A39 MENSURATION

2D SHAPES
QUESTIONS
1

Green Red Yellow

The diagram shows the design of a company symbol.

It consists of three circles.

The smallest circle has centre O and radius 2x centimetres.
The largest circle has centre O and radius 2y centimetres.
The third circle touches both the other two circles as shown.
The three regions formed are coloured red, yellow and green as shown.

(a) Explain fully why the radius of the third circle is (x + y) centimetres. [2]

(b) Write down, in terms of π, x and y, expressions for the area of the region that is coloured

(i) yellow, [1]

(ii) green. [1]

(c) The area of the green region is twice the area of the yellow region.
Use this information to write down an equation involving x and y, and show that it simplifies to

y2 – 6xy + 5x2 = 0. [3]

(d) (i) Factorise y2 – 6xy + 5x 2. [1]

(ii) Solve the equation y2 – 6xy + 5x2 = 0, expressing y in terms of x. [2]

(e) Calculate the fraction of the design that is coloured yellow. [2]
4024/02/O/N/04
 2 The diagram shows a circle, centre O,
with the sector POQ shaded.

P Q
140° 8
O

∧
Given that POQ = 140° and the radius
of the circle is 8 cm, calculate

(i) the area of the shaded region, [2]

(ii) the total perimeter of the unshaded region. [3]

______________________________________________________________________________________
4024/02/M/J/06
3 (a) Diagram I shows a design which consists of
7 congruent circles drawn inside a large circle.
The circles touch at all the points shown.

Diagram I
(i) State the order of rotational symmetry of this design. [1]

(ii) In Diagram II, two sections of the design have been shaded.
Each small circle has a radius of 5 cm.

Diagram II
Calculate
(a) the area of the large circle, [2]
(b) the shaded area. [2]

(b) In Diagram III, circles, centres O, A and B,

are shown, together with the same shaded area.
O is also the centre of the large circle.

A B

Diagram III
(i) Write down angle AOB. [1]
(ii) Calculate the total perimeter of the shaded area. [4]
4024/02/O/N/07
4
A P B
140°
H C

R S
O

G D

F Q E

ABCDEFGH is an octagon with exactly two lines of symmetry.

These are shown by the dashed lines PQ and RS which intersect at O.
AB̂C = 140°.

(a) Find

(i) EF̂G, [1]

(ii) FĜH. [2]

50 B 23
(b) The diagram shows part of the octagon.
P T
T is the point such that PT and TS are perpendicular. 140°
C
PB = 50 cm, BT = 23 cm and CS = 20 cm.
20
O S

(i) Calculate CT. [2]

(ii) Calculate the area of the pentagon PBCSO. [3]

(iii) Hence find the area of the octagon ABCDEFGH. [1]

(iv)
A B
H C

G D
F E

The octagonal shape ABCDEFGH is to be cut from a rectangular piece of card where the
length and breadth, measured in centimetres, are integers.
The remaining card is wasted.
The card that is wasted must be kept to a minimum.

Find

(a) the length and breadth of the rectangular piece of card, [2]

(b) the area of the card that is wasted. [1]

4024/21/M/J/10
5 The formula for the area of a trapezium is A = 21 h ( c + d ).

(i) Find an expression for c in terms of A, h and d.

Answer ........................................ [2]

(ii)
c

The diagram shows a trapezium with dimensions given in centimetres.

The perpendicular distance between the parallel lines is 4 cm.
The area of the trapezium is 22 cm2.

Find c.

Answer ........................................ [1]

4024/22/M/J/11
6
O

60°

A D

6 E 6

B C

In the diagram, OBC is the sector of a circle, centre O, and BÔC = 60°.
A and D are the midpoints of OB and OC respectively, and AB = DC = 6 cm.
AED is a semicircle with AD as diameter.

(a) Show that AD = 6 cm.

[1]

(b) The length of the arc BC is n π centimetres.

(i) Find n.

Answer ........................................ [1]

(ii) Find the length of the arc AED .

the length of the arc BC

Answer ........................................ [2]

(c) (i) Find the area of the sector BOC.

Answer ................................. cm2 [2]

(ii) Hence find the area of the shaded region.

Answer ................................. cm2 [3]

4024/21/O/N/11
7 (a)

Diagram I

Diagram I shows one large circle and five identical small circles.
Each of the five radii shown is a tangent to two of the small circles.

(i) Describe the symmetry of the diagram.

