PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

January 2011

GCE

GCE Physics (6PH01) Paper 01

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GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011

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January 2011
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GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011

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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark
the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.

• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded

for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for
omissions.

• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to

their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.

• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should

be used appropriately.

• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if
the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark
scheme.

• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the

principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.

• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark

scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.

• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.

Quality of Written Communication

Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:

• write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in

order to make the meaning clear
• select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to
complex subject matter
• organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary
when appropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in
the mark scheme, but this does not preclude others.

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Mark scheme notes

Underlying principle

The mark scheme will clearly indicate the concept that is being rewarded, backed up by
examples. It is not a set of model answers.

For example:

(iii) Horizontal force of hinge on table top

66.3 (N) or 66 (N) and correct indication of direction [no ue] 9 1

[Some examples of direction: acting from right (to left) / to the left / West
/ opposite direction to horizontal. May show direction by arrow. Do not
accept a minus sign in front of number as direction.]

This has a clear statement of the principle for awarding the mark, supported by some
examples illustrating acceptable boundaries.

1. Mark scheme format

1.1 You will not see ‘wtte’ (words to that effect). Alternative correct wording
should be credited in every answer unless the ms has specified specific words
that must be present. Such words will be indicated by underlining e.g.
‘resonance’
1.2 Bold lower case will be used for emphasis.
1.3 Round brackets ( ) indicate words that are not essential e.g. “(hence) distance
is increased”.
1.4 Square brackets [ ] indicate advice to examiners or examples e.g. [Do not
accept gravity] [ecf].

2. Unit error penalties

2.1 A separate mark is not usually given for a unit but a missing or incorrect unit
will normally mean that the final calculation mark will not be awarded.
2.2 Incorrect use of case e.g. ‘Watt’ or ‘w’ will not be penalised.
2.3 There will be no unit penalty applied in ‘show that’ questions or in any other
question where the units to be used have been given, for example in a
spreadsheet.
2.4 The same missing or incorrect unit will not be penalised more than once within
one question (one clip in epen).
2.5 Occasionally, it may be decided not to penalise a missing or incorrect unit e.g.
the candidate may be calculating the gradient of a graph, resulting in a unit
that is not one that should be known and is complex.
2.6 The mark scheme will indicate if no unit error penalty is to be applied by means
of [no ue].

3. Significant figures
3.1 Use of an inappropriate number of significant figures in the theory papers will
normally only be penalised in ‘show that’ questions where use of too few
significant figures has resulted in the candidate not demonstrating the validity
of the given answer.
3.2 The use of g = 10 m s-2 or 10 N kg-1 instead of 9.81 m s-2 or 9.81 N kg-1 will be
penalised by one mark (but not more than once per clip). Accept 9.8 m s-2 or
9.8 N kg-1

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4. Calculations
4.1 Bald (i.e. no working shown) correct answers score full marks unless in a ‘show
that’ question.
4.2 If a ‘show that’ question is worth 2 marks then both marks will be available for
a reverse working; if it is worth 3 marks then only 2 will be available.
4.3 use of the formula means that the candidate demonstrates substitution of
physically correct values, although there may be conversion errors e.g. power
of 10 error.
4.4 recall of the correct formula will be awarded when the formula is seen or
implied by substitution.
4.5 The mark scheme will show a correctly worked answer for illustration only.
4.6 Example of mark scheme for a calculation:

‘Show that’ calculation of weight

Use of L × W × H 9

Substitution into density equation with a volume and density 9

Correct answer [49.4 (N)] to at least 3 sig fig. [No ue] 9

[If 5040 g rounded to 5000 g or 5 kg, do not give 3rd mark; if conversion to kg
is omitted and then answer fudged, do not give 3rd mark]
[Bald answer scores 0, reverse calculation 2/3] 3

Example of answer:

80 cm × 50 cm × 1.8 cm = 7200 cm3

7200 cm3 × 0.70 g cm-3 = 5040 g

5040 × 10-3 kg × 9.81 N/kg

= 49.4 N

5. Quality of Written Communication

5.1 Indicated by QoWC in mark scheme. QWC – Work must be clear and organised in
a logical manner using technical wording where appropriate.
5.2 Usually it is part of a max mark, the final mark not being awarded unless the
QoWC condition has been satisfied.

