NGỮ ÂM LÝ THUYẾT

/ r / may be pronounced in: for hours and hours

/ r / may be pronounced in: her English

A ………. is a speech sound in which the airstream from the lungs

is not blocked in any way in the mouth or throat and which is
usually pronounced with vibration of the vocal cords. A vowel
A …………. is the smallest unit of sound in a language which
can distinguish two words. phoneme

A ………….. is a sound in producing it the airstream coming from

the lungs is stopped, impeded, constricted or otherwise interfered
with in its passage to the outside air. consonant
A group of consonants at the beginning or end of a syllable is
called a consonant …… cluster

A syllable can be part of a …… or it can coincide with a word. word

According to the English phonological rules, the sound shown
by “n” in “ten keys” can be: assimilated
According to the English phonological rules, the sound shown
by “r” in “for Ann” can be: linked
According to the English phonological rules, the sound shown
by “t” in “last week” can be: elided
Assimilation is more likely to be found in …….., casual speech
and less likely in slow, careful speech rapid
Assimilation is the influence of one ……………… upon
another neighbouring phoneme, so that they become more alike.
phoneme
a. / ʤ /
b. / ʧ /
c. / ʃ /
d.
Circle the palato-alveolar voiceless fricative: e. / ʒ /
a. sure
b. sent
Circle the word that begins with a voiced labio-dental fricative c. thy
consonant. d. vine
a. goggle
b. want
Circle the word that begins with a voiced velar plosive c. could
consonant. d. gnat
a. lateral
b. word
Circle the word that begins with a voiceless alveolar fricative c. sky
consonant. d. kind
a. vat
b. than
Circle the word that begins with a voiceless labiodental c. feast
fricative consonant. d. shine
 a. mining
b. known
Circle the word that ends with a voiced alveolar nasal c. bat
consonant. d. picked
a. judged
b. speech
Circle the word that ends with a voiced palato-alveolar c. clothe
affricate consonant. d. manage
a. with
b. bombs
Circle the word that ends with a voiceless dental fricative c. wife
consonant. d. breathe
a. tough
b. believe
Circle the word that ends with a voiceless labio-dental fricative c. . lines
consonant. d. vests
a. wishing
b. vision
Circle the word that the consonant in the middle is a voiced c. judging
palato-alveolar fricative. d. teaching
a. bigger
b. swimming
Circle the word that the consonant in the middle is a voiced velar c. longing
nasal consonant. d. thinner
a. passive
b. ladder
Circle the word that the consonant in the middle is a voiceless velar c. talking
plosive cosonant. d. telling
Consonants are classed as VOICED if they are produced with
vibration of the ………. and VOICELESS if they are produced
without vibration. vocal cords
Elision is typical of rapid casual speech. Foreign learners do
not need to learn to produce ………, but the perception of elision is
important elision
Elision is the complete ……….. of a sound. disapearance
For Tag-question, when you don‟t want to force the other
person to agree with you, but to give his/her opinion, use
………. take off
If someone says “Good day, sir!” unexpectedly, he uses
……… the glide up

If the ……… content word of an utterance is a repetition of one

that has already occurred in the utterance, the penultimate ……..
word takes the tonic. last, content
If you say “You‟ll be late” as a warning ………. Is used. the dive

In a three-consonant sequence at the end of a syllable, such as

„banks‟ bæŋks we say that the ŋ is in ……….. position,. medial
In the three-consonant sequences at the beginning of a
syllable like „spray‟ spreɪ we say that the s consonant is in
………..position. initial
Only the ………. words like auxiliary verbs, pronouns,
prepositions, conjunctions may have the weak forms. functional
Phonetically, a syllable is a unit which consists of a ….. as the
centre and/or onsonant(s) before and after it. vowel
Stress is the degree of force used in producing a …….. .. syllable
Syllabic consonants are the ones which can form syllable
without …… A vowel
The ………..words like nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs have
no weak forms. content

The dive is used in ….. Do mention my name if you like

The falling intonation is not used in…… Did you see him leave the house?
The falling intonation is not used in…… Did you?

