Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 43 views

    Stone Age-Chalcolithic Age

    Uploaded by

    abdulhazeeb7898
    The document summarizes the Stone Age in India, divided into 3 periods - Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic. The Paleolithic Age saw the earliest stone tools used by hunter-gatherers, ranging from hand axes to microliths. During the Mesolithic people transitioned to smaller tools and began fishing and gathering. In the Neolithic farming developed along with domestication of animals, polished stone tools, and settled villages with houses and pottery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Stone Age-Chalcolithic Age

    Uploaded by

    abdulhazeeb7898
    43 views3 pages
    The document summarizes the Stone Age in India, divided into 3 periods - Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic. The Paleolithic Age saw the earliest stone tools used by hunter-gatherers, ranging from hand axes to microliths. During the Mesolithic people transitioned to smaller tools and began fishing and gathering. In the Neolithic farming developed along with domestication of animals, polished stone tools, and settled villages with houses and pottery.

    Original Title

    1. Stone age-Chalcolithic age

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document summarizes the Stone Age in India, divided into 3 periods - Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic. The Paleolithic Age saw the earliest stone tools used by hunter-gatherers, ranging from hand axes to microliths. During the Mesolithic people transitioned to smaller tools and began fishing and gathering. In the Neolithic farming developed along with domestication of animals, polished stone tools, and settled villages with houses and pottery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views3 pages

    Stone Age-Chalcolithic Age

    Uploaded by

    abdulhazeeb7898
    The document summarizes the Stone Age in India, divided into 3 periods - Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic. The Paleolithic Age saw the earliest stone tools used by hunter-gatherers, ranging from hand axes to microliths. During the Mesolithic people transitioned to smaller tools and began fishing and gathering. In the Neolithic farming developed along with domestication of animals, polished stone tools, and settled villages with houses and pottery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    STONE AGE • Tools: Microliths (considerable reduction in

    size of tools)
    1) PALEOLITHIC AGE:
    • Holocene age – ice started to melt
    • Paleolithic sites are found in practically all
    parts of the country except the alluvial
    • Hunting, fishing, gathering, and at a later
    stage (Beginning of neolithic age) they also
    plains of the Indus and the Ganga
    domesticated Animals.
    • Pallavaram hand axe – first excavated
    • Sites found in Chotanagpur, central India
    paleolithic tool from south India – 1860 by
    and south of river Krishna
    Robert Bruce
    • Hunters and gatherers
    • Ice age – Pleistocene period
    3) NEOLITHIC AGE: (7000-3000 BCE)
    • Tools: Polished stone
    A) EARLY OR LOWER PALEOLITHIIC:
    (5 lakh – 50,000 BCE) • Important sites: Mehrgarh (Pakistan),
    Burzahom (J&K), Chirand (Bihar),
    • Covers greater part of the Ice age.
    Koldhiwa (UP) and Mahagara (UP)
    • Use of Hand axe and cleavers
    • Burzahom:
    • Valley of river Soan in Punjab, Pakistan
    o Kashmir
    • Lower paleolithic tools have been found
    o People lived in pits
    in the Belan Valley in UP
    o Hunting and fishing economy
    • Other sites are: Belan Valley (U.P.), o Used stone and tools made of bones
    Didwana (RJ), Chirki-Nevasa (M.H.), (Chirand, Bihar – another place
    Nagarjuna Konda (A.P.) where bone tools were used)
    (Note: Didwana (RJ) also have stone o Coarse grey pottery
    tools from Middle and Upper o Dog burial
    Palaeolithic ages.) • Second group of neolithic people lived in
    south of Godavari
    B) MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC: (50,000- • Used stone axes and stone blades
    40,000 BCE)
    • Fire baked earthen figurines suggest that
    • Based upon flakes they kept many cattle, sheep, and goat
    • Principal tools- varieties of scrapers, (Domestication)
    borers, and blade like tools • Other Sites in south:
    • Soan valley, River Narmada, and o Maski, Brahmagiri, Hallur, Kodekal,
    Tungabhadra valley Sanganakallu, Narsippur and
    Takkalakota in Karnataka.
    C) UPPER PALEOLITHIC: (40,000-10,000 o Paiyampalli in Tamil Nadu
    BCE) o Piklihal and Utnur in Andhra Pradesh
    • Blades and Burins • Later neolithic settlers were agriculturalist
    • Caves and rock shelters from (earliest farming communities).
    Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradesh • Domestication of animals became
    • Hand axe and cleavers, blades, scrapers, common.
    and few burins • Lived in circular or rectangular houses
    • Modern human (Homo sapiens) being made of mud and reed
    first appeared in the upper Paleolithic • People living in circular house held
    age property in common
    • Came to an end around 8000 BC • People led a settled life
    • Produced rice (Koldhiwa and Mahagara),
    2) MESOLITHIC AGE (10,000-8/7000 BCE) wheat, barley, Ragi, and Horse gram
    • Intermediate stage or transitional in stone (kulathi)
    age culture
    • Handmade pottery – later they used
    potter’s wheel
    CHALCOLITHC AGE: (3000-500 BCE)
    • Metal to be first used – Copper
    Rajasthan Ahar
    Gilund
    Madhya Pradesh Malwa
    Kayatha
    Eran
    Maharashtra Jorwe
    Nevasa
    Daimabad
    Chandoli
    Songaon
    Inamgaon

    • Gilund – stone blade industry


    • Pottery:
    o Black and Red ware
    o First to use painted pottery
    o Pots were meant for cooking, eating, and
    storing
    • Kept cows, sheep, goats, pigs, and
    buffaloes and hunted deer. Camel remains
    have also been found
    • They were not familiar with horse
    • People ate beef, but they did not take
    pork
    • Fish hooks found in eastern India
    • Wheat, rice, Bajra, lentil, black gram,
    green gram, and grass pea
    • Houses were made of bud bricks
    • Inamgaon- large mud house with ovens
    and circular pit houses have also been
    discovered,
    • People knew the art of spinning and
    weaving because spindle whorls have been
    discovered in Malwa
    • Burial:
    o In Maharashtra people buried their dead
    in urns under the floor of their house
    o In the North-south position.
    o Pots and some copper objects were
    deposited in the graves obviously for the
    use of the dead in the next world

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy