Communication Theory I

Midterm Exam.
November 18, 2022
1. (4%) Sketch the double-sided amplitude and phase spectra of 6 sin(8⇡t + ⇡/6) + 8 sin(6⇡t + ⇡/4).
2. (6%) Classify each of the following signals as an energy signal or a power
⇣ signal
⌘ by calculating
3t P1 t 4n
the energy or the power. (a) 4 cos(6⇡t + 2⇡/3) (b) e u( t) (c) n= 1 ⇤ 2 .
1
X 1
X
3. (4%) If x(t) has the Fourier series x(t) = Xn ej2⇡nf0 t and y(t) = x(t + t0 ) = Yn ej2⇡nf0 t ,
n= 1 n= 1
express Yn in terms of Xn .
4. (5%) Find the Fourier transform of ⇧(t 3) exp[j6⇡(t 3)] + ⇧(t + 3) exp[j6⇡(t + 3)].
6t
5. (6%) Find the energy spectral density of the following signals. (a) 5e u(t) (b) 2⇧(4t).
6. (4%) Without actually computing the Fourier transforms of the following time functions, tell
which ones should be real and even functions of f and which ones should be imaginary and odd
functions of f . Explain your reasons. (a) ⇧(t/4) ⇤(t/2) (b) ⇤(2t)sgn(t).
7. (4%) Find the power spectral density and the autocorrelation function of 4 cos(30⇡t + ⇡/5).
fQ f Q
8.
(
(4%) A filter has amplitude response |H(f )| = 2 ( 100 ) + ( 200 ) and phase response ✓(f ) =
⇡
300
f, |f | < 150
. Find the output for each of the inputs given below. For which cases is
0, elsewhere
the transmission distortion? Is it amplitude or phase distortion? (a) cos(120⇡t) + 2 cos(180⇡t) (b)
2 cos(80⇡t) + cos(140⇡t).
P
9. (5%) For a signal x(t), the sampled waveform is x (t) = x(t) ⇥ 1 n= 1 (t nTs ). Consider the
Q
filter with the impulse response function h(t) = [(t 12 ⌧ )/⌧ ] (⌧ << Ts ) whose input signal is x (t)
and output signal is y(t). (a) Find the spectrum of the output, Y (f ), in terms of the spectrum of
the input, X(f ). (3%) (b) Determine the relationship between ⌧ and the bandwidth of X(f ), W ,
required to minimize distortion in the recovered waveform. (2%)
10. (6%) Given the bandpass signal spectrum X(f ) = ⇧( f B 2.5B
) + ⇧( f +2.5B
B
), sketch spectra for the
following sampling rates fs and indicate which ones are suitable: (a) 2B (b) 3B (c) 5B.
Q
11. (4%) Assume that the Fourier transform of x(t) is X(f ) = A (f /2W ). Determine the spectrum
of the signal [ 34 x(t) 14 j x̂(t)]ej⇡W t .
12. (4%) Assume that a DSB signal xc (t) = m(t) cos(2⇡fc t + ) is demodulated using the demodu-
lation carrier 2 cos(2⇡fc t + ✓). Derive the demodulated output yD (t).
P 2(t 0.5Ts nTs )
13. (5%) The periodic signal 2K 1 n= 1 ⇤( Ts
) K is applied to an AM modulator.
Determine the modulation efficiency for a = 0.7.
14. (4%) An AM modulator has output xc (t) = 20 cos(300⇡t) + 4 cos(340⇡t) + 4 cos(260⇡t). Deter-
mine the modulation index.
15. (6%) Consider the demodulation of an SSB signal by carrier reinsertion. (a) Plot the block
diagram. (b) Should the locally generated carrier be phase coherent with the original modulation
carrier? Explain the reason.
16. (4%) The bandwidth of the message signal m(t) is W and the signal m(t) cos(2⇡fc t) is sent
 8
>
< 2, |f | > fc + a
into a filter whose transfer function is H(f ) = > a1 (|f | fc + a), fc a  |f |  fc + a where
:
0, |f | < fc a
0 < a < W . The transmitted signal is the output of this filter. (a) What is the bandwidth of
the transmitted signal? (b) The coherent DSB demodulator is used at the receiver. What is the
demodulated signal?
17. (2%) In a superheterodyne receiver, the frequency of the local oscillator is 1400 kHz. If the
image frequency is 950 kHz, what is the carrier frequency?
18. (5%) Consider AM signal [Ac + m(t)] cos !c t with m(t) = Am cos !m t. There is an interference
signal Ai cos(!c + !i )t. Derive the demodulated output (by approximation) if Ai >> Ac .
19. (3%) Consider the PAM signal with the width ⌧ and the period Ts . What is the restriction if
the receiver is only an ideal LPF?
h R i
20. (10%) An FM modulator has output xc (t) = 80 cos 2⇡fc t + 2⇡fd t m(↵)d↵ where fd = 16
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Hz/V. Assume that m(t) is the rectangular pulse 2 [ 16 (t 3)]. (a) Sketch the phase deviation in
radians. (b) Sketch the frequency deviation in hertz. (c) Determine the peak frequency deviation
in hertz. (d) Determine the peak phase deviation in radians. (e) Determine the power at the
modulator output.
21. (5%) An FM modulator has fc = 1500 Hz and fd = 20 Hz/V. The modulator has input
m(t) = 10 cos 20⇡t. (a) What is the modulation index? (3%) (b) Is this narrowband FM? Why?
(2%)
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