701 Directed - Numbers.and - Number.Line
701 Directed - Numbers.and - Number.Line
701 Directed - Numbers.and - Number.Line
Directed number is a number that carries a positive sign “+” or a negative sign “–”.
Directed number includes positive number and negative number.
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Positive numbers such as 2, 3.5, and indicate Negative number such as –1, –2.5, and –
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numbers that are greater than zero. indicate numbers that are less than zero.
For example,
1. Take the right direction as positive.
Tommy walking toward the right 800m can be represented by +800m.
Maggie traveling toward the left 400m can be represented by –400m.
Notes: 0 is neither a positive number nor a negative number. Zero can neither be written as
“+𝟎” nor “−𝟎”
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
Try these
1. If +15% represents 15% gain in an 2. If −5kg represents the reduction of 5kg in
investment, what does −12.5% mean? weight, what does +1.25kg mean?
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
Vertical Number Line
Positive
Direction
Origin
Negative
Direction
D is obviously the smallest since it is on the left side of every other letters.
C is the largest since it is on the right side of every other letters.
Therefore the ascending order of the letters is D < A < B < C.
Try these
1. Label the following numbers on the number line, and then arrange them in ascending order.
1, −2, −3.5, 1.5, 0
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
2. Determine the value of the following variables on the number line. Arrange the set of variables in
descending order.
Ans: _______________
5 Steps to right
E.g. +2 + (−3)
5 steps to left 3 Steps to left
5 steps to left
E.g. +2 − (−4)
4 Steps to right
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
Try these
With the help of a number line, evaluate the value of the following expressions.
a) +5 + (−7)
b) −3 − (−5)
c) +2 − (+4)
+ (+A) = +A + (–A) = –A
– (+A) = –A – (–A) = +A
E.g. (2) + (3 – 8 + 7)
Concept of Removing Brackets. Steps
Step 1 Note that the sign in front of the brackets is “+”. (2) + (3 – 8 + 7)
Step 2 Remove the brackets without changing the sign of 2+3–8+7
numbers inside the brackets.
The first bracket without any sign in front of it is
considered as having “+” sign in front of it.
Step 3 The terms in the expression can be rearranged so 2+3+7–8
that the addition is performed first.
Step 4 Evaluate the expression from left to right 2+3+7–8
accordingly. = 12 – 8
=4
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
If the sign in front of the open bracket is “−”, then change the sign from “+” to “−“ or from “−” to
“+” when removing the brackets.
E.g. (5) – (6 – 13 + 8)
c. –1 – 4 d. –2 + 5 – 6
e. 5.3 – 20.4 f. – 27 + 22
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
i. (+13) + (–9) j. (–4) + (–3)
( a) a (10)
+𝑎 × +𝑏 = 𝑎 × 𝑏 +3 +4 = +12 2
( b) b (5)
( a) a (10)
+𝑎 × −𝑏 = −𝑎 × 𝑏 +3 −4 = −12 2
(b) b (5)
(a) a (10)
−𝑎 × +𝑏 = −𝑎 × 𝑏 −3 +4 = −12 2
( b) b (5)
(a ) a (10)
−𝑎 × −𝑏 = 𝑎 × 𝑏 −3 −4 = +12 2
(b) b (5)
Important Note
In practice, we can evaluate the product or quotient of directed numbers by looking at these two things
1) The sign of the product or quotient
2) The value of the product or quotient
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
1) Figuring out the sign of product and quotient
In multiplication and division, the number of negative signs can tell us the sign of the product or
quotient.
If there are odd number of negative sign in the multiplication, the sign of the product will be „−‟.
Meanwhile, if there are even number of negative sign in the multiplication, the sign of the product will
be „+‟.
For example in the expression −2 +3 (−3), there are 2 negative signs in the multiplication.
Therefore the sign of the product is “+”.
−2
There are 3 negative signs in ÷ (−4) × (−1.5), therefore the sign of the product is “−”.
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When evaluating the value of product and quotient, you can ignore the sign first by treating all
numbers as positive and then attach the “−” sign if necessary. For example when calculating
−2 +3 −3 , you can just multiply 2 × 3 × 3 = 18.
And then combine the sign and the value of the product, −2 +3 −3 = 18.
(2)(3) (2)(3)
2 + 3 +3
(2) (2)
(2) (2) 1 1
3 –
(3)(2) (3)(2) 3 3
(2)(3) (2)(3) 3 3
4 +
(1)(4) (1)(4) 2 2
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
Try These
1. Calculate the following expressions.
a. +3 × −2 b. 4 × −4
c. −9 × −5 d. −4 × −2
e. 80 ÷ −10 f. −216 ÷ −4
g. +7 ÷ 2 × (−6) h. −7 ÷ 2 × (−6)
i. + 7 2 ÷ − 2 3 × −6 j. −7.5 ÷ 3 × −6 − 4
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
k. 4 1 l.
− + ÷ 5 − −3 − 2 3 5
3 2 − ÷ − + −1 − −3 − 6
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Challenge
1. Calculate the following expressions.
a) −2.3 + 1.4 ÷ 3.3 − −1.2 b) 1 2 1
−2 −0.25 −12 ÷ − −
3 3 −4
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701 Directed Numbers & Number Line
c) 2 2 d) −0.5 −5 + −3.5 + −27 ÷ −6
−3 − 10 ÷ −2 −
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e) 2 5
− −5 + + −81 ÷ −3 + −2 −3.5
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