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    Aerial Photography

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    sljpriyadarshini
    Aerial photography involves taking photos from aircraft and satellites. Photos are taken periodically with overlap so 3D images can be created, allowing easier interpretation of ground objects. Aerial photos are classified based on scale, tilt, angular coverage, and film type. An interpreter analyzes tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, site, and associations to identify objects in aerial photographs. Aerial photography provides high resolution images but is limited by weather and environmental conditions.

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    Aerial Photography

    Uploaded by

    sljpriyadarshini
    51 views2 pages
    Aerial photography involves taking photos from aircraft and satellites. Photos are taken periodically with overlap so 3D images can be created, allowing easier interpretation of ground objects. Aerial photos are classified based on scale, tilt, angular coverage, and film type. An interpreter analyzes tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, site, and associations to identify objects in aerial photographs. Aerial photography provides high resolution images but is limited by weather and environmental conditions.

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    Aerial photography involves taking photos from aircraft and satellites. Photos are taken periodically with overlap so 3D images can be created, allowing easier interpretation of ground objects. Aerial photos are classified based on scale, tilt, angular coverage, and film type. An interpreter analyzes tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, site, and associations to identify objects in aerial photographs. Aerial photography provides high resolution images but is limited by weather and environmental conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views2 pages

    Aerial Photography

    Uploaded by

    sljpriyadarshini
    Aerial photography involves taking photos from aircraft and satellites. Photos are taken periodically with overlap so 3D images can be created, allowing easier interpretation of ground objects. Aerial photos are classified based on scale, tilt, angular coverage, and film type. An interpreter analyzes tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, site, and associations to identify objects in aerial photographs. Aerial photography provides high resolution images but is limited by weather and environmental conditions.

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    Aerial Photography:

     Aerial photography means photography from air. Aerial photography is one of the
    most common, versatile and economical forms of remote sensing.
     Aerial photography was the first method of remote sensing and even used today in the
    era of satellite and electronic scanners.
     Taking aerial photographs of the Earth's surface is a passive form of remote sensing
    generated from cameras mounted on aircraft, satellites and other spacecraft.
     The photographs are taken every 10 to 30 seconds as an aircraft follows a systematic
    overlapping flight pattern at a fixed altitude.
     Each picture slightly overlaps the preceding picture so that a stereoscopic (3-D) image
    of the entire area can be produced and ground objects can be more easily interpreted.
     The types of imagery they usually collect include natural color, panchromatic (black-
    and-white), and false-color infrared photography.
     Since the late 1930s,aerial photography has been the primary data
    source for coastal survey maps, shoreline feature delineation maps, and other agency
    coastal geographical information systems.
     Unfortunately, aerial photography has limitationsi.e.it can only provide high
    resolution images when weather (e.g., cloud cover, sun angle) and environmental
    (e.g., tidal) conditions are optimal.
     Therefore, Space agencies is currently investigating existing and new remote sensing
    technology to augment and/or replace conventional aerial photography method.
     Unlike traditional aerial photography, these techniques are able to capture images
    derived from a much broader scale.

    Classification of aerial photography:

    On the basis of scale:


     Large scale : Between 1:5,000 and 1: 20,000
     Medium scale: Between 1: 20,000 and 1:50,000
     Small scale : Smaller than 1:50,000
    On the basis of tilt:

     Vertical : When the tilt is within +3 degree ( nealy vertical)


     Oblique: Low oblique ( horizon does not appear but tilt is more than 30)
     Horizontal or terrestial: Camera axis is kept horizontal
    On the basis of angular coverage:

     Narrow angle : Angle of coverage less than 50 degree


     Normal angle : Angle of coverage less than 60
     Wide angle : Angle of coverage less than 90
     Super-wide angle : Angle of coverage less than 120
    On the basis of film:

     Black and white panchromatic


     Black and white infrared
     Colour
     Colour infra-red/ false colour

    An interpreter uses the following basic characteristics of photograph:


    i. Tone (also called Hue or Colour):
    Tone refers to the relative brightness or colour of elements on a photograph.
    ii. Size:
    The size of objects must be considered in the context of the scale of a photograph. The scale
    will help to determine the object.
    iii. Shape:
    It refers to the general outline of objects. Regular geometric shapes are usually indicators of
    human presence and use. Some objects can be identified almost solely on the basis of their
    shapes.
    iv. Texture:
    The impression of smoothness or roughness of image features is caused by the frequency of
    change of tone in photographs.
    v. Pattern (Spatial Arrangement):
    The patterns formed by objects in a photo can be diagnostic e.g. random pattern formed by an
    unmanaged area of trees and the evenly spaced rows formed by an orchard.
    vi. Shadow:
    Shadows aid interpreters in determining the height of objects in aerial photographs. However,
    they also obscure objects lying within them.
    vii. Site:
    It refers to topographic or geographic location. This characteristic of photographs is
    especially important in identifying vegetation types and landforms.
    viii. Association:
    It refers to the occurrence of certain features in relation to others.

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