A05c 0S 000060 - Aoz2261nqi 11
A05c 0S 000060 - Aoz2261nqi 11
A05c 0S 000060 - Aoz2261nqi 11
The device features multiple protection functions such as Selectable PFM light-load operation
VCC under-voltage lockout, cycle-by-cycle current limit, Ceramic capacitor stable
output over-voltage protection, short-circuit protection, Adjustable soft start
and thermal shutdown.
Ripple reduction
The AOZ2261NQI-11 is available in a 4mm×4mm QFN- Discharge Function
23L package and is rated over a -40°C to +85°C ambient Power Good output
temperature range. Integrated bootstrap diode
Adjustable cycle-by-cycle current limit
Short-circuit protection
Over-voltage protection
Thermal shutdown
Thermally enhanced 4mm x 4mm QFN-23L package
Applications
Portable computers
Compact desktop PCs
Servers
Graphics cards
Set-top boxes
LCD TVs
Cable modems
Point-of-load DC/DC converters
Telecom/Networking/Datacom equipment
Typical Application
RTON
INPUT
TON IN 2.7V to 28V
OCS C2
22µF
5V VCC ROCS
C5
R3 C4
100k 4.7µF AOZ2261NQI-11 0.1µF
BST
FB
MODE C3
88µF
R1
SS
AGND
CSS
PGND
POWER GROUND
ANALOG GROUND
Ordering Information
Part Number Ambient Temperature Range Package Environmental
AOZ2261NQI-11 -40°C to +85°C 23-Pin 4mm x 4mm QFN Green Product
AOS Green Products use reduced levels of Halogens, and are also RoHS compliant.
Please visit www.aosmd.com/media/AOSGreenPolicy.pdf for additional information.
Pin Configuration
OCS
VCC
BST
SS
LX
IN
22
21
20
19
18
23
PGOOD 1 17 LX
EN/DISCHG 2 16 LX
MODE 3 15 PGND
IN LX
AGND 4 14 PGND
FB 5 13 PGND
TON 6 12 PGND
11
10
7
9
8
IN
IN
LX
LX
IN
Pin Description
Pin Number Pin Name Pin Function
Power Good Signal Output. PGOOD is an open-drain output used to indicate the status
of the output voltage. It is internally pulled low when the output voltage is 15% lower than
1 PGOOD
the nominal regulation voltage or 50% higher than the nominal regulation voltage.
PGOOD is pulled low during soft-start and shut down.
Enable Input. The AOZ2261NQI-11 is enabled when EN is pulled high. The device shuts
down when EN is pulled low.
2 EN/DISCHG
Set voltage level higher/lower than discharge threshold when PGOOD pull high to
enable/disable output discharge function.
PFM Selection Input. Connect MODE pin to VCC for forced PWM operation. Connect
3 MODE
MODE pin to ground for PFM operation to improve light load efficiency.
4 AGND Analog Ground.
Feedback Input. Adjust the output voltage with a resistive voltage-divider between the
5 FB
regulator’s output and AGND.
6 TON On-Time Setting Input. Connect a resistor between VIN and TON to set the on time.
7, 8, 9, 22 IN Supply Input. IN is the regulator input. All IN pins must be connected together.
12, 13, 14, 15 PGND Power Ground.
10, 11, 16, 17, 18 LX Switching Node.
19 Current limitation level setting pin. Connect a resistor between OCS and GND to set over
OCS
current protection level. No capacitor is allowed between OCS and AGND.
Bootstrap Capacitor Connection. The AOZ2261NQI-11 includes an internal bootstrap
20 BST diode. Connect an external capacitor between BST and LX as shown in the Typical
Application diagram.
Supply Input for analog functions. Bypass VCC to AGND with a 4.7µF~10µF ceramic
21 VCC
capacitor. Place the capacitor close to VCC pin.
Soft-Start Time Setting Pin. Connect a capacitor between SS and AGND to set the
23 SS
soft-start time.
Electrical Characteristics
TA = 25°C, VIN = 12V, VCC = 5V, EN = 5V, unless otherwise specified. Specifications in BOLD indicate a temperature range of
-40°C to +85°C.
Electrical Characteristics
TA = 25°C, VIN = 12V, VCC = 5V, EN = 5V, unless otherwise specified. Specifications in BOLD indicate a temperature range of
-40°C to +85°C.
BST IN PGood
VCC
DISCHARGE
EN/DIS UVLO
TOFF_MIN
Reference Q PG Logic
& Bias Error Comp Timer
0.6V
SS S
Q
ISENSE R
(AC) FB LX
FB Decode
ILIM Comp
Current ISENSE
OCS + Information
Processing ISENSE (AC)
LX
Vcc
TON
OTP Q
Timer
MODE
PGND AGND
ILX
(5A/div) ILX
(5A/div)
VO ripple
(50mV/div)
VO ripple
(50mV/div)
VLX
(10V/div)
5µs/div 2ms/div
VLX
(20V/div) VLX
(20V/div)
EN
(5V/div)
ILX
ILX (10A/div)
(5A/div)
VO
(500mV/div) VO
(500mV/div)
1ms/div 50µs/div
80
70
Efficiency (%)
60
50
40
Vin = 6.5V
30
Vin = 12V
20
Vin = 19V
10 Vin = 24V
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
Output Current (A)
Detailed Description If CSS is 1nF, the soft-start time will be 120µs; if CSS is
3.6nF, the soft-start time will be 432µs.
The AOZ2261NQI-11 is a high-efficiency, easy-to-use,
synchronous buck regulator optimized for notebook
computers. The regulator is capable of supplying 8A of
VOUT
continuous output current with an output voltage
adjustable down to 0.6V. The programmable on-time
from 100ns to 2.6µs enables optimizing the configuration
VCC Level
for PCB area and efficiency.
VSS
Discharge threshold
= 1.5V
EN/DIS EN on threshold = 1.2V
EN off threshold = 0.9V
PGOOD
Dis_on
No PGOOD No PGOOD
Discharge One shot, Discharge One shot,
mode Discharge mode not Discharge
activated Mode keep activated Mode keep
activated disabled
Constant-On-Time PWM Control with Input Feed The constant-on-time PWM control architecture is a
Forward pseudo-fixed frequency with input voltage feed-forward.
The control algorithm of AOZ2261NQI-11 is constant-on- The internal circuit of AOZ2261NQI-11 sets the on-time
time PWM Control with input feed-forward. of high-side switch inversely proportional to the IN.
IN
FB Voltage/
AC Current Information
–
PWM Programmable
One-Shot Comp
+ 0.6V
An external resistor between the IN and TON pin sets the True Current Mode Control
switching on-time according to the following curves: The constant-on-time control scheme is intrinsically
unstable if output capacitor’s ESR is not large enough as
an effective current-sense resistor. Ceramic capacitors
usually can not be used as output capacitor.
Current-Limit Protection
The AOZ2261NQI-11 has the current-limit protection by
using RDS(ON) of the low-side MOSFET to be as current
sensing. To detect real current information, a minimum
constant off (300ns typical) is implemented after a
constant on time. If the current exceeds the current-limit
threshold, the PWM controller is not allowed to initiate a
new cycle. The actual peak current is greater than the
current-limit threshold by an amount equal to the inductor
ripple current. Therefore, the exact current-limit
characteristic and maximum load capability are a
function of the inductor value and input and output
voltages. The current limit will keep the low-side
MOSFET on and will not allow another high-side on-time,
until the current in the low-side MOSFET reduces below
the current limit.
Figure 4. TON vs. RTON Curves
Current-Limit Setting
A further simplified equation will be:
The current-limit threshold mentioned in last paragraph
V OUT V 6 can be set by connecting a resistor between OCS pin
F SW kHz = ------------------------------------------------ 10 (3) and ground. The value of the current limit resistor (ROCS)
V IN V T ON ns
can be calculated according to the equation below. A
capacitor from OCS pin to ground would impact the
If VOUT is 1.05V, VIN is 19V, and set FS = 500kHz. current limit accuracy and is not allowed.
According to equation 3, TON = 110ns is needed. Finally,
use the TON to RTON curve, we can find out RTON is I L_LIMIT A = 0.909 R OCS k (4)
82k.
As shown in Figure 5, once the magnitude of switch node
This algorithm results in a nearly constant switching
voltage VLX is larger than VOCS, over current signal is
frequency despite the lack of a fixed-frequency clock
triggered. The larger ROCS is, the higher over current
generator.
threshold will be. Section Current-Limit Protection
describes the action when over current condition
happens.
Application Information
The basic AOZ2261NQI-11 application circuit is shown in
page 2. Component selection is explained below.
IREF
Input Capacitor
OCS
The input capacitor must be connected to the IN pins and
OCL signal PGND pin of the AOZ2261NQI-11 to maintain steady
ROCS
input voltage and filter out the pulsing input current. A
small decoupling capacitor, usually 4.7µF, should be
LX = -IL x RDS(ON) connected to the VCC pin and AGND pin for stable
operation of the AOZ2261NQI-11. The voltage rating of
GND
OCL level ROCS input capacitor must be greater than maximum input
voltage plus ripple voltage.
