FLYING BIRD

A Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of SEM IV examination of

By
Mr. Sawant Abhishek Chindhu
3447080

ROLL NO. 46

Under the guidance of

Dr. Rup Ma’am

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

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 2020-21
ANNA LEELA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS
SHOBHA JAYARAM SHETTY COLLEGE FOR BMS
Affiliated to University of Mumbai
Mumbai, Maharashtra
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “ Flying Bird” is bonafide word of MR. Sawant
Abhishek Chindhu bearing Roll no. 46 submitted in partial fulfillment of Semester IV
Software Engineering Srs Document Examination of Bachelor of Science (Information
Technology) from University of Mumbai.

Internal Examiner Coordinator

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 INDEX

1. Introduction
2. purpose
3. product scope
4. user Interface
5. Product perspective
6. Design and Implementation Constraints
7. User documentation
8. conclusion
. source code

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Introduction.
Flying bird animation is a type of computer animation that simulates the
movement of a bird in flight. The animation involves creating a sequence of
images that simulate the flapping of wings, the rotation of the body, and the
movement of the bird in space.
The process of creating a flying bird animation typically involves several steps.
First, the animator creates a 3D model of the bird in a computer graphics
software program. The model is then rigged with a skeletal structure, which
allows the animator to animate the bird's movements.
The animator then creates a series of keyframes that define the bird's
movements at specific points in time. These keyframes are used to create a
sequence of frames that show the bird in motion. The animator can adjust the
timing and spacing of the keyframes to create a more natural-looking motion.
Once the animation is complete, the frames are rendered into a final animation
sequence that can be played back as a video. Advanced techniques such as
particle systems and physics simulations can also be used to add additional
detail and realism to the animation.
Flying bird animation is often used in movies, TV shows, and video games to
add realistic and dynamic movement to birds in various scenes. It can also be
used for educational and scientific purposes, such as simulating the flight of
birds for research or educational videos.

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Purpose
The purpose of creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics is to
simulate the natural movement and behaviour of birds in flight. This can be
used for various purposes, including:
1. Entertainment: Flying bird animations are commonly used in movies, TV
shows, and video games to create realistic and immersive environments.
They can help to add a sense of realism and detail to a scene, making it
more engaging for the audience.
2. Education: Flying bird animations can also be used for educational
purposes, such as in nature documentaries or educational videos. They
can help to demonstrate the anatomy and movement of birds in a way that
is easy to understand and visually engaging.
3. Research: Scientists and researchers may also use flying bird animations
to study the flight patterns and behaviours of birds. By creating a realistic
simulation, they can analyse the movements and behaviours of birds in
different situations, such as during migration or when hunting for prey.
Overall, the purpose of flying bird animations in computer graphics is to create
a realistic and visually engaging representation of birds in flight, which can be
used for a wide range of purposes in various fields.

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Product scope
The product scope of a flying bird animation in computer graphics includes all
the components involved in the creation and delivery of the animation. This
includes:
1. Conceptualization: The initial stage of creating a flying bird animation
involves conceptualizing the design and movement of the bird. This may
involve sketches, storyboards, and other planning documents.
2. Modelling: Once the design is finalized, the bird is created in a 3D
modelling software, which involves building the bird's shape and adding
texture and Color.
3. Rigging: After modelling, the bird is rigged, which involves adding a
skeletal structure to the bird's model that will enable animators to animate
the bird's movement.
4. Animation: Animators create the bird's movement using a combination of
keyframe animation, physics simulations, and particle systems.
5. Rendering: Once the animation is complete, the frames are rendered into
a final animation sequence that can be played back as a video.
6. Delivery: The final product is delivered to the client, which may include a
video file or other digital media format.
The product scope may also include additional services such as sound design,
music composition, and voiceover narration, depending on the client's
requirements. The goal of the product scope is to provide a complete and
polished flying bird animation that meets the client's needs and exceeds their
expectations.

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User interfaces
The user interface (UI) for creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics
will typically involve a software program designed for 3D modelling,
animation, and rendering. These programs often have a similar interface that
includes the following components:
1. Viewports: These are windows that display the 3D scene from different
angles, allowing the user to see and manipulate the bird model and other
elements.
2. Toolbars: Toolbars typically contain buttons and icons for frequently used
tools and commands, such as selection tools, transform tools, and
animation controls.
3. Menus: Menus provide access to various commands and functions within
the software, such as creating a new project, importing a model, or
rendering an animation.
4. Timeline: The timeline provides a visual representation of the animation,
showing the keyframes and movement of the bird over time.
5. Properties panel: The properties panel displays information about the
selected object, such as its position, rotation, and scale. It also allows the
user to adjust various settings, such as lighting and materials.
6. Output panel: The output panel displays information about the rendering
process, such as the progress of the render and any errors or warnings.
The UI for creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics may vary
depending on the specific software used, but these components are commonly
found in many 3D modelling and animation programs. The UI should be
designed to be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing the user to focus on creating
the animation without being hindered by a confusing or cluttered interface.

