Class 7 Heat and Effects

RYAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, SECTOR 31,
GURUGRAM
CLASS VII
SUBJECT: SCIENCE
CHAPTER:HEAT AND ITS EFFECTS
SECTION C
Q1:List four effects that heat produces.
Ans- Four effects of heat are as follows:
1. Change in temperature - When water is heated, its temperature increases and

it starts boiling.
2. Change in State - On boiling water, steam is evolved, i.e., the its liquid
state changes to its gaseous state.
3. Expansion - While heating water, some of it overflows due to expansion, i.e.,
increase in volume.
4. Chemical change - When vegetables are boiled in water while cooking, they
become soft and their taste changes. Thus, a chemical change occurs in the
vegetables
Q2:What does a bimetallic strip consist of?
Ans- A bimetallic strip consists of two metal strips, one of iron and the other of brass,
bolted together firmly. The two metals expand at different rate on heating. Brass
expands more than iron on heating, thereby bending the bimetallic strip towards the iron
strip. And, after returning to the room temperature, the strip straightens as before.
Q3:A steel bridge expands in summer. What precautions are taken to make sure
this expansion does not damage the bridge?
Ans-A steel bridge expands in the summers. One of its end is fixed and the other end is
made to rest on rollers with enough space for expansion. This allows the bridge to
expand easily without taking any damage.
Q4:How are temperature and hotness of a body related?
Ans- Hotter the body, higher is its temperature. Hence, hotness of a body is directly
proportional to its temperature.
Q5:What do you mean by 'upper fixed point'?

Ans- Upper fixed point is the temperature at which pure water boils at the sea level. In
the Celsius scale, the upper fixed point is 100 oC, and in the Fahrenheit scale, it is 212oF.
Q6:Why does a clinical thermometer have a kink in its stem?
Ans- As soon as the thermometer is taken out of our mouth, i.e., from a hotter region to
a colder region, the mercury in it starts contracting and tends to flow back into the bulb.
The kink in the stem prevents the mercury from falling back immediately, thereby giving
us the accurate reading of our body temperature.
SECTION D
Q1:Explain why a substance expands on heating.
Ans- When a substance is heated, its molecular movement increases. Due to this, the
average distance between the molecules also increases, thereby increasing the volume
of the substance, i.e., expanding the substance. However, the movement of molecules
depends upon the state of matter. Solids have tightly packed molecules; hence, least
movement of molecules takes place leading to minimal expansion. In liquids, the
molecules are less tightly packed as compared to solids; hence, they expand more than
solids. Molecules of gases have no bonding at all; therefore, gases expand the most
among the three.
Q2:Explain why gases expand more than liquids and solids.
Ans- Gases comprise loosely packed molecules as compared to that of liquids and
solids. Therefore, when the gases are heated, there is a huge vibration in their
molecules, thereby increasing the average distance between them. In case of solids and
liquids, there is a strong bonding between their molecules; therefore on heating, these
molecules vibrate but less comparatively to gases where the bonding between
molecules is almost nil. Hence, in solids and liquids, expansion will take place but less
than gases.
Q3:Expansion on heating can be a nuisance. Explain giving two examples.
Ans- Expansion due to heating can be a nuisance. This is explained below with the help
of the following examples:
1. Railway tracks are made up of iron which expands during the summers. Hence, if
no gap is left between two conjoined tracks, they will bend and result into serious
accidents.
2. A steel bridge also expands during the summers. This is the reason why one end
of a steel bridge is fixed and the other rested on rollers with enough space on its front to
allow it to expand easily. If this is not done, it will only cause serious damage to the
bridge.
Q4:Convert: 25 °C to °F and 86 °F to °C
Ans- Equation to convert oC to oF ⇒ oF = (95) oC + 32

When oC = 25
o
F = (95)25 + 32
o
F = 45 + 32
o
F = 77
Equation to convert oF to oC ⇒ oC = (59)(oF - 32)

o
C = (59)(86 - 32)
o
C = (59)(54)
o
C = 30
Q5:Calculate the temperature at which the reading on the Fahrenheit scale is
double the reading on the Celsius scale.
Ans- Let the temperature be C=x, then on the Fahrenheit scale the temperature will be
F=2x
Now, the relation between C and F is: C = 5/9 (F-32)
Putting the value of C = x and F = 2x in the above equation
We get, x = 5/9 (2x-32)
x = 10x/9 -160/9
x= 160
Hence, when the temperature is 160 oC, then on the Fahrenheit scale it will be 320oF.
Extra Question :What precautions will you take while measuring temperature with
a laboratory thermometer? What extra precaution will you take while measuring
body temperature with a clinical thermometer?
Ans- Precautions that should be taken while using a laboratory thermometer for
measuring temperature are as follows:
• It should be properly washed before and after use.

• It should be kept upright while reading the temperature.
• Its bulb should be properly dipped into the liquid or perfectly touched to the
surface of the material whose temperature is being measured.
• Its bulb should not touch the surface of the container in which the material or
liquid has been placed.
• It should be handled with care, as it is made up of a glass tube.
Precautions that should be taken while using a clinical thermometer for measuring
body temperature are as follows:
• Sterilise the thermometer using an antiseptic solution before and after its use.
• Ensure that the mercury level is below 35oC before measuring the
temperature.
• Take the reading keeping the level of mercury along the line of sight.
• Avoid holding it by its bulb while reading the temperature.
Extra Question:Explain with the help of a labelled diagram an experiment to show

that liquids expand when heated.
Ans- Take a flask filled with a liquid up to its brim. Take a rubber cork with a hole in it
and insert a glass tube in it. Now, fit the cork tightly on the mouth of the flask. You will
notice that the the level of the liquid will rise in the tube. Note down the level in the tube
and start heating the flask. Initially, the liquid level will drop, but after a few moments it
will start rising. At first the liquid level will fall due to the expansion of the flask on
heating; then when this heat reaches the liquid, it starts expanding. Only at this time you
will notice that the level of liquid is rising in the tube. After cooling back the liquid to its
normal temperature, the level will drop again.
Extra Question:Give one example where expansion on heating is put to good use.
Explain the working with the help of a labelled diagram.
Ans- Automatic fire alarm is an example of expansion on heating, which is put to good
use. The fire alarm works on the principle that different solids expand differently when
heated. An automatic fire alarm consists of a bimetallic strip which have two different
metals strips, iron and brass, bolted together firmly. Brass expands more than iron on
heating. Therefore, when fire will reach this bimetallic strip, the brass will expand more
thereby bending it towards the iron strip. Due to this bending of the strip, the circuit for
the electric bell is completed and it starts ringing as the fire alarm. Once the strip cools
down, it will return to its original shape, i.e., straighten up to break the circuit and stop
the alarm.

Class 7 Heat and Effects

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Class 7 Heat and Effects

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Class 7 Heat and Effects

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

RYAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, SECTOR 31,

Ans- Four effects of heat are as follows:

1. Change in temperature - When water is heated, its temperature increases and

Q2:What does a bimetallic strip consist of?

Q4:How are temperature and hotness of a body related?

Q5:What do you mean by 'upper fixed point'?

Q6:Why does a clinical thermometer have a kink in its stem?

Q2:Explain why gases expand more than liquids and solids.

Q3:Expansion on heating can be a nuisance. Explain giving two examples.

Ans- Equation to convert oC to oF ⇒ oF = (95) oC + 32

Equation to convert oF to oC ⇒ oC = (59)(oF - 32)

• It should be properly washed before and after use.

Extra Question:Explain with the help of a labelled diagram an experiment to show

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.