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    CH 12 Sci. Class 10

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    vishwas lather
    1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge through a continuous closed path called an electric circuit. The amount of charge flowing through a particular area per unit time is known as electric current. 2. Current is directly proportional to the rate of flow of electric charge. The direction of electric current is taken to be the direction of flow of electrons in the circuit. 3. The standard unit of electric current is the Ampere, which is equal to one coulomb of charge passing through an area in one second. Current can be measured using an instrument called an ammeter.

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    CH 12 Sci. Class 10

    Uploaded by

    vishwas lather
    24 views3 pages
    1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge through a continuous closed path called an electric circuit. The amount of charge flowing through a particular area per unit time is known as electric current. 2. Current is directly proportional to the rate of flow of electric charge. The direction of electric current is taken to be the direction of flow of electrons in the circuit. 3. The standard unit of electric current is the Ampere, which is equal to one coulomb of charge passing through an area in one second. Current can be measured using an instrument called an ammeter.

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    1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge through a continuous closed path called an electric circuit. The amount of charge flowing through a particular area per unit time is known as electric current. 2. Current is directly proportional to the rate of flow of electric charge. The direction of electric current is taken to be the direction of flow of electrons in the circuit. 3. The standard unit of electric current is the Ampere, which is equal to one coulomb of charge passing through an area in one second. Current can be measured using an instrument called an ammeter.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    24 views3 pages

    CH 12 Sci. Class 10

    Uploaded by

    vishwas lather
    1. Electricity is the flow of electric charge through a continuous closed path called an electric circuit. The amount of charge flowing through a particular area per unit time is known as electric current. 2. Current is directly proportional to the rate of flow of electric charge. The direction of electric current is taken to be the direction of flow of electrons in the circuit. 3. The standard unit of electric current is the Ampere, which is equal to one coulomb of charge passing through an area in one second. Current can be measured using an instrument called an ammeter.

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    ELECTRICITY

    Elecrac cirut AAcontinuaus ant closed Path o oy etectit cumet called


    nS Curetme Amoumt o charge flom, hough a particalar Area pu nit hme
    a t e 1 tlow f electrii chargit kneun" 4s decfrut currUt
    nakally dinchien low o1 pasabe chorge is takeu to be diiechim of elehie
    I:
    B4t dechim eehrai cusrnf d/Ppasáe to i4 hat is he drechim 7eleetrons
    a/7 where chorge k lour in the circuit h time t
    TUn deckraè wTmat- Ampere and t tnitot efetue charge: Culomb
    Calom b chorge contaio electrons- 6xIof edectrons [ie charge =t6xl6'
    Gpere The Cunt i saud to be
    Ampere ( Alhen I tuomb of charge persecon)
    nmeter An Instrument which measures elecric cumnt h an
    circuit
    Oher UncB (Small
    of deeruc
    cumnt)-- 10*SA
    ImA= luA= |o"A)
    »

    Pofenticd dfante The echio presure lilfernce along a


    tondu ctor KnonH*
    ELEC TRIc POTENT*AL AND PoTENTIAL DIFIERNCE
    Ho CuRKENT FLOW IN uk¢utThe chwical
    diyuente across he Ac ion wih in cell neiafe potutI
    a
    fumtna cell. When cell
    creuit elem mt potutial Connecred to a Conduc
    cell expand sk cheuu'cal
    diHente Sets
    charge im motin of andpcfoY ardfjo
    mergy order t6maliotasin he Jeckic Cumeit:
    Eleeric Potutial aifrence EP.D &lao two pouuks iy a usut
    Can be
    define
    as Work done to move a Unit charge fom onecAnYng aYOe
    V sz Unit of elecrraè poant to öthe
    pokuhial elderehce'= Volt ajky Aluaudro Valfa
    OAevolE P.D h n I Toule o7 ork a done to move a
    Elecfuc pofentiaY offerente s meqsured tharge lc frm' pomf F
    by mstrumut- Vottme kef to fonl-
    oHM's LAW potutial cetference v across the ends
    in an electhric circut
    drichly ofa give metallie u/
    J propotional to usTut
    qlowsg mrough i t povde
    teprakure Temasns same . hus tallecd as 'ohsLao.
    ohms law i ive by
    nerman stienhist
    R v/I =Cons tanf > vz: R 2 awrge
    VaT simon shn Cl292)
    V:ER
    Resistante (R= A Cons tamt Jor mefallic hlure at a Ris kesistonte (Cnspa
    properky of conducfor to resIst jlow of iven tem prakue 1s
    Ondt of Reistonte lohm I ohm
    charge through t calleol Yertane
    thrayh onductoy Ivolt anc Cum nt con be detined s po tufial differonce
    ls 1 Ampere
    Rdahonthup blo urrut and Reirtonte Jnverse mom Resstamte t lothm
    olouble Current betome halve' so
    cusTent
    -

