BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING,

Post graduate program
Stream -Structural Engineering
Concrete Structure- Assignment

Submitted By:
Name; ADDISALEM MARU
ID No: BDU 1300834

Submitted to: DR/Eg. Habtamu G.

Submission date: 3.SEPTEMBER,2021 G.C
BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BIT,SCWRE - POST GRADUATE PROGRAM Structural Engineering

SOLUTION

USING the EURO code (ES).

Moment Magnification Method.

Solution:
Step 1; Design Material strength

a)
Concrete
𝑐𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑘
f𝑐𝑑 = ……………… ( EN 1992-1-1:2013)
𝑐

Where:
c is the partial safety factor for concrete
cc is the coefficient taking account of long term effects on the compressive strength and of
unfavorable effects resulting from the way the load is applied. The recommended value is

0.85. fck = 25MPa

f𝑐𝑑 = 0.85∗25
= 14.167MPa
1.5

Steel
b)
f𝑦𝑑 =
𝑓𝑦𝑘/
𝑠 = 400
1.15
= 347.83MPa

Step2. Compute the factored load and moments and M1/M2

 Design load NEd= 1.35G + 1.5Q

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BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BIT,SCWRE - POST GRADUATE PROGRAM Structural Engineering

= 1.35x1000 + 1.5x850 = 2625KN

Moment at top =1.35*83KN.m +1.5*56KN.m

=196.05KN.m
Moment at bottom=1.35*56KN.m +1.5*37KN.m
= 131.1KN.m
M2 is always positive ,and M1 is positive because the column bent in single curvature.
Therefore, M2=196.05KN.m , M1 =131.1KN.m

 The ratio M1/M2=0.668

Step3. Estimate the column size by assuming b/h=400/400, with cover to reinforcement 40mm.
Reinforcement consists of 32mm diameter bar and 8mm diameter tie.
The size of the column is already given (400×400)mm.

Step 4. Is the column slender?

l
 Slenderness ratio is defined as λ = i0 , (Equation (5.14) in EN 1992-1-1:2013)
 Where K= 0.5 for fixed ended column (EN 1992-1-1:2013) , l0 = 7m
𝐼𝑧 0.44
 i=√𝐴𝑔 , Iz= 12 = 2.13 x10−3 m4 & Ag=0. 42 = 0.16 m2

I
i = √Az =0.115m
g
l0
λ= = 60.87,
i

 Recommended value of slenderness ratio

C
λlim = 20 ∗ A ∗ B ∗ (EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 ) Equation (5.13N)
√n
1
 A = 1+0.2φ (if φEF is not known, A = 0.7 may be used)
EF
 B = √1 + 2ω (if ω is not known, B = 1.1 may be used)
 C = 1.7 − rm = 1.032 (if rm is not known C = 0.7 may be used)
m
But rm = m21 = 0.668
NEd 2625KN
 n=A = = 1.158 relative normal force.
c ∗fcd 0.42∗14.167∗1000
C
λlim = 20 ∗ A ∗ B ∗ = 20 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 1.1 ∗ 1.032/√1.158 =14.768
√n
l0
 λ= = 60.87 > λl im = 14.768, These shows that the column AB is slender column.
i

Step 5. Compute Nominal stiffness (EI) or column rigidity. At this stage, the area of reinforcement is
not known. Additional Calculations are needed.
 Nominal stiffness can be calculated as follow.
EI = K c Ecd Ic + K s Es Is … . . ( EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 ) Equation (5.21)

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BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BIT,SCWRE - POST GRADUATE PROGRAM Structural Engineering

 Calculate the factors K c & K s by providing ρ >0.01, then use the factors.
0.3
Ks = 0 & Kc = … . ( EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 )Equation (5.26)
1 + 0.5φef
K c = 0.3
 Ecd is the design value of the modulus of elasticity of concrete, see 5.8.6 (3)
Ecd = Ecm /γcE Where γcE = 1.2………. Equation (5.20)
f 0.3
cm
Where Ecm = 22 [ 10 ] , fcm = fck + 8 = 25 + 8 = 33 ….table (3.1)
Ecm
Ecd = γcE
= 31475.8/1.2 =26229.83 N/mm2
 Ic is the moment of inertia of concrete cross Section
bh3 4004
Ic = = = 2.13 ∗ 109 mm4
12 12
EI = KcEcdIc = 0.3 ∗ 26229.83 ∗ 2.13 ∗ 109 = 1.676 ∗ 1013Nmm2

π2EI π2(1.676∗1013)
Step 6. Calculate the buckling load NB = = = 3.375 ∗ 106N = 3375KN
L2 70002

Step 7. Compute the magnified moment;

β π2
MED = M0Ed (1 + N ) where β = = 1.2337, M0Ed = M0e + M2
( B)−1 8
NEd
Where, M0e = 0.6M02 + 0.4M01 = 170.07 ≥ 0.4M02 &

NEd lo 7
M2 = = 2625 ∗ 400 = 45.937KN.m
400

M0Ed = M0e + M2=216.007KN.m

1.2337
MEd = 216.007 ∗ (1 + ) = 1148.71KNm
3375
(2625 ) − 1
Step 8. Select the column reinforcement
We will use the tied-column interaction diagrams by assuming an equal distribution of longitudinal bars
in two opposite faces of the column. The parameters required for entering the interaction diagrams are.
ℎ′ 50
γ = h = 400 = 0.125

NEd 2625 ∗ 10^3

𝑉𝑠𝑑 = = = 1.158
bhfcd 4002 ∗ 14.167

MEd 1148.7 ∗ 10^6

𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 1.267 Then read the value of Asfyd/
2
bh fcd 4003 ∗ 14.167 bhfcd is out of design chart ..