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Product perspective
From a product perspective, creating a flying bird animation in computer
graphics involves several stages, each with its own set of requirements and
goals. These stages include:
1. Concept and Design: This stage involves understanding the client's
requirements and conceptualizing the design of the bird, including its
shape, size, and movement. The goal is to create a design that meets the
client's needs and is visually appealing.
2. Modelling: Once the design is finalized, the bird is created in a 3D
modelling software, which involves building the bird's shape and adding
texture and Color. The goal is to create an accurate and detailed model of
the bird.
3. Rigging: After modelling, the bird is rigged, which involves adding a
skeletal structure to the bird's model that will enable animators to animate
the bird's movement. The goal is to create a rig that is flexible and easy to
animate.
4. Animation: Animators create the bird's movement using a combination of
keyframe animation, physics simulations, and particle systems. The goal
is to create a realistic and visually appealing animation that meets the
client's requirements.
5. Rendering: Once the animation is complete, the frames are rendered into
a final animation sequence that can be played back as a video. The goal is
to create a high-quality, visually stunning animation that meets the client's
expectations.
Throughout the product perspective, the goal is to create a flying bird animation
that meets the client's requirements and exceeds their expectations. This
involves effective communication, attention to detail, and a focus on quality
throughout the entire process.

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Design and Implementation Constraints
Design and implementation constraints for a flying bird animation in computer
graphics may include technical, artistic, and practical limitations. Some
examples of these constraints are:
1. Technical Constraints: The software used to create the animation may
have technical limitations, such as the maximum number of polygons or
the level of detail that can be achieved. The hardware used to run the
software may also have limitations, such as memory, processing power,
or graphics capabilities.
2. Artistic Constraints: The design of the bird may be constrained by the
client's requirements or by the limitations of the 3D modeling software
used. For example, creating a highly realistic bird may require a higher
level of skill and experience than creating a more stylized or abstract bird.
3. Practical Constraints: The project may be constrained by practical
considerations, such as budget, time frame, or team size. These
constraints may limit the amount of resources that can be devoted to the
project or the level of detail that can be achieved.
To overcome these constraints, it is important to carefully plan the project and
identify potential limitations early on. This may involve choosing the right
software and hardware for the project, setting realistic goals and deadlines, and
working closely with the client to ensure that their requirements are met while
staying within the constraints of the project. Effective communication and
collaboration between team members is also crucial to ensuring that the project
is completed on time and to the client's satisfaction.

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User Documentation
User documentation for creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics
should include step-by-step instructions for using the software to create the
animation, as well as information on best practices and tips for achieving high-
quality results. Here are some elements that should be included in the user
documentation:
1. Getting Started: This section should include information on how to install
and set up the software, as well as basic navigation and terminology used
in the software.
2. Modelling: This section should include step-by-step instructions for
creating the bird model, including tips on using various tools and
techniques to achieve a high level of detail and accuracy.
3. Rigging: This section should include instructions on how to create the
skeletal structure for the bird model, as well as tips on how to ensure the
rig is flexible and easy to animate.
4. Animation: This section should provide guidance on creating the bird's
movement, including information on keyframe animation, physics
simulations, and particle systems.
5. Rendering: This section should include instructions on how to render the
final animation sequence, as well as tips on how to optimize rendering
settings for the best quality and performance.
6. Troubleshooting: This section should provide guidance on common
issues that may arise during the animation process, as well as solutions
for resolving these issues.
In addition to these sections, the user documentation should include screenshots
and other visual aids to help users understand the process of creating a flying
bird animation in computer graphics. It should also be organized in a clear and
logical manner, with a table of contents and index to help users find the
information they need quickly and easily. Finally, it should be written in clear
and concise language that is easy for users to understand, even if they have little
or no experience with 3D modelling and animation.

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Conclusion
Creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics requires a combination of
technical skill, artistic vision, and attention to detail. From the initial concept
and design stage to the final rendering of the animation sequence, each step
requires careful planning and execution to ensure that the final product meets
the client's requirements and exceeds their expectations.
Design and implementation constraints, such as technical limitations, artistic
requirements, and practical considerations, must be carefully considered and
overcome through effective planning, communication, and collaboration among
team members.
User documentation is also a crucial aspect of creating a flying bird animation
in computer graphics, as it provides users with the information they need to
create high-quality animations and troubleshoot common issues that may arise
during the process.
Overall, creating a flying bird animation in computer graphics requires a
combination of technical expertise, artistic vision, and effective communication
and collaboration among team members. When executed successfully, it can
result in a visually stunning and engaging animation that captures the essence of
the bird's movement and behaviour.

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Source code
// C++ program implementing flying bird using graphics.h

#include <conio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <iostream.h>

// Wings
void handDown(int i)
{
line(85 + i, 155, 45 + i, 185);
line(85 + i, 155, 115 + i, 195);
arc(90 + i, 130, 228, 292, 70);
}

void handUp(int i)
{
line(85 + i, 155, 125 + i, 115);
line(85 + i, 155, 55 + i, 118);
arc(90 + i, 177, 60, 122, 70);
}

// Driver code
void main()
{
int gd = DETECT, gm;

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// Path of the BGI folder
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
int i = 0;

for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {

// Beak
line(170 + i, 147, 180 + i, 153);
line(180 + i, 153, 170 + i, 156);

// Eye
circle(162 + i, 150, 2);

// Tail
line(10 + i, 155, 40 + i, 155);
line(10 + i, 145, 40 + i, 155);
line(10 + i, 165, 40 + i, 155);

// Move hands
if (i % 2 == 0)
handUp(i);
else

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 handDown(i);

// Stop the screen for 10 secs

// Clear the screen

getch();

// Close the graph

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