In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

P.E.S

(TABLE TENNIS)

Submitted by:

Group Leader: Hapas, Bebilyn K.

Members: Astig, Marshela A.

Anwar, Aisa H.

Abukasim, Fatima Ayesza S.

Akmad, Fraisa A.

Mahamod, Jernalyn J.

Submitted to: Daniel John J. Mukammali

Table tennis equipment
As per the official rules of table tennis, the game is played on a 2.74 x 1.53-metre rectangular table
made of fibrewood and is split into two halves.

The table is coated with dark and glossy paint, giving it a matte finish. A two centimetre-thick line runs
over the border of the table, marking the playing surface.

The table is divided into two halves by a net that's suspended using two poles attached to the table. The
table tennis net stands at a height of 15.25 centimetres.

Table tennis racquet

The bat, commonly referred to as a ‘racquet’ or ‘paddle’, is approximately 17cms long and 15cms wide,
made primarily of wood. It has a rubber surface on either side - black and red - that help the players in
applying and negating the spin on the ball.

Table tennis ball

The ball, usually orange or white, weighs about 2.7 grams and is spherical with a diameter of 40
millimetres as per rules and regulations.

How to play table tennis

Table tennis serves and service rules

A table tennis match begins with the umpire conducting a coin-toss. The winner has the options to serve
the ball first, receive it, or choose the side of the table they’d like to play from.

The server has to hold the ball with an open palm, toss it up and strike it in a manner that the ball
bounces first on the server’s side of the table before bouncing over the net to the other side.

The receiver, however, can return it by hitting it over the net and into the opponent’s half of the table. If
the player attempts to return the ball before it bounces, a foul is called.
In singles competition, while the service rule allows the server to serve to any part of the table on the
opposite end, in doubles, the service has to travel diagonally across the table. Here, the serving player
plays from the right side of the table.

How table tennis points are scored

The aim in table tennis is to strike the ball in a manner that the opponent fails to make contact with the
ball, which earns the player a point. This can either be by sheer power, spin or other deceptive means.

However, if the ball hits the net and it fails to bounce over into the opponent’s half, or hits it over the
net and out of bounds without coming into contact with the table, the opponent gets a point.

In doubles, the rule gets a bit more tricky. Here, the server and the partner have to alternate while
attempting to push the ball on to the opponent’s side of the table. Here the service alternates as well.

The opponent can also be awarded a point if you hit the ball outside the playing surface or if the ball
comes in contact with any part of your body while attempting a shot.

How to win in table tennis

According to the laws of table tennis, a player can win a game of table tennis by scoring 11 points - with
one point awarded for every infringement. Every player gets to serve twice in a row. The first to 11
points is declared the winner.

If the points are tied at 10-10, a player then has to strive for a two-point lead to win the game.

A match is won by winning games. The number of games per match varies across competitions and
categories.

While singles matches are usually a best-of-seven event, doubles are a best-of-five affair.

Table tennis shots

By changing pace and angle, players can extend their range and variation of shots. This helps improve
their game significantly.

Some of the widely used shots are as follows.

Table tennis racquet

The bat, commonly referred to as a ‘racquet’ or ‘paddle’, is approximately 17cms long and 15cms wide,
made primarily of wood. It has a rubber surface on either side - black and red - that help the players in
applying and negating the spin on the ball.

Table tennis ball

The ball, usually orange or white, weighs about 2.7 grams and is spherical with a diameter of 40
millimetres as per rules and regulations.

How to play table tennis

Table tennis serves and service rules

A table tennis match begins with the umpire conducting a coin-toss. The winner has the options to serve
the ball first, receive it, or choose the side of the table they’d like to play from.

The server has to hold the ball with an open palm, toss it up and strike it in a manner that the ball
bounces first on the server’s side of the table before bouncing over the net to the other side.

Play

Duration Time1:46

The receiver, however, can return it by hitting it over the net and into the opponent’s half of the table. If
the player attempts to return the ball before it bounces, a foul is called.

In singles competition, while the service rule allows the server to serve to any part of the table on the
opposite end, in doubles, the service has to travel diagonally across the table. Here, the serving player
plays from the right side of the table.

How table tennis points are scored

The aim in table tennis is to strike the ball in a manner that the opponent fails to make contact with the
ball, which earns the player a point. This can either be by sheer power, spin or other deceptive means.

However, if the ball hits the net and it fails to bounce over into the opponent’s half, or hits it over the
net and out of bounds without coming into contact with the table, the opponent gets a point.

In doubles, the rule gets a bit more tricky. Here, the server and the partner have to alternate while
attempting to push the ball on to the opponent’s side of the table. Here the service alternates as well.

The opponent can also be awarded a point if you hit the ball outside the playing surface or if the ball
comes in contact with any part of your body while attempting a shot.

How to win in table tennis

According to the laws of table tennis, a player can win a game of table tennis by scoring 11 points - with
one point awarded for every infringement. Every player gets to serve twice in a row. The first to 11
points is declared the winner.

If the points are tied at 10-10, a player then has to strive for a two-point lead to win the game.