The falling intonation is used in…… What a very nice dress!

The falling intonation is used in…… How's your wife?

a. velar, plosive
b. alveolar, plosive
The initial sound of the second syllable of the word "acknowledge" is c. voiceless, plosive
……… d. voiced, nasal
a. / θ /
b. / f /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / s /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / ð /
a. / b /
b. / t /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. . / m /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / p /
a. . / ʧ /
b. / r/
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / ʤ /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / ʒ /
a. / t /
b. / d /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / k /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / n /
a. / ð /
b. / /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / z /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / v /
a. / s/
b. / ʒ /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / l /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / d /
a. / n /
b. / ŋ /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / w /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / m /
 a. / g /
b. / d /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / b /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / s /
a. / j /
b. / r /
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing c. / w /
one or more common properties is ……. d. / ʃ /
a. / ʤ /
b. . / j /
The phonemic transcription for the first sound of "jeans" is………. c. . / z /
d. / ʧ /
a. / Ɔ /
The phonemic transcription for the first sound of "ought" is………. b. / o /
c. / Ɔ: /
a. / f /
The phonemic transcription for the first sound of "physics" is………. b. / p /
c. / ph /
a. //th/
b. / t /
The phonemic transcription for the first sound of "Thomas" is………. c. / θ /
d. / ð /
a. / d /
The phonemic transcription for the last sound of "bleached" b. / t /
is………. c. / id /
a. / ð /
The phonemic transcription for the last sound of "breath" is………. b. / h /
c. / θ /
The rising intonation is not used in ….. This time we say nothing
According to the English phonological rules, the sound shown by “r” in linked
“for Ann” can be:
If you say “You’ll be late” as a warning, ………. Is used. the glide up
When the word NOT occur in either the statement or the tag-question, falling
use the …………. to force the other person to agree with you.
When you say “Don’t be too long” as a pleading request, ……… is used. the glide down
Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the machine
rest.
The rising intonation is often used in ….. Are you ready?
Circle the words that does NOT begin with a dental consonant: ten
Which syllable is stressed in these words: accessibility, compatibility, the fourth syllable
vulnerability?
What do the vowels in bet, love, purse, beat have in common? They are unrounded
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing //
one or more common properties is …….
Circle the words that begin with labio-dental consonant: vain
Circle the words that begin with an alveolar consonant: singer
Which 2-syllable word has a different stress from the others: problem
Circle the phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all /n/
sharing one or more common properties.
Circle the phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all /s/
sharing one or more common properties.
Circle the phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all /ʒ/
sharing one or more common properties.
The phoneme that does not belong to the class of sounds all sharing /w/
one or more common properties is …….
Circle the words that begin with a dental consonant: they
According to the English phonological rules, the sound shown by “t” in elided
“last week” can be:
Circle the word that the consonant in the middle is a voiceless velar talking
plosive consonant.
The falling tone is used in…… Good night!
Circle the word whose underlines part is pronounced differently from the sure
rest.
Which of the following words does not begin with a voiceless fricative? cut
Circle the groups of word which contains the same FINAL consonant check – talk
sound.
What do the initial consonants of thin, zoo, though, shop have in They are fricative consonants
common?
Circle the groups of word which contains the same FINAL consonant laughs – works
sound.
The phonemic transcription for the first sound of "Thomas" is………. /θ/
There must be NOT assimilation in ……………… woolen scarf
Circle the words that begin with an alveolar–palatal consonant: cheap
The rising intonation is used in …. I shan't be long
a. / _ _ ' _ /
b. / ' _ _ _ /
c. / _' _ _ /
The stress pattern of the word afternoon is: d. /, _ _ ' _ /
a. / _ _ ' _ _ _ _ /
b. /, _ _ ' _ _ _ _ /
c. /_ _ _ ' _ _ _ /
The stress pattern of the word indistinguishable is: d. /, _ _ _ ' _ _ _ /

