PO BOX 347

CLOVERDALE WA 6985
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Telephone: + 61 8 9277 6968
Facsimile: +61 8 9277 6975
ABN: 81 755 280 402 Web: airsafe.com.au

This course is designed to satisfy the training requirements of Australian Civil Aviation Safety
Regulations CASR 92.085 for groups A, B, C, D, E and F employees and IATA Category 6 personnel.
Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) Instruments of approval are as follows:
# CASA.DGTNG.0071, Rev.6 - (Operator, Ground Handling Agents and Freight Forwarders groups A, B, C & D employees)
# CASA.DGTNG.0071 Rev.6 - (Shippers group F employees)

© Copyright 2023. All rights reserved, no part of this product may be reproduced, recast, reformatted or
transmitted in any form, by any means, without prior written permission from the proprietors of .

Disclaimer: The information contained in this program is under constant review due to International and National Government reg-
ulations and requirements. No user should act on such information without reference to applicable laws and regulations and with-
out seeking appropriate professional advice. Every effort has been made to present accurate, current information but
shall not be held responsible for loss, damage or legal action due to errors or omissions, misprints or misinterpretation of the con-
tents. and it's personnel take no responsibility if any of the content offends any user.
2023 - V1
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 INTRODUCTION 7
APPLICATION THROUGH LEGISLATION 8-9
FLOW CHART 10
GENERAL INFORMATION
Appendices A - G 11
Index 11
Check sheets 11
APPLICABILITY
Basis for the Regulations 12
Application of the Regulations 12
Shipper’s Responsibilities 13
Operator’s Responsibilities 13
Training Requirements 13
Dangerous Goods Security 14
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 14
LIMITATIONS
Forbidden Substances 15
Hidden Dangerous Goods 15
Passengers' & Crew Baggage 15
Table 2.3.A Passenger and Crew allowances 16-17
Dangerous Goods in Airmail 18
Operator's Property 18
Limited Quantities 18
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 18
CARGO AND BAGGAGE ACCEPTANCE
General Philosophy 19
Marks and Labels on Baggage and Cargo 19
Statement of contents of cargo 19
Common Hidden Dangerous Goods 20-22
Information to passenger and cargo sales and reservations staff 23
Information to passengers and at cargo acceptance points 23
Reporting Undeclared DG 24
Summary 24
General Air Transport Packaging Standards 25
CLASSIFICATION
Class One - Explosives 26
Class Two - Gases 27-28
- Empty Gas cylinders 29
Class Three - Flammable Liquids 30-31
Class Four - Flammable Solids; Substances Liable to Spontaneous
Combustion; Substances Which, in Contact with Water, Emit
Flammable Gases 32-33
Class Five - Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides 34
Class Six - Toxic and Infectious Substances 35-39
Class Eight - Corrosives 39
Class Nine - Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods 40-41
Classification of Substances with Multiple Hazards 42
Samples for Further Testing 42
Classification of Articles containing Dangerous Goods 43
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 43

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 SAFETY DATA SHEETS (SDS) 44-46
IDENTIFICATION
Selecting a Proper Shipping Name 47
Mixtures or Solutions not listed by Name 47
Articles Not Restricted 47
Limited Quantities 47
Numerical Cross Reference 47
Using the List of Dangerous Goods 47-49
Additional IATA Requirements 49
Special Provisions 50
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 50
STATE & OPERATOR VARIATION 51
EXCEPTED QUANTITIES
DG Permitted 51
Packing Requirements 52
Different DG in one Package 52
Marking 52
Documentation 52
De Minimus Quantities 53
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 53
PACKING
Shipper’s Responsibilities 54
General Packaging Requirement
Packaging Quality 54
Different Goods in One Outer Package 55
Inner Packages 55
Cushioning Material 55
Outer & Single Packages 55
Empty Packages 55
Plastic Drums & Jerricans 56
Limited Quantities 56
List of UN Specification Packagings 56
Format of Packing Instructions 56
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 57
PACKAGING SPECIFICATIONS & PERFORMANCE TESTS
Specification Marks 58
Format of Marks 58-60
UN Packaging Specifications 60
UN Packaging Performance Tests 60
Test reports 61
Limited Quantity Test Criteria & Marking 61
Salvage Package Test Criteria 61
IBC Construction & Test Criteria 61
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 61
MARKING & LABELLING
Marking 62
Package Type Marking 62
Package Use Marks 62
Additional Class Marking Requirements 63-64
Prohibited Marking 64
Overpack Marking 64
Labelling 64
Hazard Labels 64
Handling Labels 65-67
Affixing Labels 67

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 Marking & Labelling Overpacks 67
Package Marking & Labelling Example 68
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 68
DOCUMENTATION
Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods 69
Specification for the Declaration Form 69
Rules for Completing the Declaration Form 70
- Number of Copies 70
- Alterations & Amendments 70
- Proper Shipping Name 70
- Signature 70
- Place and date 70
Completing the Declaration Form 70-71
- Shipper’s Declaration example 72
Air Waybill & Con-Note 73-74
Air Waybill & Con-Note example 73
Shipper’s Declaration Not Required 73
Excepted Quantities 73
Lithium Batteries Not Restricted 74
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 74
RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
Definition 75
Units of Measurement 75
Explanatory Information on Packing 76
Types of Packaging 76
Excepted Packages 76
Industrial Packaging 76
Type A Packaging 76
Type B Packaging 77
Type C Packaging 77
Transport Index (TI) 77
Using TI for segregation 78
Package Labelling 78
Labelling for Fissile Material 79
Affixing Labels 79
Package Marking 79
Package Type Marks 79-80
Shipment Marks 80
Package Marking and Labelling Example 80
Proper Shipping Names 81
Documentation 82
Shipper's Declaration Completion 83-84
Shipper’s Declaration Example 85
Approvals & Certificates 84
Air Waybill 86
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 86

OPERATOR’S FLOW CHART 87

HANDLING
Acceptance 88
- Acceptance Check List 88-89
- Hold, Accept & Reject tags 89
- Applicable Acceptance Procedures, Table 9.1.A 90
- Acceptance of Freight Containers and ULD 91
- Infectious Substances 91
- Self-reactive Substance & Organic Peroxides 91
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 - Consumer Warnings (GHS) 91
- Consolidations 91
- Conducting Safety Risk Assessments 91
Storage 92
- Radioactive Materials 92
- Self-reactive Substances & Organic Peroxides 92
Loading 92
- Segregation of Dangerous Goods, Table 9.3.A 92
- Segregation of Lithium Batteries 93
- Handling & Loading DG packages 93
- Magnetized Materials 94
- Radioactive Materials 94
- Dry Ice & Cryogenic liquids 95
- Live Animals 95
- Wheelchairs 95
Provision of Information 95
- To Pilot-in-Command 95
- Emergency Response Information 95
- NOTOC examples 96-97
- To Passengers 98
- At Cargo Acceptance Areas 98
- Reporting DG Accidents and Incidents 98
- Retention of Documents 98
- Helicopter Operations 98
2022 and 2023 DGR Section Highlights 98

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
In the Air 99
List of Dangerous Goods 99
Aircraft Emergency Response Drills 99-100
ERG Code change heads up 100
On the Ground 101
Inspection on Aircraft 101
Detection on Aircraft 101
General Emergency Procedures 101
Detection of Leakage 101
Detection of Fire 101

QUICK REFERENCE PAGE 102

A PAGE FOR YOUR NOTES 103
CREDITS 104

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 Welcome to your Dangerous Goods by Air - Refresher course.

Remember safety is the key issue. Always ask questions, and never cut corners!

The aim of this course is to provide you with training approved by CASA, certification as proof
of training and to assist with the interpretation of the 64th Edition of the IATA "Dangerous
Goods Regulations" (DGR).

COURSE OBJECTIVE

By the end of this course you will be able to prepare a dangerous goods shipment, verify that a
dangerous goods shipment has been properly prepared, and be able to handle dangerous
goods shipments in accordance with the requirements of the IATA Dangerous Goods
Regulations.

To graduate from this course you are required to pass a proficiency questionnaire at the end of
the day. The minimum pass mark is 80%. On successful completion of the course you will
receive a certificate confirming that your qualification will be valid for two years.

Your one-day DG Refresher course, provided it is taken within the three months prior to your
qualification expiring, will extend your qualification for two years from your current expiry date.
If you let your qualification expire then you will have to attend another three-day Acceptance
course to re-qualify.

GENERAL PHILOSOPHY

Most dangerous goods can be transported safely by air, provided certain principles are
followed. These principles, accompanied by specific instructions, are contained in the
International Civil Aviation Organization’s “Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Air” (ICAO Technical Instructions) and industry publications such as the
International Air Transport Association’s “Dangerous Goods Regulations” (IATA DGR).

Each operator/airline also has its own dangerous goods manual. The operator’s dangerous
goods manual identifies everyone’s roles and responsibilities, within that organization, and how
that organization intends to apply the requirements of the DGR to their operation. The
operator’s dangerous goods manual also states which technical document (ie. ICAO Technical
Instructions or IATA DGR) has been adopted by the operator as the minimum requirement for
the carriage of dangerous goods by air. All IATA member carriers and the vast majority of
operators in general aviation have adopted the IATA DGR because of its “ease of use” and
because it is the airline associations publication.

Always ensure that you use the current edition of the IATA DGR
as the regulations are constantly being revised.
In 2023 you must use the 64th edition.

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 The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
Notes
The United Nations, through the International Civil Aviation Organization
(ICAO), have developed the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe
Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (TI). This is the definitive legal
international standard that must be followed when transporting dangerous
goods by air. UN member States then sign an ICAO Annex that specifies
that they will enforce these standards in their airspace.

The International Air Transport Association (IATA)

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an industry association
of the worlds approximately 265 biggest airlines. IATA publishes the
IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) and this document is fully
compliant with the ICAO TI and has become the industry standard
operational document.

Implementation through National Legislation

Each country then introduces local legislation that makes the ICAO TI legally
enforceable in the country’s local jurisdiction.

In Australia
The Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) is the Competent Authority for
Aviation in Australia.

Civil Aviation Act 1988

Dangerous Goods
Subsect 23(1) An aircraft must not carry dangerous goods except:
a) in accordance with the regulations, including any conditions subject to
which the regulations permit the carriage of those goods;
or
b) with written permission of CASA and in accordance with any conditions
specified in the permission.

Subsect 23(2) A person must not carry or consign for carriage any dangerous
goods on board an aircraft except: (see a & b above).
PENALTY - Imprisonment for two years.
Or up to lifetime imprisonment under the Crimes Aviation Act.

Statement of the contents of cargo

Subsection 23A(1) Any person, as required under CASR 92.070, wishing to
consign cargo for carriage on an aircraft must make a written statement
as to the contents of the cargo, or a statement to the effect that the cargo
does not contain dangerous goods.

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 Civil Aviation Safety Regulations Notes

The corresponding Regulations are Civil Aviation Safety Regulation 92.

Where the Act identifies the general concepts of the legislation, the
Regulations then specify more detailed requirements for the transport of
dangerous goods clarifying how the Act will be applied.

Note: CASA’s website: www.casa.gov.au, has the regulations

plus advisory circulars to help with interpretation of, and
compliance with, the legislation.

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 DO YOU HAVE A PROPER SHIPPING NAME (PSN) OR UN NUMBER?
(refer MSDS/SDS)
 
yes  no
UN Number only yes PSN CLASSIFY
LOCATE THE (DGR, Section 3, p.26 W/B)
USE NUMERICAL CROSS
REFERENCE TO IDENTIFY PSN IN LIST OF DG 
PSN (DGR Blue Pages) SELECT “PROPER
(DGR Section 4.3)  SHIPPING NAME”
CHECK STATE (p36 DGR) & (DGR, Table 4.1.A)
  OPERATOR (p71 DGR) 
➔ VARIATIONS  
(DGR Section 2.8)

CHECK SPECIAL PROVISIONS
(DGR Column M Blue Pages &
Section 4.4)

CAN YOU USE EXCEPTED
QUANTITIES
(DGR Column F Blue Pages
& Table 2.6.A)
 
no yes
IS IT RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL? PREPARE IN ACCORDANCE
WITH EXCEPTED
  QUANTITIES PACKING,
MARKING AND
no yes DOCUMENTATION
CHOOSE PACKING INSTRUCTION PREPARE IN (DGR Section 2.6 & p51 W/B)
NUMBER ACCORDANCE WITH
(DGR Column G, I or K, Blue Pages) SECTION 10.

ACCORDING TO:
Shipper’s Declaration p85 W/B
- AIRCRAFT TYPE (Passenger or Air Waybill p86 W/B
cargo aircraft) (DGR Section 10, more 
- QUANTITY TO SEND (DGR examples p846 - 848)
Column H, J or L Blue Pages) 
- PACKAGING OPTIONS 
AVAILABLE

 
SELECT PACKAGING FROM
PACKING INSTRUCTION 
(DGR Section 5 – Yellow Pages) 
and
ENSURE PACKAGING MEETS 
DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 
(DGR Section 6, and p58 W/B)

 
PACK CONSIGNMENT
(Sections Above) 
 
MARK AND LABEL 
PACKAGES 
(DGR Section 7, and p62 W/B)
 
COMPLETE SHIPPERS’ PRESENT SHIPMENT FOR TRANSPORTATION
DECLARATION (P70 W/B) ➔
& AIR WAYBILL (P73 W/B)
(DGR Section 8, more examples p750–757)
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 Notes
Appendix A - Glossary
Some terms of a technical nature or unique to the airline industry have been
defined. Entries in the alphabetical list which have additional information in
Appendix A are marked in Column B of the alphabetical list of dangerous goods
by the symbol "†".
Page 865
Appendix B - Nomenclature
Abbreviations and reference marks used in the regulations have been listed
and explained. These include IATA cargo Interline Message Procedure codes
(IMP).
Page 887
Appendix C - Currently Assigned Substances
As the allocation of organic peroxides and self-reactive substances to generic
entries is made by the national competent authority, a list of currently assigned
organic peroxides and self-reactive substances is given for shippers.
Page 895
Appendix D - Competent Authorities
Competent Authority contact details for non-radioactive dangerous goods is
given in Appendix D.1 and radioactive materials in D.2.
Page 905
Appendix E - Packaging Testing Facilities, Manufacturers and
Suppliers
This appendix contains three lists relating to UN specification packaging: The
first is a list of manufacturers or suppliers; the second list is for testing facilities;
and the third details all packagings specified in the UN "Recommendations on
the Transport of Dangerous Goods".
Page 945
Appendix F – Related Services
This appendix shows where to find Agents who sell IATA publications and
related materials.
Page 971
Appendix G – IATA Safety Standards Programmes
Appendix G provides information about the safety programmes run by IATA.
Page 1005

Index Page 1009

IATA Airline Checklists
Non-Radioactive Page 1033
Radioactive Page 1035
Dry Ice Page 1037
DG Occurrence Report Page 1039

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 Notes
This section outlines who controls, and who is bound by, the DGR; it specifies
each party's responsibilities, and it states the basis for any variations to these
Regulations.

Basis for the Regulations

Recommendations for transporting dangerous goods are developed by:
* The United Nations Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous
Goods (SCoETDG)
and
* The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

“Technical Instructions” are then developed for air by the International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO).

The Technical Instructions are then translated into a working manual by the
International Air Transport Association (IATA), which has also included more
restrictive requirements identified by the symbol “”.
Subsection 1.1

Application of the Regulations

The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) apply to all IATA Member
airlines and any shippers who offer dangerous goods to those airlines. The
IATA DGR complies fully with the ICAO Technical Instructions, which apply to
all member states of ICAO.
Subsections 1.2.1 - 1.2.2 & 1.3.1.1

Clarification of the terms “shall” and “must” being mandatory and “should” and
“may” being preferable have been introduced.
Subsection 1.2.3

The Regulations do not apply to dangerous goods carried to provide in-flight

medical or veterinary aid; as a humane killer for an animal; dangerous goods
required for search and rescue operations and related flights; or for dropping
for horticultural, forestry or pollution control activities.

Conditions for transporting the above materials on the same aircraft

subsequent to use have been included.
Subsection 1.2.7

Any package opened during an inspection by customs or other authorities,

must be restored to its original condition by qualified persons before being
forwarded to the consignee.
Subsection 1.2.10

Consignments may be carried through to destination in accordance with the

Regulations effective at the date of acceptance, irrespective of the issue of any
addendums to or new editions of the Regulations made since that acceptance.
Subsection 1.2.8.2

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 Shipper's Responsibilities Notes
The shipper must provide information to its employees to enable them to fulfil
their responsibilities when transporting dangerous goods by air.
The shipper is responsible for ensuring its consignment is offered in
accordance with these regulations, and is in compliance with all air transport
requirements.
Subsection 1.3

Freight forwarders, cargo agents and shippers are responsible for:

 checking all consignments for undeclared dangerous goods;
 ensuring dangerous goods offered are in full compliance with the DGR;
 ensuring dangerous goods contained in a consolidation are segregated
and offered separately from the non-hazardous component.
 ensure dangerous goods are not loaded into a ULD except where
permitted under 9.1.4.1
Subsections 1.3.3.2.6

Retention of Documents
Shippers’ must keep at least one copy of all documentation for dangerous
goods consignments, including the shipper’s declaration, for at least three
months. Where documents are kept electronically they must be capable of
being reproduced in a printed form.
Subsection 1.3.4

Operator’s Responsibilities
The operator, or ground handling agent, must comply with the requirements of
Section 9 with regard to: acceptance; storage; loading; inspection; provision of
information including emergency response information; reporting; retention of
records and training.
Operations Manuals should contain instructions for staff and ground handlers
on how a carrier will handle dangerous goods including those DG in
Passenger Baggage that require operator approval in Section 2.3.
Subsections 1.4 & 9

Training Requirements
Dangerous goods training is not only important for those dealing with air freight,
but for anyone who works for, or with, an airline. The extent of training required
will be dependent on the person's contact with dangerous goods and their work
functions.
ICAO and IATA are implementing a competency based approach to training,
however the local Competent Authority regulations take precedence. A web
address to their guidance material is supplied in the current edition of the DGR.
Subsection 1.5
Training records must be maintained by the employer and made available, on
request, to the employee or appropriate national authority.
Subsection 1.5.1.4

Adequate Instruction for shipping Lithium batteries

Section II of the lithium battery Packing Instructions state that personnel
shipping these cells or batteries must receive instruction. As a minimum this
includes classification of lithium batteries, procedures and work instructions, a
review to ensure understanding and maintaining records of such instruction.
Subsection 1.6

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Dangerous Goods Security
Operators, freight forwarders and shippers should consider security Notes
requirements. Training should include security awareness, and records of
training should be maintained.
Subsections 1.7.1 – 1.7.2
High consequence dangerous goods are those which have the potential for
misuse in a terrorist incident, or produce serious consequences such as mass
casualties or mass destruction. Operators, freight forwarders and shippers should
cooperate with each other and with appropriate authorities to exchange threat
information, apply appropriate security measures and respond to security
incidents.
Subsection 1.7.3

A basic ten point plan For maintaining

the security oF your freight
1 Ensure that you are aware of the true nature of the materials being sent;
2 Ensure the person asking you to consign or handle the goods is known to you
or you have established their identity;
3 Ensure that packaging is sound, in good order, shows no sign of tampering or
damage and is of a consistent nature;
4 Ensure packages are kept secure during storage and transport and not readily
accessible by non-essential personnel;
5 Ensure that all package marks and labels relate to the current shipment;
6 Limit the distribution of information about your shipments to those people with a
need to know;
7 Secure appropriate paperwork about the shipment;
8 Re-evaluate procedures and security plans on a regular basis, taking into
account current threats and trends;
9 Ensure you have a contingency plan in the event of something going wrong;
10 Have emergency telephone numbers close at hand and readily accessible.

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 There have been no significant changes to Applicability (Section 1).
2023 DGR Section Highlights
 Two appendices have been removed. Appendix H - Competency Based
Training, now found at IATA’s website and Appendix I - Impending changes
which are published every second year.
 Several new definitions have been added, some removed and several
definitions have been amended in Appendix A - Glossary.
E.g. New: Closed Cryogenic Receptacle, Inner vessel, Service equipment.
Amended: Biological Products, Bundles of cylinders, Pressure drums.
 One new entry has been added to Self-Reactive substances table C.1 -
Appendix C and four new concentrations added to Organic Peroxides table C.2
- Appendix C

2023 - V1
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 Notes
As a rule dangerous goods transported by air must travel as cargo as fully
packaged, marked, labelled and declared shipments. Section Two of the
DGR identifies variations or limitations to that rule. There are some
circumstances, such as operator's property and the baggage of passengers
and crew, where goods considered to have a relatively minor danger may
travel with lesser restrictions. Some States and Operators can also impose
further restrictions for additional safety.

