Control Systems

Answer any THREE questions from this section

1. (a) A second order control system is subjected to a unit-step input. Draw its response curve, hence
define each of the following:
(i) Delay time;

(ii) Peak overshoot;

(iii) Settling time. (7 marks)

(b) A Servomechanism is represented by the equation
2
d θ0 dθ 0
+2 +4 θ0 =4 θi
dt
2 dt
Determine the:
(i) Undamped frequency;
(ii) Damping ratio;
(iii) Percentage overshoot. (8 marks)

3. (a) State two advantages of open loop over closed loop control systems. (2 marks)

(b) Figure 1. Shows a block diagram of multi-input control system. Derive the expression for the
output C.
 (13 marks)

C
(c) Figure 2 Shows a signal flow graph. Obtain its transfer function, R . (5 marks)

Figure.4:

4. (a) Define the following terms with respect to signal flow diagrams:

(i) Loop;

(ii) Sink;

(iii) Forward path.

(b) Figure 5.Shows a remote position-control system. Derive its differential equation.

(7 marks)
6. (a) (i) Distinguish between open-loop and closed loop control system.

(ii) Explain the following as used in control systems:

(I) Plant;

(II) Actuating signal. (4 marks)

(c) A second order control system is subjected to a unit step input. Draw it’s response curve,
hence define the following terms:

(I) Delay time;

(II) Settling time;

(III) Maximum overshoot.

7. (b) A System for servomechanism is represented by the equation:

2
d θ0 dθ 0
+2 +4 θ0 =4 θi
dt
2 dt

Determine the:
 (τ )
(i) System time constant ;

ωd
(ii) Damping frequency ( ). (11 marks)

8. (a) Figure 2 Shows the block diagram of a single-input control system.

(i) Draw the signal flow graph.

(ii) Using Maison’s gain formula determine the closed loop transfer function.

6. (a) Figure 1 shows a signal flow graph for a control system:

(i) Draw its equivalent block diagram;

 (ii) Obtain the transfer function using block diagram reduction rules. (10 marks)

Fig.1:

(b) The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback second order control system is given
25
G( S )=
by S( S+5 )

(i) Derive an expression for the characteristic equation;

(ii) Determine:

(I) Damping factor;

(II) Maximum overshoot;

(III) Peak time. (10 marks)

6. (a) Define the following:

(i) Settling time;

 (ii) Delay time;

(iii) Peak time. (3 marks)

(b) Draw a 2nd order systems response curve showing the following:

(i) Overshoot;

(ii) Rise time;

(iii) Peak time. (7 marks)

(c) A unity negative feedback control system has a forward transfer function:

K
G( S )=
(S +a1 )(S +a 2 )

(i) Draw the block diagram of the system;

(ii) Determine the closed loop transfer function. (6 marks)

7. (b) The open loop transfer function of a control system is given by:

K
G( S )=
S( S+ 4 )( S 2 + S+1 )

The system has unity feedback. Determine the characteristic equation. (4 marks)

(c) A second order system is described by the differential equation:

2
d θ0 dθ0
3 +6 =12 E
dt
2 dt Where
E=(θi −θ0 ) .

Determine the:

(i) Undamped natural frequency;

(ii) Damping factor;

(iii) Percentage overshoot;

 (iv) Time taken to reach the overshoot. (8 marks)

(c) Figure 3 shows a signal flow graph of a control system. Using Mason’s gain formula
determines the closed loop transfer function. (8 marks)

(d) Highlight three characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier (OP-AMP) (3 marks)

6. (a) Define each of the following with respect to control systems:

(i) Control action;

(ii) Feedback;

(iii) Disturbance. (3 marks)

 (b) Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a control system.

Fig.3

(i) Draw a signal flow graph for the block diagram.

(ii) Use Mason’s gain formula to determine the transfer function. (14 marks)

7. (b) Outline the procedure for obtaining the Bode plot of a given transfer function. (5 marks)

OCT/NOV 2018

6. (a) Define the following with respect to control systems:

(i) Control;

(ii) Transfer function; (2 marks)

(b) State three merits of an open-loop control system. (3 marks)

(c) Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a control system. Using block diagram reduction
technique, determine the transfer function of the system. (7 marks)

Fig.3

(d) Figure 4 shows a signal flow graph of a control system. Determine the transfer function.
 Fig.4

7. (b) Draw the response curves of the following test signals:

(i) Unit step;

(ii) Unit impulse. (4 marks)

(c)
ω
A second order system with damping ratio ξ of 0.5 and angular frequency n of 6
rad/sec is subjected to a unit step input. Determine the:

(i) Rise time;

(ii) Peak time;

(iii) Settling time;

(iv) Peak overshoot. (8 marks)

JUNE/JULY 2018

6. (a) Outline two merits of a closed loop control system. (2 marks)

(b) Describe the following methods of damping with respect to sinusoidal system
response:

(i) Error rate damping;

(ii) Viscous damping; (4 marks)

(c) A motor speed control system consists of an amplifier-relay with a transfer

function of 400 rev/min per volt and a negative feedback measurement element
with transfer function of 3mV per rev/min.

(i) Draw the block diagram fort the system.

(ii) Determine the overall transfer function for the system. (6 marks)
(d) Figure 1 shows a signal flow graph for a control system. Determine the overall
system transfer function using Mason’s formula. (8 marks)