)(x − 1)
nator approaches 0 through negative values as x → 3− . (Remember to do factorization first when
facing rational functions if possible!)

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