A match is won by winning games. The number of games per match varies across competitions and
categories.

While singles matches are usually a best-of-seven event, doubles are a best-of-five affair.

Table tennis shots

By changing pace and angle, players can extend their range and variation of shots. This helps improve
their game significantly.

Some of the widely used shots are as follows.

Topspin

It’s one of the commonly used attacking shots in the game. Here, the player glides the bottom side of
the paddle, while holding it in a 45-degree angle, over the ball to push it ahead. The ball spins after
bouncing, making it relatively difficult for the opponent to execute a timely return.

Block
It’s one of the first shots that a table tennis player is taught while being introduced to the game.
Standing square of the table, the player holds the paddle with an open face, returning the ball using the
paddle side facing the table.

Chop

It’s a defensive shot that many players resort to when trying to negotiate spin. Staying away from the
table, here, the player uses the top side of the paddle, pushing it downwards at a 45-degree angle while
making contact with the bottom half of the ball.

A chop can be played with both forehand and backhand, depending on the player’s position while
receiving the ball.

SUMMARY

Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff-whaff, is a racket sport derived from tennis
but distinguished by its playing surface being atop a stationary table, rather than the court on
which players stand. Either individually or in teams of two, players take alternating turns
returning a light, hollow ball over the table's net onto the opposing half of the court using small
rackets until they fail to do so, which results in a point for the opponent. Play is fast, requiring
quick reaction and constant attention, and is characterized by an emphasis on spin relative to
other ball sports, which can heavily affect the ball's trajectory.
Owed to its small minimum playing area, its ability to be played indoors in all climates, and
relative accessibility of equipment, table tennis is enjoyed worldwide not just as a competitive
sport, but as a common recreational pastime among players of all levels and ages.
Table tennis has been an Olympic sport since 1988,[3] with event categories in both men's and
women's singles, and men's and women's teams since replacing doubles in 2008.
Table tennis is governed by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), founded in 1926,
and specifies the official rules in the ITTF handbook.[4] ITTF currently includes 226 member
associations worldwide.[5]
Table tennis made its way to the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul and has since been a fixture in the
quadrennial event. Here are the official rules of table tennis.
A sport of intense speed and jaw-dropping precision, table tennis is one of the most exciting sporting
spectacles.
Originally a leisure activity for the upper-class in Victorian-era England, the sport was initially called ping
pong before being renamed to table tennis in 1922. In its early days, the sport was largely played and
dominated by Europeans, especially the Hungarians.

However, table tennis became widely popular in Asia after finding its way to the continent in the 1950s,
which has since been a breeding ground for some of the best players in the world.

Just eight years after hosting its first World Cup in China, table tennis featured at the 1988 Summer
Olympics in Seoul and has since been a fixture at the Games.

RECOMMENDATION

Table tennis (TT) is the second most popular racket sport globally and was the sixth most widely played
Olympic sport in 2005. It is an indoor racket sport requiring a mixture of power, agility, alertness and
fast reactions. Players need to move quickly around a table to receive the ball and produce powerful
returns. New rules such as increased ball size and a change in ball material have changed the ball's
trajectory, increasing the overall duration and intensity of game play. Scientific research on TT is growing
but there has been no systematic review of nutrition for the sport. This review provides nutritional
recommendations for TT athletes based on the physiological demands of TT, including energy
expenditure during training and competitions, and the main metabolic pathways of TT. Guidelines on
the daily intakes of carbohydrate, protein and fat are discussed in addition to hydration strategies.
Micronutrients of concern for TT athletes include iron, magnesium and vitamin D and their
recommended intakes are also provided. The timing and dose of ergogenic aids that may improve TT
performance such as caffeine, creatine, lutein and zeaxanthin and beta-alanine are reviewed. Specific
nutritional strategies for intakes leading up to competitions, post training and competition recovery and
nutritional strategies for travel are also addressed.

Table tennis is a low-risk game, compared to other popular sports like soccer,basketball, wrestling, or running.
There is less likelihood of injuries because table tennis does not put a lot of strain on your joints. Instead, it
strengthens your core, arms and legs. This makes it an ideal game that offers physical therapy to individuals who
have twisted their ankles, players who have issues with their back and wrists, and people who have had knee
surgery. Since in most cases you can play table tennis irrespective of your fitness level, it is also a great option for
the elderly.

After reading about all the table tennis health benefits you are missing out on, you are likely
wondering why you have been waiting for so long before starting or resuming playing. If budget
is your issue, there are cost-effective paddles such as Butterfly Lin Yun-Ju CF-1 which provides
a good spin and allows you a greater degree of control. If you intend to compete professionally in
the future, look for a tennis table that meets the official size approved by the International Table
Tennis Federation (ITTF). The benefits of table tennis cover almost every area of life. You can
use it socially to bond with anyone, emotionally for a welcome distraction and adrenaline rush,
physically to stay fit and toned and to improve reflexes and balance, and mentally to develop
strategic thinking, alertness, cognitive awareness and memory retention. Conclusion