Forbidden Substances
Some substances or types of substances have been deemed too dangerous to
be carried on aircraft.
Subsection 2.1.1

Dangerous Goods Forbidden Unless Exempted

Types of substances that are forbidden for carriage unless exempted by the
appropriate national authority under section 1.2.6.1 are included.
Subsection 2.1.2

Hidden Dangerous Goods

Freight that may be hazardous during transportation may not always be
obvious from its description. There is a list of some common descriptions that
may indicate a hidden hazard. See page 20 of this workbook.
Subsection 2.2

Dangerous Goods carried by Passengers or Crew

Section 2.3 is under constant review. It is recommended that operators have a
documented policy and procedure for those items requiring operator approval
and where the pilot-in-command needs notification. In Australia this has
always been required and the operators DG Manual will identify who is
authorised to give this approval and any processes to be followed.
Subsection 2.3 - Table 2.3.A

Definitions
Carry-on Baggage: Baggage carried into the aircraft passenger cabin
by passengers or crew members.
Check-in Baggage: Baggage of a passenger or crew member which is
loaded into an aircraft hold.
On One’s Person: The mentioned item must not be in any baggage
only in the passengers pocket or in hand.
Mishandled Baggage: Baggage of a passenger or crew member which
was supposed to have travelled as Check-in baggage but either
missed the intended flight or was loaded on the wrong aircraft in error.

Mishandled baggage or “Excess Baggage consigned as cargo” is permitted to

contain the same allowances as Passengers check-in baggage. Be aware that
Cargo is subject to customs clearance at destination and passenger duty free
allowances will not apply to cargo.
Subsections 1.2.7(h) & 2.3.0.2

The number of large lithium batteries (over 100 Wh or 2g) in baggage is

limited to two. The number of portable electronic devices containing small
lithium batteries is limited to 15 and spare batteries for such equipment is
limited to 20. Greater numbers can only be carried with operator approval
Subsection 2.3

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2023 - V1
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2023 - V1
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Dangerous Goods in Airmail Notes
The only Dangerous Goods permitted in the mail are Biological Substance, Category B,
which may be refrigerated with dry ice; extremely small quantities of radioactive
material; and now Lithium batteries contained in equipment.
Subsection 2.4

Dangerous Goods in Operator's Property

Allowances have been made for the airlines to carry certain dangerous goods for their
own use. Some articles such as safety equipment, goods for sale duty-free on board, or
for use during a flight may not require a Shipper's Declaration.
Subsection 2.5
Excepted Quantities
Section 2.6 of the IATA DGR. See page 51-52 of this workbook.

Limited Quantities
General Requirements and guidelines for the use of "Limited Quantity" packaging are
outlined in section 2.7.

The maximum net quantity allowed for inner packagings must be in accordance with
the applicable limited quantity packing instruction ("Y" prefix) indicated in column G of
the list of dangerous goods, and shown in section 5. The maximum gross weight of a
limited quantity package must not exceed 30 kg.

The requirements for packing different DG together in the same LTD QTY outer
packaging is found in Section 2.7.5. The same maximum gross weight limitation of 30
kg and, for other than Class 2 (with some exceptions) and Class 9, a Q value must be
calculated.
Subsection 2.7
State & Operator Variations
Section 2.8 of the IATA DGR. See page 51 of this workbook.

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 Table 2.3.A - Changed “Hydrocarbon hair curler” to “Hair Styling equipment”
 Heat producing articles have been removed from Table 2.3.A
 Multiple State and operator variation changes.

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Table 2.3.A - Amended text to “Wheelchairs/Mobility Aids”
“the battery is either:
1. adequately protected against damage by the design of the mobility aid and
securely attached to the wheelchair or mobility aid. The electrical circuits must
be isolated following the manufactures instructions; or
2. removed from the mobility aid following the manufactures instructions.
 Note added to Table 2.3.A - Alcoholic Beverages stating that under 24% is not
restricted as a DG.
 Limited and Excepted Quantities, text has been added to confirm that the
package can have a mixture of DG and DG + non-DG in the same outer.
 Multiple State and operator variation changes.

2023 - V1
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 Notes
All organizations accepting cargo for carriage by air should have some form of
freight acceptance procedures. The aim of having freight acceptance
procedures is to ensure that cargo is correctly handled and that dangerous
goods are declared and shipped correctly. Similarly, all organizations
checking in passengers are required to follow procedures identified by the
operator to ensure that passengers are processed correctly. These
procedures also give the organizations an opportunity to detect any mis-
declared or un-declared dangerous goods.

Marks and labels on baggage and cargo

Look for marks and labels, in particular hazard labels, on baggage and cargo
that may indicate undeclared dangerous goods.

Whilst the presence of GHS pictograms, many of which look like hazard
labels, may indicate dangerous goods the symbols represent what is
hazardous for supply rather than transport. GHS has different classification
criteria than dangerous goods for transport. Information on GHS, including
pictograms, can be found in Appendix B.4 on page 900 of the IATA DGR.

Statement of Contents (for cargo only)

A statement or description of contents is required for all cargo consigned for
carriage by air. When screening cargo for undeclared dangerous goods one
of the most useful tools is the statement of the contents of the cargo.

A statement of the contents, or, a statement to the effect that the shipment
does not contain any dangerous goods, is required for all cargo carried by air.
It must be made in writing in accordance with CASR 92.070 (Australian
legislation). The statement should be accurate and informative.

 If you are sending air cargo try to avoid general descriptions like "Items”,
“Supplies” or “Equipment". Using these or high risk descriptions may
cause delays while the operator questions the true contents of your
shipment.

 If you are accepting freight take particular care when accepting

commodities with high risk descriptions like those included in the list of
Hidden Dangerous Goods (which follows).

If you are unsure whether an article or substance is dangerous goods

do not accept it for carriage until you have sought verification from the
shipper that the shipment is not hazardous. One form of verification is
a Safety Data Sheet (see pages 44- 46) for the product.

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Common Hidden DG Descriptions (DGR 2.2) Notes
Freight that may be hazardous during transportation may not always be declared
by the shipper. Experience has shown that consignments stated as containing the
following commodities often contain undeclared dangerous goods. Cargo
acceptance and passenger handling personnel should seek confirmation from
shippers and passengers about the contents of any item of cargo or baggage
where there are suspicions that it may contain dangerous goods.

AIRCRAFT ON GROUND (AOG) SPARES see "AIRCRAFT SPARE PARTS/

AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT"
AIRCRAFT SPARE PARTS/AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT may contain explosives
(flares or other pyrotechnics), chemical oxygen generators, unserviceable tyre
assemblies, cylinders of compressed gas (oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen or fire
extinguishers), paint, adhesives, aerosols, life-saving appliances, first-aid kits, fuel
in equipment, wet or lithium batteries, matches.
AUTOMOBILE PARTS/SUPPLIES (car, motor, motorcycle) may contain ferro-
magnetic material which may not meet the definition for magnetized material but
which may be subject to special stowage requirements due to the possibility of
affecting aircraft instruments. May also contain engines, carburettors or fuel tanks
which contain or have contained fuel, wet or lithium batteries, compressed gases
in tyre , fire extinguishers, inflation devices shocks/struts with nitrogen, air bag
inflators/air bag modules, flammable adhesives, paints, sealants and solvents, etc.
BATTERY POWERED DEVICES/EQUIPMENT may contain wet of lithium
batteries
BREATHING APPARATUS may indicate cylinders of compressed air or oxygen.
CAMPING EQUIPMENT may contain flammable gases (butane, propane, etc.),
flammable liquids (kerosene, gasoline etc.), flammable solids (hexamine, matches
etc.) or other dangerous goods.
CARS, CAR PARTS see AUTOMOBILES, etc.
CHEMICALS may contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods,
particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids, oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic
or corrosive substances.
CLEANING PRODUCTS may be spirit or alcohol based solvents, or corrosive
cleaners including drain cleaners containing sulphuric acid or caustic soda. Many
cleaning products also come in aerosol cans.
COMPANY MATERIAL (COMAT) such as aircraft parts, may contain dangerous
goods as an integral part, eg. chemical oxygen generators in a passenger service
unit (PSU), various compressed gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and
nitrogen, gas lighters, aerosols, fire extinguishers, flammable liquids such as fuels,
paints and adhesives, and corrosive material such as batteries. Other items such
as flares, first aid kits, life-saving appliances, matches, magnetized material, etc.
CONSOLIDATED CONSIGNMENTS (GROUPAGES) may contain any of the
defined classes of dangerous goods.
CRYOGENIC (LIQUID) indicates refrigerated liquefied gases such as Argon,
Helium, Neon and Nitrogen.
CYLINDERS may indicate compressed gas.
DENTAL APPARATUS may contain hazardous chemicals such as resins or
solvents.
DIAGNOSTIC SPECIMENS may contain infectious substances.
DIVING EQUIPMENT may contain high intensity diving lamps which can generate
extreme heat when operated in air. In order to be carried safely, the bulb or
battery must be disconnected.

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DRILLING and MINING EQUIPMENT may contain explosive(s) and/or other Notes
dangerous goods (including magnetized materials, and/or other class 9
materials, or radioactive material).
DRY SHIPPER (VAPOUR SHIPPER) may contain free liquid nitrogen. Dry
shippers are subject to these regulations if they permit the release of any free
liquid nitrogen, irrespective of the orientation of the package.
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT / ELECTRONIC DEVICES may contain magnetized
materials or mercury in switch gear and electron tubes, wet or lithium batteries,
fuel cells or fuel cell cartridges that contain or have contained fuel
ELECTRICALLY POWERED APPARATUS (wheelchairs, lawn mowers, golf
carts, etc.) may contain wet batteries, lithium batteries or fuel cells or fuel cell
cartridges that contain or have contained fuel.
EXPEDITIONARY EQUIPMENT may contain explosives (flares), flammable
liquids (gasoline), flammable gas (propane) or other dangerous goods.
FIBREGLASS SPORTING EQUIPMENT the sporting equipment itself is not
dangerous, however people often carry materials, which may be flammable liquids
or organic peroxides, to mend the item in case of minor damage (eg. polyester
resin kits or fibreglass repair kits).
FILM CREW OR MEDIA EQUIPMENT may contain explosive pyrotechnic devices,
generators incorporating internal combustion engines, wet batteries, lithium
batteries, fuel, heat-producing items, etc.
FROZEN EMBRYOS may contain liquid nitrogen.
FROZEN FRUIT, VEGETABLES, etc. may be packed in carbon dioxide solid (dry
ice).
FUELS may contain flammable liquids, flammable solids or gases.
FUEL CONTROL UNITS may contain flammable liquids.
HOT AIR BALLOON may contain cylinders with flammable gas, fire extinguishers,
engines, internal combustion, batteries etc.
HOUSEHOLD GOODS may contain hazardous materials such as paint, aerosols,
bleaching powder, etc (also including petrol driven devices like chainsaws and
lawn mowers).
INSTRUMENTS may conceal barometers, manometers, mercury switches,
rectifier tubes, thermometers, etc containing mercury.
LABORATORY/TESTING EQUIPMENT may contain dangerous chemicals.
MACHINERY PARTS may include dangerous goods (adhesives, paints, sealants,
solvents, etc.).
MAGNETS AND OTHER ITEMS OF SIMILAR MATERIAL may individually or
cumulatively meet the definition of magnetised material (see DGR 3.9.2.2)
MEDICAL SUPPLIES / EQUIPMENT may contain items meeting any of the
criteria for dangerous goods, particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic, corrosive substances or lithium batteries.
METAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, METAL FENCING, METAL PIPING may
contain ferro-magnetic material which may be subject to special stowage
requirements due to the possibility of affecting aircraft instruments (see DGR
3.9.2.2)
PASSENGERS BAGGAGE may contain items meeting any of the criteria for
dangerous goods. Examples include fireworks, flammable household liquids,
corrosive oven or drain cleaners, flammable gas or liquid lighter refills or camping
stove cylinders, matches, bleaching powders, aerosols, etc.

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PHARMACEUTICALS may contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous Notes
goods, particularly radioactive material, flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic and corrosive substances.
PHOTOGRAPHIC SUPPLIES / EQUIPMENT may contain items meeting any of the
criteria for dangerous goods, particularly flammable liquids, flammable solids,
oxidizers, organic peroxides, toxic, corrosive substances or lithium batteries.
PROMOTIONAL MATERIAL see “PASSENGER BAGGAGE”
RACING CAR OR MOTORCYCLE TEAM EQUIPMENT may contain engines,
including fuel cell engines, carburettors or fuel tanks which contain fuel or residual
fuel, flammable aerosols, nitromethane, other fuel additives or wet batteries, lithium
batteries, etc.
REFRIGERATORS may contain gases or dangerous liquids.
REPAIR KITS may contain dangerous goods (adhesives, cellulose paints, organic
peroxides, solvents, etc.).
SAMPLES FOR TESTING may contain dangerous goods.
SEMEN may be packed with carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice) or refrigerated liquefied
gas.
SHIPS’ SPARES may contain explosives (flares), cylinders of compressed gas (life
rafts), paint, lithium batteries (emergency locator transmitters), etc.
SHOW, MOTION PICTURE, STAGE AND SPECIAL EFFECTS EQUIPMENT may
contain flammable substances, explosives or other dangerous goods.
SPORTING GOODS / SPORTS TEAM EQUIPMENT may contain cylinders of
compressed or liquefied gas (air, carbon dioxide etc), lithium batteries, propane
torches, first aid kits, flammable adhesives, aerosols etc.
SURFBOARDS the surfboard itself is not dangerous, however surfers often carry
materials, which may be flammable liquids or organic peroxides to mend the board
in case of minor damage (I.e. Polyester resin kits or fibreglass repair kits).
SWIMMING POOL CHEMICALS may contain oxidizing or corrosive substances
(e.g. pool chlorine).
SWITCHES IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OR INSTRUMENTS may contain
mercury.
TOOL BOXES may contain explosives (power rivets), compressed gases or
aerosols, flammable gases (butane cylinders or torches), flammable adhesives or
paints, corrosive liquids, lithium batteries, etc.
TORCHES micro torches and utility lighters may contain flammable gas and be
equipped with an electronic starter. Larger torches may consist of a torch head
(often with self-igniting switch) attached to a cylinder or container of flammable gas.
UNACCOMPANIED PASSENGERS BAGGAGE/PERSONAL EFFECTS may
contain items meeting any of the criteria for dangerous goods, such as fireworks,
flammable household liquids, corrosive oven or drain cleaners, flammable gas or
liquid lighter refills or camping stove cylinders, matches, bleach, aerosols, etc.
(those not permitted under sub-section 2.3).
VACCINES may be packed in carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice).

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 Provision of information to passenger and cargo sales Notes
and reservation staff
Cargo, passenger reservations and sales staff must be provided with
information about the types of cargo or baggage that may contain hidden
hazards, DG indicators and, if applicable, the allowances for passenger and
crew baggage.
Subsection 2.2.3

Provision of information to passengers and at cargo

acceptance points
Cargo acceptance and passenger areas must display notices that inform
passengers, and people lodging cargo, about dangerous goods and what can
or cannot be transported as baggage or cargo respectively. The notices in
cargo acceptance areas must now include visual examples, including
batteries.
Subsections 9.5.2 & 9.5.3

If you have any doubts about whether cargo is classified as dangerous

goods request Technical Specifications. A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) can
usually be obtained from the manufacturer or distributor of Chemicals.
It shows the correct handling and use of a product or chemical. It also
shows hazardous properties and correct clean up procedures and
equipment to be used in the event of leakage or a spill.

Articles are not required to have SDS so information may have to be

obtained from other specification documents.

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 Reporting Incidents including undeclared DG Notes
Any dangerous goods incident, including the detection of undeclared
dangerous goods in cargo or baggage, occurring after acceptance by the
operator, must be reported to the national competent authority within the time
specified by that authority. In Australia, an incident or accident involving
dangerous goods must be reported to the Civil Aviation Safety Authority within
48 hours or two working days.
Subsection 9.6 & CASR 92.065

Note 1: Detecting undeclared or mis-declared dangerous goods in baggage or

freight after acceptance by the operator must be reported.

Note 2: Detecting undeclared dangerous goods in baggage or freight before

acceptance by the operator will have prevented a DG incident occurring and
therefore does not need to be reported to the Competent Authority.

Summary
 Screen all cargo for undeclared dangerous
goods.
 Obtain a written statement as to the contents
of cargo.
 Provide information to people lodging baggage
or cargo to promote awareness about items
which may be hazardous.
 Ensure any cargo accepted for carriage is
suitably packaged and in good condition for air
transport.
 When unsure, ask for more information.
 If in doubt, leave it out.
 If you detect a DG incident, report it!

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 3K-08, JK-08, QF-08 Any party who becomes aware of DG that have travelled on a
QANTAS Group aircraft, and are not in compliance with the DGR, must report it to the
operator. (See operator variations)

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 Notes
General Air Transport Packaging Standards
All cargo and baggage, not just dangerous goods, must be in packaging of a
strength and design appropriate for the nature, shape, size and weight of the
contents. The packaging not only protects the freight but also the aircraft from
damage and the cargo handlers from injury.

Following are some basic guidelines to consider when packing or accepting air
freight:
 The package must be suitable to withstand the pressure differentials
encountered during air transport, ie. unclamped paint cans are not suitable
- packages must have a secure/positive method of closure.
 Packages must be in good condition and of adequate strength for the
nature, size and weight of the shipment and should be able to survive
normal transport conditions, ie. no excessive corrosion in metals, good
quality cardboard/fibreboard which is free from holes or excessive
quantities of tape.
 The contents should be cushioned to prevent movement and/or breakage
in flight.

To reduce the likelihood of mishandling, ideally cargo should be marked with the
following:
- name and address of the receiver; and
- an AWB, or other transport document, sticker.
Check-in baggage should be marked with the name and address of the owner.

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 Notes
Section three contains specific technical classification criteria to assist shippers
to determine whether their shipment is classified as dangerous goods and
allocate classes and packing groups where applicable.

Class 1 - Explosives (DGR 3.1)

Affix Affix
Explosive Division 1.4
label label
here here

Eg. TNT, mortar shells, torpedoes, nitroglycerin (not desensitized), Safety

fuses, fireworks, detonators, explosive rivets, ammunition, etc.
Class one is divided into six divisions and substances or articles are then
further assigned to compatibility groups. Compatibility groups are in Table
3.1.A.

DIVISIONS
Division 1.1 - A mass explosion hazard.
Division 1.2 - Projection hazard with no mass explosion hazard.
Division 1.3 - Fire and minor blast and/or minor projection hazard but no mass
explosion hazard.
Division 1.4 - No significant hazard.
Division 1.5 - Very insensitive having a mass explosion hazard.
Division 1.6 - Extremely insensitive with no mass explosion hazard.
Subsection 3.1.3

Testing requirement for certain 1.4S Explosives

Certain explosives of Division 1.4S must have additional testing prior to being
carried on a passenger aircraft. This requirement is highlighted against
relevant items in Section 4.2, the List of Dangerous Goods by Special Provision
A165 appearing in column M.
Subsection 3.1.4.3

Classification of Explosives
Before the transportation of any newly classified explosive, and/or use of
packaging, the appropriate authority of the state of manufacture must approve
the proper shipping name, division, and compatibility group assigned in writing.
Subsection 3.1.5

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 Class 2 - Gases (DGR 3.2) Notes
A gas is a substance which has a vapour pressure greater than 300 kPa at a
temperature of 50°C, or is completely gaseous at 20°C at a standard pressure
of 101.3 kPa.
Subsection 3.2.1.1

This class comprises:

(a) Compressed gas - a gas which, when packaged under pressure for
transport, is entirely gaseous at –50°C;
(b) Liquefied gases - a gas which, when packaged under pressure for
transport, is partially liquid at temperatures above –50°C;
(c) Refrigerated liquefied gases - a gas which, when packaged for transport, is
made partially liquid because of its low temperature;
(d) Dissolved gas - a gas which, when packaged under pressure for transport,
is dissolved in a liquid phase solvent;
(e) Adsorbed gas—a gas which, when packaged for transport, is adsorbed onto
a solid porous material resulting in an internal receptacle pressure of
less than 101.3 kPa at 20°C, and less than 300 kPa at 50°C.
Subsection 3.2.1.2

Class 2 also includes all aerosols, as the contents are under

pressure. This is regardless of whether they have a subsidiary
hazard.
Subsection 3.2.5.1

Class 2 has three divisions.

Division 2.1 - Flammable Gas

Gases which, at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa and a temperature of 20°C,
are ignitable when in a mixture of 13% or less by volume with air or have a
flammable range of at least 12 percentage points. Test methods are also given
to determine the flammability of aerosols.
Subsections 3.2.2.1 & 3.2.5.2

Affix
Division 2.1
label
here

eg. Butane, hydrogen, propane, acetylene, most aerosols, flammable gas

powered engines or machinery, etc...

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 Notes
Division 2.2 - Non-flammable, non-toxic gas
Gases transported at not less than 200 kPa at 20°C, and which are
asphyxiant, oxidizing, or do not come under the other divisions.
Subsections 3.2.2.2 & 3.2.2.4

Affix
Division 2.2
label
here

eg. Carbon dioxide, neon, fire extinguishers, low temperature gases -

helium/nitrogen, oxygen cylinders, breathing apparatus etc...

