TECHNICAL REPORT ON

GREEN BUILDING

A Report submitted in the partial fulfillment of Sessional - III for the course of

BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY (CE221)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

TEZPUR UNIVERSITY

SUBMITTED BY

Techi Kapa Tera (CEB21079)

Hage Ankey (CEB21080)

Anku Das (CEB22203)

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CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Objective
 Benefits
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Site selection criteria of a green building
 Energy efficiency
 Design features of green building
 Rating system of green building

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1. Introduction

Green building is the concept of creating structures that are eco friendly and is
boon throughout a building life cycle. A building has both positive and negative impacts. A
green building helps in the reduction of negative impacts on environment. The positive
impacts of green building is lowering trash, pollution, global warming, climate change, green
house gases etc. It also helps in sustaining the natural resources. It improves productivity and
quality of life. Its vital role is to use less water, efficient use of energy and provides healthy
environment for occupant. The cost of production for a given building is initially high but
eventually lowering in a long run.

2. Objective of green building

I. The reason to built a green building is to maintain eco friendly environment.

II. It maintain efficient use of energy.
III. It enhances occupants health.
IV. It assure satisfying and quality indoor space.
V. It gives aesthetic appearance to the building.
VI. It reduces CO2 emission.

3. Benefits of green building

If a green building is setup, there may be many benefits for the environment as
well as economical and social benefit.

3.1. Environmental benefits

 It purifies the air or provide good air conditioning.
 Green building scale down the negative impacts on climate change.
 It reduces the emission of green house gas.
 It stabilize the usage of energy and water.
3.2. Economical benefits
 As there is usage of water harvesting system, minor water treatment plant and
electricity generated by solar panels gives less energy bill.
 One can also create terrace garden.
 Even if the cost of production is high it is economical in the long run.

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  It may want the people to stay and work as it imparts a pleasant environment
and thus create job.
3.3. Social benefits
 Good indoor air quality boosts the function of our brain.
 It helps in creating a liable building for marketability.
 It develops a very fresh area and thus increase livability of the building.

4. Advantages and disadvantages of green building

4.1. Advantages

4.1.1. Cost effective : It has been confirmed that initial investment in green building
will lead to savings of more than ten times the initial investment after ten years. The
turnover of the investment happens between 10 to 80 years.
4.1.2. Improves health : The goals of green building is to improve the environment
including air for residents. Improving indoor air quality can reduce asthma,
respiratory allergies , depression and stress etc.
4.1.3. Increased efficiency : One of the best advantages of green building is the
efficiency, efficiency of water and energy. Energy efficiency helps us to use the
energy more efficiently like solar panels are installed to utilize the energy from the
sun, windmills are also used to generate energy. Water is also used efficiently as it
reduces its waste, by performing rain water harvesting, reusing water etc.
4.1.4. Better environment : Now a days there is so much pollution in atmosphere
due to massive emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2). Now here comes the role of green
building , it efficiently reduces pollution through the efficient use of natural resources.
Green building reduces emission of CO2.
4.1.5. Preservation of natural environment : Green building, they preserve their
natural habitat by their operation. The preservation of natural environment promotes
healthy habits among the inhabitants. It also attracts birds and other fauna that makes
for a comprehensive ecosystem in the total area.

4.2. Disadvantages

4.2.1. High initial investment : We all know that in green building the returns are
great over time , but still the initial investment is a major problems in green building.

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 In this world we all want to live healthily but all of us cannot effort the initial cost of
construction.
4.2.2. Getting the right material : It can be very difficult for collecting all the
materials needed to construct green building. materials are not often available
everywhere also it may cost a lot for transportation. It is not only about materials
needed to construct the building, there are other materials such as technologies and it
may be very difficult to get.
4.2.3. Longer times to built : To construct a green building, it takes longer time than
you think. It has to be built with proper planning and design before it is being built.
Proper technology are also required to built the green building.
4.2.4. Location : To construct any green building we require a proper location and to
figuring out the right location is another disadvantages of green building. Because
green building utilizes the sunlight for energy alternatives such as solar, so therefore
building in a region with very few sunny days would be wrong location because it is
very likely to run out of energy at some point.
4.2.5. Unavailability of workers with expertise : To construct a green building it
will be very challenging to find workers who are experts or have knowledge to
construct the building technologies. This is because the industry is relatively new and
difficult to find experienced workers.

5. Site selection criteria of green building

I. The selection of site is basically done by different organizations or council such as

LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design).
II. The land that are under use for certain purposes should be neglected for construction
while the abandoned land or land far from stream should be suitable for establishing
green building. The reason it should be far off from waste bodies is because it can
affect aquatic animals.
III. Selection of site and location of a building should be half a mile from the
transportation centre points. It will help the future occupants for easy transportation
and by not using their private vehicles which will thus reduce traffic, carbon emission
etc.
IV. A green building should be located with least environmental impact.. It can manage in
any climatic condition.
V. It should be located within the urban development plant.