Figure 5. Illustration of Current Limit Setting The input ripple voltage can be approximated by
equation below:
Output Voltage Under-Voltage Protection
IO VO VO
If the output voltage is lower than 50% by over-current or V IN = ----------------- 1 – --------- --------- (5)
short circuit, AOZ2261NQI-11 will wait for 32µs (typical) f C IN V IN V IN
and turns-off both high-side and low-side MOSFETs and
latches off. Only when triggered, the enable can restart Since the input current is discontinuous in a buck
the AOZ2261NQI-11 again. converter, the current stress on the input capacitor is
another concern when selecting the capacitor. For a buck
Output Voltage Over-Voltage Protection circuit, the RMS value of input capacitor current can be
The threshold of OVP is set 50% higher than 0.6V. When calculated by:
the VFB voltage exceeds the OVP threshold, high-side
MOSFET is turn-off and low-side MOSFETs is turn-on VO VO
I CIN_RMS = I O --------- 1 – --------- (6)
1µs, then latch-off. V IN V IN
Power Good Output
if let m equal the conversion ratio:
The power good (PGOOD) output, which is an open
drain output, requires the pull-up resistor. When the VO
output voltage is 15% below the nominal regulation --------
- = m (7)
V IN
voltage, the PGOOD is pulled low. When the output
voltage is 50% higher than the nominal regulation
voltage, the PGOOD is also pull low. The relation between the input capacitor RMS current
and voltage conversion ratio is calculated and shown in
When combined with the under-voltage-protection circuit, Figure 6. It can be seen that when VO is half of VIN, CIN is
this current limit method is effective in almost every under the worst current stress. The worst current stress
circumstance. on CIN is 0.5 x IO.
0
0 0.5 1
m
For reliable operation and best performance, the input Output Capacitor
capacitors must have current rating higher than ICIN-RMS The output capacitor is selected based on the DC output
at worst operating conditions. Ceramic capacitors are voltage rating, output ripple voltage specification and
preferred for input capacitors because of their low ESR ripple current rating.
and high ripple current rating. Depending on the
application circuits, other low ESR tantalum capacitor or The selected output capacitor must have a higher rated
aluminum electrolytic capacitor may also be used. When voltage specification than the maximum desired output
selecting ceramic capacitors, X5R or X7R type dielectric voltage including ripple. De-rating needs to be
ceramic capacitors are preferred for their better considered for long term reliability.
temperature and voltage characteristics. Note that the
Output ripple voltage specification is another important
ripple current rating from capacitor manufactures is
factor for selecting the output capacitor. In a buck con-
based on certain amount of life time. Further de-rating
verter circuit, output ripple voltage is determined by
may be necessary for practical design requirement.
inductor value, switching frequency, output capacitor
Inductor value, and ESR. It can be calculated by the equation
below;
The inductor is used to supply constant current to output
when it is driven by a switching voltage. For given input 1
V O = I L ESR CO + ------------------------- (10)
and output voltage, inductance and switching frequency 8fC O
together decide the inductor ripple current, which is:
where CO is output capacitor value and ESRCO is the
VO VO Equivalent Series Resistor of output capacitor.
I L = ----------- 1 – --------- (8)
fL V IN When a low ESR ceramic capacitor is used as output
capacitor, the impedance of the capacitor at the
The peak inductor current is: switching frequency dominates. Output ripple is mainly
caused by capacitor value and inductor ripple current.
I L The output ripple voltage calculation can be simplified to:
I Lpeak = I O + -------- (9)
2 1
V O = I L ------------------------- (11)
8fC O
High inductance gives low inductor ripple current but
requires larger size inductor to avoid saturation. Low
If the impedance of ESR at switching frequency
ripple current reduces inductor core losses. It also
dominates, the output ripple voltage is mainly decided by
reduces RMS current through inductor and switches,
capacitor ESR and inductor ripple current. The output
which results in less conduction loss. Usually, peak to
ripple voltage calculation can be further simplified to:
peak ripple current on inductor is designed to be 30% to
50% of output current.
V O = I L ESR CO
When selecting the inductor, make sure it is able to (12)
handle the peak current without saturation even at the For lower output ripple voltage across the entire
highest operating temperature. operating temperature range, X5R or X7R dielectric type
of ceramic, or other low ESR tantalum are recommended
The inductor takes the highest current in a buck circuit. to be used as output capacitors.