Division 2.3 - Toxic gas

Toxic or corrosive gases which are known to pose a hazard to health, or have a
LC50 value less than or equal to 5000 ml/m cubed.
Subsection 3.2.2.3

Affix
Division
2.3 label
here

eg. Chlorine, carbon monoxide, tear gas

devices, some ammonia solutions etc...

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 “E mpty” Gas Cylinders
The following are air transport requirements for "empty" gas cylinders. An emp-
ty gas cylinder can only be sent as "Not Restricted" if:
1) the pressure of the cylinder is less than that identified in the classification
criteria in the IATA DGR, ie.
➢ for Class 2.1 - Flammable Gas, the pressure must not exceed 101.3 kPa
at 20°C. DGR 3.2.2.1
➢ for Class 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Gas, the pressure must not
exceed 200 kPa at 20°C. DGR 3.2.2.2 & 3.2.2.4
and
2) there is no hazardous residue.
➢ For Class 2.1 - Flammable Gas the cylinder would need to be thoroughly
and chemically purged in accordance with any competent authority re-
quirements. You would want to see a certificate or letter from an ap-
propriate organization to confirm this. A barbecue cylinder falls within
this classification.
➢ For Class 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Gas an empty cylinder which
has previously contained only non-flammable gas is highly unlikely to
contain hazardous residue. Provided that there are no other dangerous
goods involved, for example the explosive initiating charges in some fire
extinguishers, and the valve is securely closed, these could travel as
"Not Restricted". The valve should be re-closed to prevent the pressure
differential experienced at altitude from forcing out any non-
hazardous contents, and also to prevent moisture entering
the cylinder. Examples of this are divers’ air cylinders
and oxygen cylinders.

2023 - V1
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 Class 3 - Flammable Liquids (DGR 3.3) Notes

Affix
Class 3
label
here

eg. Oil based paint, petrol, some adhesives, most essential oils, perfume,
flammable liquid powered engines or machinery, etc...

Class 3 includes:
- Flammable Liquids; and
- Liquid desensitized explosives
Flammable liquids are liquids, or mixtures of liquids, or liquids containing solids
in solution or suspension, that give off flammable vapour at temperatures
not greater than 60°C closed-cup test, or not greater than 65.6°C open-cup test.
This is normally referred to as the 'Flash Point'.
Subsection 3.3.1.1

The word inflammable has the same meaning as flammable.

Packing Group Criteria

Table 3.3.A uses the flash point and boiling point of a substance to determine
its packing group.
TABLE 3.3.A
Class 3 - Packing Group Assignment (3.3.2.2)

Packing Flash Point

Group (closed cup) Initial Boiling Point

I - ≤ 35ºC

II < 23ºC
> 35ºC
III ≥ 23ºC but ≤ 60ºC

For the meaning of the symbols see page 102 of this workbook.
Subsection 3.3.2

Viscous substances such as paint, varnish, and glue may have a flash point of
less than 23°C and still be assigned to Packing Group III. Where substances
are assigned to Packing Group III because of viscosity this must be noted
on the DGD and maximum quantity per package drops to 30 L for
passenger and 100 L for Cargo Aircraft Only.
Subsections 3.3.3.1 & 8.1.6.11.6
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 Flow time tests and solvent separation tests must have been conducted to Notes
determine viscosity.
Subsection 3.3.3.1

Flash Points Examples of Petroleum Products

The following table is a general guide to the flash points of petroleum products

RESTRICTED NOT RESTRICTED

PRODUCT FLASH PRODUCT FLASH

POINT POINT
Aviation Gasoline -46°C Heating Oil 65°C
Aviation Turbine Fuel -40°C
Petrol Super (leaded) -43°C Automotive Distillate 80°C
Petrol Unleaded -43°C
Crude Oil -15°C Industrial Diesel Fuel 80°C
(Bass Strait, AU)
Fuel Oil
Benzene/Benzol -11°C - High in Sulphur 90°C
Toluene/ Toluol -11°C - Low in Sulphur 90°C
White Spirit 32°C Bitumen 210°C
Mineral Turpentine 32°C
Xylene/Xylol 28°C Lubricating 200°C

Lighting Kerosene 48°C

Power Kerosene 35°C

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 Class 4 - Flammable Solids; Substances Liable to Notes
Spontaneous Combustion; Substances which, in
Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases (DGR 3.4)
This class has three divisions:
Division 4.1 - Flammable solids
Division 4.1 applies to:
(a) Flammable solids - substances which, under the normal conditions of air
transport, are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through
friction.
(b) Self-reactive substances – thermally unstable substances liable to
undergo strongly exothermic decomposition even without the participation
of oxygen (air). Substances are allocated PSNs in Appendix C.1.
(c) Solid desensitised explosives – substances which are wetted with water
or alcohols or diluted with other substances to form a homogeneous solid
mixture to suppress their explosive properties.
(d) Polymerizing substances - substances which, without stabilization, are
liable to undergo a strong exothermic reaction resulting in the formation of
polymers under conditions normally encountered in transport.
Subsection 3.4.1

Affix
Division 4.1
label
here

eg. Sulphur, matches, fire lighters, wetted TNT, metal powders etc...

Division 4.2 - Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion

Substances which, under the normal conditions of transport, are liable to
spontaneously heat, or heat when in contact with air and are liable to catch fire.
Subsection 3.4.2.1
eg. White phosphorus, copra, some natural vegetable and animal fibres,
etc…

The following types of substances are

classified in Division 4.2:
(a) Pyrophoric Substances (Packing
Affix Group I) - liquids or solids that in small
quantities ignite in less than five
Division
minutes after coming in contact with
4.2 air.
label (b) Self Heating Substances (Packing
here Groups II & III) - solids which require
large amounts (kilograms) and a long
time (hours or days) to heat to the
point of ignition.
Subsections 3.4.2.2.1-3.4.2.2.2
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 Notes
Division 4.3 - Substances Which, in Contact with Water, Emit
Flammable Gases
Substances which, in contact with water, spontaneously combust or give off
flammable gases in dangerous quantities.
Subsection 3.4.3.1

Affix
Division 4.3
label
here
Sodium
Calcium Carbide

eg. Calcium carbide, sodium, lithium, etc...

These substances emit flammable gases which can form explosive mixtures
with air which can be easily ignited by all ordinary sources of ignition, for
example naked lights, unprotected lamps or sparking hand tools.
Subsection 3.4.3.2

Packing Group Criteria

Packing Group I - In ambient temperatures, the substance reacts vigorously
with water and the gas produced generally ignites
spontaneously; Or, a 1 kg sample of the substance reacts
readily with water in ambient temperatures, at a rate equal to
or greater than 10 L over any one minute period.
Packing Group II - A 1 kg sample of the substance reacts readily with water in
ambient temperatures, at a rate equal to or greater than 20 L
per hour, and does not meet the criteria of Packing Group I.
Packing Group III - A 1 kg sample of the substance reacts slowly with water in
ambient temperatures, at a rate equal to or greater than 1 L
per hour, and does not meet the criteria of Packing Groups I
or II.
Subsection 3.4.3.4

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 Class 5 - Oxidizers; Organic Peroxides (DGR 3.5) Notes
This class comprises two divisions:
Division 5.1 - Oxidizing Substances
Substances which yield oxygen and cause or contribute to combustion of other
material. Such substances may be contained in an article.
Subsection 3.5.1.1

eg. Ammonium nitrate fertilizers,

Affix chemical oxygen generators
Division 5.1 (PSU), pool chlorine, bleaches,
label calcium chlorate, etc...
here

Testing procedures for the classification and allocation of packing groups for
liquid oxidizers are given in 3.5.1.4.
Subsection 3.5.1.2
Division 5.2 - Organic Peroxides
Substances which are organic and contain the bivalent structure -O-O-. They
may be considered to be derivatives of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of
the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals.
Subsection 3.5.2.1

Affix
Division 5.2
label
here

eg. Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP– used as the activator

in some resin kits and also as a cleaning agent).
These substances are thermally unstable, and may undergo exothermic
decomposition, which may be started by heat or contact with impurities, friction or
impact. They may have one or more of the following properties:
- be liable to explosive decomposition;
- burn rapidly;
- be sensitive to impact or friction;
- react dangerously with other substances; and/ or
- cause damage to the eyes. Subsection 3.5.2.4.1
Note: Organic peroxides currently classified and permitted for transport are listed
in Appendix C.2.

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 Class 6 - Toxic and Infectious Substances (DGR 3.6)
Class six comprises two divisions:

Division 6.1 - Toxic Substances (Poisonous)

Substances liable to cause death, injury or harm to human health if swallowed, Notes
inhaled or absorbed through the skin - these include pesticides.
Subsection 3.6.1.1

Affix
Division 6.1
label
here

eg. cyanide, nicotine, arsenic, strychnine, some pesticides.

Packing Group Criteria
The assignment of packing groups for division 6.1 is affected by how the poison
is administered (oral, dermal or inhalation of mists and dusts or vapours). Tables
3.6.A and 3.6.B should be referred to for specific data in determining packing
groups of toxic substances including pesticides.
Subsection 3.6.1.3
TABLE 3.6.A
Oral, Dermal and Dust/Mist Inhalation Hazards
Division 6.1 Packing Group Criteria (3.6.1.3)

Inhalation Toxicity by
Oral Toxicity Dermal Toxicity
Packing Group Dusts & Mists
LD50 (mg/kg) LD50 (mg/kg)
LC50 (mg/L)

I  5.0  50  0.2

II > 5.0 but  50 > 50 but  200 > 0.2 but  2.0

III > 50 but  300 > 200 but  1,000 > 2.0 but  4.0

Example of use of table 3.6.A

Dermal Toxicity LD50 of 100 mg/kg = packing group II

NOTE: Liquids having a vapour inhalation toxicity of Packing Group I are

forbidden for carriage on both passenger and cargo aircraft.
Subsection 3.6.1.4

Pesticides
Proper shipping names are selected on the basis of active ingredient, physical
state and any subsidiary hazard(s). Packing Groups should be assigned
according to the toxicity criteria in Table 3.6.A.
Subsection 3.6.1.8

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Division 6.2 - Infectious Substances. Notes

Infectious substances are those known, or reasonably expected, to contain

pathogens. Pathogens are micro-organisms (including bacteria, viruses, parasites,
fungi) and other agents such as prions, which can cause disease in humans or
animals.
Subsection 3.6.2.1

Affix
Division
6.2 UN 3373
label
here

eg. Pathology specimens,

diagnostic specimens, clinical & medical waste, etc.

The following materials may be classified as infectious substances:

 Infectious Substances
 Biological products (manufactured products such as vaccines);
 Cultures (laboratory stocks of pathogens, grown in laboratory conditions);
 Patient specimens;
 Medical and clinical waste derived from the treatment of animals or humans or
from bio-research.
Subsections 3.6.2.1.1 - 3.6.2.1.5

Infectious substances must be classified as 6.2 and assigned to UN2814, UN2900,

UN3291, UN3373, or UN3549 as appropriate, and are assigned as follows:

Category A: An infectious substance which is transported in a form that, when

exposure to it occurs, is capable of causing permanent disability, life-threatening or
fatal disease to humans or animals. Indicative (but not exhaustive) examples are
given in Table 3.6.D, pages 38 and 39 of this workbook. Infectious substances
affecting both human and animals are to be assigned to UN 2814.

Assignment to UN 2814 or UN 2900 must be based on known medical history of the

patient or animal, endemic local conditions, symptoms of the patient or animal, or
professional judgment concerning individual circumstances of the patient or animal.

These substances must comply with Packing Instruction 620, which requires
Infectious Substance UN Specification packaging, hazard labeling, marking and a
shippers declaration.
Subsection 3.6.2.2.2.1

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Category B: An infectious substance which does not meet the Notes
criteria for inclusion in Category A and is not exempt. Infectious
substances in Category B must be assigned to UN 3373
“Biological substance category B”.
Biological substance
category B
These substances must comply with Packing Instruction 650,
which requires suitable packaging, the text “Biological substance UN3373
category B” on the package, the UN 3373 mark, but no hazard Name and tele-
label or Shipper’s Declaration. phone number of
Subsection 3.6.2.2.2.2 responsible person

Patient Specimens
Patient Specimens include, but are not limited to, excreta, secreta, blood and its
components, tissue and tissue fluids, and body parts collected directly from humans
or animals for purposes such as diagnosis, research, investigational activities,
disease treatment and prevention. These may be classified as Infectious
Substances Category A or B, or exempt human or animal specimens.
Subsection 3.6.2.1.4
Medical Waste
Medical or clinical waste containing Category A infectious substances or cultures
must be assigned to UN 2814, UN 2900 or UN 3549 as appropriate.
Medical or clinical waste must be assigned to UN 3291 if reasonably expected to
have Category B infectious substances present.
Medical or clinical waste with a low probability of containing infectious substances
must also be assigned to UN 3291.
UN 3291 = “(Bio) medical waste, n.o.s.”, “Clinical waste, unspecified, n.o.s.”, or
“Regulated medical waste, n.o.s.”.
Subsection 3.6.2.5
Exceptions
The following are not subject to the DGR:
 Substances in a form that any present pathogens have been neutralized or
inactivated such that they do not pose a health risk;
 Environmental samples, including food and water samples, which are not
considered to pose a significant risk of infection.
 Blood which has been collected for the purpose of blood transfusion or for the
preparation of blood products, and blood products and any tissues or organs
intended for use in transplants.

Exempt Human or Animal Specimens

Patient specimens where it is unlikely that pathogens are present can be
transported as not subject to the DGR if they are packed in packaging which will
prevent leakage and are marked with the words “Exempt human specimen” or
“Exempt animal specimen” as appropriate.
The packages must consist of;
 Leakproof primary packaging;
 Leakproof secondary packaging;
 Sufficient absorbent material between primary and secondary packaging to
absorb the entire contents; and an
 Outer package of a strength appropriate to the size and weight of the package
with at least one surface having the minimum dimensions of 100mm x 100mm.

Subsection 3.6.2.2.3

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Infectious Substances forbidden as Category B
Notes

Table 3.6.D
Indicative Examples of Infectious Substances Included in Category A in
Any Form Unless Otherwise Indicated (3.6.2.2.2.1)

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 Infectious Substances forbidden as Category B (cont’d)
Notes

Table 3.6.D
Indicative Examples of Infectious Substances Included in Category A in
Any Form Unless Otherwise Indicated (3.6.2.2.2.1) continued

Note 1: The above list is not exhaustive. Infectious substances, including

new or emerging pathogens, which do not appear in the Table but which meet
the same criteria, must be assigned to Category A. In addition, if there is doubt
as to whether or not a substance meets the criteria it must be included in
Category A.

Note 2: Micro-organisms shown in italics in the above table are bacteria or

fungi.

Cultures are the result of a process by which pathogens are

intentionally propagated in order to generate high concentrations,
thereby increasing the risk of infection on exposure. This does not
include patient specimens as defined in section 3.6.2.1.4.
Subsection 3.6.2.1.3

Medical devices or equipment potentially contaminated with Category B

infectious substances and being transported for disinfection, cleaning,
sterilization or repair can be carried as general cargo provided the package
cannot leak and complies with subsection 3.6.2.2.3.9. The package must be
marked “Used Medical Device” or “Used Medical Equipment”.
Subsection 3.6.2.2.3.9

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 Notes
Class 7 - Radioactive Material (DGR Sect.10)
See page 75 of this workbook.

Class 8 - Corrosives (DGR 3.8)

Affix
Class 8
label
here

eg. Battery acid, mercury, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid.

Corrosive substances are those which, by chemical action, will cause

irreversible damage to skin or, in the case of leakage will materially damage, or
even destroy, other goods or the means of transport.
Subsection 3.8.1

The assignment of corrosives to packing groups is based on existing data of

the effects of exposure to humans and animals and the following criteria:
Subsection 3.8.3

TABLE 3.8.A
Class 8—Packing Group Assignment
based on Corrosivity (3.8.3)
Packing Observation
Group Exposure Time Time Effect

I  3 min  60 min Irreversible damage of

intact skin
II > 3 min  60 min  14 d Irreversible damage of
intact skin
III > 60 min  4 h  14 d Irreversible damage of
intact skin

III - - Corrosion rate on

steel/aluminium
> 6.25 mm a year at a
test temperature of
55C
Note: h = hours, d = days.

Examples: Exposure time Packing Group

Three minutes I
Forty minutes II
Two hours III

Where no such data exists for new substances, solutions or mixtures

alternative methods of classification based on calculations of proportions of
ingredients have been introduced.
Sub-section 3.8.4

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 Class 9 - Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances and Notes
Articles Including Environmentally Hazardous
Substances (DGR 3.9)

Affix Affix
Class 9 Li Battery
label label
here here

This class comprises articles and substances which, during air transport, may
present a danger not covered by other classes.
Subsection 3.9.1
Class 9 includes, but is not limited to, the following articles and substances:
(a) Aviation Regulated Liquid or solid (UN 3334 & UN 3335) - liquids or
solids, which do not fall within Classes 1-8 and, which if spilled, could
cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to flight crew resulting in inability
to perform assigned duties; eg food flavourings, aromatic extracts,
anaesthetics.
Subsection 3.9.2.1
(b) Magnetized material (UN 2087) see Packing Instruction 953 for tests for
magnetic field strength from external packaging: eg. Metal fencing, metal
construction material etc.
Subsection 3.9.2.2
(c) Elevated temperature substances (UN 3257 & UN 3258) - Substances
which, when offered for transport, are in a liquid state at a temperature of
equal to or greater than 100°C, or in a solid state at temperatures equal to
or greater than 240°C.
Subsection 3.9.2.3
(d) Environmentally hazardous substances (UN 3077 & UN 3082) –
Substances that are pollutant to the aquatic environment.
Subsection 3.9.2.4
(e) Genetically modified micro-organisms (GMMOs) and genetically
modified organisms (GMOs) (UN 3245) are organisms where the genetic
material has been altered through engineering in a way not normally
occurring in nature. An exception for Covid-19 Vaccines has been made.
Subsection 3.9.2.5
(f) Lithium Batteries (UN 3480, UN 3481, UN 3090 & UN 3091)
Subsection 3.9.2.6
(g) Inhalation hazard Substances (UN 2212, UN 2590 - Asbestos)
Subsection 3.9.2.7
(h) Capacitors (UN 3499, UN 3508)
Subsection 3.9.2.8
(i) Substances evolving flammable vapour (UN 2211, UN 3314 - polymeric
mouldings)
Subsection 3.9.2.9
(j) Life-saving appliances - (UN 2990, UN 3072, UN 3268) eg life-rafts
Subsection 3.9.2.10
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 (k) Substances which may form dioxins in the event of fire - (UN 2315, UN Notes
3151, UN 3152, UN3432) - Polychlorinated and polyhalogenated biphenyls.
Subsection 3.9.2.10
(l) Miscellaneous Articles and Substances - examples include:
Battery powered equipment/vehicles Carbon dioxide, solid (dry ice)
Chemical and first aid kits Consumer commodities
Vehicles (incl. flammable gas and flammable liquid powered)
Dangerous goods in articles, machinery or apparatus
Subsections 3.9.2.12

Classification of Substances with Multiple Hazards

Where a substance is not listed by name in the List of Dangerous Goods and
has more than one hazard the primary hazard (most danger) must be
determined in accordance with Table 3.10.A.
sub-section 3.10

The generic proper shipping name which most accurately describes the
hazards presented showing the primary hazard first.
sub-section 3.10.1.3

Table 3.10.A does not include the following classes, divisions or particular
hazards as they always take precedence: explosives (Class 1), gases (Class
2), liquid desensitized explosives (Class 3), self-reactive substances and
related substances and solid desensitised explosives (Division 4.1), pyrophoric
substances (Division 4.2), organic peroxides (Division 5.2), Toxic materials with
a vapour inhalation toxicity of PG I (Division 6.1), infectious substances
(Division 6.2) or radioactive materials (Class 7), other than excepted packages
of radioactive material.
sub-sections 3.10.2 - 3.10.5

The proper shipping names for these substances must be the most appropriate
n.o.s. entry based on primary hazard, subsidiary hazard and most restrictive
packing group.
sub-section 3.10.1.2

Transport of Samples for Further Testing

When the hazard class of the substance is uncertain and it is being transported
for testing, a tentative UN number must be assigned based on the shippers
knowledge of:
 The known properties of the substance;
 The classification criteria of the regulations; and
 Precedence of hazards as outlines in sub-section 3.10.

The most restrictive packing group applicable to the proper shipping name must
be used.

The proper shipping name must also be supplemented with the word “sample”
if not already in the proper shipping name.

There are limits to the use of this allowance for certain classes of dangerous
goods and packagings. See section 3.11.3 of the DGR for further information.

Section 3.11
Note: Section 3.11.4 has been introduced to set out the requirements for the
transport of Samples of Energetic (self-reactive) Materials for testing.

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 Notes
Classification of Articles Containing Dangerous Goods
Articles containing dangerous goods may be classified under the proper
shipping name for the dangerous goods they contain, or in accordance with this
section. Articles are defined as, machinery, apparatus or other devices
containing one or more dangerous goods or their residue, where the DG are an
integral element and necessary for the functioning of the article. An inner
packaging is not an article
Sub-section 3.12.1

This section does not apply to articles where a proper shipping name already
exists. Eg, UN1044 Fire extinguishers.
Sub-section 3.12.3

This section does not apply to articles containing classes 1 ,6.2 or 7.

