Couuntable and Ancountable Nouns

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Nouns: countable and uncountable

Nouns can be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be counted, e.g. an apple, two apples, three
apples, etc. Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, e.g. air, rice, water, etc. When you learn a new noun, you
should check if it is countable or uncountable and note how it is used in a sentence.

The grammar of countable nouns is difference than the grammar of noncountable nouns.

Countable nouns Uncountable nouns

For positive sentences: For positive sentences:

We use a/an for singular nouns: We use some

 There's a man at the door.  There's some milk in the fridge.

We use some for plurals: To show an increase in amount we can use a lot of/ lot of

 I have some friends in New York.  They have a lot of money.


 There is a lot of snow on the road.
To show an increase in amount we can use a lot of / lots
of:
To show that this amount is enough or more the expected.
 There are lots of apples on the trees. We use a bit of / or a little with uncountable nouns:
To show that this amount is enough or more than  There's a bit of milk left.
expected. We use a few with plural nouns:  It needs a little more work.

To show that we are talking about a small amount, not


enough or less than we expected. We use very little for
 I have a few ideas.
countable nouns:
To show that we are talking about a small amount. Often
 We have very little time.
when we feel this amount is not enough or less than we
 I have very little money.
expected. We use few for countable nouns:

 Few people came to the meeting.


 There are few places where you can still see
these birds.
* Note that you can use little without very, but it is less
common and sounds quite formal.

 She had little water.

For negatives: For negatives:


We can use a/an for singular nouns or any for plurals. We can use any
 I don't have a dog.  There isn't any coffee.
 There aren't any seats.
We can use also not much
We use not many with uncountable nouns.
 There's lots of juice but there isn't much water.

Questions: Questions:

In questions we use a/an, any or how many with In questions we use any or how much with uncountable
countable nouns.
nouns.

 Is there an email address to write to?


 Are there any chairs?
 How many chairs are there?  Is there any sugar?
 How much orange juice is there?

 But when we are offering something or asking for something, we normally use some.

 Do you want some chocolate?


 Can we have some more chairs, please?

 We also use some in a question when we think the answer will be 'yes'.

 Have you got some new glasses?

Other examples:

 Can you give me a bit of advice about shopping in this town.


 During the storm, quite a large number of trees were blown down.
 Have you brough that piece of equipment I asked for? The amplifier, I mean
 I have just given a great piece of news- I’ve passed my exams!
 Seb put a great deal of offer into organising the party.
 There were a large number of guests at the party. Judging by the amount of food that was eaten.

Here's a list of some uncountable nouns that we often use:

Advice Could you give me some advice?

Dust The old table was covered with dust.

Electricity Electricity runs through this wire.

Equipment Could you give me a list of the equipment we need for the trip?

Evidence What evidence is there against John?

Fog I could hardly see because of the thick fog.

Fun We had a lot of fun at the party.

Furniture I really need to buy some new furniture for my new flat.

Happiness How can we increase our happiness?

Help The teacher would like some help with moving the chairs.

Homework How much homework do you get?

Information Could you give me some information about things to do in London?


kKnowledge He has such a lot of knowledge about history.

Luck I need a bit of luck!

Luggage Please put leave all your luggage at the hotel and we'll pick it up later.

Money How much money do you have in your purse?

News The news is good! John has passed the exam!

Pasta I love pasta!

Progress We haven't made much progress on our project.

Research Julie is doing research in neuroscience.

Snow There's been a lot of snow this year.

Spaghetti Could we have spaghetti with meatballs?

Spinach She likes spinach with garlic.

Traffic Was there a lot of traffic in central London?

Vocabulary Vocabulary is very important in language learning.

Work Do you have any work to do this weekend?

Nouns which are always plural

Some nouns are always used in a plural form and with a plural verb. You can't count them in the normal way.
Sometimes you can use phrases like 'one pair of' or 'three pairs of' if you'd like to count them. Nouns like this are
often clothes, or tools that have two parts. Here's a list of words that are always plural:

Trousers My trousers are too long.

Tights I need to wear tights with this dress.

Shorts He bought some blue shorts.

Scissors There are three pairs of scissors in the drawer.

Tweezers Could you pass me those tweezers?

Binoculars She gave me some binoculars.

Glasses (for seeing better) I've lost my glasses!

Sunglasses My sunglasses are in my bag.

Clothes She put her clothes in the suitcase.

Belongings Whose belongings are these?

Congratulations Many congratulations!


Some nouns can be both countable and noncountable, but with a difference in meaning:

 They say it’s healthy to drink tea ( tea in general, uncountable)


 Would you like a tea (meaning: a cup of tea, countable)
 Living in a large house is a lot of work (work in general. Uncountable)
 This picture is a work of art (a particular work, countable)

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