English
English
English
Literal
Factual: identify answer directly from passage
Vocabulary: provide meaning from text
Inferential - Connotation
Pick out key words from question
Use
(a) author’s intention
(b) prior knowledge
(c) contextual clues
Reference
Quotation
1. Identify topic
2. Understand denotation of quote
3. Understand connotation of quote in context
4. Link to topic and formulate answer
Example
What does ‘given quote’ suggest/tell you about [topic]
Answer((Answer based on topic)
It highlights that Jane is feeling (Topic)
Literary devices
Metaphors, Simile, Personification
• Metaphor: one object is compare to a particular characteristic of another object
• Simile: same as metaphors, except that they have a particular structure of “as…..as…” or “like….”
-Identify Simile and Metaphor: don’t need subject
• Personification: same as metaphors but only use human characteristics
- Identify personification: need subject
Answer
A(subject) is compared to B(object) which highlights/emphasis that C(connotation: shows extreme/intensity:
“very”)
Irony
Expectations do not meet reality
Answer
Since [scenario in text], therefore [logical consequences] yet [opposite of logical consequence, in text, paraphrased]
Pun
aka word play; when a single word/phrase as more than one meaning in the same context/ same sounding words,
in context
*common in visual text; advertising - to attract attention of audience
Steps to understand a pun ; answer structure
1. Identify the pun
2. Identify the meanings
Answer
There is a pun on (word/phrase). The first meaning is (meaning). The second meaning is (meaning).