Answer ......................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The radius of the large circle is R centimetres and the radius of each small circle
is r centimetres.
Each small circle is equal in area to the shaded region.

Find R2 : r2.

Answer ................... : ...................[3]

(b)

r B
C
Diagram II
A O

Diagram II shows the same large circle and arcs of the same small circles as in Diagram I.
C is the centre of one of the small circles.
This circle touches the adjacent circles at A and B.
O is the centre of the large circle.

(i) Show that reflex AĈB = 252°.

[2]

(ii) The perimeter of the shaded region is kπr centimetres.

Calculate the value of k.

Answer ...................................... [2]

4024/22/O/N/11
8 The entrance to a zoo has this sign above it.

B
A

H G

10

C D

F E

(a) The letter Z has rotational symmetry order 2 and DE is perpendicular to FE and CD.
CD = 35 cm, FE = 50 cm, DE = 10 cm and BC = 81 cm.
The perpendicular distance between BC and GF is 10 cm.

Calculate the area of the letter Z.

Answer ................................. cm2 [3]

(b) The shaded area of one letter O is 1206 cm2.
The radius of the unshaded inner circle is 15 cm.

Calculate the radius of the outer circle.

Answer .................................. cm [3]

(c) The sign above the exit of the zoo is geometrically similar to the one above the entrance.
The radius of the inner circle of the letter O on the sign above the exit is 10 cm.

(i) The length of the base of the letter Z on the sign above the entrance is 50 cm.

Calculate the length of the base of the letter Z on the sign above the exit.

Answer .................................. cm [1]

(ii) The area of the sign above the entrance is A cm2.

The area of the sign above the exit is kA cm2.

Write down the value of k as a fraction in its simplest form.

Answer ......................................... [2]

4024/21/M/J/12
9 The diagram shows a major segment of a circle with centre O and radius 15 cm.
A and B are two points on the circumference such that AÔB = 60°.

60° 15

A B

(a) Calculate

(i) the area of the major segment,

Answer ................................ cm2 [4]

(ii) the perimeter of the major segment.

Answer ................................. cm [2]

(b) Shape I is formed by joining this segment
to a trapezium, ABCD, along AB.
AB is parallel to DC, DC = 25 cm and the
perpendicular height of the trapezium is h cm.
The area of the trapezium is 248 cm2.
60° 15
Calculate h.
A B
h
D C
25
Shape I

Answer ........................................ [2]

(c) Shape II is geometrically similar to Shape I.

The longest side of the trapezium in Shape II is 5 cm.
r

5
Shape II

(i) Find the radius, r, of the segment in Shape II.

Answer ................................. cm [1]

(ii) Find the total area of Shape II.

Answer ................................ cm2 [3]

4024/22/M/J/12
10
B
A
A
10 Diagram I
B

In Diagram I, four semicircles are drawn inside a square of side 10 cm.

Each semicircle has a side of the square as its diameter.
Two regions, A and B, are shown.

(a) Calculate the perimeter of region A.

Answer ............................... cm [1]

(b) Calculate the perimeter of region B.

Answer ............................... cm [1]

(c)

Diagram II

For Diagram II,

(i) draw all the lines of symmetry, [1]

(ii) state the order of rotational symmetry.

Answer ..................................... [1]

(d) Diagram III shows the combined regions A and B shaded.

Diagram III

(i) Calculate the area of this shaded region.

Answer ..............................cm2 [1]

(ii) Hence calculate the area of region A shown in Diagram I.

Answer ..............................cm2 [3]

4024/21/O/N/12
11
O
20
25 A 150° D
B C
A

AD and BC are arcs of circles with centre O.

A is a point on OB, and D is a point on OC.
OA = 20 cm and AB = 25 cm.
AÔD = 150°.

(a) Calculate the perimeter of the shaded shape ABCD.

Answer .............................. cm [3]

(b) Calculate the area of the shaded shape ABCD.

Answer ............................. cm2 [3]

(c) The shape ABCD is used to make a lampshade by joining AB and DC.

A,D r

B,C

Calculate the radius, r cm, of the circular top of the lampshade.

Answer ............................. cm [2]

4024/22/O/N/12
12 ABCDEF is a hexagon with BE as its only line of symmetry.

A B

C
F
6
G
6 16
D
E

AF is parallel to CD and DF intersects BE at G.

BE = 16 cm and DG = GF = 6 cm.
The area of the hexagon ABCDEF is 138 cm2.