The conduction loss on inductor needs to be checked for
thermal and efficiency requirements. In a buck converter, output capacitor current is
continuous. The RMS current of output capacitor is
Surface mount inductors in different shape and styles are decided by the peak to peak inductor ripple current.
available from Coilcraft, Elytone and Murata. Shielded It can be calculated by:
inductors are small and radiate less EMI noise. But they I L
cost more than unshielded inductors. The choice I CO_RMS = ---------- (13)
depends on EMI requirement, price and size. 12
Thermal Management and Layout The power dissipation of inductor can be approximately
Consideration calculated by DCR of inductor and output current.
In the AOZ2261NQI-11 buck regulator circuit, high P inductor_loss = IO2 R inductor 1.1 (15)
pulsing current flows through two circuit loops. The first
loop starts from the input capacitors, to the VIN pin, to
The actual junction temperature can be calculated with
the LX pins, to the filter inductor, to the output capacitor
power dissipation in the AOZ2261NQI-11 and thermal
and load, and then return to the input capacitor through
impedance from junction to ambient.
ground. Current flows in the first loop when the high side
switch is on. The second loop starts from inductor, to the T junction = P total_loss – P inductor_loss JA +TA
output capacitors and load, to the low side switch.
Current flows in the second loop when the low side (16)
switch is on.
The maximum junction temperature of AOZ2261NQI-11
In PCB layout, minimizing the two loops area reduces the is 150ºC, which limits the maximum load current
noise of this circuit and improves efficiency. A ground capability.
plane is strongly recommended to connect input
The thermal performance of the AOZ2261NQI-11 is
capacitor, output capacitor, and PGND pin of the
strongly affected by the PCB layout. Extra care should be
AOZ2261NQI-11.
taken by users during design process to ensure that the
In the AOZ2261NQI-11 buck regulator circuit, the major IC will operate under the recommended environmental
power dissipating components are the AOZ2261NQI-11 conditions.
and the output inductor. The total power dissipation of
converter circuit can be measured by input power minus
output power.
P total_loss = V IN I IN – V O I O (14)
Layout Considerations
Several layout tips are listed below for the best electric
and thermal performance.
1. The LX pins and pad are connected to internal low 5. Voltage divider R1 and R2 should be placed as close
side switch drain. They are low resistance thermal as possible to FB and AGND.
conduction path and most noisy switching node. 6. RTON should be connected as close as possible to
Connect a large copper plane to LX pin to help Pin 6 (TON pin).
thermal dissipation.
7. A ground plane is preferred.
2. The IN pins and pad are connected to internal high
side switch drain. They are also low resistance 8. Keep sensitive signal traces such as feedback trace
thermal conduction path. Connect a large copper far away from the LX pins.
plane to IN pins to help thermal dissipation. 9. Pour copper plane on all unused board area and
3. Input capacitors should be connected to the IN pin connect it to stable DC nodes, like VIN, GND or
and the PGND pin as close as possible to reduce the VOUT.
switching spikes. 10. The current limit resistor (ROCS) should be connected
4. Decoupling capacitor CVCC should be connected to as close as possible to Pin 19 (OCS). Place three GND
VCC and AGND as close as possible. vias to connect to inner ground layer. Keep distance
between Rocs and Lx plane.
AGND
VOUT
PGOOD
MODE
AGND
TON
EN
FB
GND
6
IN 7 23 SS
IN 8 22 IN
IN
IN 9 21 VCC
VIN
20 BST GND
LX 10 19 OCS
LX
LX 11 18 LX
12 PGND
13 PGND
14 PGND
15 PGND
16 LX
17 LX
PGND
VOUT
Option 1
UNIT: mm
NOTE
1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION IS MILLIMETER.
CONVERTED INCH DIMENSIONS ARE NOT NECESSARILY EXACT.
2. TOLERANCE :±0.05 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
3. RADIUS ON ALL CORNER ARE 0.152 MAX., UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED.
4. PACKAGE WARPAGE: 0.012 MAX.
5. NO ANY PLASTIC FLASH ALLOWED ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM LEAD SURFACE.
6. PAD PLANARITY: ±0.102
7. CRACK BETWEEN PLASTIC BODY AND LEAD IS NOT ALLOWED.
Part Marking
AOZ2261NQI-11
(QFN 4x4)
ALNB
Part Number Code
YWLT
LEGAL DISCLAIMER
Alpha and Omega Semiconductor makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or
completeness of the information provided herein and takes no liabilities for the consequences of use of such
information or any product described herein. Alpha and Omega Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes
to such information at any time without further notice. This document does not constitute the grant of any intellectual
property rights or representation of non-infringement of any third party’s intellectual property rights.
ALPHA AND OMEGA SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL
COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS.
As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or 2. A critical component in any component of a life
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into support, device, or system whose failure to perform can
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life
failure to perform when properly used in accordance support device or system, or to affect its safety or
with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be effectiveness.
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of
the user.