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Class Notes Note-taking Assignment

Topic:Stop Studying, Start Learning Name: Sarah Ayaz
Speaker: Justin Sung Class: BS – 2nd Year, Sec B
https://youtu.be/TQXMl4GycD0?si=oKg5mmKoqJ0b7fne

Questions/ Main Ideas NOTES

Hard work and its cost. Usually, what student’s do to study is hard work. They study for
multiple hrs daily to ahead but hard work→inconsistent results→
Stress↑ and we compensate this by working even harder and harder

Studying VS Learning Studying is not the same as Learning.

Studying is like readg a book or writg notes which is not exactly
being learnt.
That’s different levels of learning, like for e.g
- Regurgigating some facts is a lower level than a nuanced
discussion or solving a complex problem
Higher Order Learning VS Lower
Research calls it “Higher Order Learning VS Lower Order Learning
Order Learning
Diff types of studying→Diff types of studying
This is imp bcz if u thnk that yr workg hard by studyg fr hrs then in
reality yr not . Need to start learng instead of studg bcz otherwise all
that hardwork is in vain cauze you arent learning anything frm it.
Imagine, if yr car breaksdown, you would pull over and take alook at
the engine n realize that u know nthng abt engines. If you don’t know
how the engine works then u wont be able to fix it.
The Fear of Learning
Ppl know “Learning is a process” but what goes inside it? If we
know we didn’t do well, do we know why and do we fix it? Or do we
just guess and hope? This causes anxiey and so we end up living in
the fear of learning

Metacognition Step#01 Know how the engine works, become the mechanic of your
brain.
This “ Thinking abt Thinking” is called Metacognition
Higher Metacognition
- Research says, ppl with ↑ Meta cognition, tend to do better or
even know how to get get better
- The more you learn, The more control u have, ↓Stress
↑Confidence
Low Meta cognition, is basically just doing wht everyone else says or
do. The prblm is,
Common Methods → Common
Results Common Methods → Common Results.
- For e.g Flash cards and Spaced Repitition, the most
commonly used methods.
- Research says it has a significant amount of limitattions, and
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majority of ppl using it aren’t even getting good grades

- This method is also not much effective when it comes to
solving complex problems
- Many ppl after graduating r recertiyng or doing courses cauze
they’ve spent their uni yrs using common mthds
So, we can avoid such prblm by learning about learning

Higher Order Thinking Skills One of the consistently shown mthds to improve learning is Higher
(HOTS) Order Thinking Skills.
Higher Order Thinking → Higher Order Learning
Higher Order Learning →Integrated
Lower Order Learning → Isolated
Higher Order Learning incl.
- Connecting info. Tgether & lookg fr Relationships
- Comparing info. Against other pcs of info.
Due to which the brain considers this relevant
Lower Order Learning incl.
- Memorising facts & def. & processes
The Snowball Effect - Learning → Tedious & Irrelevant
Learning has this “Snowball Effect”, which says, “ The more you
know about sth, the easier its is to learn abt it”
Higher Order Learning → Networks of knowledge which creates
strong foundations for the future learning.
Learning ↑ Efficient ↑
Lower Order Learning → As u learn, the brain doesn’t know what to
do with that isolated new pcs of info and u ust get more
overwhelmed.

Step By Step guide to Higher Order How do we do Higher Order Learning?

Learning Unfortunately there’s a very little research on a soecific step by step
guide for this but fortunately through yrs of experience, Here’s my
Step by Step guide for Higher Order Learning.
Building a Radar
Step#01 Building a Radar
- This is done by learng how the engine works and improving
yr own metacognition.
- Start this by tuning in the feeling of how higher order
learning feels like, like its called building a radar
- When u get the feeling while studying that this piece of info
will not be remembered like you already feel it slipping by
and the brain is telling you tht this is Irrelevant
Flicking up to that Higher Level So, instead of just staying in that lower order, flick up into a higher
order and make it relevant
- Start a tally whenever you feel like this
- The goal is to reduce that # by 10% evertime u study
This will be done by,
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Grouping Information Together Step#02 Groupping Info. Together

- Find relationships, compare the topics and make groups
- Think more deeply and prioritix=ze those groups by asking,
 How imp. Is a specific relationshio compared to the
other or similar relationship?
 What purpose does it serve?
The Learning taking place It takes real mental effort to not only find relationships and groups
but to decide which relationship is imp and this hinking and mental
effort is the learning taking place. This back to back thinking is what
higher order thinking feels like.

Note- Taking Step#03 Leverage your note-taking skills

- General attitude while taking notes is On the paper Out of
mind
- Good notetaking should help our brain to think not help it
avoid thinking
- Don’t do Linear Note-taking i.e left to right, sequential down
the page notes, experimnt with Non-Linear Note-taking
- Knowledge X Linear, so its difficult to express relationships
using linear notes.
- In Non-Linear note-taking, relationships, lines and arrows
shouldn’t appear at the press of a button.
We need to think about,
 What groups we want to form
 Whether we want an arrow here
 How thick an arrow should be if its more or less imp.
His is what Higher Order Learing involves.

How Effective this method is? People aged 12yrs to post-retirement 70yrs old have been taught
these end-to-end methods abt learng effectively and over the last 2
yrs, the data collected frm 5K ppl over 120+ countries shows that,
their level of learning and retention went from 4 → 1 week.
It is also imp. To know tt this is a kill, which you can train yourself to
do. No matter whatever your age is, everyone can train one’s self to
use these methods effectively.

Misinterpreted Effort Hypothesis Ppl say, “This seems like a lot of time and effort that I aalready can’t
afford”
This is called the Misinterpreted Effort Hypothesis which states tht,
When we think of sthehich takes too much effort, we also see it as sth
beng ineffective, so we stop doing it.
Research on learng exp. tht the most effective learning strategies
require more effort.

What if we don’t use Higher Order - This way you can cover up yr content faster but only if u think
Learning? abt studyingnot leaning.
- In reality, we waste more time in just relearnng the stuff our
brain saw as irrelevant
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Constant learng → Irrelevant → (Wasted Time) Forget →

Relearn.
- Considering this on a biggger scale of weeks of studying, this is
a lot of wasted time.
- Its difficult to even reach Higher Order Learning if we r thinkg
in the Lower Order
- If we need to reach Higher Order Learning then we don’t have
time to constantly relearn stuff. This way, Higher Ordr Learning
is actually more effective.

SUMMARY:
The result of what you learn as in being remembered or forgotten, is based upon the 2 orders of learning. A
learning strategy through which the knowledge can be retained and isn’t easily forgpoten is the Higher Order
Learning Skill. To just study and later on forget about it because of it being isolated and seen as irrelevant is
the Lower Order Learning which can be changed into Higher Order Learning by training nneself of this skill,
through a proper step by step method, In order to better learn, not just study in fewer time possible.