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BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BIT,SCWRE - POST GRADUATE PROGRAM Structural Engineering

REDESIGN.

change the column crossection into 450mm*450mm

change the steel grade in to fyk=500mpa

fyd=fyk/1.15=500/1.15=434.78Mpa

Step3. Estimate the column size by assuming b/h=450/450, with cover to reinforcement 40mm.
Reinforcement consists of 32mm diameter bar and 8mm diameter tie.
The size of the column is taken as (450×450)mm.

Step 4. Is the column slender?

l
 Slenderness ratio is defined as λ = i0 , (Equation (5.14) in EN 1992-1-1:2013)
 Where K= 0.5 for fixed ended column (EN 1992-1-1:2013) , l0 = 7m
𝐼𝑧 4
 i=√𝐴𝑔 , Iz=0.45 = 3.417 x10−3m4 & Ag=0. 452 = 0.2025 m2
12

I
i = √Az =0.1229m
g
l0
λ= = 53.88,
i

 Recommended value of slenderness ratio

C
λlim = 20 ∗ A ∗ B ∗ (EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 ) Equation (5.13N)
√n
1
 A = 1+0.2φ (if φEF is not known, A = 0.7 may be used)
EF
 B = √1 + 2ω (if ω is not known, B = 1.1 may be used)
 C = 1.7 − rm = 1.032 (if rm is not known C = 0.7 may be used)
m
But rm = m21 = 0.668
NEd 2625KN
 n=A = = 0.915 relative normal force.
c ∗fcd
0.452∗14.167∗1000
C
λlim = 20 ∗ A ∗ B ∗ √ n = 20 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 1.1 ∗ 1.032/√0.915 =14.73
il0
 λ= = 53.88 > λl im = 14.73, These shows that the column AB is slender column.

Step 5. Compute Nominal stiffness (EI) or column rigidity. At this stage, the area of reinforcement is
not known. Additional Calculations are needed.
 Nominal stiffness can be calculated as follow.
EI = K c Ecd Ic + K s Es Is … . . ( EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 ) Equation (5.21)

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BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BIT,SCWRE - POST GRADUATE PROGRAM Structural Engineering

 Calculate the factors K c & K s by providing ρ >0.01, then use the factors.
0.3
Ks = 0 & Kc = … . ( EN 1992 − 1 − 1: 2013 )Equation (5.26)
1 + 0.5φef
K c = 0.3
 Ecd is the design value of the modulus of elasticity of concrete, see 5.8.6 (3)
Ecd = Ecm /γcE Where γcE = 1.2………. Equation (5.20)
f 0.3
cm
Where Ecm = 22 [ 10 ] , fcm = fck + 8 = 25 + 8 = 33 ….table (3.1)
Ecm
Ecd = γcE
= 31475.8/1.2 =26229.83 N/mm2
 Ic is the moment of inertia of concrete cross Section
bh3 4504
Ic = = = =3.417 ∗ 109mm4
12 12
EI = KcEcdIc = 0.3 ∗ 26229.83 ∗ 3.41 ∗ 109 = 2.688 ∗ 1013Nmm2

π2EI π2(2.688∗1013)
Step 6. Calculate the buckling load NB = = = 5.416 ∗ 106N = 5416KN
L2 70002

Step 7. Compute the magnified moment;

β π2
MED = M0Ed (1 + N ) where β = = 1.2337, M0Ed = M0e + M2
( B)−1 8
NEd
Where, M0e = 0.6M02 + 0.4M01 = 170.07 ≥ 0.4M02 &

NEd lo 7
M2 = = 2625 ∗ 400 = 45.937KN.m
400

M0Ed = M0e + M2=216.007KN.m

1.2337
MEd = 216.007 ∗ (1 + ) = 466.63KNm
(2 625 ) − 1
5416

Step 8. Select the column reinforcement

We will use the tied-column interaction diagrams by assuming an equal distribution of longitudinal bars
in two
ℎ′ opposite
50 faces of the column. The parameters required for entering the interaction diagrams are.
γ = h = 400 = 0.125

NEd 2625 ∗ 10^3

𝑉𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.915
bhfcd 4502 ∗ 14.167

MEd 466.63 ∗ 10^6

𝜇𝑠𝑑 = = = 0.36
2
bh fcd 4503 ∗ 14.167

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Then read the value of Asfyd/bhfcd from out of chart gives valueof 1.12 the column design using
rectangular cross section column.

𝐴𝑠∗𝑓𝑦𝑑
𝜔= =1.12
bhfcd

𝐴𝑠 8100
Number of bar ∅ 32 =𝑎𝑠 = 𝜋∗(32)2 /4=10
= 7390mm2
AS(calculated) = 1.12 ∗ 450 ∗ 450 ∗14.167/434.78
𝐀𝐬,𝐦𝐚𝐱 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝑨𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒 ∗ 𝟒5𝟎^𝟐 = 8100𝒎𝒎𝟐 > 7390mm2 therefore use
as=7390mm2 ……………….. Ok!!!!!
As(provided) = 8042mm2 use 10 ∅ 32.
Thus, our given data on problem is, 6 ∅ 32mm, but our calculation is 10 ∅
32mm. So, increase beam size and reinforcement !!!!
Transverse reinforcements
The spacing of the stirrup is the minimum of the three values:
- 20 times the minimum diameter of the longitudinal bars= (20*32) =640mm
- the lesser dimension of the column = 400mm
- 400 mm
Hence, provide ϕ8 c/c 400mm.

10

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