The strong form of a word is used when it is ………. or when it is at

the end of a sentence or when it is said in isolation. stressed
The take off is used in …………. You can take it if you really like it.
a. short, central
b. mid, central
c. low, central
The vowel in the third syllable of the word "solidarity" is ……… d. low, front
a. / Ɔ: /
b. / Ɔ /
The vowel sound in the second syllable of the word c. / ə: /
"provocative" is ……… d. . / ə /
 a. / ə /
b. / ei /
The vowel sound in the second syllable of the word "sedative" is c. / æ /
……… d. / e /
The weak form of a word is used when it is ……… and not
………. unstressed, final
a. / 'ædministrətiv /
b. / ,ædmi'nistrətiv /
c. / ədmi'nistrətiv /
The word administrative is pronounced as: d. / əd'ministrətiv /
a. /di'næmik/
b. /dai'næmik/
c. /'dainəmik/
The word dynamic is pronounced as: d. /di'neimik/
a. razor
b. leisure
The word in which the consonant in the middle is voiced c. father
alveolar fricative is: d. ladder
a. pension
b. pleasure
The word in which the consonant in the middle is voiced palato- c. racing
alveolar fricative is: d. breathing
a. longing
b. within
The word in which the consonant in the middle is voiceless c. nothing
dental fricative is: d. laughing
a. either
b. closing
The word in which the consonant in the middle is voiceless c. coughing
labio-dental fricative is: d. loving
a. / 'næreitiv/
b. / nə'rætiv/
c. . / nə'reitiv/
The word narrative is pronounced as: d. / 'nærətiv/
a. /,presi'dentiəl/
b. /,prezi'dentl/
c. /,prezi'den∫l/
The word presidential is pronounced as: d. /,presi'dentl/
a. /'reliəbl/
b. /ri'laiəbl/
c. /re'laiəbl/
The word reliable is pronounced as: d. /re'laieibl/
a. /si,lek'tiviti /
b. / silik'tivəti /
c. /,silek'tivəti /
The word selectivity is pronounced as: d. / sə,lek'tivəti /
a. /,sju:pərim'pəuz/
b. /,sju:pə'impəus/
c. /,sju:pə'rimpəuz/
The word superimpose is pronounced as: d. /'sju:pəimpəus/
 a. day
b. glad
The word that begins with a voiced alveolar plosive consonant is: c. keep
d. sip
a. kite
b. meat
c. guy
The word that begins with a voiced bilabial plosive is: d. beat
a. chat
b. vine
c. fight
The word that begins with a voiced labio-dental consonant is: d. that
a. lead
b. sick
The word that begins with a voiceless alveolar stop consonant is: c. nine
d. time
a. pay
b. mate
c. said
The word that begins with a voiceless bilabial consonant is: d. bat
a. cot
b. got
c. know
The word that begins with a voiceless velar consonant is: d. gnat
a. born
b. coin
c. ban
The word that contains low front unrounded vowel is: d. balm
a. handbag
b. long
c. kick
The word that ends with a voiced velar nasal consonant is: d. line
a. /'væsilət/
b. /,væsi'leit/
c. /'væsileit/
The word vacillate is pronounced as: d. /vəsi'leit/
There may be elision and assimilation in saying: ground cover
There may be elision and assimilation in saying: wind mill
Use ………. when wh-questions sound more business-like and
the speaker is only interested in the subject, not the person spoken to.
glide down
When someone says “I don‟t think so” as a grumble, he/she
uses ……….. the take off
a. /m/
b. /s/
When there are three consonants at the beginning of a syllable, the c. /l/
first consonant must be an ….. d. /n/
When you say “Don‟t be too long” as a pleading request
……… is used. the dive