Sub-section 3.12.4

Articles containing dangerous goods must be assigned to the appropriate class

or division Where more than one DG is present the precedence of hazards
Table 3.10.A must be used to determine which of the hazards will present the
greatest risk and therefore primary and subsidiary hazard contained in the
article. All other classes take precedence over class 9.
Sub-section 3.12.4 - 3.12.6

2022 DGR Section Highlights

No major changes.

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 New UN number added to a Note in Class 6.2 Infectious Substances relating
to toxins extracted from plant, animal or bacterial sources that do not contain a
pathogen should be classified as Class 6.1 - UN 3462.
 Text amendments have been made to Class 8 Corrosives relating to test
results.
 Exemption for lithium battery button cells from requiring a test summary added.

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 With the introduction of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Notes
Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) were
replaced by Safety Data Sheets (SDSs). The purpose of GHS is to give an
international standard for product information (SDS) and labelling (pictograms)
thereby providing a basis for the harmonization of rules and regulations at a
national, regional and worldwide level. This facilitates a consistency that
assists international trade.

SDS are valid for five years in Australia and on 01 January 2017 GHS became
mandatory in most States of Australia, after a subsequent five year phase in
period, .

SDS are Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) documents required for all
potentially hazardous materials used in the workplace. They identify the
hazardous properties and ingredients of a product, in order to protect all those
who may use and store them in the workplace.

A SDS gives information on:

- Chemical names and dangerous goods classification;
- Manufacturer’s name and address and contact number;
- Chemical properties and ingredients;
- Safe handling and storage;
- Exposure limits;
- Safety information and first aid;
- Disposal;
- When the SDS was prepared.

Just because a material has a SDS, it is not necessarily restricted as

dangerous goods for transport. The product may be hazardous for use in the
workplace but not deemed dangerous for transport. Similarly not all dangerous
goods have SDS as they do not apply to articles e.g a motor vehicle.

The term “hazardous” on a SDS and the use in section 2 of pictograms,

though based on hazard labels refer to OHS classification guidelines
which do not align with transport Regulations and do not have the same
meaning as “dangerous” from a transport perspective.

The 16 section format of an SDS remains the same as that of a MSDS and
Transport information should be found in Section 14. However, you should
read the SDS in its entirety. Don’t rely solely on the transport section. Even if
the field for the UN Number in section 14 says “Not Applicable”, or “N/A”, you
should still read through the whole SDS and check the information against the
properties of the classes.

Ensure Data Sheets are current and relevant to the % of

your substance.
Information on chemicals change on a
regular basis, and old data can be misleading.

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 Safety Data Sheet 02 July 2022
MATERIAL & SUPPLY COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

Substance name: Methoxyacetal Chloride

CAS No: 38870-89-2
Product Use: Laboratory chemical
Company ID: Fischer Scientific Co Telephone: +61 (0)2 9644 7444
Fax: +61 (0)2 9644 1777
Email: clientservice@fischer.com.au
Emergency Telephone: +61 (0) 4855 2323232

2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
GHS Classification & Hazard Statements:
H226 Category 3 R10 Flammable Liquid and vapour
H331 Category 3 R23 Acute toxicity, inhalation
H314 Category 1B R34 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H318 Category 1 R41 Causes serious eye damage
H371 Category 3 R68 / R21 May cause damage to organs(single exposure)
Label elements
Signal Word: Danger

P260 Do not breathing dust/fume/gas/vapours/spray

P271 Use only outdoors in well ventilated areas
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/ hot surfaces—no smoking
P233 Keep container tightly closed

3. COMPOSITION / INFORMATION OF INGREDIENTS

Component Classification Concentration

Methoxyacetyl chloride 38870-89-Flam.Liq. 3; Acute Tox. 3; 1B; 1Stot SE3; H226, H331, <= 100%
H314, H318, H335

4. FIRST AID
.
Skin contact P303 + P361 + P353: If on skin (or hair) remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin
Eye contact Rinse opened eye for several minutes
Ingestion P310 + P310: Do not induce vomiting. Immediately call doctor/physician. Drink milk if possible.
Inhalation P304 + P340: Remove from exposure, lie down. provide oxygen or artificial respiration where necessary
Important symptoms and effects: May have difficulty breathing. Causes burns by all exposure routes

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

HazchemCode: 3W
Extinguishing media: dry powder, Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
Special Hazards arising from substance: Carbon Oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas, vapours heavier than air and may spread
along floors
Advice for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Prevent skin contact. Wear suitable protective clothing.

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE INFORMATION

Personal Precautions - Safe Handling: Product causes chemical burns.
Evacuate the area immediately.
Remove all ignition sources, Ventilate area—avoid inhalation of vapours or dust
Environmental Precautions: Do not let product enter drains. Risk of explosion.
Clean up procedures: Cover drains. Collect, bind with suitable materials Transfer to a closable, labelled salvage container for
disposal by an appropriate method. Clean up affected area. See sections 7 & 10 of SDS.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Personal Precautions Work under hood
Do not inhale substance/mixture
Immediately change contaminated clothing. Wash hands and face after working with substance
Protection against fires Fight fire with normal precaution from a reasonable distance
Storage Controls Keep containers tightly closed in a dry well ventilated place. Keep away from sources of ignition.
Keep locked up in areas accessible to only qualified or authorized persons
Recommended storage temperature 2-8 ºC
Further information: Avoid direct sun & heat. Keep in well ventilated area. Moisture sensitive.

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8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Exposure controls
General protective measures: Change contaminated clothing. Apply preventive skin protection. Wash thoroughly after
use.
Eye / Face protection: tightly fitting approved safety goggles.
Hand protection: Protective nitrile gloves.
Respiratory protection: P260 Do not breathe dust/fumes/gas/mist/vapour/spray Use self contained breathing
apparatus/air mask meeting SA/NZS 1715 and AS/NZS 1716
Skin Protection: Wear rubber boots, overalls, gloves apron face shield, air mask.
Wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking, going to the toilet

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance: liquid
Odour & Odour threshhold: No data available
PH: No data available
Melting point / range: No data available
Boiling point / range: 112 - 113 °C
Flash point: 28 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation rate: No Data available
Relative density: 1.187 g/cm 3 at 25 °C
Solubility: No data available
Viscosity: No data available
Thermal decomposition: No data available
Other information: No data available

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Incompatible Materials: Alcohols, Bases, exidizing agents, water.
Possible hazardous reactions: Risk of explosion and or toxic gas formations.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Inhalation: LC50 Rat - 4 h - 4.1 mg/L
Acute Oral Toxicity: LD50 Oral Rat - 2465 mg/kg
Skin corrosion: LD50 Dermal Rat - >2000 mg/kg
Serious eye damage: Causes serious eye damage. Risk of blindness!
Germ Cell Mutagenicity: No data available
Carcinogenicity: No data available
Reproductive toxicity: No data available
Specific organ toxicity: May cause respiratory irritation—single exposure

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Avoid contaminating waterways
Acute aquatic hazard: No data available. may cause harmful effect due to pH shift

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Consult State Land Waste Management Authority for disposal.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive Liquid, flammable n.o.s. (Methoxyacetal chloride)
Hazard labels required
ADG7 IATA IMDG
Class 8 8 8
Subsidiary Hazard 3 3 3
UN number 2920 2920 2920
Packing Group II II II

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

product is not subject to any additional regulations or provisions
16. OTHER INFORMATION
Disclaimer
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide.
THe information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with re-
gards to appropriate safety precaution. This information is furnished without warranty and any use of the product not in con-
formance with this material safety data sheet, or in combination with any other product or process, is the responsibility of the
user.

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 Notes
This section provides guidance material for the selection of proper shipping
names with two lists of dangerous goods. It also provides a list of special
provisions for the items indicated. The main Alphabetical List of Dangerous
Goods is readily identifiable by its blue pages.

Selecting a Proper Shipping Name

Items Listed by Name
Where an item is listed by name in the alphabetical list of dangerous goods
the information can be taken direct from this entry.
Subsection 4.1.1

Mixtures or Solutions not Listed by Name

For solutions or mixtures containing one dangerous substance with non-
dangerous substances the words "solution" or "mixture" must be added to the
proper shipping name in the List of Dangerous Goods. This is sufficient unless
the entry states that it is for pure substances only, the class or physical state
changes, or there are changes to emergency procedures. In any of these
events the appropriate n.o.s. entry should be used.
Subsection 4.1.3

Articles Not Restricted

If a solution or mixture appears in the list of dangerous goods but does not meet
the definition of the appropriate class because of its concentration, or a chemical
that could be suspected as being dangerous is not listed in the List of
Dangerous Goods and does not meet the criteria for any of the hazard classes,
then it is not subject to these regulations, and the words "Not Restricted" will
appear on the air waybill to show it has been checked.
Subsections 4.1.3.2 & 4.1.4

Limited Quantities
"Limited Quantity" packing provisions may be used when complying with the
limited quantity packing instruction (“Y” prefix) shown in column G of the list of
dangerous goods, and the gross weight of the package does not exceed 30 kg.
Subsection 4.1.5

Numerical Cross-reference
The numerical cross-reference List of Dangerous Goods lists substances in
order of UN or ID number, and is useful where no proper shipping name is
known. References are made to the page number where the entry can be found
in the alphabetical list of Dangerous Goods.
Subsection 4.3

Using the List of Dangerous Goods

The List of Dangerous Goods is in alphabetical order of the first full word of the
proper shipping name (Column B). Ignore numerals, single letters and chemical
prefixes, ie. alpha, beta, meta, omega, sec, tert when looking for proper shipping
names.

Column A "UN or ID Number"

- UN number if under 8000 (eg UN 1950)
- ID number if 8000 or over (eg ID 8000)

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 Notes
Column B "Name and Description"
BOLD text - is the Proper Shipping Name
Light text - is additional descriptive text
 - Requires the Technical Name(s) in parentheses
(round brackets) after the proper shipping name
† - Additional information in Appendix A (p865–885)
Note: Minor discrepancies, such as the omission of dots and
commas in Proper Shipping Names are not considered errors if
they do not compromise safety.
Subsection 8.1.3 note 3

Column C "Class or Division and Subsidiary Hazard"

- Class or division numbers assigned according to the article's
primary hazard. For Class 1, explosives, the compatibility
group is also shown (an alphabetical character).
- Where a substance has a subsidiary hazard the Class or
division number(s) will appear in round brackets following the
primary hazard.

Column D "Labels"
- Hazard labels to be applied to the package.
- When required the handling labels “Cryogenic liquid”, “Keep
away from heat”, “Magnetized Material” and the
“Environmentally hazardous” mark also appear.

Column E "UN Packing Group"

- UN packing group, (ie. I, II, III), where assigned, according to
the degree of hazard.

Column F "PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT - Excepted Quantity

Code"
- An excepted quantity code that cross references back to Table
2.6.A for EQ maximum quantities per package.

Column G "PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT - Limited Quantity

Packing Instruction"
- Relevant Limited Quantity packing instruction with a “Y” prefix
(ie. Y841), referring to detailed instructions in section 5.
- If the word “Forbidden” is shown, the article or substance must
not be transported under the provisions of Limited Quantities.

Column H "PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT - Maximum Net

Quantity per Limited Quantity Package"
- Shows the maximum net weight or volume permitted in one
package (not in one consignment or aircraft), for the packing
instruction adjacent.
- The weight stated refers to net weight, unless indicated by a
letter "G" which refers to the gross weight of the package,
packed as if for transport.
- If the word “Forbidden” is shown, the article or substance must
not be transported under the provisions of Limited Quantities.
- Where no weight is shown or the words “No Limit” appear, the
applicable Packing Instruction will identify what weight should
be shown on the Shipper’s Declaration.

Column I "PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT - Packing

Instruction"
- Relevant packing instruction number referring to detailed
instructions in section 5 (eg. 850)
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 - If the word “Forbidden” appears, the substance or article Notes
cannot be carried on a passenger aircraft.

Column J "PASSENGER AND CARGO AIRCRAFT - Maximum Net

Quantity per Package"
- Shows the maximum net weight or volume permitted in one
package (not in one consignment or aircraft), for the packing
instruction adjacent.
- Where no weight is shown or the words “No Limit” appear, the
applicable Packing Instruction will identify what weight should
be shown on the Shipper’s Declaration.
- The word “Forbidden” indicates the substance or article cannot
be carried on a passenger aircraft.

Column K "CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY - Packing Instruction"

- Relevant packing instruction number referring to detailed
instructions in section 5.
- Packing instruction to be used for transport on cargo aircraft
only.

Column L "CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY Maximum Net Quantity per

package"
- Shows maximum net weight or volume permitted in one
package (not one consignment or aircraft), for the packing
instruction adjacent.
- The word "Forbidden" indicates the substance or article cannot
be carried on cargo aircraft.

Column M "Special Provisions"

- The letter "A" followed by a number appearing against an entry
in this column indicates additional information or requirements
in section 4.4.
- The special provision applies to all packing groups for the
entry, unless otherwise specified in the special provision.
Note: Government approvals granted under special provisions
"A1" and "A2" are still subject to the approval of the operator(s).

Column N "ERG Code"

- An alpha-numeric Emergency Response Drill code from the
ICAO “Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents
Involving Dangerous Goods”. The codes are applied by the
operator to the Load Notification to Captain and indicate
additional information to be considered in the event of an in-
flight emergency (see p94 & 97-98 of this workbook).
Subsection 4.1.6

Additional IATA Requirements

Entries in subsection 4.2 which are more restrictive than the ICAO Technical
Instruction are identified by the “” symbol.
Subsection 4.1.8
Special Provisions
Special provisions entered in column M of the alphabetical list of dangerous
goods are detailed in subsection 4.4.
Note: Government approvals granted under special provisions "A1" and "A2"
are still subject to the approval of the operator(s).
Subsections 4.1.6.13 & 4.4

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 Note: Where Special Provisions A1, A2, A4, A5, A51, A81, A88, A99, A130, A176, Notes
A190, A191, A201, A202, A211, A212, A224, A225 or A331 have been applied to a
shipment, they must be shown in the Authorizations column on the “Shipper‘s
Declaration for Dangerous Goods.”
Subsections 4.4 & 8.1.6.9.4 Step 9 (a)

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 No major changes

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Changes made to the following Proper shipping names:
- Air, compressed - new special provision number A221
- Articles containing miscellaneous dangerous goods - Miscellaneous label added and
new special provision number A224
- Batteries wet filled with acid - CAO limit added, 400 kg net
- Batteries wet filled with alkali - CAO limited added, 400 kg net
- Butylene - New special provision number added A222
- Cells containing sodium - CAO limited added, 400 kg net
- Cobalt dihydroxide powder - new proper shipping name
- Ethyl bromide - Classification changed to identify it as a primary class 3 flammable liquid
with a subsidiary class 6.1 toxic.
- Extracts aromatic liquid - entry removed.
- Extract flavouring liquid - entry amended to ‘Extracts liquid’
- Life-saving appliances, not self-inflating - new special provision number added A223
- Life-saving appliances, self-inflating - new special provision added A223
- 7-Methoxy-5-methyl-benzothiophen-2-yl) boronic acid - new entry added

 Information added to special provision A1 and A2

 New note added to fire extinguishers special provision A19
 Requirement to add ‘Not Restricted’ to Air Waybill for special provision A61 Asbestos.
 New UN number added to Category A Infectious substances waste - UN 3549 (SP A117)
 Inclusion of the use of formaldehyde for special provision A180 - small specimens not
restricted.

 New special provision A221 - No Oxidizer label required for certain concentrations of
nitrogen and oxygen mixtures.

 New special provision A222 - for butylene mixtures

 New special provision A223 - life saving appliances not subject to the regulations.
 New special provision A224 & A225 - conditions for carriage on PAX and CAO aircraft
regardless of the ‘Forbidden’ in the DG list.

2023 - V1
50
 State and Operator variations list individual country and airline requirements. Notes

NOTE: State variations must be checked for countries or territories TO,

FROM and THROUGH which the DG travels, and also the country of the
operator. Operator variations must be checked for each airline carrying the
dangerous goods.
Remember that the variations listed in each packing instruction should not
be relied upon as the only variations you need to look up – they are simply
a general prompt to check subsection 2.8.

State Variations — Subsections 2.8.1 & 2.8.2 (pg 36-70)

AUG-02 Not all radioactive materials require export permits.
Radionuclides requiring export permits can be found at:

www.arpansa.gov.au/regulation-and-licensing/licensing/import-
export-permits/definition

Operator Variations — Subsections 2.8.3 & 2.8.4 (pg 71-154)

IATA routinely issues addendums to the IATA DGR. The majority of the
addendum comprise additional, or changes to, state and operator variations.
Current IATA Addendums will be posted and maintained on our website at:

https://www.airsafe.com.au/air-links

“Excepted Quantities" are very small quantities, that when transported as

described in subsection 2.6, are exempt from the Packing Instructions and other
marking, labelling, documentation and segregation requirements of the DGR.
Subsection 2.6.1

Dangerous Goods Permitted in Excepted Quantities

Dangerous goods permitted in Excepted Quantities are identified in Section 4.2,
the List of Dangerous Goods, by the codes E1, E2, E3, E4 or E5. The code E0
appearing in column F of section 4.2 means that the substance is not permitted
to be transported as Excepted Quantities. The Excepted Quantity codes are
decoded in Table 2.6.A below.
Subsection 2.6.4

TABLE 2.6.A
Excepted Quantity Codes for Table 4.2 (2.6.4.1)

Maximum net quantity per Maximum net quantity per

EQ Code
inner packaging Outer packaging
E0 Not permitted as Excepted Quantity
E1 30 g / 30 mL 1 kg / 1 L
E2 30 g / 30 mL 500 g / 500 mL
E3 30 g / 30 mL 300 g / 300 mL
E4 1 g / 1 mL 500 g / 500 mL
E5 1 g / 1 mL 300 g / 300 mL

2023 - V1
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 Packing Requirements Notes
Dangerous goods in excepted quantities must be packed in good quality
packagings which will not react dangerously with the contents. There must be:
- inner packagings;
- cushioning material, and absorbent for liquids;
- intermediate packaging; and
- rigid outer packaging.
The completed package must be capable of withstanding the tests specified in
subsection 2.6.6.
Subsection 2.6.5

Different Dangerous Goods Packed Together

Different dangerous goods must not be packed together if they react
dangerously with each other. Where dangerous goods in excepted quantities for
which different codes are assigned are packed together the total quantity per
outer package must not exceed the quantity corresponding to the most restrictive
code.
Subsection 2.6.4.3

Marking
Each package and overpack containing excepted quantities must be marked
with the Excepted Quantity mark shown in Figure 2.6.B. The mark can be
printed in either red or black on a contrasting colour with the minimum
dimensions of 100 x 100 mm.
FIGURE 2.6.B
Excepted Quantity Package Mark

Affix Excepted
Quantities Mark
(label) here

 The primary hazard must be shown in this location

 If not shown elsewhere on the package the name of the consignor or
consignee must be shown in this location.
Subsection 2.6.7
Documentation
A shipper's declaration is not required but the words "Dangerous Goods in
Excepted Quantities", together with an indication of the number of packages,
must appear on the air waybill or con-note.
Subsection 2.6.8

2023 - V1
52
 De Minimus Quantities Notes
DG that can be carried under the Excepted Quantities codes E1, E2, E4 and E5
are not subject to the Regulations under the following conditions:
 Inner packages contain no more than 1mL/1g each;
 Outer packages contain no more than 100 mL/100g total net quantity;
 The provisions of Section 2.6.5 are met with the exception that intermediate
packaging is not required if inner packages are packed in such a way that
they cannot be punctured or leak their contents. For liquids there must be
sufficient absorbent material to absorb the entire contents of the inner
packages.
 The package quality must be capable of meeting the test provisions in 2.6.6.
Subsection 2.6.10

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 Multiple changes to State and operator variations
 3K-08, JK-08, QF-08 Any party who becomes aware of DG that have
travelled on a QANTAS Group aircraft, and are not in compliance with the
DGR, must report it to the operator. (See operator variations)
 A number of operators have added variations with additional restrictions on
UN 3480, UN 3481, un 3090 and UN 3091. These range from requiring a
statement on DGD for UN 3480 indicating that the State of charge is less
than 30% to be included on DGD; to requiring lithium battery marks an all
shipments complying with Section II of PI 967 and 970 for lithium ion and
metal batteries contained in equipment.

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Multiple changes to State and Operator variations

2023 - V1
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 Section five contains information regarding the packing of dangerous goods.
This includes general requirements for all consignments of dangerous goods,
procedures for packing different dangerous goods in one package, a list of
specification packaging and the specific packing instructions referred to in
columns G, I and K of the alphabetical list of dangerous goods.

Shipper’s Responsibilities
The shipper is fully responsible for the packaging of dangerous goods in
accordance with these regulations.

