Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 20 views

    Pages From FRA 5310-2 - Theo CIGRE

    Uploaded by

    vũ trần
    This document provides information about interpreting frequency response curves of transformers. It discusses that the CIGRE WG A2.26 paper should be used as guidance. It also describes that the power transformer equivalent circuit is made up of distributed resistive, capacitive and inductive elements that define the frequency response. Open circuit and short circuit measurements target different parts of the transformer and their frequency responses can provide information about the transformer's condition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Pages From FRA 5310-2 - Theo CIGRE

    Uploaded by

    vũ trần
    20 views1 page
    This document provides information about interpreting frequency response curves of transformers. It discusses that the CIGRE WG A2.26 paper should be used as guidance. It also describes that the power transformer equivalent circuit is made up of distributed resistive, capacitive and inductive elements that define the frequency response. Open circuit and short circuit measurements target different parts of the transformer and their frequency responses can provide information about the transformer's condition.

    Original Title

    Pages from FRA 5310-2_theo CIGRE

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides information about interpreting frequency response curves of transformers. It discusses that the CIGRE WG A2.26 paper should be used as guidance. It also describes that the power transformer equivalent circuit is made up of distributed resistive, capacitive and inductive elements that define the frequency response. Open circuit and short circuit measurements target different parts of the transformer and their frequency responses can provide information about the transformer's condition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views1 page

    Pages From FRA 5310-2 - Theo CIGRE

    Uploaded by

    vũ trần
    This document provides information about interpreting frequency response curves of transformers. It discusses that the CIGRE WG A2.26 paper should be used as guidance. It also describes that the power transformer equivalent circuit is made up of distributed resistive, capacitive and inductive elements that define the frequency response. Open circuit and short circuit measurements target different parts of the transformer and their frequency responses can provide information about the transformer's condition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 1

    12 Appendix

    12.1 Interpretation
    This chapter contains information regarding interpretation of the frequency response curves.

    12.1.1 General
    For interpretation of curve behaviour (changes in amplitude, resonance peaks, overall appearance, etc) we refer also to the CIGRE WG A2.26 paper (
    Frequency Response Analysis for detecting transformer winding movements). That paper shall become the guidance document for the industry to interpret
    FRA measurements.

    12.1.2 Introduction
    The power transformer equivalent circuit is a complex network of distributed resistive, capacitive and inductive elements including :

    Capacitance between the neighbouring turns of the same winding, between the turns of different windings and between the turns. and the ground.

    Turns self-inductance and turns mutual inductance.

    Conductor dc resistance, resistance that accounts for dielectric losses in insulation and resistance that accounts for eddy losses in conducting and magnetic
    components.

    Depending on the test connection, the equivalent circuit involved in the measurement represents an individual phase of the winding, the space between
    phases in a given winding or the space between the windings. Size of the conductors, diameters of the coils, distance between the coils, distance between
    the windings, number of turns, type of the core, winding configuration, type and thickness of insulation, geometry and size of supporting material are among
    the factors that define the elements of the equivalent circuit.
    Furthermore, each element is specific to the transformer design and even influenced by the ability of the manufacturer to replicate the transformers of the
    same design. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between the geometry of core-winding configuration and the network of distributed resistive, capacitive
    and inductive elements.

    The signature that represents the change of the network impedance with frequency uniquely describes the geometry of the core-winding configuration for a
    given transformer.
    The ratio of the output and input signals (network impedance), is often referred to as the transfer function.
    The frequency response analysis uses the transfer function behaviour over the specified range of frequencies as the transformer diagnostic signature
    (fingerprint). The transfer function is described by the magnitude and the phase angle.

    Interpretation of frequency ranges are discussed on two basic measuring circuits:


    Open Circuit Measurement and Short Circuit Measurement.

    Open Circuit Measurement


    The open circuit measurement targets the individual phase of a given winding. At low frequencies, the influence of capacitance is negligible and the winding
    behaves as an inductor. Therefore, the attenuation (described by the magnitude of the transfer function) and the phase shift (described by the phase of the
    transfer function) of the low-frequency sinusoidal signals, passing through the winding, are determined by inductive and resistive nature of the network.

    The magnetic circuit of the core determines the inductive characteristics and the resistive characteristics are dominated by the resistance of the winding and
    the receiver impedance.
    An example of transfer function magnitude and phase for a open circuit (3 phase) measurement is shown in Magnitude plot and Phase plot.
    In Phase plot the phase angle goes down to -60 degrees, indicating the resistive part moving towards the inductive nature of the total impedance (in the
    region up to 500kHz).

    For a three-legged core-type unit, the magnetic flux coupled with the outer phase faces a different reluctance than the flux coupled with the middle phase.
    Therefore, the corresponding magnitude traces, in the low frequency range, differ as well. The traces for the two outer phases correlate very closely and are
    shifted from the middle-phase trace.

    The presence of the residual magnetism may also have an effect on relationship between the traces. This is the same phenomenon that, during exciting
    current and loss measurement, creates a pattern of two high similar and one lower reading under normal conditions and a slightly distorted pattern in the
    presence of residual magnetism.

    54 Appendix

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy