Housing Week 05

9/11/23
HOUSING
IN HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
WEEK NO. 05
RENMAR B. YUTOC uap rmp
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AND

PHILIPPINE HOUSING SUBSIDIES
1
9/11/23
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
BASED ON ZONING / OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATIONS
(EXCERPTS FROM PD 1096)
OCCUPANCY
GROUP A - RESIDENTIAL
DIVISION 1
Residential building/structure for exclusive use of single-family

occupants including school or company staff housing; single
(nuclear) family dwellings; churches or similar places of worship;
church rectories; community facilities and social centers; parks,
playgrounds, pocket parks, parkways, promenades and play lots; (…)
National Building Code of the Philippines
2
9/11/23
OCCUPANCY
DIVISION 1
(…) clubhouses and recreational uses such as golf courses, tennis

courts, basketball courts, swimming pools, and similar uses
operated by the government or private individuals as membership
organizations for the benefit of their members, families, and guests
and not operated primarily for gain.
ZONING
DIVISION A-1 ( R – 1 )
A low-density residential zone, characterized mainly by

single-family, single-detached dwellings with the usual
community ancillary uses on a neighborhood scale, such
as executive subdivisions and relatively exclusive
residential communities which are not subdivisions.
3
9/11/23
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

OCCUPANCY
DIVISION 2
Residential building for the exclusive use of non-leasing occupants

not exceeding 10 persons including single-attached or duplex or
townhouses, each privately-owned; school dormitories (on
campus); convents and monasteries; military or police
barracks/dormitories;
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9/11/23
OCCUPANCY
DIVISION 2
(…) pre-schools, elementary and high schools, provided that they do

not exceed 16 classrooms; outpatient clinics, family planning clinics,
lying-in clinics, diagnostics clinics, medical and clinical laboratories;
branch library and museums; steam/dry cleaning outlets; party
needs and accessories (leasing of tables and chairs, etc.).
ZONING
A medium-density residential use or occupancy,

characterized mainly as a low-rise single-attached, duplex
or multi-level building/ structure for exclusive use as
multiple-family dwellings. This includes R-2 structures
within semi-exclusive subdivisions and semi-exclusive
residential communities which are not subdivisions.
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9/11/23
ZONING
There shall be two (2) general types of R-2 use or occupancy, to wit:
Basic R - 2 : single-attached or duplex building/structure of from

one (1) storey up to three (3) storeys in height and with each unit
for separate use as single-family dwellings and;
Maximum R - 2 : low-rise multi-level building/structure of from

three (3) up to five (5) storeys in height and for use as multiple
family dwellings
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
6
9/11/23
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

OCCUPANCY
DIVISION B - 1
Group B Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units including

boarding or lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row
houses, convents, monasteries and other similar building each of
which accommodates more than 10 persons.
7
9/11/23
ZONING
DIVISION B-1 ( R – 3 )
A high-density residential-use or occupancy,

characterized mainly as a low-rise or medium-rise
building/ structure for exclusive use as multiple-family
dwellings with mixed housing types. R-3 structure may
include low-rise or medium-rise residential condominium
buildings that are already commercial in nature and scale.

ZONING
There shall be two (2) general types of R-3 use or occupancy, to wit:
Basic R-3 : Rowhouse building/structure of from one (1) storey up to

three (3) storeys in height and with each unit for separate use as
single-family dwellings; and
Maximum R-3 : Medium-rise multi-level building/ structure of from six

(6) up to twelve (12) storeys in height and for use as multiple-family
dwellings
8
9/11/23
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
9
9/11/23
ZONING
A medium to high-density residential use or occupancy,

characterized mainly as a low-rise townhouse building/
structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings.
The term R-4 specifically refers to the building/structure on
an individual lot (a townhouse unit) and generally refers to
the series or rows of R-4 buildings/structures within a
subdivided lot or property (an R- 4 development).
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
10
9/11/23
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

ZONING
A very high-density residential use or occupancy,

characterized mainly as a medium-rise or high-rise
condominium building/structure for exclusive use as
multiple family dwelling.
11
9/11/23
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
FIREWALL
REVIEW
ZONING
Ar. Pedro Santos Jr
12
9/11/23
13
9/11/23
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
APPLICABLE FOR BOTH ECONOMIC AND SOCIALIZED
HOUSING UNDER BATAS PAMBANSA 220
(BP220)
focus review here
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9/11/23
SOCIALIZED HOUSING underprivileged and homeless
Refers to housing programs and projects covering houses and lot and homelots
only undertaken by the government or the private sector for the underprivileged
and homeless citizens which shall include sites and services development, long
term financing, liberalized terms on interest payments, and such other benefits in
accordance with the provisions of R.A. 7279 or the Urban Development and
Housing Act of 1992.
Revised Rules and Standards for Economic and Socialized Housing Projects
ECONOMIC HOUSING
A type of housing project provided to average income families.
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9/11/23
APPLICABLE FOR BOTH ECONOMIC AND

SOCIALIZED HOUSING UNDER BP 220
Single Family Dwelling Other Types of Housing

Single Detached Open-Market Housing (under PD 975)
Single Attached/Duplex Single Detached
Rowhouses Townhouse/townhomes
Multi-Family Dwelling Residential Condominium
Medium-rise Building (MRBs) Cluster Housing
BP 220
DWELLING TYPES
Single-Detached
A dwelling for 1 family which is completely surrounded by permanent open
spaces, with independent access, services, and use of land.
16
9/11/23
SINGLE-DETACHED
https://w w w .google.com /url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fw w w .lancasternew city.com .ph%2Faira%2F&psig=AO vVaw 2Gdm 0SNXKpKA_fbD6idqVO &ust=1693925042252000&s
ource=im ages&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBAQ jRxqFw oTCO DistW YkYEDFQ AAAAAdAAAAABAE
BP 220
DWELLING TYPES
Duplex/Single Attached
A dwelling containing 2 or more separate living units each of which is separated
from another by party or lot lines walls and provided with independent access,
services, and use of land. Such dwelling shall include duplexes, quadruplex or
terraces, and cluster housing.
17
9/11/23
SINGLE-ATTACHED
https://villasdelpueblo.com /property/kyla-single-attached-6/
DUPLEX
http://w w w .pres.ph/acacia-tw o-storey-duplex/acacia-tw o-storey-duplex-2/
18
9/11/23
BP 220
DWELLING TYPES
Row house
A single-attached dwelling containing 3 or more separate living units designed in
such a way that they abut each other at the sides, as in a row, and are separated
from each other by party walls; provided with independent access, and use of
land. There shall be a maximum of 20 units per block or cluster but in no case shall
this be beyond 100 meters in length.
ROWHOUSE
https://w w w .bria.com .ph/articles/your-guide-to-the-different-types-of-house-and-lots-in-the-philippines/
19
9/11/23
BP 220
DWELLING TYPES
Single-family dwelling
Shall mean single family per lot.
BP 220
DWELLING TYPES
Multi-Family Dwelling
A dwelling on 1 lot containing separate living units for 3 or more families, usually
provided with common access, services and use of land.
20
9/11/23
BP 220
DWELLING-RELATED
Cluster Housing
Single-family detached dwelling unit containing three or more separate living
units grouped closely together to form relatively compact structures.
CLUSTER HOUSING
https://w w w .panticarchitects.com /design/houses/vf-estate-cluster-housing.htm l

https://w w w .cascadia-partners.com /project-cottage-cluster-feasibility-analysis
21
9/11/23
BP 220
DWELLING-RELATED
Socialized Housing
Refers to housing programs and projects covering houses and lot and homelots
only undertaken by the government or the private sector for the underprivileged
and homeless citizens which shall include sites and services development, long
term financing, liberalized terms on interest payments, and such other benefits in
accordance with the provisions of R.A. 7279 or the Urban Development and
Housing Act of 1992.
BP 220
DWELLING-RELATED
Economic Housing
A type of housing project provided to average income families.
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9/11/23
BP 220
DWELLING-RELATED
Open-Market Housing
Housing constructed and financed by the private sector as a business venture
and sold at prevailing market prices and interest.
BP 220
LEVEL OF COMPLETION
Shell house
A habitable dwelling unit which meets the minimum requirements for a housing
core with the following additional components being included as part thereof:
1) All exterior walls to enclose the unit 4) Electrical wiring within the unit
2) Openings for doors and windows 5) Floor
3) Plumbing fixtures
23
9/11/23
BP 220
LEVEL OF COMPLETION
Complete House
A habitable dwelling unit which meets the minimum requirements for a shell
house with the following additional components being included as part thereof:
all windows and doors and partition walls for separating functional areas.
BP 220
LEVEL OF COMPLETION
ECONOMIC HOUSING SOCIALIZED HOUSING
Minimum level of
Complete House Shell House
Completion
24
9/11/23
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
BASED ON PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
(PSA)
https://rsso12.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Housing%20Characteristics%20-%20Tupi.pdf
25
9/11/23
https://rsso12.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Housing%20Characteristics%20-%20Tupi.pdf
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
BASED ON ECONOMIC POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT
(EPRI – DSWD)
26
9/11/23
Final report
“Process review and assessment of the Modified Conditional Cash Transfer for
Homeless Street Families”
17 December 2019
https://pantawid.dswd.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/1-Final-Report-Process-Review-and-Assessment-of-the-Modified-Conditional-Cash-
Transfer-for-Homeless-Street-Families.pdf
https://pantawid.dswd.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/1-Final-Report-Process-Review-and-Assessment-of-the-Modified-Conditional-Cash-
Transfer-for-Homeless-Street-Families.pdf
27
9/11/23
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES
BASED ON PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY
COMMUNITY-BASED MONITORING SYSTEM
(PSA-CBMS)
COMMUNITY-BASED MONITORING SYSTEM

https://cbms.psa.gov.ph/resources/enumerator/06-concepts.html#building
28
9/11/23
BUILDING
A building is defined as any structure built, designed, or intended for the

enclosure, shelter, or protection of any person, animal, or property. It consists of
one (1) or more rooms and/or other spaces, covered by a roof, and usually
enclosed within external walls or with common dividing walls with adjacent
buildings, which usually extend from the foundation to the roof.
Buildings to be listed
Only those buildings that contain:
(1) living quarters, and

(2) service facilities and infrastructures whether occupied or vacant
29
9/11/23
LIVING QUARTERS
Structurally separate and independent places of abode. Considered as living

quarters are the following:
• Those which have been constructed, built, converted, or arranged for human
habitation, provided that they are not at the time of the data collection used
wholly for other purposes; or
• Those which have been constructed for purposes other than human
habitation but being used as living quarters at the time of the data collection.
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AND PHILIPPINE HOUSING SUBSIDIES

30
9/11/23
TITLE / TOPIC
WHAT IS A SUBSIDY?
A subsidy is a benefit given to an individual, business, or institution,

usually by the government. It is usually in the form of a cash payment
or a tax reduction. The subsidy is typically given to remove some type
of burden, and it is often considered to be in the overall interest of the
public, given to promote a social good or an economic policy.
TITLE / TOPIC
WHAT IS A SUBSIDY?
• A subsidy is a direct or indirect payment to individuals or firms,

usually in the form of a cash payment from the government or a
targeted tax cut.
• In economic theory, subsidies can be used to offset market failures
and externalities to achieve greater economic efficiency.
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/subsidy.asp#:~:text=A%20subsidy%20is%20a%20direct,to%20achieve%20greater%20economic%20efficiency.
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9/11/23
TITLE / TOPIC
WHAT IS A SUBSIDY?
• Critics of subsidies point to problems with calculating optimal

subsidies, overcoming unseen costs, and preventing political
incentives from making subsidies more burdensome than they
are beneficial.
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/subsidy.asp#:~:text=A%20subsidy%20is%20a%20direct,to%20achieve%20greater%20economic%20efficiency.

POLICY FRAMEWORK OF HOUSING SUBSIDIES
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9/11/23
Housing is a major expenditure item for households. It is the largest and most
widely owned asset by households. To substantially improve access to
housing by targeted sectors such as the poor, the Philippine government has
provided subsidies that are expected to bring down the cost of housing.
A Study of Housing Subsidies in the Philippines, Llanto et al | https://pidswebs.pids.gov.ph/CDN/PUBLICATIONS/pidsdps9842.pdf
33
9/11/23
Assets Liabilities
Cash Bank debt
Investments Mortgage debt
Inventory Money owed to suppliers
Office equipment (accounts payable)
Machinery Wages owed
Real estate Taxes owed
Company-owned vehicles
34
9/11/23
What NEDA said: In a statement, NEDA said that it only showed “how a hypothetical monthly
2018
budget of P10,000 will be affected by a 4.6% inflation rate.”
https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/fact-check/204246-neda-filipino-family-5-members-monthly-budget/
May, 2023
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1769686/govt-fix-sought-as-household-spending-continues-slide-gdp-growth-slowest-in-7-quarters
35
9/11/23
2022
HOUSEHOLD FINAL CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, 2022
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Food and non-alcoholic beverages 36% 40% 35% 40%
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco 2% 2% 2% 2%
Clothing and footwear 2% 2% 2% 2%
Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 12% 15% 13% 11%
Furnishings, household equipment and routine household maintenance 3% 3% 3% 3%
Health 4% 4% 5% 4%
Transport 10% 8% 11% 8%
Communication 3% 3% 2% 3%
Recreation and culture 1% 1% 1% 2%
Education 5% 5% 5% 5%
Restaurants and hotels 8% 5% 7% 8%
Miscellaneous goods and services 14% 13% 13% 14%
https://openstat.psa.gov.ph/PXWeb/pxweb/en/DB/DB__2B__NA__QT__2HFCE/0142B5CHFQ1.px/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=a14a4033-70d0-4874-90cc-cc76fa587101
September 2023
Gerard de la Peña
36
9/11/23
37
September 2023 September 2023
9/11/23
September 2023
September 2023
DATE TODAY: SEPTEMBER 9, 2023
38
9/11/23
The motivation behind the subsidies in the housing markets is the conviction
that the majority of the population will not be able to afford housing units
unless some form of subsidy is made available to them that brings down the
cost of production of housing units, or brings down the cost of a housing unit
for the end-user.
The prevailing public viewpoint is that every household must own a house, no
matter how humble it may be. Its opposite, renting a house is a less preferred,
second best situation. Home ownership is preferred because of the assurance
of a place to live in, its investment value, the status given by society to home
ownership and the uncertainties of its opposite--renting.
39
9/11/23
• National Shelter program has four major programs:

not included in exam
1. Mortgage financing (housing loan),

2. Direct housing production
3. Development loans (to finance the making, installing, or constructing of
the improvements necessary to convert raw land into
construction-ready building sites)
4. Community programs (social housing)

GOVERNMENT HOUSING SUBSIDY PROGRAMS
40
9/11/23
1970s to Mid-1980s
The government was involved in

the direct production and
provision of housing and related
services and imposed rent control
in an attempt to make housing
more accessible to the low- and
middle-income groups..

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2F75485012%40N00%2F409057483&psig=AOvVaw31W2OBIJWWk8aXWyA3ihyC&ust=1693886499029000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBAQjRxqFwoTCNDKrIqJkIEDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
1970s to Mid-1980s
Creation of a secondary mortgage system

operated through the National Home Mortgage
Finance Corporation (NHMFC).
The NHMFC drew funding from the Home Development

Mutual Fund (HDMF), paying 12.75% per annum. Those
funds were then lent to HDMF members at subsidized
interest rates.
41
9/11/23
1987
To rationalize the housing sector, the Aquino

government created through Executive Order No.
90, the Housing and Urban Development
Coordinating Council (HUDCC), the highest
policy making and coordinative body for urban
and housing development.
It formulates policies and guidelines to accomplish the

National Shelter Program, a scheme intended to deal
with the housing backlog.
1987
• Socialized and economic housing was differentiated and maintains different

financing approaches and regulations.
• The government encourages both private builders and financial institutions

to cater to the lower segment of the housing market by providing them a
package of mostly financial incentives and subsidies.
42
9/11/23
NATIONAL SHELTER PROGRAM
The government's comprehensive strategy to address the housing problem of

the country. It rests on three basic principles, namely:
(i) The Reliance on the initiative and capability of beneficiaries to solve their
housing problem with minimum assistance from the government;
(ii) The use of the private sector as the principal player in providing decent
and affordable housing and
(iii) The role of the government as enabler, facilitator and catalyst in the
housing market, and focused assistance to families within the poverty line.
NATIONAL SHELTER PROGRAM
The NSP has four major programs:

These programs target either direct end-
(a) production of housing units, beneficiaries/households or private
(b) mortgages, developers/private banks, the intermediary
(c) development loans and institutions used by the government to
(d) community programs. direct assistance to beneficiaries.
43
9/11/23

HOUSING SUBSIDY PROGRAMS

UNDER NATIONAL HOME MORTGAGE FINANCE CORPORATION (NHMFC)
Unified Home Lending Program (UHLP)
The subsidy, by design, accrues to and is being

paid for by the members of the funding
agencies
not included in exam
44
9/11/23

UNDER HOME DEVELOPMENT MUTUAL FUND (HDMF) / PAGIBIG
Housing Loan Availment
Two (2) modes of applying for a Pag-IBIG housing loan:
• Developer-Assisted - the developer assists the

member in his/her housing loan application and
• Retail - the member applies directly to the
Fund.
45
9/11/23

UNDER HOME DEVELOPMENT MUTUAL FUND (HDMF) / PAGIBIG
Housing Programs
Disposal of Pag-IBIG Fund Acquired Assets
HDMF Expanded Housing Program (EHLP)

This is the HDMF’s own mortgage finance program. It
essentially has the same features as the UHLP except
that it caters exclusively to HDMF members. Funding for
this, and other HDMF programs, comes from
government-imposed mandatory contributions to the
fund by workers and their employers.

UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING AUTHORITY (NHA)
Informal Settlers Families (ISF)
Involves relocation and resettlement of families living

in or along danger areas in Metro Manila particularly
those along waterways such as creeks, rivers, and
esteros. (…)
46
9/11/23

(…) Undertaken through in-city low-rise housing

development utilizing government-owned land or off-
city resettlement (outside Metro Manila) where in-city
project plans are not feasible.
Also covers implementation of alternative in-city

project schemes proposed by Program Stakeholders
(Informal Settler Families)

Resettlements Programs (ISFs in Metro Manila)
Addresses the resettlement requirements of families

affected by infrastructure projects in Metro Manila
and those living along danger areas in nearby
provinces of Rizal, Cavite, Laguna, Bulacan, Pampanga
and Bataan. Entails the provision of housing units,
community facilities, socio-economic and other
community support programs.
47
9/11/23

Regional Resettlements Programs
Involves the implementation of local/regional

resettlement projects as joint National Government
and Local Government undertakings. Addresses the
resettlement requirement of Local Government Units
(LGUs) outside Metro Manila involving families in
danger areas, those affected by infrastructure
projects, calamities, and for indigenous people.

Housing Assistance Programs for Calamity Victims
Responds to the housing need of low and marginal-

income and/or informal settler families for permanent
shelter affected by calamities such as typhoons,
landslides, earthquakes, and fires for relocation to safe
areas. (…)
48
9/11/23

(…) Also involves the provision of housing materials

assistance (HOMA) to families whose homes are
partially damaged by calamities in the “safe-zone” but
do not require relocation and resettlement.

Settlements Upgrading Program
Intended to address the security of tenure and

infrastructure requirements of informal settlements
on government land and proclaimed or designated as
socialized housing sites. (…)
49
9/11/23

(…) Covers survey and titling of individual lots for

disposition to qualified occupants, infrastructure
development, housing construction and rehabilitation
of existing project sites.

AFP-PNP Housing Program
The program is intended to provide decent and

affordable housing to low-salaried personnel of the
Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), Philippines
National Police (PNP), Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology (BJMP), Bureau of Fire and Protection (BFP),
and the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor).
50
9/11/23
https://www.rappler.com/nation/189334-long-wait-kadamay-housing-pandi-bulacan/

Local Housing Program
Covers the implementation of cost-recoverable

socialized housing projects in urban and urbanizable
areas in all congressional districts. (…)
51
9/11/23

(…) This is mandated under RA 7835 or the

Comprehensive and Integrated Shelter Financing Act
of 1994 (CISFA) and may be implemented for various
housing options, land acquisition or land tenure
assistance schemes, and assistance for survey and
titling, provision/installation and repair of project
components and community facilities.

UNDER SOCIAL HOUSING FINANCE CORPORATION (SHFC)
Abot-Kaya Pabahay Fund Development Loan

Program (AKPF-DLP)
Abot-Kaya Pabahay Fund Development Loan Program

(AKPF-DLP) aims to provide low-income families in key
urban areas affordable houses by financing site
development or improvements and house/building
construction in CMP and other socialized housing
projects. (…)
52
9/11/23

(…) The program is open to corporations, single

proprietorship, and LGUs with partner developer of
socialized housing projects.

Community Mortgage Program (CMP)
A financing system that enables legally-organized

Informal Settler Families (ISFs) of blighted areas, or
areas for priority development to own the lots they
occupy or the land where they choose to be
relocated. (…)
53
9/11/23

(…) Financing under the CMP is done in three stages:
Stage 1: Involves land acquisition;

Stage 2: Site development; and
Stage 3: Individual housing loans.
https://www.bir.gov.ph/index.php/legal-matters/community-mortgage-program-cmp.html

High Density Housing (HDH)
The program is the SHFC’s participation to the informal

settler families' (ISFs) Housing Program being
implemented by the incumbent administration with an
allocated budget of P50 - billion for five (5) years. The
ISFs' Housing Program aims to ensure safe and flood-
resilient permanent housing solutions for the ISFs living
in danger areas of the National Capital Region (NCR).
54
9/11/23

Localized Community Mortgage Program (LCMP)
A modified community mortgage program, which

extends financial assistance for the acquisition of the
land occupied by the constituents of the local
government unit or the land where they will be
relocated through the concept of community
ownership, with the land primarily mortgaged to SHFC.