(a) Calculate AF.

Answer .......................................... cm [2]

(b) The area of the hexagon ABCDEF is four times the area of the triangle DEF.

(i) Find EG.

Answer .......................................... cm [2]

(ii) Find EG : GB, giving your answer in the form m : n where m and n are integers.

Answer ......................  : ...................... [2]

4024/22/M/J/13
13
C

58
40

A 34 F 38 E 42 D

ABCD is a level field.

F and E are points on AD such that BF and CE are perpendicular to AD.
BF = 40 m and CE = 58 m.
AF = 34 m, FE = 38 m and ED = 42 m.

(a) Calculate the area of the field.

Answer .......................................... m2 [3]

(b) Calculate the length of BC.

Answer ........................................... m [2]

t .
(c) Calculate CDE

Answer ................................................ [2]

4024/22/O/N/13
14

A 6
310°
O
B

The diagram shows a sector AOB of a circle with centre O and radius 6 cm.
The angle of the sector is 310c.

(a) Calculate the total perimeter of the sector.

Answer .......................................... cm [3]

(b) Calculate the area of the sector.

Answer .........................................cm2 [2]

(c) This sector is cut from a rectangular piece of card of height 12 cm and width w cm.

A 6
310°
O 12
B

One edge of the rectangular piece of card passes through A and B.

The other edges are tangents to the circle.

(i) Calculate the value of w.

Answer ................................................ [3]

(ii) When the sector is cut out, the triangle AOB is retained.
The rest of the rectangular piece of card, shown shaded, is discarded as waste.

Calculate the percentage of the rectangular piece of card that is discarded as waste.

Answer ...........................................% [4]

4024/22/O/N/13
 15 P and Q are points on the circle centre O with radius 4 cm.
t = 130° .
POQ

O
130°
4

(i) Calculate the area of triangle POQ.

Answer ............................................ cm2 [2]

(ii) Calculate the area of the major segment, shown unshaded in the diagram.

Answer ............................................ cm2 [3]

4024/22/M/J/14
16
100

The diagram shows the perimeter of a 400 m running track.

It consists of a rectangle measuring 100 m by d metres and two semicircles of diameter d metres.
The length of each semicircular arc is 100 m.

(a) Calculate d.

Answer d = ....................................... [2]

(b) Calculate the total area of the region inside the running track.

Answer .......................................m2 [3]

 (c)
T
A
3
S

S is the starting point and finishing point for the 400 m race for a runner in the inside lane.
A runner in an outer lane is always 3 m from the inner perimeter.
The runner in the outer lane starts at A, runs 400 m and finishes at T.
TS = 3 m.

(i) Calculate the length of the arc TA.

Answer ........................................ m [3]

(ii) O is the centre of a semi-circular part of the track.

t .
Calculate AOT

Answer t = ................................ [2]

AOT
4024/22/O/N/14
17 ThediagramshowsasectorAOBofacirclewithcentreOandradius9.3cm.
Theangleofthesectoris260°.
A B
(a) (i) CalculatethelengthofthemajorarcAB.
9.3
O

260°

Answer ...................................... cm[2]

(ii) CalculatetheareaofthemajorsectorAOB.

Answer .....................................cm2[2]

(b) Asectorofradius0.8cm,centreO,isremovedfromthesectorAOB asshowninDiagramI.

Theshadedshapeisusedtomakepartofaconicalfunnel.
AD isjoinedtoBC as showninDiagramII.

A B

D C A,B

Diagram I 0.8
O

D,C
Diagram II

ThecircumferenceofthetopoftheconicalfunnelisthemajorarcAB,andthecircumferenceof
thebottomoftheconicalfunnelisthemajorarcCD.

(i) Calculatetheexternalsurfaceareaofthispartofthefunnel.

Answer .................................... cm2 [2]

 (ii) Thefunneliscompletedbyattachinganopencylinderofheight5cm
tothebottomoftheconicalpart.

(a) Showthattheradiusofthecylinderis0.578cm,
 correctto3significantfigures.


[2]

(b) Calculatetheexternalcurvedsurfaceareaofthiscylinder.

Answer .....................................cm2[2]

(c) Calculatethevolumeofthiscylinder.

Answer .....................................cm3[2]
4024/21/M/J/15
 18

40°

The angle of a sector of a circle, radius 6 cm, is 40°.

(i) The area of the sector is kπ cm2.

Find the value of k.