6. Graphs
6.1 A mark given for axes requires both axes to be labelled with quantities and
units, and drawn the correct way round.
6.2 Sometimes a separate mark will be given for units or for each axis if the units
are complex. This will be indicated on the mark scheme.
6.3 A mark given for choosing a scale requires that the chosen scale allows all
points to be plotted, spreads plotted points over more than half of each axis
and is not an awkward scale e.g. multiples of 3, 7 etc.
6.4 Points should be plotted to within 1 mm.
• Check the two points furthest from the best line. If both OK award mark.
• If either is 2 mm out do not award mark.
• If both are 1 mm out do not award mark.
• If either is 1 mm out then check another two and award mark if both of
these OK, otherwise no mark.
6.5 For a line mark there must be a thin continuous line which is the best-fit line
for the candidate’s results.

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Question Answer Mark

Number
1 D 1
2 C 1
3 A 1
4 B 1
5 D 1
6 D 1
7 D 1
8 C 1
9 B 1
10 B 1

Question Answer Mark

Number
11* (QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using
technical wording where appropriate)

(N1:) No acceleration /
constant velocity (‘constant speed’ not sufficient)/
(at rest or) uniform motion in straight line (1)
unless unbalanced/net/resultant force (1)

[Converse: If ΣF = 0 / forces in equilibrium (‘body in equilibrium’,

‘equal forces’ not sufficient) 1 mark, there is no acceleration
(‘remains at rest’ not sufficient)1 mark]

(N2:) acceleration proportional to force / F = ma (1)

Qualify by stating resultant/net force / ΣF = ma (1)
(Reference to ‘resultant’ for N2 may be credited elsewhere in the
answer as they don’t always put it with F = ma, but it must be clearly
linked to N2.)
(‘External force’ not sufficient)

(For answers based on momentum, 'rate of change of momentum'

proportional to force / F = ∆(mv)/∆t)

If (resultant) force zero, N2 Æ acceleration = 0

OR acceleration only non-zero if (resultant) force non-zero. (1)

Names reversed, max 1 per each correctly, fully defined law (i.e. max
3)
Last mark not awarded if laws not explicitly identified within question

Total for question 11 5

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Question Answer Mark

Number
12* (QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using
technical wording where appropriate)

Small extension hard to measure accurately (or converse) (1)

Small extension gives large percentage uncertainty (or converse) (1)

Max 4 from
(thin wire has) small area (1)
stress = force/area (1)
so get a larger stress (for a given force) / don’t need such a large force /
need too much force needed if not thin (1)
greater extension - linked to thinner wire (1)

strain = extension/original length / extension original length (1)

greater extension - linked to longer length (1)
____________________________________________________________

(Alternative to equation marks:

Young modulus = stress / strain or E = Fx / A∆x (accept alternative
symbols) scores 1 mark, rearranged to make extension the subject scores 2
marks)

Accept converse arguments

(Ignore references to breaking or surface, as in surface area)
Max 5
Total for question 12 5

Question Answer Mark

Number
13(a)
(The graph shows) brittle – undergoes no/little plastic
deformation/behaviour (before breaking) /
breaks/fails just beyond/soon after limit of proportionality/elastic limit
(1)
(The graph shows) ductile – undergoes lots of/significant/large plastic
deformation (before breaking) / 2
able to undergo permanent deformation under tensile stress (1)

13(b)
Porcelain/vase/it is brittle (1)
When broken it doesn’t (permanently) deform/change shape/bend (or 2
synonyms – but ‘dent’ is not sufficient) (No elastic deformation not
sufficient) (1)

Total for question 13 4

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Question Answer Mark

Number
14(a)(i) State or show Ep Æ Ek (1)
2 2
mgh = ½ mv Or gh = ½ v (1)
2 2
Use of mgh = ½ mv Or gh = ½ v (1)
-1
v = 3.4 (m s ) [no ue] (1) 4

2 2
Calculation using v = u +2as scores 0 marks
-1 -1 -1
Use of g = 10 N kg gives 3.46 m s , 3.5 m s , max 3 marks
Do not credit bald answer
(Candidates may calculate in steps using m = 40 kg, mark 2 becomes use
2
of Ep = mgh and mark 3 becomes use of Ek = ½ mv )