    s
    relation ship i t K B
    Vaviabje Reuistonte AACompontnt bsed to ma tary ed by the Tesistante
    Electraè urmt irutraed b atomsTeulate a rachm
    Curant hlahout chag Valbeye
    Risor A Conducfor haveng appieciable ammg Whuèh thimove
    yaistante_callu As Resis+6%
    FACTR oN Wheth REsIsT4NCE DEPEND
    Rsisdan Ce of Condactor depends apn ongh ofcenduttor en of crssseshn
    Cmy nahure of maferuàf
    So Ammeki sadng intreasee hen theeke Wreos
    RA RA Ra IA R S Il4 Sis Conshant af propefional
    Resistiva i depencd upom natue o makro h Sr onit Ia m
    Reis tvaty oc conducr s Low But huig for e isfatoas
    Rwistivas nd ResstanCe both Vay Wuhb the temp rature
    Ruitiuy of alley is hin er becane hey do not oxed1seol (Bur) at tum
    temprahve So hat mey are Used in heahng divice lake Elechic M Tiatk
    Tungshn- Us i Jilamn? of hulb hel Al Gnd u osesd or Elecric
    RESISTORs N SERIES Trantmitsim la
    RESI3 ToRs IN PARRnE
    ww AAA-

    R R

    Elthic umnt remauins Some in Segies.I is


    not Some in paxlld combinain
    Pofenthal lilfrnce Ia deffern t in seris Vrmatns same
    parlld combinatin
    So that V= V,tV2
    +V3 (hsaid) S o I in parlle combinatim
    t a + I3 0 --

    APPy ohs la V=Ik], V22 IM2 VgaIh3 Appy Lawg I


    v/k, EaV/42"k3
    Hmce ERIt Ra +Iks (sove) >v/kp=Ik,+ V/k2 +v/ks (Sobve if) wezat
    RR+R2+R3 serid
    HEATING EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CuRRENT
    As We Reaa chumical veachon wilb in he tell q nerats potutial difference
    aCTass two farmina/s seks eleefron in motion fo
    Zloo urut tmraugh Yesista
    A part o enery of cell Oses In mavotaneng me vsejul work(URe Kotald4 blad)
    But anotEr part * ener Yaise temprature ot 2aget. Hence Source of
    entg continuall'y ge* diesipated i Jotn f huat "knóu As haahn etjechy
    Th's htaing edfel älto ahlisea salh os 'e/echui heabr, elecht rd'ete
    7The erkoiye in moving choge tmough a pofential iironce V qua/ to va
    b time t. Hmce poer oput to the eiréuit ts [P> Vx /t = VI|
    where is CuTrut V i potuiaf d f and t ia tima
    E n t r 2et dissapaBtd Jor cuwenk I, amounf heat H predecud vi timet 4-VE
    Aykr rplying ohms Zauo RRTWhuch known As Toale law of teaing.
    H a t producd -A) daretty propehonel to ruistante, time ond eleehit amf
    Haer toas er.
    PRACTICAL ApplhcATON oF HEATNGG EFFECT
    duralIk/e
    s but
    Un is also Useo in mang Usejal applrcotons a)
    AS heaig 4fct As
    Bulb 1s prndu ced liznt on Ae applicahin o4 Toles law of huatg:
    Eleehrut
    4el very hot od emiß dgnt Buf t must not met at him tepra tule
    t if have Vey hgn Mutin2 point
    Tuna/en (y.P=3380') * Dsed Jilamont and
    a

    Butb is also julled Wib inaehve nsryen Argan far longer lde laroact.
    a piece of We made op of allhy of appropTLDte melting
    pant
    FosE t Consist shppinj turent
    alumuniunm topper etc. lhuh proBeckt fhe áppliances by
    FoTe4 the circut he temp:
    11 cuvrent larger specifiea value qlows hroughbreaks
    than
    he circut
    I wTe ncreases . Thus mlfs use wLTe
    and
    o FUse
    AsIA, 24, 3A, sA ane) lo
    The uses vsed Jor
    domestt puupase rated
    power hen operafed
    Fore2- Andehic iron tuth Consumes| KW decric
    vses SA
    af 220V a currentof looo/220) It y-S4 A we
    ELECTRIC PowEB
    Electraè power- Rate of do9 Work or rate of tonsumphion of entrgy në poue
    The Rate at ki h edecree vnerny ia disipated or consumesl edecrt craus
    terme As eketvai powcrTP=v] oß [P: R aR |P- v6
    S1 Onat of edechuè
    power is watt (w) .
    I watf is dedinead As power tonrun
    hat camies 1A o1 current when Velt
    operafed at potential ditference of
    Thus I Natf= [Vodt x£ Ampere Iv4 1S veg Small UnaT
    kalowa f A much larzer vnit of power Whrch ii egual to looo Na7T:
    watt hour Unit of electrii emag whn I tatf of power ued jr1houT
    k w h : looo wat x36004ec 3.6x1o wat secmd Ikhlh 3-6xlo'T

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