Answer ............................................ [2]

(ii) Find an expression, in terms of π, for the perimeter of the sector.

Give your answer in the form (a + bπ) centimetres.

Answer ...................................... cm [2]

(iii) A geometrically similar sector has perimeter (72 + nπ) centimetres.

Find the value of n.

Answer ............................................ [1]

4024/22/M/J/15
19 A is the point (8, 7), B is the point (–2, 11) and C is the point (1, 7).

(a) Calculate the area of triangle ABC.

Answer ............................... units2 [2]

 (b) Calculate the length of AB.

Answer ................................. units [2]

(c) Calculate the perimeter of triangle ABC.

Answer ................................. units [2]

t .
(d) Calculate BAC

Answer .......................................... [2]

4024/22/O/N/15
20
D C

a°
A P B

In the diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram.

P and Q are points on AB and BC respectively, such that PB = BQ and DP̂Q = 90°.
BP̂Q = a°.

(a) Find an expression, in terms of a, for each of the following angles.

Give each answer in its simplest form.

(i) PB̂Q

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) AP̂D

Answer .......................................... [1]

ˆ
(iii) DAP

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iv) AD̂P

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) AB = 8 cm and AD = 4.7 cm.

(i) Find PB.

Answer .................................... cm [1]

ˆ = 54°, calculate the area of the parallelogram.

(ii) Given also that DAB

Answer ................................... cm2 [2]

4024/21/O/N/16
21
O

A B
120° 1.8
C

P Q

The diagram shows a semicircle with radii OP and OQ drawn.

The circle, centre C, touches the radii at A and B and the semicircle at T.
The radius of the circle is 1.8 cm.
BĈA = 120°.

(a) Calculate the length of the minor arc AB.

Answer .................................... cm [2]

(b) The shaded region lies between the circle and the radii OP and OQ.

Calculate the perimeter of this shaded region.

Answer .................................... cm [3]

(c) (i) Show that the radius of the semicircle is 5.4 cm.

[2]

(ii) Calculate the length of BQ.

Answer .................................... cm [1]

4024/21/O/N/16
22
O

120º r+4

A B

Sector OAB has radius (r + 4) cm and its area is the same as the area of a circle of radius r cm.

(i) Show that r2 – 4r – 8 = 0 .

[3]

(ii) Calculate r.

Answer r = ...................................... [3]

4024/21/M/J/17
23
O

72º

10

B
A

OAB is a sector of a circle, centre O, and radius 10 cm.

AÔB = 72° and C is the point on the arc AB such that OC bisects AÔB.

(a) Calculate the perimeter of sector OAB.

Answer ....................................... cm [3]

(b) (i) Calculate the area of sector OAB.

Answer ..................................... cm2 [2]

(ii) Calculate the total shaded area.

Answer ..................................... cm2 [3]

(c)
O

72º

10

B
A

D is the point on the arc AB such that AÔD : DÔB = 1 : 2 .

Gavin says that the shaded area on this diagram is the same as the shaded area calculated in
part (b)(ii).

Is he correct? Show your working.

Answer

[4]
4024/22/M/J/17
25

O
11
134°

A B

OAB is a sector of a circle, centre O, radius 11 cm.

t = 134° .
AOB

(i) Calculate the length of the arc AB.

Answer ..................................... cm [2]

(ii) Calculate the shortest distance from O to the line AB.

Answer ..................................... cm [2]

4024/22/M/J/18
26

A B

130°
O

D C

AC and BD are diameters of the circle, centre O.

AC = 12 cm and AOBt = 130° .

(a) Calculate the area of triangle AOB.

Answer ����������������������������������� cm2 [2]

(b) Calculate the area of the sector AOD.

Answer ����������������������������������� cm2 [2]

(c) Calculate the percentage of the area of the circle that is shaded.

Answer �������������������������������������� % [4]

4024/22/O/N/18
27 (a)
L

NOT TO
SCALE

80
110°
45

A display notice is made by removing a sector of a circle from a larger sector.

Both sectors have an angle of 110°.
The radii of the sectors are 80 cm and 45 cm.

(i) Calculate arc length L.

L = ............................................ cm [2]

(ii) Calculate the area of this display notice.

.......................................... cm2 [3]

(b)

NOT TO
SCALE

32 110°

This diagram shows a display notice mathematically similar to the one in part (a).
The radius of the larger sector is 32 cm.

Calculate the area of this display notice.

.......................................... cm2 [2]

4024/21/M/J/20