The shipper must:

- comply with the packing requirements;
- use only packaging permitted in the packing instruction;
- ensure quantity limitations are not breached;
- assemble the package in the correct manner;
- ensure the outer package is not contaminated from the filling process.
Subsection 5.0.1.2

The carriage of oxygen cylinders for the purpose of providing life support
(oxygenation of water) for aquatic animals requires approval from the
competent authorities of origin and destination and the operator.
Subsection 5.0.1.8

Package/ Overpack re-use

Not all packages are intended to be re-used. Where a package is being
re-used the shipper must have access to the information required by 6.0.1.4.
This will ensure that the package is authorized for re-use, the conditions of
5.0.2.5 have been met and that the package is being used in accordance with
the manufacturers specifications.
Subsection 5.0.1.4

Overpacks
Restrictions have been added precluding lithium batteries from being in the
same overpack with classes 1 (except 1.4S), 2.1, 3, 4.1 or 5.1
Subsection 5.0.1.5

General Packaging Requirements

Packaging Quality
Packagings must:
- be of good quality and condition;
- be able to withstand normal conditions of air transport;
- meet the design, testing and marking requirements of Section 6;
- be resistant to chemical reaction with the contents; and
- wood, when used, must meet phytosanitary measures.

NOTE: Shippers should select permissible packaging which is appropriate for

the item being transported. Consideration should be given to the fact that the
shipment may require heavy manual handling, eg. single packagings (1A1,
1B1, etc) being manhandled into narrow-bodied aircraft.
Subsections 5.0.2.4 - 5.0.2.6

2023 - V1
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The body and closures must be resistant to the temperatures and vibration Notes
encountered during normal conditions of transport. Closures must be such that it
is easy to check that they are completely closed. Liquid DG packages must
have a secondary means of closure, or a leakproof liner.
Subsection 5.0.2.7

Different Goods in One Outer Package

 Dangerous goods must not be packed in the same outer package (UN
Specification or Ltd Qty) with substances with which they will react dangerously.
 Infectious substances must not be packed with other types of goods in the same
outer package, except for dry ice, which may be used as a refrigerant.
 Inner packagings for each substance must comply with the relevant packing
instruction.
 The package must be prepared and meet the requirements for the substance
with the most restrictive packing group.
 Where different dangerous goods are packed together in the same outer
package, the formula in subsection 5.0.2.11(g) must be used. The Q value must
not exceed the value of 1, and must be shown on the Shipper’s Declaration and
rounded up to the first decimal place.
Subsections 2.7.5 & 5.0.2.11

Inner packages
Inner packages containing liquids must have a secondary means of closure.
Where a secondary means of closure cannot be applied the inner package must
be placed in a leakproof liner before placing in the outer package.
Subsection 5.0.2.7.2

Cushioning material
Inner packages must be cushioned to prevent undue movement which may cause
leakage or breakage. Cushioning or absorbent materials used must not react
dangerously or alter in nature if they come into contact with the contents of the
inner packages.
Subsection 5.0.2.12.1

Outer & Single Packages

Outer packaging must not be likely to generate heat through friction nor vented to
reduce internal pressure, except for Dry Ice or cryogenic liquids. Outer packaging
must also be large enough to be able to affix all labelling and marking.

Inner packaging containing liquids must be packed so that closures are upward,
and the upright position of the inner packages must be indicated by package
orientation labels on the outer packages.
Subsection 5.0.2.13

Empty Packages
Empty, uncleaned packages may contain hazardous residue and therefore must
be treated as dangerous goods. The words “Empty uncleaned”, or “Residue last
contained”, or similar must appear on the shipper's declaration. It is
recommended the wording be placed after the quantity and type of packages
description.

Chemical purging or thorough flushing are deemed acceptable methods to clean

packages.
Subsections 5.0.2.13.5 & 8.1.6.9.2(b)
2023 - V1
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 Plastic Drums, Jerricans & IBCs Notes
Unless otherwise approved by the appropriate national authority, the period of
use permitted must be not more than five years from the date of manufacture,
except where a shorter period has been prescribed because of the nature of
the substance to be transported.
Subsection 5.0.2.15

Limited Quantities
As stated at the beginning of each limited quantity packing instruction, general
packing requirements 5.0.2 - 5.0.4 must be applied with the exception of
5.0.2.3, 5.0.2.5, 5.0.2.11 and 5.0.2.14.2.
Subsection 5.0.3

Limited quantity packagings will not show specification markings, though they
will need to be marked by the shipper with the Limited Quantity mark. They
have their own testing requirements but must however, meet the same
construction criteria as UN specification packaging. The maximum gross
weight per package must be no more than 30 kg.
Subsections 2.7, 5.0.3 & 7.1.4.2

List of UN Specification Packagings

A reference table containing a list of UN specification packagings states
packaging types, descriptions, codes and a cross reference to paragraphs in
which design criteria are detailed. Table 5.0.C now includes a reference to 4N
‘other metal’ boxes that are not steel or aluminium.
Subsection 5.0.7 & Tables 5.0.B & 5.0.C

Format of Packing Instructions

The packing instructions appear in numerical order with limited quantity
packing instructions having a "Y" prefix.

At the beginning of each packing instruction there are prompts to check State
and Operator Variations (subsection 2.8), and the general requirements that
apply. It is also stated which of combination and single packagings are
permitted.

Most packing instructions include tables to indicate the packaging that may be
used. For combination packagings, separate tables show both acceptable
inner and outer packagings by description. Where UN specification codes
appear below package descriptions UN specification packagings must be used.
The tables for inners state the net contents permitted for each type.

Some packing instructions have "Additional Packing Requirements" applicable

to specific articles identified by UN number. These must be read and
implemented carefully

The appropriate authority of the state of origin may approve alternative

packaging, as long as the requirements of section 5.0.6.7 are met.
Subsection 5.0.6

2023 - V1
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 Notes

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 Packing Instructions 965 and 968 - Section II has been removed
from the Packing Instructions for UN 3480, lithium Ion and UN
3090, Lithium metal batteries (that are not in or with equipment).
Therefore these batteries must now travel as fully declared DG with
hazard labels and Shippers Declarations.
The provisions of Section II of Packing Instructions 965 and 968 may
continued to be used until 31 March 2022
 Packing Instructions 966 and 969, for lithium ion and lithium metal
batteries packed with equipment now require the spare batteries to
be packed in the same outer package as the equipment.

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Table 5.0.B List of Packages has had aerosol inner receptacles
removed.
 Note added for Composite IBC’s about the period of use relates to
the plastic inner receptacle date of manufacture.
 Amendments made to packing instruction 137, 200, 214, 219, 220,
378, 492, 621, 870, 955, 966, 967, 969, 970, 972,
 New packing instruction 222 for Articles containing non-flammable,
non-toxic gas. Incorporates small lithium batteries in equipment.
 New packing instruction 975 for Articles containing miscellaneous
dangerous goods.

2023 - V1
57
 Notes
This section outlines the marking requirements for UN packages as well the
design criteria and performance tests for both Specification and Limited Quantity
packaging.

Specification Marks
Tables 5.0.B & 5.0.C in section 5 list all UN specification packaging codes used
for air transport.
Subsection 6.0.3.7 Note

Specification marks indicate that the design of the package bearing them has
been successfully tested and manufactured in accordance with these
regulations. Specification marks are found on outer and single packagings and
must be durable, legible, and of such size and location so as to be readily
visible. Specification marks are not required on inner packagings. UN
specification marks not printed or embossed directly on the package may attract
additional scrutiny from the operator, it is therefore advisable for the shipper to
provide contact details to prevent shipment delays. Handwritten specification
markings are not acceptable.
Subsection 6.0.4

Format of Marks
Combination Packaging
a b c d e f

u
n

g h
(see explanation below)

Single Packaging
a b c d e f

u
n

g h

(see explanation below)

2023 - V1
58
 (a) UN Packing Symbol: certifies that a package complies with design and Notes
test requirements of the United Nations. The symbol may be substituted
with the capital letters "UN" for embossed metal packagings only.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(a)

(b) Packaging Type Code: a code designated to a type of packaging. Special

packaging is discernible by the letter "V" following the package type code -
this also is an acceptable package, e.g. "4GV" may be used under the
same conditions and limitations as "4G". The code “T” following the
package type code indicates salvage packaging.
Subsections 6.0.4.2.1(b) & 6.0.3.6

(c) Packing Group Code: a letter representing the packing groups for which
the design type has been tested.
X for Packing Groups I, II and III
Y for Packing Groups II and III
Z for Packing Group III only
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(c)
(d) Maximum Gross Weight: in kilograms for packages designed and tested
to contain solids; or
Relative Density: for single packages designed to carry liquids, the
relative density for which the design type has been tested, rounded to the
first decimal place. Not usually seen when the relative density can not
exceed 1.2.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(d)
(e) "S": indicating that the package is designed to contain solids or inner
packagings. or
Test Pressure: for single packages designed to carry liquids, the maximum
internal test pressure rounded down to the nearest 10 kPa.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(e)
(f) Year of Manufacture: the last two digits of the year of manufacture.
Packaging types 1H1, 1H2, 3H1 and 3H2 must also be marked with the
month of manufacture though not necessarily in the same place.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(f)
(g) State where Test Done: the state (country) authorising the use of the mark
represented by the sign for motor vehicles in international traffic.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.1(g)
(h) Name of Manufacturer: or code allocated by the appropriate national
authority.
and
Package Identifier: code applied to the package design by the
manufacturer which relates to a test certificate or report. The tests
conditions in the report should be considered when choosing the
appropriate packaging.
Subsections 6.0.4.0.3 & 6.0.4.2.1(h)

A full description of each field in the UN specification markings is given and the
examples for each variation appear in Tables 6.0.C through to 6.0.E.
Subsection 6.0.4.2.2

Reconditioned Package Marks: packages which may undergo a process

which may obliterate the specification markings require the markings to be in a
permanent form e.g. embossed.
Subsection 6.0.5
2023 - V1
59
 Notes
Infectious Substance Package Specification Marks
Packagings used for Packing Instruction 620 must bear UN specification
markings showing the package has been specifically tested for infectious
substances, an example and explanation of which follows:
Subsection 6.5.3.0.1

a b c d

u
n

e f

(a) UN Packaging Symbol.

(b) The package type code. The letters “U” or “W” may follow the package type
code indicating a special package (this will not appear in the PI).
(c) The text "Class 6.2".
(d) Last two digits of the year of manufacture.
(e) State authorizing use of UN symbol (VRI code).
(f) The name or code of the manufacturer allocated by the appropriate national
authority.
Subsection 6.5.3.1.2

UN Packaging Specifications
Inner Packaging (IP) Requirements
The design specifications include information such as the materials of which
the packaging types and their closures must be made, thickness of materials
used, how joins should be secured and general construction standards.
Subsection 6.1

Single, Outer and Composite Packaging Requirements

Similar to the inner packaging requirements, these design specifications
include the materials that must be used, the thickness of those materials, how
seams should be secured and general construction standards. Additional
information on maximum capacity in litres for single packagings and of
maximum net mass in kilograms for outer packagings, are detailed at the end
of each packaging type specification.
Subsection 6.2

UN Packaging Performance Tests

The design type of each UN packaging must be tested by an authorised testing
facility which follows procedures established by the appropriate national
authority. For this testing, details of test types (i.e. drop, leak-proofness and
stacking) are specified.
Subsection 6.3
Test Reports
Test reports outline testing details and state that the package has been
correctly manufactured and has successfully passed the UN testing
requirements. Test reports must be made available to the user of the package.
Subsection 6.3.7

2023 - V1
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 Packaging specifications and test criteria are detailed for gas cylinders, Notes
aerosols and closed deeply refrigerated gases (cryogenic liquid) receptacles.
Subsection 6.4

Due to the nature of the substances there are also separate performance tests
for Infectious Substances packagings.
Subsection 6.5

Limited Quantity Test Criteria

As stated in subsection 5.0.3, limited quantity packagings must meet the same
construction criteria, though not the same testing and marking requirements, as
UN specification packagings.

Limited Quantity Tests

Drop test: A 1.2 metre drop onto a rigid, non-resilient, flat, horizontal surface in
a position likely to cause the most damage; and
Stacking test: A force equivalent to a 3m stack of packages identical to the
one being tested for 24 hours.
After the tests the package must show no signs of damage likely to affect
safety during transport and there must be no leakage from inner packagings.
These tests should be carried out while the package is packed as if for
transport.
Subsection 6.6
Salvage Package Test Criteria
Salvage packagings must be tested and marked in accordance with the
requirements for packing group II packagings intended for the transport of
solids and inner packages, and pass leak-proofness and pressure tests.
Salvage packaging specification markings must be followed by the letter ‘T’.
Subsection 6.7

IBC Construction and Test Criteria Stackable IBC

Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) are only permitted for use with UN 3077 Marking
Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s. The last two figures
of the specification markings represent the maximum stacking test load and
gross weight permitted. There may also be stackable or non-stackable
markings.
Subsection 6.8

Permitted use for IBC and plastic packages is no more than five years from the
date of manufacture. Month and year of manufacture is often show by one or
more date clock like marks.
Subsection 5.0.2.15 Non-Stackable
IBC
Marking

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 No major changes.
21
2023 DGR Section Highlights
 Information added to the general provisions about testing must be
done under QA programs and specific ISO standards.. Manufacture date
indicator marking:
 Testing and standards information for aerosols has been reformatted (Year in the middle
and month around
and expanded. the outside.)

2023 - V1
61
 Notes
This section details the marks and labels that all packages of dangerous goods
must bear, and whereabouts those marks and labels should appear.

Marking
There are two types of marks seen on packages of dangerous goods:
(i) marks which identify the design and specification of a package. These are
seen only on UN specification packagings, or for limited quantity packaging
the Limited Quantity Mark.
(ii) marks about a particular shipment eg. details of contents, consignee,
consignor, etc.
Subsections 7.1.2 & 7.1.4.2

Quality and Specification of Marking

All marks must be readily visible and legible and not covered or obscured by
any attachments to the packaging, label or mark. All marks on a package that
are not relevant to the current shipment must be removed or obliterated.
Subsections 7.1.1 & 7.1.3.1

Packagings containing more than one DG must bear marking and labelling as
required for all dangerous goods contained within the package.
Subsections 7.1.4.6

Package Type Marks

 UN Specification marks, applied by the manufacturer, will appear on UN
Specification packaging.
Subsection 6.0.4.2
 Limited quantity packages must be marked with the Limited Quantities
Mark.
Subsection 7.1.4.2

Package Use Marks

1. Proper Shipping Name(s)
2. UN or ID Number (with UN or ID prefix)
3. Full Names and Addresses of Shipper and Consignee
and: 4. The net quantity or gross weight (as applicable) of the
dangerous goods contained in each package must be marked
adjacent to the proper shipping name and UN number. Where gross
weight is shown, the letter “G” must be included following the unit of
measurement. This mark does not apply to ID 8000 consumer
commodities, or Class 7 radioactive materials. This marking
requirement only applies to consignments packed in more than one
package where packages contain different quantities of dangerous
goods.
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a), (b) & (c)

2023 - V1
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 Additional Class Marking Requirements Notes

CLASS 1 EXPLOSIVES
- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)&(c)
CLASS 2 GASES COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, DISSOLVED
UNDER PRESSURE OR ADSORBED
- Minimum marking requirements
REFRIGERATED LIQUEFIED GASES:
- Minimum marking requirements
- Arrows, or Orientation labels
- "Do Not Drop - Handle With Care"
- "Keep Upright" at 120° intervals
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b),(c)&(f)
CLASS 3 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)&(c)

CLASS 4 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS; SUBSTANCES LIABLE TO

SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION; DANGEROUS WHEN WET
- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)&(c)

CLASS 5 DIVISION 5.1 – OXIDIZING SUBSTANCES

- Minimum marking requirements only
OXYGEN GENERATOR, CHEMICAL (UN 3356)
- Minimum marking requirements
- If being transported in accordance with SP
A144, “Air Crew Protective Breathing
Equipment (smoke hood) in accordance with
Special Provision A144”.
DIVISION 5.2 – ORGANIC PEROXIDES
- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b),(c)&(h)

CLASS 6 DIVISION 6.1 - TOXIC

- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)&(c)

DIVISION 6.2 - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES

CATEGORY A
- Minimum marking requirements
- Name and telephone number of the person
responsible for the shipment.
with Dry Ice - Net weight of the CO2.
DIVISION 6.2 - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
CATEGORY B
- “Biological substances, category B” UN 3373
- UN3373 mark.
with Dry Ice - Net weight of the CO2.
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)(c),(d),(e)&(g)

CLASS 8 CORROSIVES
- Minimum marking requirements only
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b)&©

2023 - V1
63
 Notes
CLASS 9 MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS GOODS
- Minimum marking requirements only

DRY ICE - Net weight of the CO2

ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES

• Unless otherwise specified in the DGR packages
Affix containing UN 3077 and UN 3082 must bear the
EHS mark environmentally hazardous substance mark. This
mark must be printed in black on a contrasting
here
colour and may also appear on packages of DG
containing other UN numbers.
• For UN3077 in IBCs of more than 450L the marks
must appear on two opposite sides.
Subsections 7.1.4.1(a),(b),(c),(d),
(i),7.1.5.3, 7.1.5.4

LITHIUM BATTERY MARK—See workbook page 67

Prohibited Marking
Arrows used for purposes other than indicating orientation must not be displayed on
packages containing liquid dangerous goods.
Subsection 7.1.6

Overpack Marking
An over pack is an outer covering or binding around dangerous goods packages.

All internal markings must be clearly visible or reproduced on

the outside of the overpack.
For overpacks containing UN specification packages, if UN
specification markings are not visible they must NOT be
reproduced.
The word “OVERPACK” in lettering at least 12 mm high must
be written on all overpacks where the marks and labels have
been reproduced.
Where a shipment contains more than one overpack, each
overpack must show an alpha-numeric identification mark and
the total quantity of dangerous goods in that overpack.
Subsection 7.1.7

Labelling
There are two types of labelling seen on packages of dangerous goods:
(i) Hazard labels are required for all dangerous goods, except magnetized
materials;
(ii) Handling labels may be required in addition to hazard labels for some
dangerous goods, or alone in the case of magnetized materials.
Subsection 7.2.2.2

2023 - V1
64
 Hazard Labels Notes
The hazard labels applicable to a substance will be specified in Column D of the
alphabetical list of dangerous goods. The hazard labels must be a minimum size
of 100 x 100 mm, except Class 6.2 which can be 50 x 50 mm. Hazard labels for
cylinders of Class 2 may be reduced in size for display on the non-cylindrical part
(shoulder).
All hazard labels must show class and, for divisions 5.1 and 5.2, division numbers.
Class 1 labels must show class, division and compatibility group.
Subsection 7.2.3.2
Hazard labels must be affixed at a 45º angle (diamond shape) unless the package
dimensions are inadequate.
Subsection 7.2.6.2.5

Lithium Battery hazard label

The Class 9 Lithium Battery hazard label became mandatory
from 01 January 2019 for lithium battery shipments requiring
hazard labels. This label MUST NOT bear text.
Subsections 7.2.2.4, 7.2.3.9 & 7.3.18.2

Handling Labels
MAGNETIZED MATERIAL

This label must be used for magnetized

materials instead of the “Miscellaneous
Affix Dangerous Goods" hazard label.
Magnetized
Material label Column D of section 4.2 will indicate when
this label must be used.
here
Subsections 7.2.3.9.1, 7.2.4.1 & 7.4.1

CRYOGENIC LIQUID

This label must be used on cryogenic liquids in

addition to the non-flammable gas (Division 2.2) Affix
hazard label. Cryogenic
Subsections 7.2.4.3 & 7.4.3 Liquid
The cryogenic liquid handling label is listed in
label here
Column D, Section 4.2 the List of Dangerous Goods
against substances requiring the use of this label.
Subsection 4.1.6.4

2023 - V1
65
 CARGO AIRCRAFT ONLY Notes

This label must be used when dangerous

goods have been packaged in such a
Affix manner that they must travel on cargo
Cargo aircraft only. Where the packaging
Aircraft Only instruction and permitted quantity are the
same for both passenger and cargo
label here aircraft the "Cargo Aircraft Only" label
should not be used.
Subsection
7.2.4.2

When a "Cargo Aircraft Only" label is needed it must be affixed next to the hazard
labels.
Subsection 7.2.6.3

PACKAGE ORIENTATION (THIS WAY UP)

Package orientation labels must be used on

combination packagings and overpacks
containing liquid dangerous goods, except for
radioactive materials, infectious substances of Affix
50mL or less, and inner packages of 120 mL Orientation
or less.
label
There must be two labels, one on each here
opposite side of the package, each indicating
the upright position
Subsections 7.2.4.4, 7.2.6.4, 7.4.4 & 7.4.5

KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT

This label must be used in addition to the

required hazard label on packages and
overpacks containing self reactive substances
in Division 4.1 and organic peroxides in
Affix Division 5.2 (see Special Provision A20). The
keep away label must be placed near to and on the same
from heat package face as the applicable hazard label.
subsection 7.2.4.5 & 7.4.6
label
here Column D of section 4.2 will indicate when this
label must be used.
Subsection 4.1.6.4

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 LITHIUM BATTERY MARK Notes

The air transport lithium battery handling

lmark must be applied to packages of :

- Small Lithium metal and Lithium ion Affix

batteries contained in, or packed with Lithium Battery
equipment, that comply with Section II of Handling
the applicable Packing Instruction.
These do not require shipper’s Mark
declarations (DGD) or hazard labels; sticker
and here
- Small lithium ion and metal batteries,
not contained in or packed with
equipment, that comply with Section IB
of the applicable PI. However these do  Place for UN number(s)
require hazard labels and DGD. Note: Tel number can still be
PI 965, 966, 967, 968, 969 & 970 applied until 31 Dec 2026.
Subsection 7.1.5.5

Affixing Labels
All labels must be securely affixed so that they are completely visible and legible.
Subsection 7.2.6.1

Where the size of the package permits affix hazard labels:

✓ on the same face near the proper shipping name;
✓ next to the shipper or consignee details; and
✓ When subsidiary hazard labels are used they must be secured next to the
primary hazard label.
Subsection 7.2.6.2

If required, the "Cargo Aircraft Only" label must be secured next to hazard label(s).
Subsection 7.2.6.3

When package orientation labels are required there must be a minimum of two,
one attached to each of two opposite sides of the package.
Subsection 7.2.6.4

Marking & Labelling Overpacks

All markings and labelling on the packages, with the exception of UN specification
markings, must be clearly visible or reproduced on the outside of the overpack.
Where markings or labels have been reproduced, or UN specification markings
cannot be seen, the word "OVERPACK" must be applied.