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6. Energy efficiency

Energy efficiency defines the energy demand of a building. A building

consumes energy for various purposes. It costs a lot of money. Thus to make it
efficient, renewable resources are used. Renewable resources can be replenished to
which it should be used. Moreover, this way natural resources can be conserved and
sustained in huge amount that will be conserved for future use. It will also be benefit
economically.
It also throw lights to the energy consumption during the construction of green
building and the energy consumed by the green building throughout its life. The
building it self can adopt its own energy generating system so that it want cost much
for a long run. Some renewable energies are solar ,biomass, hydropower, geothermal
and wind energy. These energies are generated by some certain factors like heat
energy, dead plants, water, air etc. also for efficient use of water, ultra flush toilets,
water treatment plant, water harvesting treatment etc is introduced. It will only be
installed depending upon the consumption of the water by a building. It can also be
reduced by installing low flow fixtures or ultra low flow fixtures to save water. Lastly
a water meter can also be fixed to check the overall problem that is to check the water
consumption, leaks and by helping with treatment dosage in case of disinfection.

7. Design features of green building

7.1. Landscaping : A proper design like sustainable landscape design is a backbone

of environmentally responsible architecture and can include strategies from the kind
of plants selected for the yard of a green house to the materials used in the pavements
surrounding a green building.
7.2. Building form : The form which refers to the shape or configuration of a
building is known as building form. It is also known as aesthetic design of a building.
Here before the construction it is designed and arranged very systematically.
7.3. Orientation : Here a building is positioned in relation to the suns path in
different seasons as well as to prevailing wind positions. In northern hemisphere, the
plan to move the building orient towards the sun means letting the largest sides of the
building to face the south.
7.4. Building envelope : The building envelope includes all the building components
that separates the indoors from the outdoors. One building envelope includes the

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 exterior walls, foundations, roof windows, doors etc. or else it is basically the
separator between the conditional and unconditioned environment of a building.

8. Rating system of green building

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA)

Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) is India’s own rating system
jointly developed by TERI and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of
India. . It is a green building design evaluation system where buildings are rated in a three-
tier process. The GRIHA Rating System contains 34 evaluation criteria with 100 points.

Criterion1 Site selection

Criterion 2 Preserve and protect landscape during construction
Criterion 3 Soil conservation (till post-construction)
Criterion 4 Design to include existing site features
Criterion 5 Reduce hard paving on-site and/or provide shaded hard-paved surfaces
Criterion 6 Enhance outdoor lighting system efficiency and use renewable energy
system for meeting outdoor lighting requirement
Criterion 7 Plan utilities efficiently and optimize on-site circulation efficiency
Criterion 8 Provide minimum level of sanitation/safety facilities for construction
workers
Criterion 9 Reduce air pollution during
Criterion 10 Reduce landscape water requirement
Criterion 11 Reduce the water use by the building
Criterion 12 Efficient water use during construction
Criterion 13 Optimize building design to reduce conventional energy
demand
Criterion 14 Optimize energy performance of building within
specified comfort limits
Criterion 15 Utilization of flyash in building structure
Criterion 16 Reduce volume and weight, and time of construction by
adopting efficient technologies
Criterion 17 Use low-energy material in interiors
Criterion 18 Renewable energy utilization
Criterion 19 Renewable-energy-based hot water system
Criterion 20 Waste-water treatment
Criterion 21 Water recycle and reuse (including rainwater)
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 Criterion 22 Reduction in waste during construction
Criterion 23 Efficient waste segregation
Criterion 24 Storage and disposal of wastes
Criterion 25 Resource recovery from waste
Criterion 26 Use low-VOC paints/adhesives/sealants
Criterion 27 Minimize ozone depleting substances
Criterion 28 Ensure water quality
Criterion 29 Acceptable outdoor and indoor noise levels
Criterion 30 Tobacco smoke control
Criterion 31 Provide at least the minimum level of accessibility
for persons with disabilities
Criterion 32 Energy audit and validation
Criterion 33 Operation and maintenance
Criterion 34 Innovation points

Rating Criteria’s

Points Ratings
51-60
61-70

71-80

81-90

91-100

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Conclusion:
. The green building seems to be more environment friendly compared to
an ordinary building
▪ By applying indexes of Green Buildings we can improve the apperances and
quality of urban environment while increasing sense of comfort for the people
who stays indoors
▪ The green building construction is most costly compared to an ordinary
building .Since the cost of such materials & construction leads to high cost
but,
“The project is in welfare of society are more important than cost
convienience’’