MAGNITUDE OF HOUSING SUBSIDIES
55
9/11/23
FOUR GENERAL TYPES
INTEREST RATE SUBSIDY

The value of the tax deductions of an individual’s or company’s earnings
resulting from interest payments on its debt over the course of year.
LAND COST SUBSIDY

The subsidy would be less since the NHA’s share of the cost would only be
equal to the cost of land development.
FOUR GENERAL TYPES
TAX EXEMPTION
Subsidies from a tax exemption is simply the present value of the stream of the
tax exemption implied by a transaction that provides for exemption on tax
payments.
CASH TRANSFER
A cash transfer is a direct transfer payment of money to an eligible person. Cash
transfers are either unconditional cash transfers or conditional cash transfers.
They may be provided by organizations funded by private donors, or a local or
regional government.
56
9/11/23

INCENTIVE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS IN
EXISTING SUBSIDY PROGRAMS
INCENTIVE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS
BORROWERS
• Take the housing loan based on the monthly income and not on the
capacity to repay the loan,
• Borrowers not qualified, get the loan and end up not repaying,
• Borrowers attitude of not paying the loan, or can be repaid at a later time,
• High cost of foreclosure, lack of effective monitoring or loans encourages
loan delinquencies.
57
9/11/23
BANKS
• Do not provide financing for low-cost housing,
PRIVATE DEVELOPERS
• Formula for lending finance scheme allows private developers to produce
more houses and market them but not to creditworthy borrowers,
• Substandard housing units and infrastructure delivered to borrowers
PUBLIC HOUSING AGENCIES

• Funds are being used/diverted for other public activity than housing,
• Overlapping functions and competing programs of public housing
agencies which affect the efficiency of the housing finance.
LEGISLATORS / POLICY-MAKERS
• To consider more sustainable approaches to the housing problems
• Legislating budgetary appropriation for subsidized lending
58
9/11/23
end.
LAST UPDATED: 2023, SEPTEMBER 9
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9/11/23

RENMAR B. YUTOC uap rmp

HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AND

Residential building/structure for exclusive use of single-family

National Building Code of the Philippines

(…) clubhouses and recreational uses such as golf courses, tennis

National Building Code of the Philippines

A low-density residential zone, characterized mainly by

National Building Code of the Philippines

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Residential building for the exclusive use of non-leasing occupants

National Building Code of the Philippines

(…) pre-schools, elementary and high schools, provided that they do

National Building Code of the Philippines

A medium-density residential use or occupancy,

National Building Code of the Philippines

Basic R - 2 : single-attached or duplex building/structure of from

Maximum R - 2 : low-rise multi-level building/structure of from

National Building Code of the Philippines

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Group B Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units including

National Building Code of the Philippines

A high-density residential-use or occupancy,

National Building Code of the Philippines

Basic R-3 : Rowhouse building/structure of from one (1) storey up to

Maximum R-3 : Medium-rise multi-level building/ structure of from six

National Building Code of the Philippines

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

A medium to high-density residential use or occupancy,

National Building Code of the Philippines

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

A very high-density residential use or occupancy,

National Building Code of the Philippines

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

Ar. Pedro Santos Jr

National Building Code of the Philippines

National Building Code of the Philippines

National Building Code of the Philippines

focus review here

SOCIALIZED HOUSING underprivileged and homeless

A type of housing project provided to average income families.

APPLICABLE FOR BOTH ECONOMIC AND

Single Family Dwelling Other Types of Housing

http://w w w .pres.ph/acacia-tw o-storey-duplex/acacia-tw o-storey-duplex-2/

https://w w w .bria.com .ph/articles/your-guide-to-the-different-types-of-house-and-lots-in-the-philippines/

https://w w w .panticarchitects.com /design/houses/vf-estate-cluster-housing.htm l

ECONOMIC HOUSING SOCIALIZED HOUSING

COMMUNITY-BASED MONITORING SYSTEM

A building is defined as any structure built, designed, or intended for the

(1) living quarters, and

Structurally separate and independent places of abode. Considered as living

HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AND PHILIPPINE HOUSING SUBSIDIES

A subsidy is a benefit given to an individual, business, or institution,

• A subsidy is a direct or indirect payment to individuals or firms,

• Critics of subsidies point to problems with calculating optimal

PHILIPPINE HOUSING SUBSIDIES

POLICY FRAMEWORK OF HOUSING SUBSIDIES