Where there is more than one overpack, each must be marked with an alpha-
numeric code and the total net quantity of dangerous goods in each overpack must
be shown. Where there is more than one UN number in the overpacks, the net
quantity for each substance must be shown next to the corresponding proper
shipping name.
Subsections 7.1.7 & 7.2.7

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 Package Marking and Labelling Example Notes

Mandatory Minimum Markings

1. Proper shipping name
2. UN or ID Number
3. Shipper name & address
Consignee name & address Corrosive liquid, flammable, n.o.s.
4. Quantity if more than one package (Methoxyacetyl chloride)
UN 2920 1.0 L
Labelling
1. Hazard labels From:
a) Primary: with the class number The Downtown Supply Shop
18 Upson Rd
showing in the bottom corner; Kewdale 6105
b) Subsidiary: with class number WESTERN AUSTRALIA

showing; To:
New Frontier Aviation
62 Tanah Merah Coast Rd
2. Handling labels Changi 498738
SINGAPORE
a) “This Way Up” on two
opposite sides of the
package (for liquids only)

Indication of the package’s design specification

For an example of the shipper’s declaration that would accompany this package, see page 72.

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 The lithium battery hazard and handling labels are required for all
shipments of small batteries travelling under UN 3480 and UN 3090
as these must now be packed in compliance with section 1B of
Packing Instructions 965 and 968 respectively.

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 The requirement for emergency information for Deeply Refrigerated
gases has been removed.
 The requirement to have a contact telephone number on the Lithium
Battery Handling mark has been removed. Label can still show the
tel number until 31 Dec 2026.
 Overpack information has been reworded to state “all marks and
labels representative” of the DG’s within.

Note: Whilst the IATA DGR allows for minor variations in label format, provided it does not
impact on safety, recently ground handling agents in some stations have become
very pedantic. The width of the line surrounding hazard labels and a horizontal line
previously seen across the Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods label have
caused problems for some shippers with shipments being rejected.

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 Notes
Section eight of the Dangerous Goods Regulations details the information
required and in what format it should appear on documentation. This includes
the shipper's declaration and the air waybill (or consignment note).

All consignments containing DG require Shipper’s Declarations for Dangerous

Goods (DGD) with the exception of those substances and articles identified
below:

UN Item Reference
Number
n/a Dangerous goods in Excepted Quantities 2.6.8
UN 3164 Articles, pressurised, hydraulic or Articles, pressurised, pneumatic when PI 208(a)
meeting the requirements of Packing Instruction 208 (a).
UN 3373 Biological substances, Category B PI 650
UN 1845 Carbon Dioxide Solid (Dry Ice) refrigerating non dangerous goods PI 954(c)
UN 2807 Magnetized material PI 953
UN 3245 Genetically modified micro-organisms or Genetically modified organisms PI 959
UN 3091 Lithium metal batteries contained in equipment (including lithium alloy PI 970
batteries) when meeting the requirements of Section II of Packing Instruction 970 Section II
UN 3091 Lithium metal batteries packed with equipment (including lithium alloy PI 969
batteries) when meeting the requirements of Section II of Packing Instruction 969 Section II
UN 3481 Lithium Ion batteries contained in equipment (including lithium alloy PI 967
batteries) when meeting the requirements of Section II of Packing Instruction 967 Section II
UN 3481 Lithium Ion batteries packed with equipment (including lithium polymer PI 966
batteries) when meeting the requirements of Section II of Packing Instruction 966 Section II

Radioactive material, excepted packages 10.5.8.2

Subsection 8.0.1.2

With the agreement of the operator the shipper may provide the Shipper’s
Declaration by EDP or EDI however the Declaration must be in the same form
and completed in the same manner as required by section 8.1.7.
Subsection 8.0.2

Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods

Specification for the Declaration Form
The declaration form must be printed and completed in English. The
declaration form must be in the same format as one of the declaration
specimens in subsection 8.1.7 of the DGR with the hatching down the sides of
the page being red.
Subsections 8.1.1.1 & 8.1.1.2

Note: A new DGD has been introduced that has minor formatting changes. The
old format may be used until 31 December 2024

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 Rules for Completing the Declaration Form Notes

NUMBER OF COPIES
Two original declaration forms must be completed and signed unless the
information is provided by EDI or EDP.
Subsection 8.1.2.3

ALTERATIONS AND AMENDMENTS

Any alteration or amendment to a declaration form must be signed by the shipper
in the same signature used to sign the document.
Alterations to entries in the boxes for AIR WAYBILL, AIRPORT OF DEPARTURE
and AIRPORT OF DESTINATION do not need to be signed by the shipper as
these may be inserted or amended by the shipper, his agent, or by the accepting
operator.
Subsections 8.1.2.6 & 8.1.5.1

PROPER SHIPPING NAME

Dangerous goods offered for air transportation must be declared by one of the
"Proper Shipping Names" (PSN) found in bold print in Section 4.2, the List of
Dangerous Goods. The PSN used must be that which most accurately describes
the substance or article. Descriptive text shown in light characters is not part of
the proper shipping name but may be used in conjunction to the PSN.
Subsection 8.1.3

Proper shipping names may appear in singular or plural and, though the entry in
Column B of the Alphabetical List is the preferred sequence, the sequence of
qualifying words used as part of the proper shipping name is optional.
Example: UN 3166 "Engines, internal combustion"
or "Internal combustion engine"
Subsection 8.1.3.5

SIGNATURE
The declaration form must be signed and dated by the shipper or their designated
representative. The signature must not be typewritten unless being sent
electronically, in which case there may be an electronic signature or it may be
replaced by the name in CAPITAL letters. Consolidators, freight forwarders and
IATA cargo agents trained and acting on behalf of the shipper may sign the
Shipper’s Declaration. The title of the signatory is now optional.
Subsections 8.1.4.1 & 8.1.6.13

DATE
The date the declaration was signed. Whilst the preferred format of date is YYYY-
MM-DD, being year-month-day, any format is acceptable provided it cannot be
misunderstood. The title of signatory and place of signing are now optional.
Subsection 8.1.6.14

Completing the Declaration Form

The instructions for completing the ‘Quantity and type of packing’ on the Shipper’s
Declaration for Dangerous Goods is separated into Sequences and the information
in the First Sequence must not be interspersed with other information. An
example of a completed Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods is shown on
page 72 of this workbook.
Subsection 8.1.6

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 First Sequence – Identification Notes
Step 1. UN or ID number preceded by UN or ID prefix (Column A)
Step 2. Proper shipping name (Column B) and technical name as required ()
Step 3. Class or, when assigned, division and, for explosives, compatibility
group.
Step 4. Subsidiary hazard, if assigned, in round brackets
Step 5. Packing Group - When a package must meet a higher packing group
standard as indicated in SP A802, A803 and A804, the packing group
shown in the List of Dangerous Goods DGD must be shown on the
DGD.
Subsection 8.1.6.9.1
Second Sequence – Quantity & Type of Packing
Step 6. Number of package (of the same type and content), and type of
package, using a description consistent with the packing instruction, and:
(a) the net quantity of dangerous goods in each package. Unless the “G”
follows the quantity in the list of DG, in which case gross weight must be
shown followed by “G”.
(b) For empty, uncleaned packages must still be declared. A note has been
added to recommend the words “empty uncleaned” or “residue last
contained”, are placed after the description of packages. E.g. “1 steel drum,
empty uncleaned”. The net quantity need not be displayed.
(c) for dangerous goods in apparatus, or articles, or machinery, the individual
total quantities of dangerous goods in solid, liquid or gaseous state
contained in the article must be displayed
(d) When two or more dangerous goods are packed in the same outer package;
• the words “All packed in one (description of package tyoe); and
• the Q value, as per section 5.0.2.11 must be shown rounded up to one
decimal place; and
• where the maximum quantity in the DG list is “30 kg G” the net quantity
of each dangerous good must be shown and the Gross mass must be
shown after the Q value.
Step 7, Overpack - If an overpack is used enter the words "Overpack Used"
directly after the last entry for the contents of the overpack. Items in an
overpack must be listed first on the shipper’s declaration. Multiple overpacks
shown as “Overpack used x nbr” or listed individually.
Subsection 8.1.6.9.2
Third Sequence – Packing Instructions
The packing instruction number used must be shown.
Subsection 8.1.6.9.3
Fourth Sequence – Authorizations
Only when applied to the shipment, the following special provision numbers
must be included in the Authorizations column of the DGD:
 A1, A2, A4, A5, A51, A81, A88, A99, A130, A176, A190, A191, A201, A202,
A211, A212, A224, A225 and A331.
Other Special Provisions that have been applied by the shipper may be included
in the authorizations column.
Subsection 8.1.6.9.4
The name and telephone number of a responsible person must be included on
the Shipper’s Declaration for Infectious Substances of Category A.
Subsection 8.1.6.11.4

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Example of a completed shipper’s declaration

The Downtown Supply Shop

18 Upson Road 1 1
KEWDALE
WESTERN AUSTRALIA 6105

New Frontier Aviation

62 Tanah Merah Coast Rd
Changi 498738
SINGAPORE

XXXXX
XXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXX

UN Corrosive liquid, flammable, n.o.s. 8 (30 II 20 x fibreboard box x 1.0 L 851

2920 (Methoxyacetyl chloride) Overpack used #1
Total qty = 20.0 L

UN Aerosols Flammable 2.1 20 fibreboard boxes x Y203

1950 10 kg G
Overpack used # 2
Total qty = 200.0 kg G

UN Formaldehyde solution, 3 III 1 x fibreboard box x 1 L Y342

1198 flammable (8)

UN Charges shaped 1.4S 1 x fibreboard box x 4 kg 137

0441 NEQ = 20g

UN Battery wet filled with acid 8 1 x fibreboard box x 40 kg 870 A51

2794

Emergency Contact : +61 8 9321 1635

UN 2794 - is an aircraft battery

Ray Downtown

2023-02-10

For an example of one of the packages containing UN 2920 that would accompany this shipper’s
declaration, see page 68.
2023 - V1
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 Notes
Air waybills accompanying consignments of dangerous goods must show one
of the following statements in the "Handling Information" box:
"Dangerous Goods as per associated Shipper's Declaration";
Or alternatively
"Dangerous Goods as per associated DGD";
and
"Cargo Aircraft Only", or "CAO" if applicable,

The number of packages of dangerous goods must also be included for a

mixed shipment (dangerous goods and general cargo in the same shipment).
Subsections 8.2.1 & 8.2.2

Example of air waybill extract for a mixed shipment

Airport of Flight/Date For Carrier Use Only Flight/Date Amount of INSURANCE: If Carrier offers insurance, and such insurance is requested
Destination Insurance in accordance with conditions on reverse hereof, indicate amount to be
insured in figures in box marked 'Amount of Insurance'

Handling
Information
Dangerous goods
Dangerous Goods asas
perper associated
attached DGD - 1 piece
DGD - 1 piece
Dangerous Goods as per associated DGD—1 piece
No. of kg Rate Class
Gross Chargeable Rate Total Nature and Quantity of Goods
Pieces
Weight lb Commodity Weight Charge (incl. Dimensions or Volume)
RCP
Item No.

4 85.0 K Q 100.0 7.00 700.00 Supplies

For domestic transportation, the air waybill is

sometimes called a consignment note or
con-note. On a con-note the appropriate
dangerous goods statement must be shown
in the “Description of Goods” box.

Supplies
Dangerous Goods as per
associated DGD—1 box

3 Supplies
Dangerous Goods as per
associated DGD - 1 box

When a Shipper’s Declaration is not required

When a Shipper's Declaration is not required, the UN or ID number, proper
shipping name, number of packages, and for Dry Ice the net quantity per
package should appear in the "Nature and Quantity of Goods" box. The order
of appearance of the information is optional however the order as stated is the
preferred sequence.
Subsections 8.2.3 – 8.2.4
Airport of Flight/Date For Carrier Use Only Flight/Date Amount of INSURANCE: If Carrier offers insurance, and s uch ins urance is reques ted
in accordance with conditions on reverse hereof, indicate am ount to be
Destination Insurance
insured in figures in box m arked 'Am ount of Ins urance'

Handling
Information

No. of kg Rate Class

Gross Chargeable Rate Total Nature and Quantity of Goods
Pieces
Weight lb Com modity Weight Charge (incl. Dim ens ions or Volum e)
RCP
Item No.

2 32.0 K N 32.0 10.00 320.00 Frozen Lobster

Frozen lobster
UN 1845
Carbon Dry Ice
dioxide, solid

29 x UN
5 kg1845
2 x 10 kg

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 Excepted Quantities Notes
For dangerous goods in excepted quantities the words "Dangerous Goods in
Excepted Quantities" and the number of packages should appear in the
"Nature and Quantity of Goods" (or description of contents) box on the Air
Waybill or con-note.
Subsection 8.2.5
For substances not meeting the criteria of dangerous goods, but which might
be suspected of being DG, particularly because of the use of GHS pictograms
on packaging, or those not restricted by virtue of a Special Provision (Column
M), the statement, “Not Restricted” and reference to the Special Provision
where applicable must be included on the Air Waybill.
Subsection 8.2.6

Lithium Batteries Not Restricted

For lithium batteries that do not require a shipper’s declaration, according to
Part II of the appropriate Packing Instruction, the Air Waybill must show the
words “Lithium ion batteries”, or “Lithium metal batteries”, as applicable, “in
compliance with Section II of” and the corresponding Packing Instruction
number: “PI 966”, “PI 967”, “PI 969” or “PI 970”.

Airport of Flight/Date For Carrier Use Only Flight/Date Amount of INSURANCE: If Carrier offers insurance, and s uch ins urance is reques ted
in accordance with conditions on reverse hereof, indicate am ount to be
Destination Insurance
insured in figures in box m arked 'Am ount of Ins urance'

Handling
Information

No. of kg Rate Class

Gross Chargeable Rate Total Nature and Quantity of Goods
Pieces
Weight lb Com modity Weight Charge (incl. Dim ens ions or Volum e)
RCP
Item No.

21 25.0
32.0 K N 25.0
32.0 10.00 250.00
320.00 Lithium ion batteries in
Frozen lobster
compliance with
Carbon dioxide, section II of
solid
9 UN 1845
PI 966 - Cargo Aircraft Only
2 x 10 kg

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 As Section II no longer applies to lithium Ion batteries (UN 3480) and lithium metal
batteries (UN 3090), the “in compliance with section II “ statements have been
removed for Packing Instruction 965 and 968

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Several new special provisions, A176, A224 & A225, now require being shown in the
authorisation column if applicable.
 The word ‘attached’ can still be used, instead of the word ’associated’ in the Air Waybill
DG statement until 31 Dec 2024.
 Using the words “Not Restricted” for non-dangerous goods can be supplemented by
other wording such as “non-hazardous”, or “non-dangerous” except if required to be
shown on the AWB in compliance with a special provision.

2023 - V1
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 Notes
Information pertaining to class 7 (Radioactive Materials) is different in format to
other classes because it is based on the IAEA "Regulations for the Safe
Transport of Radioactive Materials". Radioactive material is material that
spontaneously and continuously emits ionizing radiation.

Definition: Any material containing a radionuclide where the activity

concentration and total activity in the consignment exceed the value specified
in Section 10.3.2, excluding:
a) Radioactive Material implanted into a person or animal for medical
diagnosis or treatment.
b) Radioactive Materials in consumer products (with authority approval) after
sale to end user.
c) Natural materials and ores containing naturally occurring radionuclides, not
intended for reprocessing, providing the activity does not exceed 10 times
the values specified in Table 10.3.A.
d) Non-radioactive solid objects with radioactive substances present on any
surfaces not exceeding the limit specified in the definition of
“contamination” in Appendix A “Glossary”.
Subsections 10.0.1.4 & 10.3.1

Radioactive Materials are grouped according to their form and/or characteris-

tics. These include:
Special Form;
Other Form (material that is not in Special Form);
Low Specific Activity (LSA);
Surface Contaminated Object (SCO);
Low dispersible radioactive material;
Fissile.

Although all radioactive material is either in Special form or Other Form it may
meet the definition of more than one of these groups.
Subsection 10.3.3

Special form radioactive material is either an indispersible solid radioactive

material or a sealed capsule containing radioactive material that meet the
requirements of 10.3.4.2. They are in a physical state such that they will not
leak or contaminate other materials and have a competent authority certificate
to prove that they have been tested as such.
Subsection 10.3.4

Units of measurement
Specific activity, which is essentially a measure of quantity, is measured in
becquerels (Bq), though was traditionally measured in curie (Ci). As the
becquerel is so small, larger multiple units are used, eg. Terabecquerel (1 Tbq
= 1012Bq). For becquerel multiplication factors, refer to Appendix B.2.2.3,
page 897 IATA DGR. The radiation dose-equivalent is measured in
"sievert" (Sv), which replaces the old unit the Rem.

2023 - V1
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 Explanatory Information on Packing Radioactive Materials Notes
The packing requirements for radioactive materials vary, dependent on the
radionuclide being transported. Consideration is always given to the type of
radiation, and if the material is not in Special Form, the possibility of leakage.
With packaging designed for fissile material the possibility of criticality is also
considered.
Subsection 10.5.2.1

Types of Packaging
Packaging for Radioactive Materials serves two functions: In addition to
providing containment; it must also provide the shielding of radiation. Therefore
selecting the type of packaging for Radioactive Material depends on the activity
(or quantity), physical state, and the potential for contaminating people and the
environment.
Subsection 10.5.2

The package types used for transporting radioactive material are as follows:

EXCEPTED PACKAGES - Provided that the dose rate at any point of the
external package does not exceed 5 msv/h and the requirements of subsection
10.5.8 have been met, Excepted Packages may be used when the radioactives
are either:
 in small quantities (activities no greater than outlined in Table 10.3.C);
 instruments with activities no greater than shown in Table 10.3.C;
 manufactured articles; or
 empty packages.

Categorization, labelling and a Shipper's Declaration are not required though

the packages must be labelled with the “Radioactive Material, Excepted
Package” handling label. This label is used for air transport only.

Subsections 10.3.11.1, 10.5.8,

10.6.2.1, 10.7.4.4.3 & 10.7.8

Affix Radioactive
Material, Excepted
Packages label
here

INDUSTRIAL PACKAGING - May be used for low specific activity (LSA)

material and surface contaminated objects (SCO) with external dose rates not
exceeding 10 mSv/h at an unshielded distance of 3 m.
Subsections 10.5.9 & 10.6.2.2

TYPE A PACKAGING - Table 10.3.A shows the maximum specific activities

(quantities) that Type A packages may contain. Where the radionuclide is not
included in Table 10.3.A the values in 10.3.B can be used. For greater
activities or quantities the shipper must use Type B(U), Type B(M) or Type C
packages. Type A packaging does not need competent authority approval,
other than for fissile material.
Subsections 10.3.11.4, 10.5.10, & 10.6.2.4

2023 - V1
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 TYPE B(U) and TYPE B(M) PACKAGING - may be used for radioactive Notes
materials limited to:
 for special form, 3000 x A1 or 100 000 x A2 values (whichever is lower);
 for Radioactive Materials in other form, 3000 x A2 value; and
 the package's approval certificate for low dispersible materials.
The approval certificate will identify acceptable radionuclides, physical state(s)
and activity limits.

Note: Type B(U) requires unilateral approval and Type B(M) requires
multilateral approval (see DGR Appendix A for definitions). Type B(M)
packages are forbidden for carriage on a passenger aircraft.
Subsections 10.3.11.6, 10.5.11 & 10.6.2.5

TYPE C PACKAGING - may be used for radioactive materials limited only by

the package's approval certificate. The approval certificate will identify
acceptable radionuclides, physical state(s) and activity limits.
Subsections 10.5.12 & 10.6.2.7

Requirements Before Each Shipment

Before each shipment it must be determined that packages contain only
radionuclides, and in the form or physical and chemical states, for which the
packages are designed.
Subsection 10.5.7.2

The amount of radiation coming off the finished package

is then measured, and a Transport Index assigned.