Example of calculation
Ep = Ek
mgh = 1/2 mv2
gh = 1/2 v2
9.81 N kg-1 x 0.6 m = 1/2 v2
v = 3.4 m s-1

14(a)(ii) All Ep Æ Ek / no friction/air resistance / no stretch of cable / u = 0 / no

push at start / no energy transferred to other forms (1) 1
(No energy lost is not sufficient.)
14(b)(i) Label 2 x tension (T) parallel to cable and away from P only (1)
Label weight / pull of child / W / mg vertically downward (1) 2

One correct and one incorrect scores 1 mark. Two correct and one
incorrect scores 1 mark. Two incorrect scores 0.
Ignore unlabelled arrows.
14(b)(ii) Use of W = mg (1)
Use of correct trigonometrical function (T sin 2 = W/2)(accept with
missing factor 2, i.e. T sin 2º = W)(do not accept tan) (accept cos 88)(1)
Force = 5600 (N) [no ue] (1) 3
Accept calculation of 11 200 N divided by 2 at the end for full marks only
if accompanied by an explanation, such as ‘there are two cables’

Example of calculation
W = mg
W = 40 kg x 9.81 N kg-1 = 392 N
T sin 2º = W/2
T = 392 N / 2 x sin 2º
T = 5621 N

Total for question 14 10

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Question Answer Mark

Number
15(a)(i) 3 correct labelled arrows:
Upthrust, U (1)
weight, W, mg (1)
(viscous) drag, water resistance, viscous force, V, F, D [upwards] (1) 3
(‘resistance’ not sufficient)
Each incorrect force decreases the maximum possible mark by one
U and D can share an arrow.
Arrows need not touch particle. Ignore unlabelled arrows.
15(a)(ii) upthrust + drag = weight or with unambiguous symbols (allow ecf from
diagram) (1)
forces in equilibrium / balanced forces / no resultant force / no 2
acceleration / constant velocity (1)
15(b) (i) Down and along (1) 1
(shape of trajectory not important)
15(b)(ii) Lines crossing, eddies, sudden changes in direction,
change in direction > 90°, lines disappearing and appearing (1) 1
Turbulent flow can be seen at any position
15(b)(iii) Laminar const vel at a point/no eddies/lines don’t cross, but turbulent
keeps changing direction/eddies/lines cross (1) 1
Some comparison required.
Smooth/streamlined/chaotic not sufficient descriptors
15(b) (iv) Turbulent flow Æ eddies/continual changes will disturb particle back
into the flow / stop particle from continuing downwards / lifts particle 1
(1)
Answer should imply some upwards force/motion imposed on the particle
Total for question 15 9

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Question Answer Mark

Number
16(a) Free body force diagram, arrows must begin at the point shown –
including:
weight vertical, (W, mg, gravitational force – not ‘gravity’)
friction and/or air resistance parallel to slope upwards, (D, V, F)
normal contact force perpendicular to slope upwards. (ncf, N, R) 2
3 correct forces = 2 marks, 1 or 2 correct forces = 1 mark,
Ignore arrows not coming from point
Each incorrect force (e.g. pull down slope) decreases the maximum
possible number of creditable forces by one
Ignore upthrust.
16(b)(i) Use of equations of motion sufficient to lead to answer (1)
-2
a = 0.9 (m s ) (1) 2

Example of calculation
s = ut + ½ at2
11 m = ½ a x (4.9s)2
a = 0.92 m s-2
16(b) ii) Use of F = ma (1)
F = 36 to 40 N (1) 2

Example of calculation
F = ma
F = 40 kg x 0.92 m s-2
F = 37 N
16(c)(i) Use of trigonometrical relationship (200 cos 20º) to resolve force (1)
F = 152 N (1) 2

Example of calculation
Horizontal component of force = 200 N x cos 20º
= 188 N
37 N = 188 N – resistive force
resistive force = 151 N
16(c)(ii) Use of work = force x distance (1)
Use of work / time (1)
Power = 420 W (1) 3

For P = Fv, Find (or use) ave velocity (1), use of P = Fv (1), correct
answer (1)

Example of calculation
Work = force x distance
= 188 N x 11 m = 2070 J
Power = work / time
= 2070 J / 4.9 s
= 422 W
Total for question 16 11

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Question Answer Mark

Number
17(a)(i) Horizontal component of velocity = 7.5 cos 50 = 4.8 (m s-1) (1) 1