Transport Index
The transport index is a number assigned to a package, or group of packages,
rounded up to one decimal place. It represents the amount of radiation emitted
from the finished package and, for fissile material, nuclear criticality. Generally
it is based on the maximum dose rate, measured for one hour, at a distance of
one metre from the surface of the completed package. It is used to provide
control over radiation exposure by translating into minimum safe separation
distances for loading and storage.
Subsection 10.5.14

TABLE 10.5.C
Category Determination for Packages, Overpacks and Freight Containers (10.5.15.1)

Categories of Packages (Other Than Excepted Packages), Overpacks and Freight Containers

Maximum Dose rate at any Point on External

Transport index Surface Category

0* Not more than 0.005 mSv/h (0.5 mrem/h) I-White

More than 0 but not more than 1* More than 0.005 mSv/h (0.5 mrem/h) but not more II-Yellow
than 0.5 mSv/h (50 mrem/h)

More than 1 but not more than 10 More than 0.5 mSv/h (50 mrem/h) but not more than III-Yellow
2 mSv/h (200 mrem/h)

More than 10 More than 2 mSv/h (200 mrem/h) but not more than III-Yellow **
10 mSv/h (1000 mrem/h)

* If the measured TI is not greater than 0.05, the value quoted may be zero in accordance with 10.5.14.1.1(c).

** Must be transported under exclusive use and special arrangement except for freight containers (see 10.5.16,10.5.17 and Table 10.9.B).

2023 - V1
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 Using TI for Segregation Notes
Radiation exposure should be kept as low as possible for loading personnel,
passengers and crew. Therefore radioactive materials should be stowed on the
floor of the lower deck or at the far end of the main deck. The TI is used in
Tables 10.9.C & 10.9.D (IATA DGR page 855) to determine minimum separation
distances between packages of radioactive material and aircraft compartments
carrying passengers and crew.
Subsection 10.9.3.7

Package Labelling
The category of Radioactive Material hazard label (I-White, II-Yellow or
III Yellow) is determined by the transport index of the package or overpack.
Subsections 10.5.15 & Table 10.5.C

Affix Affix
I-White II-Yellow
label label
here here

Transport Transport
Index = ____________ Index = ____________

Affix
III-Yellow
label
here

Transport
Index = ____________

For Class 7 materials the spaces on the labels must be completed as follows:
(i) Contents - the name or symbol of the radionuclide;
(ii) Activity - expressed in multiples of becquerels;
and for Categories II-Yellow and III-Yellow:
(iii) Transport Index.
Subsections 10.7.3.3 & 10.7.7.1 to 10.7.7.3

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 Notes

Labelling Fissile Materials

Packages containing fissile material, in addition to
the Radioactive Material Category Hazard label, FISSILE
must bear a Criticality Safety Index label adjacent,
inscribed with the Criticality Safety Index as stated CRITICALITY

on the package design approval certificate.

SAFETY INDEX

7
Subsections 10.7.3.1, 10.7.3.3.4 & 10.7.7.4

Affixing Labels
For radioactive materials all labelling must appear on two opposite sides of the
package unless the package is so small that the labels would overlap, then one
set of labels is sufficient. For freight containers the labelling must be on four
vertical sides of the container.
Subsection 10.7.4.3

One set of labels must appear on the same face of the package as the proper
shipping name, where package size permits, and should be placed next to the
shipper’s or consignee’s address.
Subsection 10.7.4.2

Package Specification Marks

Other than for Radioactive Materials in Excepted Packages, packages intended
to contain radioactive materials will bear package type markings as follows:

For Industrial Packages:

- “TYPE IP-1”, “TYPE IP-2”, “TYPE IP-3” as applicable.
Type IP-2 and Type IP-3 also require:
- code for country of origin of design;
- manufacturers name or code.
Subsection 10.7.1.3.3
For Type A Packages:
- "TYPE A";
- code for country of origin of design;
- manufacturer’s name or code.
Subsection 10.7.1.3.4
For Type B and Type C Packages
- "TYPE B(U)", "TYPE B(M)" or “TYPE C” as
appropriate
- Identification mark allocated by authority;
- Serial number to identify the package;
- Trefoil symbol (embossed or engraved).
Subsections 10.7.1.3.5 & 10.7.1.3.6

Overpacks
Package specification mark may be obscured by an overpack. In this case the
word “overpack” must be displayed instead.
Subsection 10.7.1.4.2

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 Notes

For Fissile Material Packages

For packages containing only fissile materials the package type codes should
contain an “F”, eg. Type: “AF”, “B(U)F”, “B(M)F”, “CF” or “IF”.
Subsection 10.7.1.3.7
Shipment Marks
In addition to markings about the package type, packages containing radioactive
materials will have markings about the specific shipment being sent. They are
as follows:
1. Proper Shipping Name(s);
2. UN Number (with UN prefix);
3. Full Name and Address of Shipper and Consignee;
4. Permissible Gross weight if the gross weight of the package exceeds
50 kg;
5. Where carbon dioxide, solid is used as a refrigerant, the additional
markings in 7.1.4.1(d) are required.
Note: Excepted Packages need not show the Proper Shipping Name but must
show other markings specified above.
Subsections 10.7.1.3.1 & 10.7.1.3.2

Package Marking & Labelling Example

Am-241
385 GBq

1.0

Mandatory Minimum Marks

1. Proper shipping name
2. UN Number
3. Shipper name & address
Consignee name & address Type A
4. Weight if more than 50 kg Radioactive Material, Type A package, special form AUS
Labelling UN 3332 ARPANSA
80kg
1. Hazard labels
From: Radionuclides “R” Us
one on opposite sides of package U1, 8 Zapping Road Package specification
PERTH marks may not be
WESTERN AUSTRALIA 6000
visible if the package
To: The Non-destructive Testing Co has been overpacked
88-90 Argyle Rd
Kowloon
Hong Kong
CHINA

Overpack

For an example of the shipper’s declaration that would accompany this package, see page 85.

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 Notes
Table 10.4.A
RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL PROPER SHIPPING NAMES (10.4.1.1)

UN Number Proper Shipping Name and Description

Excepted Package (10.3.11.1)
UN 2908 Radioactive material, excepted package - empty packaging
UN 2909 Radioactive material, excepted package - articles manufactured from depleted uranium
UN 2909 Radioactive material, excepted package - articles manufactured from natural thorium
UN 2909 Radioactive material, excepted package - articles manufactured from natural uranium
UN 2910 Radioactive material, excepted package - limited quantity of material
UN 2911 Radioactive material, excepted package - articles
UN 2911 Radioactive material, excepted package - instruments
UN 3507 Uranium Hexafluoride, radioactive material, excepted package, less than 0.1kg per package,
non-fissile or fissile excepted. a b

Low Specific Activity (LSA) Material (10.3.11.2)

UN 2912 Radioactive material, low specific activity material (LSA-I), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3321 Radioactive material, low specific activity material (LSA-II), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3322 Radioactive material, low specific activity material (LSA-III), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3324 Radioactive material, low specific activity material (LSA-II), fissile
UN 3325 Radioactive material, low specific activity material (LSA-III), fissile

Surface Contaminated Objects (SCO) (10.3.11.3)

UN 2913 Radioactive material, surface contaminated objects (SCO-I), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 2913 Radioactive material, surface contaminated objects (SCO-II), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 2913 Radioactive material, surface contaminated objects (SCO-III), non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3326 Radioactive material, surface contaminated objects (SCO-I), fissile
UN 3326 Radioactive material, surface contaminated objects (SCO-II), fissile
Type A Package (10.3.11.4)
UN 2915 Radioactive material, Type A package, non-special form, non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3327 Radioactive material, Type A package, fissile, non-special form
UN 3332 Radioactive material, Type A package, Special Form, non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3333 Radioactive material, Type A package, Special Form, fissile

Type B(U) Package (10.3.11.6)

UN 2916 Radioactive material, Type B(U) package, non fissile or fissile- excepted a
UN 3328 Radioactive material, Type B(U) package, fissile
Type B(M) Package (10.3.11.6)
UN 2917 Radioactive material, Type B(M) package, non fissile or fissile- excepted a
UN 3329 Radioactive material, Type B(M) package, fissile
Type C Package (10.3.11.6)
UN 3323 Radioactive material, Type C package, non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3330 Radioactive material, Type C package, fissile
Special Arrangement (10.3.12)
UN 2919 Radioactive material, transported under special arrangement, non fissile or fissile-excepted a
UN 3331 Radioactive material, transported under special arrangement, fissile
Uranium Hexafluoride (10.3.11.5)
UN 2978 Radioactive material Uranium hexafluoride, non fissile or fissile-excepted
UN 2977 Radioactive material, Uranium hexafluoride, Fissile
UN 3507 Uranium Hexafluoride, radioactive material, excepted package, less than 0.1kg per package,
non-fissile or fissile excepted. a b

a
The term “fissile excepted” refers only to material excepted under 10.3.7.2
b
For UN 3507, see also Special Provision A194 and PI 603.
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Documentation Notes

SHIPPER’S DECLARATION
General rules for completing the shipper's declaration are the same as for non-
radioactive shipments.
Subsection 10.8.1

Consolidators, freight forwarders and IATA cargo agents trained and acting on
behalf of the shipper may sign the Shipper’s Declaration.
Subsection 10.8.1.9.1

Completing the Declaration Form

All details on the shipper's declaration must be completed except for the "Air
Waybill Number", "Airport of Departure" and "Airport Destination", which may be
amended or inserted by the shipper, freight forwarder or accepting operator.
Subsection 10.8.2.1

Shipper - Full name and address of the shipper.

Subsection 10.8.3.1
Consignee - Full name and address of the consignee.
Subsection 10.8.3.2
Air Waybill Number - The air waybill number to which declaration will be attached.
Subsection 10.8.3.3
Page...of...Pages - Page number and total number of pages.
Subsection 10.8.3.4
Aircraft Limitations - Delete or omit either "Passenger and Cargo" or
"Cargo Aircraft Only" as applicable.
Subsection 10.8.3.5
Airport of Departure - Full name of the airport or city of departure.
Subsection 10.8.3.6
Airport of Destination - Full name of airport or city of destination.
Subsection 10.8.3.7
Shipment Type - Delete or omit "Non-radioactive".
Subsection 10.8.3.8

Nature and Quantity of Dangerous Goods

First Sequence – Identification
1. UN number preceded by “UN”
2. Proper shipping name (see page 81 of workbook)
3. Class number “7”
4. Subsidiary hazard, if applicable, to follow in brackets
5. Packing Groups assigned for any subsidiary hazard(s), if applicable

Note: The five elements in the first sequence of identification must be

provided in this sequence with no information interspersed except as
provided by the DGR. Primary and subsidiary hazard(s) may be preceded by
the words “class” or “division”.
Subsection 10.8.3.9

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 Second Sequence – Quantity and Type of Packing Notes
6. a) The name or symbol of the radionuclide; and
b) A description of the physical and chemical form, or “Special Form” (not
required for UN 3332 & UN 3333), or “Low Dispersible Material” as
applicable.
7. The number of packages, their type and activity in multiples of becquerels for
each package. For fissile material, the total weight in grams or kilograms
may replace the activity.
For multiple radionuclides in the same outer package the activity for each
radionuclide must be stated and the words “All Packed in One” must follow
the relevant entries.
8. If an overpack is used the wording "Overpack Used" must appear directly
after the last entry for the contents of the overpack.
Multiple overpacks with identical contents must be listed as “overpack Used”
x number of identical overpacks, or listed individually.
Subsection 10.8.3.9.2
Third Sequence - Packing Instructions
9. a) Category of package(s) ie " I-White", "II-Yellow" or "III-Yellow"
b) For Categories II-Yellow and III-Yellow only, indicate the Transport Index
of each package and, where applicable the overpack, and the dimensions
(preferably in the format of (L)ength x (W)idth x (H)eight including
dimensional units) of each package.
c) For fissile material (other than fissile excepted), the Criticality Safety Index.
d) If the shipment is fissile material excepted under subsection 10.3.7.2 then
the words "Fissile Excepted".
Subsection 10.8.3.9.3

Fourth Sequence - Authorizations

10. A list of the identification marks of approval documents issued by a
competent authority, together with a statement that such documents are
attached to the shipper's declaration (see below).
11. The words “Exclusive Use Shipment” if applicable.For LSA-II, LSA-III,
SCO-I and SCO-II, the total activity. Where the A2 value for the radionuclide
is unlimited in Table 10.3.A, a total activity of 0 must be shown.
Subsection 10.8.3.9.4

Approvals & Certificates

SPECIAL FORM RADIOACTIVES
Require: “Special Form Approval Certificate” showing “Unilateral Approval”,
(approval of the competent authority of the state of origin) for the design of the
material.
TYPE B(U) PACKAGING
Require: “Type B Package Design Approval Certificate” showing “Unilateral
Approval”.
TYPE B(M) PACKAGING & SHIPMENT
Require: “Type B(M) Package Design Approval Certificate” showing
“Multilateral Approval”. A shipment approval is also required.

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 TYPE C PACKAGING & SHIPMENT Notes
Require: “Type C Package Design Approval Certificate” showing Unilateral
Approval, except for fissile material and low dispersible solids, in which case
“Multilateral Approval” is required. A shipment certificate is also required.
Subsections 10.5.7.2.2 & 10.10.2
FISSILE MATERIALS
Require: “Multilateral Approval” (approval by the competent authority of the
states of origin and each state through or into which the package is to be
transported)
- “fissile material design/shipment approval certificate” for the package.
Subsections 10.5.7.2.3 & 10.10.2

NOTE: If the shipment is travelling under special approval or the country of

transit and/or destination requires prior authorization you may have additional
approval certificates.
Subsection 10.10.2

Additional Handling Information - Any special handling requirements rele-

vant to the consignment. For radioactive materials covered by a competent
authority certificate this must include any restrictions or operational considera-
tions, and emergency arrangements.
Subsection 10.8.3.11

Name of Signatory - The name of the person signing the declaration. This
may be printed or stamped. Subsection
10.8.3.13

Date - The date the declaration was signed. The preferred format of date is
YYYY-MM-DD, being year-month-day but any format is acceptable provided it
cannot be misunderstood.
Subsection 10.8.3.14

Signature - Signature of the shipper signed by hand. Where EDP or EDI

transmission techniques are accepted by the operator, the signature may be
electronic or replaced by the signatory’s name in capitals.
Subsection 10.8.3.15

The declaration must contain a certification statement or declaration that the

consignment is acceptable for transport and has been properly prepared in
accordance with the Regulations.
Subsection 10.8.3.12

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Example of a completed shipper’s declaration

Radionuclides “R” Us
U1 8 Zapping Road 1 1
WELSHPOOL
WESTERN AUSTRALIA 6106

The Non-Destructive Testing Company

88-90 Argyle Road
Kowloon Hong Kong
CHINA

XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXX

UN Radioactive material, Type A 7 Am-241, special form II- Special

3332 package, special form 1 x Type A package x Yellow Form Cer-
385 GBq tificate
TI=1.0 AUS/
Overpack Used 008/2004
DIMS attached
75 x
70 x
70 cm

Emergency Contact : 0011 61 8 9321 1635

C. Vert

2023/01/05

For an example of the package that would accompany this shipper’s declaration, see page 78.

2023 - V1
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AIR WAYBILL Notes
Air waybills (or con-notes) accompanying radioactive material consignments must
show one of the following statements in the "Handling Information" box:
"Dangerous Goods as per associated Shipper's Declaration";
or
"Dangerous Goods as per associated DGD";
and
"Cargo Aircraft Only", or "CAO", if applicable
For Carrier Use Only INSURANCE: If Carrier offers insurance, and s uch ins urance is reques ted
Airport of Flight/Date Flight/Date Amount of
in accordance with conditions on reverse hereof, indicate am ount to be
Destination Insurance insured in figures in box m arked 'Am ount of Ins urance'

Handling
Information
Dangerous
DangerousGoods
Goods as perattached
as per associated
DGDDGD

No. of kg Rate Class

Gross Chargeable Rate Total Nature and Quantity of Goods
Pieces
Weight lb Com modity Weight Charge (incl. Dim ens ions or Volum e)
RCP
Item No.

1 80.0 k Q 100.0 7.00 700.00 Test equipment

Subsection 10.8.8.1
Excepted packages
For excepted packages of radioactive material a shipper's declaration is not re-
quired. However in the "Nature and Quantity of Goods" box on the Air waybill
(AWB), the UN number, proper shipping name and number of packages are re-
quired. The name and address of the actual shipper and consignee must also ap-
pear somewhere on the AWB.

2022 DGR Section Highlights

No major changes

2023 DGR Section Highlights

 Small change to the wording for dose rate allowed for Excepted
Packages
 Text changes to Documentation completion, Step 6 and Step 13. Clearly
stating how to document Individual radionuclides or mixtures of
radionuclides not appearing in table 10.3.A.

2023 - V1
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 ➔ ➔ ➔ Shipper lodges freight   
 
 


Freight is general Freight is declared
cargo DG shipment
Materials are packaged, Materials are packaged, 
 marked and labeled, and marked and labeled and
accompanied by an AWB/ accompanied by two
con note/manifest. Shipper’s Declarations
Return to
Return to shipper
shipper   for correction
and
Operator performs an re-lodgement
Operator acceptance check
Screens Cargo using a check-sheet
 for undeclared DG (see page 86-87) 
and checks for
appropriate packaging
 

  No mistakes Mistakes Detected
detected Shipment Rejected
Shipment Accepted
Undeclared
DG found NO DG
Shipment found 
Rejected & packaging Transfer required infor-
good quality
and condition mation onto NOTOC
Shipment (see pg 94)
Accepted


 Deliver to aircraft
package, copy of Ship-
per’s Dec & NOTOC

Shipment 
manifested
on flight Pilot sights and signs
NOTOC
Keeps one copy and returns
other for filing

 
Load onto aircraft &
segregate
(see pages 88-92) Keep on file:
 copy of Shipper’s Dec;
 copy of completed check-
 sheet;
 NOTOC, signed by pilot;
Safe Journey!  additional documents as
required by operator’s DG
Manual.

2023 - V1
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 Notes

Section nine contains the operator's responsibilities with regard to the

acceptance, handling and loading of dangerous goods. Further restrictions, in
the form of company policy, on the carriage of dangerous goods may be
contained in an operator’s “Dangerous Goods Manual”. It is important to be
aware of the contents of your operator’s dangerous goods manual and be
familiar with its location in case you need to use it as a source of reference.

An operator must not accept packages, overpacks or ULDs containing

dangerous goods unless they are accompanied by two copies of the “Shipper's
Declaration for Dangerous Goods”, the required information has been provided
in electronic form or, where permitted, alternative documentation.
Subsection 9.1.2.1

Cargo acceptance staff should be on the lookout for undeclared

dangerous goods in general cargo

Whilst the presence of GHS pictograms, many of which look like hazard labels,
may indicate dangerous goods the symbols represent what is hazardous for
supply rather than transport. GHS has different classification criteria than
dangerous goods for transport. Appendix B.4 on page 900 of the IATA DGR.

Seek clarification from the shipper when suspicious about the contents of
air freight or baggage.
Subsection 9.1.1.2

Acceptance Check List

Before a consignment of Dangerous goods is first accepted by an operator it
must be inspected to ensure that all packages are properly marked and labelled
and that they are free from leakage or other indications that their integrity has
been compromised. To achieve this operators must use a check list to accept
dangerous goods. The check list must include all reasonable steps to ensure
that the shipment, and acceptance procedure, are in compliance with the
Regulations. The person who has completed the checklist must be identified.

Minor discrepancies, such as the omission of dots and commas in proper

shipping names, are not considered as errors if they do not compromise safety,
and should not be considered a reason for rejecting a consignment.

When accepting an overpack the checklist need only establish that the
overpack is correctly marked and labelled and not the individual packages
contained therein.
Subsection 9.1.3

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 Using DG Check Lists Notes
1. For all shipments requiring a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous
Goods, a DG Acceptance Checklist must be completed. There are two
checklists, one for radioactive material and one for non-radioactive
material. The checklists are tools designed to assist those accepting
dangerous goods to check shipments against the Regulations to ensure
the shipment is in compliance. For DG Acceptance Checklists see your
operator’s DG Manual.
2. The checklists are used in conjunction with the current edition of the
IATA DGR. Use the appropriate checklist and answer each question by
matching the information on the shipment being checked against the
requirements of the DGR:
 If the information is correct answer “yes”;
 If the information is wrong answer the question “no”;
 If the question is “not applicable” to the shipment being checked then
answer appropriately.
3. All questions on the appropriate checklist must be completed by ticking
yes, no, or not applicable.