17(a)(ii) Vertical component of velocity = 7.5 sin 50 = 5.7 (m s-1) (1) 1

May use Pythagoras or tan for second component calculated
17(a)(iii) Use of appropriate equation of motion, e.g. v = u + at , leading to time
of flight (1)
Time of flight OR double distance travelled half way (1)
Use of velocity = distance / time (1)
Distance = 5.6 m to 6.1 m (1) 4

Correct answer from range formula 4/4, incorrect answer from range
formula 0/4

Example of calculation
v =u + at
0 = 5.7 m s-1 + 9.81 m s-2 x t
t = 0.58 s to max height
time of flight = 1.16 s
horizontal distance = horizontal component of velocity x time
= 4.8 m s-1 x 1.16 s
= 5.6 m
(Using ‘show that’ values gives 6.12 m)
17(b)(i) Use of Ek = ½ mv2 (1)
kinetic energy = 41 J (1) 2

Example of calculation
Ek = ½ mv2
m = 2.24 kg – 0.79 kg = 1.45 kg
Ek = ½ x 1.45 kg x (7.5 m s-1)2
= 40.8 J

If answer calculated from difference between 2 kinetic energies, allow

first mark only.
17(b)(ii) Not all the mass of liquid which left the bottle went that far / 7.5 m s-1 is
the maximum speed (1) 1
17(b)(iii) Air resistance / friction at neck (1)
… could have caused the liquid to lose energy / so the true (initial)
velocity is more than the calculated value / so the measured range was
less (than it might otherwise have been) 2
(Just ‘energy lost’ not sufficient – must be linked to some cause) (1)
Total for question 17 11

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Question Answer Mark

Number
18(a)(i) Straight line shown / constant gradient (1)
(So) extension or change in length proportional to force (accept ∆x or ∆l
or e proportional to F) / k constant. (NOT Length α force) (1)
[Just stating F = k∆x does not get the mark] 2
(Yes, because extension or change in length proportional to force gets 2)
18(a)(ii) Indication of use of (inverse) gradient, e.g. k = F/∆x or with values
obtainable from graph (accept extension/force for first mark) (1)
Substitution of values as force/extension (1)
Stiffness = 0.66 to 0.80 (N m-1) [no ue] (1) 3
Range is due to tolerance of + or – half a square on reading graph.
[Allow answers of 0.7 N m-1 or 0.8 N m-1 without extra sig fig if that is the
exact value produced from their figures, e.g. from F = 0.7 N, where
length = 260 cm]
Example of calculation
k = F/∆x
k = 0.8 N / (2.7 m – 1.6 m)
k = 0.8 N / 1.1 m
= 0.73 N m-1
(Read graph to half a square)
18(a)(iii) 2
Use of E = ½ F∆x = ½ k(∆x) OR Use of an area between a line and an
axis (allow line shown and force axis) (1)
Identify correct extension OR correct area (1)
E = 0.31 J to 0.35 J from E = ½ F∆x
E = 0.27 J to 0.40 J from ½ k(∆x)2 if k in range [allow ecf for k] (1) 3

Example of calculation
E = 1/2 F∆x
= 0.5 x 0.7 N x (2.55 m – 1.6 m)
= 0.33 J
18(b)(i) Coils at top support coils below (1)
(So) a greater force acts (on top coils) (1) 2
Coils at the top support the weight of the coils below as well = 2 marks
18 (b)(ii) Clearly below centre and above bottom – accept if no label (1) 1
18 (b)(iii) (QWC – Work must be clear and organised in a logical manner using
(1)* technical wording where appropriate)
Ball acted on by its weight (alone) / by gravity (alone) (1)
Top coils acted on by their weight and/also acted on by
elastic/tension force / force due to extension of coils (1)
So the acceleration is greater (1)
Energy explanation – max 2 3
for ball, transfer to ke from gpe alone - 1 mark
for top coils, transfer to ke from gpe and elastic pe – 1 mark
(allow ‘has’ energy instead of transfer to ke)
18(b)(iii) They are acted on by weight downwards and (elastic) force upwards/
(2) the forces on them are/remain balanced (1) 1
Total for question 18 15

GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011

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GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011

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Order Code US026587 January 2011

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GCE Physics 6PH01/01 Results Mark Scheme January 2011