➢ If all questions are answered “yes” or “not applicable” the shipment is

accepted as being in accordance with the DGR and OK for carriage.
OR
➢ If any question is answered “no” the shipment is not in compliance
with the DGR, and must not be carried until corrected by the shipper
and re-checked by DG Acceptance personnel. A copy of the checklist
should be given to the shipper.
➢ Where a shipment fails the Dangerous goods check, a copy of the
checklist should also be kept on file by the operator for 3 months.
Subsection 9.1.3.1

Minor discrepancies such as differences in punctuation in proper shipping

names or minor variations in hazard labels which do not affect the obvious
meaning of the label are not considered as errors if they do not compromise
safety. Therefore, these should not be considered a reason for rejecting a
consignment.
Subsection 9.1.3.2

The operator must be able to identify the person who performed the
acceptance check.
Subsection 9.1.3.1, Note 4

For certain items where the Regulations do not require dangerous goods to
have a DGD the complete Acceptance procedure does not apply. Table 9.1.A,
shown on page 88 of this workbook, has been introduced to provide guidance
to airline personnel as to which provisions of the Regulations apply.
Subsection 9.1.3.3

Hold, Accept & Reject tags

Check your operators DG Manual to see if your operator has additional tags to
indicate hold (awaiting checking), OK (to travel), or reject (awaiting shipper
correction).
2023 - V1
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 Notes

2023 - V1
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 Acceptance of Freight Containers and Unit Load Devices Notes
The list of DG that are permitted to be loaded on a ULD when lodged with the
operator has been expanded to include the following:
✓ Radioactive Material;
✓ ID 8000, Consumer commodities; (Dry ice allowed)
✓ UN 1845, dry ice when refrigerating non-dangerous freight or DG as
indicated;
✓ UN 2807, Magnetized Material;
✓ UN 3373, Biological substances category B; (Dry ice allowed)
✓ UN 3245, Genetically modified organisms/microorganisms;
✓ Lithium batteries meeting Section II of Packing Instructions 966, 967, 969 &
970;
✓ UN 3164, Articles Pressurized;
✓ Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities; and
✓ Radioactive Material, Excepted Packages.
Subsection 9.1.4

Where an operator accepts a ULD containing Radioactive Material it must be

ensured that all four sides of the container are correctly labelled. Similarly when a
ULD containing consumer commodities or dry ice is accepted the operator must
affix an identification tag as required by Section 9.3.8.
Subsections 9.1.4.2 & 9.1.4.3

Infectious Substances
Biological materials are time sensitive! Infectious Substances must be transported
by the quickest routing possible. In the case of transhipment, precautions must be
taken to ensure special care, expeditious handling and monitoring of the
substances.
Subsection 9.1.5

Consumer warnings
Where GHS pictograms on a package that does not contain dangerous goods for
transport the words “Not Restricted” should appear on the Air Waybill. The GHS
pictograms can be found in Appendix B.4.
Subsection 9.1.7

Consolidations
Dangerous goods may be consolidated under the following conditions:
a) the dangerous component of the consignment is subject to an acceptance check.
Any delay in accepting the dangerous component may delay the entire
consolidation;
b) dangerous goods transported as a consolidated shipment must meet all of the
requirements of a non-consolidated dangerous goods shipment;
c) the dangerous component of the consolidation must be offered to the operator
separately from the non-dangerous component;
d) a shipper's declaration is required for each dangerous component of a
consolidation.
Subsection 9.1.8
NB: Not all operators accept DG in consolidations so check your operator variations.

Conducting Safety Risk Assessments

Operators should conduct safety risk assessments regarding the transport and
handling of dangerous goods in accordance with their safety management system.
Subsection 9.1.9

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 Storage Notes
Radioactive Materials
Store radioactive material as far as possible from areas where members of the
public have regular access.
Subsection 10.9.2.1
The total sum of criticality safety indices of any group of fissile shipments,
overpacks and freight containers stored together must not exceed 50, and the
minimum distance between two such groups is at least 6 m.
Subsection 10.9.3.5
Where a consignment of radioactive material is undeliverable, instructions for
appropriate action should be sought from the national authority.
Subsection 10.9.2.3

Self-reactive Substances and Organic Peroxides

During the course of transport, packages containing self-reactive substances of
division 4.1 and organic peroxides of division 5.2 must be protected from direct
sunlight and stored away from all sources of heat in a well ventilated area.
Subsections 9.1.6 & 9.2.1

Loading
Except for dangerous goods as permitted in subsections 2.3.2 to 2.3.5
(passenger and crew allowances), 2.5.1 (operator’s property), and excepted
packages of radioactive materials, dangerous goods must not be carried in an
aircraft cabin occupied by passengers or on the flight deck. Dangerous goods
bearing the "Cargo Aircraft Only" label must not travel on a passenger aircraft.
Subsection 9.3.1

Segregation of Dangerous Goods

Packages containing dangerous goods which might react dangerously with
each other must not be stowed in a position that would allow interaction in the
event of leakage. Subsequently classes should be checked against Table
9.3.A below (IATA DGR page 774 DGR) to ascertain whether they require
separation.
Subsection 9.3.2

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 Segregation of Lithium Batteries Notes
Packages and overpacks containing lithium batteries packed in accordance
with sections I and IA of PI 965 and 968 must be sufficiently separated so as
not to allow interaction with Class 1, other than 1.4S, Division 2.1, Class 3,
Division 4.1 or 5.1. The segregation is based on the hazard label affixed to the
package.
sub-section 9.3.2.1.3

Handling and Loading Packages of Dangerous Goods

Liquid dangerous goods must be loaded and stowed and secured in
accordance with package orientation labels and single packages are to be
stowed with closures upright.
Subsection 9.3.3

Packages bearing the "Cargo Aircraft Only" labels must be loaded on a cargo
aircraft in a Class C cargo compartment; or a ULD with a fire suppression
system; or where a crew member or authorized person can access, handle and
separate the packages from other cargo in the event of an emergency or in an
underslung (external) load of a helicopter. Crew may request inspection of the
packages prior to carriage.

The above requirements do not apply to dangerous goods of Class 3, PG III

with no sub-hazard; Class 6; Class 7; and Class 9.
Subsection 9.3.4

Packages must be handled in such a manner that they are not damaged during
loading and unloading and secured so as to prevent movement in flight.
Subsection 9.3.5

Packages must be checked before loading to ensure there are no leaks or

visible damage. If leakage or damage is found then the package must be
removed from the aircraft, access to the package should be restricted, and safe
disposal arranged in accordance with local safety and emergency procedures.
Subsections 9.3.6 & 9.4.4

If an operator finds a label has become lost after acceptance, they must
replace it according to the information given on the Shipper's Declaration.
Subsection 9.3.7

Each unit load device (ULD) containing dangerous goods must bear an
identification tag with red hatching showing the primary and subsidiary
hazard classes or divisions. Subsection 9.3.8

Large freight containers containing radioactive materials must be labelled and

placarded on all four vertical faces with a placard no less than 250mm x
250mm. The appropriate hazard label may be used as a substitute for
placarding providing it is of the minimum dimensions required for placards.
Subsection 10.7.5

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 Magnetized Materials Notes
Magnetized materials can affect navigation equipment and in particular aircraft
compasses. Loading locations should minimize possible effects on compasses
and this may vary depending on the field strength of the material and the type
of aircraft operated. Check the operators DG/Operations manual for
appropriate stowage location for the aircraft operating the sector.
Subsection 9.3.9

Radioactive Materials
Generally the total number of transport indices for a single cargo container or
passenger aircraft must be no greater than 50, for a more detailed breakdown
see Table 10.9.B
Subsection 10.9.3.6.3

Radiation exposure should be kept as low as possible for loading personnel,

passengers and crew. Radioactive materials should be stowed on the floor of
the lower deck or at the far end of the main deck. As a guide-line, Tables
10.9.C & 10.9.D (page 854 of the DGR) give minimum separation distances for
a range of transport indices.
Subsection 10.9.3.7

Loading restrictions for fissile material will be dependent on the Criticality

Safety Index. The total sum of criticality safety indices of any group of fissile
shipments, overpacks and freight containers stored together must not exceed
50, and the minimum distance between two such groups is at least 6 m.
Subsection 10.9.2.2

To calculate the minimum separation distance of one radioactive from another,

the separation distance for the largest transport index would be multiplied by
three.
Tables 10.9.C & 10.9.D
Transport Index = 2.5

0.7 Metres

0.3 Metres 0.3 Metres

2.1 Metres

Transport Index = 0.5 Separation distances for

radioactive material apply
horizontally and vertically
from the closest surface of the
package.

EXAMPLE
A radioactive material with a transport index of 2.5 would require a minimum
separation from passengers and crew of 0.7 metre.
A radioactive material with a transport index of 0.5 would require a minimum
separation from passengers and crew of 0.3 metre.
If the two radioactive materials above were loaded on the same aircraft they
would also need to be separated from each other by a minimum of 2.1 metres
(0.7m x 3).
Subsection 10.9.3.7

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 Dry Ice & Cryogenic Liquids Notes
Arrangements should be made for shipments of dry ice to ensure factors
such as aircraft ventilation and livestock will not be affected. Some
operators impose additional restrictions on certain aircraft types so the
carrier’s operations manual should also be consulted. Dry ice in check-in
baggage must bear a Dry Ice Tag.
Subsections 9.3.10, 9.3.11 & Figure 9.3.B

Live Animals
Live animals should not be loaded close to cryogenic liquids or carbon dioxide,
solid (dry ice). Where necessary live animals should be stowed above packages
of dry ice. As the gas emitted is heavier than air, it concentrates in the lower
level of the hold.
Note: There is an exception where dry ice is packaged with live animals for use
as a coolant. All other requirements for the transport of dry ice must still be met.
For radioactive materials there should be a minimum separation distance of
0.5m for a journey of 24 hours or less, and 1m for a journey of more than 24
hours. Subsections 9.3.13
Whilst the requirement for live animals to be separated from toxic and infectious
substances has been removed, Airsafe strongly recommends separating live
animals from dangerous goods where possible.

Wheelchairs
To assist in the handling of wheelchairs and mobility aids with batteries, Figure
9.3.C shows a label which may be used to help identify whether or not a
wheelchair has had the battery removed.
Subsection 9.3.14 & Figure 9.3.C

Provision of Information
To Pilot-in-Command
The operator must provide the pilot in command and the loading personnel of an
aircraft in which dangerous goods are to be carried with written information
concerning those goods. This information should be presented on a dedicated
form usually known as a “Special Load Notification to Captain” (NOTOC). For
examples see pages 96 and 97 of this workbook.
 For Overpacks - Clarification has been made that the NOTOC must show
information of the packages within an overpack and indicate an overpack has
been used.
 For different DG within one outer package - the piece count should be left
blank and the statement “all packed in one” should immediately follow the
relevant entries.
 Dry ice need only show station of unloading, UN number, proper shipping
name, class and total quantity in each hold.
Table 9.5.A has been introduced to show dangerous goods that are not required
to be included on the NOTOC.
Subsection 9.5.1

Emergency Response Information

The operator must have emergency response information immediately available
at all times, including to flight crew, for use in accidents and incidents involving
dangerous goods. This is usually achieved by including “ICAO emergency
response drill codes” (from column N of the List of Dangerous Goods) on the
NOTOC for emergency response information during flight. See pages 99-100
for Emergency Response in the Air and page 101 for Emergency Response on
the Ground. Subsection 9.5.1.2

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NOTOC - Example One

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NOTOC - Example Two - Simplified

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 Provision of Information to Passengers Notes
The operator must provide information in such a manner that passengers are
warned as to the types of goods that may be carried. These notices must
include visual examples and must be available where tickets are issued,
passengers checked in (including e-check in), aircraft boarding areas and
baggage claim areas.
Subsection 1.4.3 & 9.5.2
Provision of Information at Cargo Acceptance Areas
The operator must ensure that information about the transport of dangerous
goods, including visual examples, is prominently displayed at cargo acceptance
points.
Subsection 9.5.3

Reporting Dangerous Goods Accidents and Incidents

The operator must report DG incidents and accidents to the local Authority as
required by that authority. This includes DG identified as not subject to the
regulations due to a special provision.
In Australia the Competent Authority, CASA (see Appendix D), requires
notification within 48 hours, or two working days, of the incident occurring.

Retention of Documents
The operator must ensure that at least one copy of all documentation associated
with the transport of dangerous goods is retained for a minimum of three
months.
Subsection 9.8
Helicopter Operations
Competent Authorities may give approval for helicopter operators to apply
processes alternate to those specified in the Regulations.
Subsection 9.9

2022 DGR Section Highlights

 No major changes.
2023 DGR Section Highlights
 No major changes.

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 Notes

The ICAO ERG drill codes can be found in column N of the Blue Pages
(Section 4.2 – Alphabetical List) of the IATA DGR, or in an ICAO document
called “Emergency Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving
Dangerous Goods”. A drill code is allocated to each substance, and it gives
the flight crew information about how that substance may affect the operation
of the aircraft in the event of an in-flight emergency. In the ICAO document,
the information is displayed as follows:

List of Dangerous Goods extract

UN Drill
No. Code Proper Shipping Name
————————————————————————————————–———————

1088 3H Acetal
1089 3H Acetaldehyde
1841 9L Acetaldehyde ammonia
2332 3L Acetaldehyde oxime
2789 8F Acetic acid, glacial

Aircraft Emergency Response Drills

1. Complete appropriate aircraft emergency procedures.

2. Consider landing as soon as practicable.
3. Use drill from the chart below.
DRILL INHERENT RISK RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR LEAK FIRE FIGHTING ADDITIONAL
NO. AIRCRAFT OCCUPANTS PROCEDURE PROCEDURE CONSIDERATIONS

1 Explosion may cause Fire and/or As indicated by Use 100% oxygen; All agents according to Possible abrupt loss of
structural failure explosion the drill letter(s) no smoking availability; use standard pressurization
fire procedure

2 Gas, non-flammable, Minimal As indicated by Use 100% oxygen; All agents according to Possible abrupt loss of
pressure may create the drill letter(s) establish and main- availability; use pressurization
hazard in fire tain maximum venti- standard fire procedure
lation for “A”, “i” or
“P” drill letter

3 Flammable liquid or solid Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents according to Possible abrupt loss of
explosion and heat, and as establish and main- availability; no water on pressurization
indicated by the tain maximum venti- “W” drill letter
drill letter(s) lation; no smoking;
minimum electrics

4 Spontaneously Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents according to Possible abrupt loss of
combustible or pyrophor- explosion and heat, and as establish and main- availability; no water on pressurization: mini-
ic when exposed to air indicated by the tain maximum venti- “W” drill letter mum electrics if “F” or
drill letter(s) lation “H” drill letter

5 Oxidizer, may ignite oth- Fire and/or Eye, nose and Use 100% oxygen; All agents according to Possible abrupt loss of
er materials, may ex- explosion, throat irritation; establish and main- availability; no water on pressurization
plode in heat of a fire possible skin damage on tain maximum venti- “W” drill letter
corrosion contact lation
damage

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 DRILL INHERENT RISK RISK TO RISK TO SPILL OR LEAK FIRE FIGHTING ADDITIONAL
NO. AIRCRAFT OCCUPANTS PROCEDURE PROCEDURE CONSIDERATIONS

6 Toxic* , may be fatal if Contamination Acute toxicity, Use 100% oxygen; All agents according Possible abrupt loss
inhaled, ingested, or with toxic effects may be establish and maintain to availability; no of pressurization;
absorbed by skin liquid or solid delayed maximum ventilation; water on “W” drill minimum electrics if
do not touch without letter “F” or “H” drill letter
gloves
7 Radiation from Contamination Exposure to Do not move All agents according Call for a qualified
broken/unshielded with spilled radiation, and packages; avoid to availability person to meet the
packages radioactive personnel contact aircraft
material contamination

8 Corrosive, fumes Possible Eye, nose and Use 100% oxygen; All agents according Possible abrupt loss
disabling if inhaled or corrosion throat irritation; establish and maintain to availability; no of pressurization; min-
in contact with skin damage skin damage on maximum ventilation; water on “W” drill imum electrics if “F” or
contact do not touch without letter “H” drill letter
gloves
9 No general inherent As indicated by As indicated by Use 100% oxygen; All agents according None
risk the drill letter the drill letter establish and maintain to availability.
maximum ventilation if
“A” drill letter

10 Gas, flammable, high Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents according Possible abrupt loss
fire risk if any ignition explosion and heat, and as establish and maintain to availability of pressurization
source present indicated by the maximum ventilation;
drill letter no smoking; minimum
electrics

11 Infectious Substances Contamination Delayed infection Do not touch. All agents according Call for a qualified
may affect humans or with infectious to humans or Minimum recirculation to availability. No person to meet the
animals if inhaled, substances animals and ventilation in water on a “Y” drill aircraft.
ingested or absorbed affected area letter
through the mucous
membrane or an open
wound

12 Fire, heat, smoke, Fire and/or Smoke, fumes Use 100% oxygen; All agents according Possible abrupt loss
toxic and flammable explosion and heat. establish and maintain to availability. Use of pressurization;
vapour maximum ventilation. water if available consider landing
immediately.
DRILL DRILL
LETTER ADDITIONAL RISK LETTER ADDITIONAL RISK

A ANAESTHETIC S SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE OR PYROPHORIC

C CORROSIVE W IF WET GIVES OFF POISONOUS OR FLAMMABLE GAS
E EXPLOSIVE X OXIDIZER
F FLAMMABLE Y DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, THE APPRO-
H HIGHLY IGNITABLE PRIATE NATIONAL AUTHORITY MAY BE REQUIRED TO QUARANTINE
I IRRITANT / TEAR PRODUCING INDIVIDUALS, ANIMALS, CARGO AND THE AIRCRAFT
L OTHER RISK LOW OR NONE Z AIRCRAFT CARGO FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM MAY NOT EXTIN-
GUISH OR CONTAIN THE FIRE; CONSIDER LANDING IMMEDIATELY
M MAGNETIC
N NOXIOUS
P TOXIC* (POISON)

________________
*Toxic has the same meaning as poison.

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 Notes

Inspection on Aircraft (DGR 9.4.1)

Packages or overpacks containing dangerous goods must be inspected for signs of
damage or leakage when loading and unloading an aircraft, or unit load device
(ULD), as applicable. If evidence of leakage is found during loading, do not load.

Detection on Aircraft
If damage or leakage is found during unloading from an aircraft then:
1. The aircraft stowage area must be inspected for damage or
contamination.
2. Notify engineers if damage or contamination found,
3. Check that no other baggage or cargo has been contaminated.
4. If contamination is found appropriate steps must be taken to nullify the
hazard before further transport;
5. Report - must be reported to CASA within 2 working days

On Ground Emergency Response

Consult your operations manual and/or occupational health and safety procedures
now to determine the correct course of action required in your workplace. You need
to know this information in advance. You need to know immediately what to do if an
emergency occurs.

Don’t wait for an emergency!

FIND OUT your company and facility
EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES IN ADVANCE!

Detection of Leakage
1. Evacuate and Isolate immediate area i.e. Restrict access to leaking
package
2. Do not touch spilled dangerous material.
3. Notify emergency responders and chain of command
4. Obtain safety information for clean up (refer to shipper or SDS if
available)
5. Seek professional medical advice if in contact with material.
6. refer to Company procedure re storage and disposal.
7. Report

Detection of Fire
1. Raise alarm
2. Evacuate area
3. Notify, and follow directives of, facility Fire Warden/ Emergency
responders.
4. Stay clear of smoke and fumes.
5. Try to stop fire reaching dangerous goods only if it can be done without
risk.
6. Report

In short:

EVACUATE, ISOLATE and REPORT

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 Some of the common symbols and abbreviations from Appendix B, pages 887-894
IATA DGR:

Appendix B.2.1& B.2.2

n.o.s. Not otherwise specified, eg. “Corrosive liquid, n.o.s.”
† There is a definition for this substance or article in Appendix A – Glossary
(This symbol is not included in the proper shipping name)
 The technical or chemical name is required to be shown in round
brackets, after the proper shipping name – no trade or brand names to
be used (this symbol is not included in the proper shipping name)
 Whatever this is pointing to is more restrictive than what is shown in the
ICAO Technical Instructions
 New item
 Changed item
 Deleted item
< Less than ≤ Less than or equal to
> Greater than ≥ Greater than or equal to

An example of how to use Appendix B.2.2.3

To convert becquerels (Class 7), eg. GBq to TBq, move the decimal point three
spots to the left, eg.
2,000 GBq = 2.0 TBq

For IATA Cargo IMP codes (airline use only), see B.2.2.4, p 889 & 890.

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2023 - V1
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 The Airsafe Team

2023, International Air Transport Association, “Dangerous Goods

Regulations, 64th Edition”, IATA, Canada.

2023-2024, International Civil Aviation Organization, “Technical

Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air”,
ICAO, Canada.

1988, Civil Aviation Act, November 2016, Australian Federal

Government, Canberra, Australia.

1998, Civil Aviation Safety Regulations, September 2018, Australia

Federal Government, Canberra, Australia.

2021, “The Australian and New Zealand Emergency Response

Guidebook” (ANZ-ERG2021), National Transport Commission,
2021.

2023-2024, International Civil Aviation Organization, “Emergency

Response Guidance for Aircraft Incidents Involving Dangerous
Goods”, ICAO Document 9481, ICAO, Canada

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