Environmental Science

1 of 2 sets

1. In an ecotone, the species which become abundant are called:

A. Edge species
B. Keystone species
C. Endemic species
D. Foster species
Answer:A

2. The objective of Environment studies is

A. Raise consciousness about environment conditions
B. To teach environmentally appropriate behavior
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C. Create an environmental ethic sensitive society
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D. All of the above
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Answer:D a
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3. Which of the following is not influenced by human activities?
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A. Destruction of mangroves and wetlands
B. Depletion of ground water
C. Increased extinction rate of species
D. None of the above
Answer:D

4. Which of the following is management option for air pollution?

A. Regulations and standards
B. Transport planning
C. Using CNG as fuel
D. All of these
Answer:D

5. Development activities on the hydrosphere cause

A. Air pollution
 B. Soil pollution
C. Water pollution
D. Soil erosion
Answer:C

6. The species restricted to be present in one region are called

A. Edge species
B. Endemic species
C. Endangered species
D. Keystone species
Answer:B

7. The basic requirements of human beings are provided by

A. Industrialization
B. Agriculture
C. Nature
D. Urbanization
Answer:C

8. Environment is the life support system that includes

A. Air
B. Water
C. Land
D. All of the above
Answer:D

9. The term ‘Environment’ has been derived from the French word which means
to encircle or surround
A. Environ
B. Oikos
C. Geo
D. Aqua
Answer:A

10. Biosphere is
A. The solid shell of inorganic materials on the surface of the earth

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 B. The thin shell of organic matter on the surface of the earth comprising of all the living things
C. The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres
D. All the above
Answer:B

11. Atmosphere consists of 79 percent Nitrogen and 21 percent Oxygen by

A. Volume
B. Weight
C. Density
D. All of these
Answer:B

12. The word ‘Environment’ is derived from

A. Greek
B. French
C. Spanish
D. English
Answer:B

13. Which among the following is a climatic factor?

A. pressure
B. humidity
C. temperature
D. all of the above
Answer:D

14. World environment day is on:

A. 5th May
B. 5th June
C. 18th July
D. 16th August
Answer:B

15. Which of the following are major environmental issues involved in mining?
A. air pollution

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 B. water pollution
C. soil degradation
D. all of the above
Answer:D

16. Sustainable development means

A. meeting present needs without compromising on future needs
B. progress of human beings
C. balance between human needs and the ability of earth to provide the resources
D. all of the above
Answer:C

17. The most important remedy to avoid negative impact due to industrialization is
A. industry should be closed
B. don’t allow new industrial units
C. industry should treat all the wastes generated by it before disposal
D. industries should be shifted far away from human habitats
Answer:C

18. Sustainable development will not aim at

A. Social economic development which optimizes the economic and social benefits available in
the present, without spoiling the likely potential for similar benefits in the future
B. Reasonable and equally distributed level of economic well-being that can be perpetuated
continually
C. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future
generations to meet their own needs
D. Maximizing the present day benefits through increased resource consumption
Answer:C

19. The adverse effect of modern agriculture is

A. Water pollution
B. Soil degradation
C. Water logging
D. All of the above
Answer:B

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20. Soil erosion removes surface soil which contains
A. Organic matter
B. Plant nutrients
C. Both a and b
D. none of the above
Answer:A

21. Water logging is a phenomenon in which

A. Crop patterns are rotated
B. Soil root zone becomes saturated due to over irrigation
C. Erosion of soil
D. None of the above
Answer:B

22. The impact of construction of dams

A. Submerged forest
B. Loss of wild life habitat
C. Damages downstream ecosystem
D. All of the above
Answer:D

23. What would you do to prevent environmental damage

A. Plant trees
B. Halt deforestation
C. Control pollution
D. All of the above
Answer:D

24. Environmental impact assessment

A. is the study of feasibility of a project
B. is a study of bio-physical characteristics of the environment that may result from a human
action
C. Both a and b
D. None of the above
Answer:B

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25. Which of the following is the most environmental friendly agricultural
practice?
A. Using chemical fertilizers
B. Using insecticides
C. Organic farming
D. None of the above
Answer:C

26. A herbivore is also known as a

A. Producer
B. First order consumer
C. Second order consumer.
D. Third order consumer
Answer:B

27. A product of photosynthesis is

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Oxygen
D. Chlorophyll
Answer:C

28. Primary source of energy in a food web is/are

A. Green plants
B. Sun
C. Inorganic nutrients
D. Animals
Answer:B

29. A group of living organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at the
same time refers to a
A. Community
B. Species
C. Population
D. Consumers

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Answer:C

30. Which of these organisms has a diet consisting only of plant matter
A. Omnivores
B. Carnivores
C. Herbivores
D. Insectivores
Answer:C

31. The true end of any food chain is the

A. Decomposer
B. Predator
C. Consumer
D. Human
Answer:A

32. The second trophic level in a lake is

A. Phytoplankton
B. Zooplanktons
C. Fishes
D. Benthos
Answer:B

33. Which of the following can act as a pioneer species in a xerach succession
A. Lichens
B. Humans
C. Herbs
D. Animals
Answer:A

34. Energy flow in an ecosystem is

A. Bidirectional
B. Unidirectional
C. Multidirectional
D. All rounds

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Answer:B

35. Which of the following is an example of a man-made ecosystem

A. Tissue culture
B. Herbarium
C. Aquarium
D. Forest
Answer:C

36. Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always

A. Inverted
B. Upright
C. Linear
D. Irregular
Answer:B

37. If in a population, natality is balanced by mortality, then there will be

A. Decrease in population growth
B. Increase in population growth
C. Zero population growth
D. Over population
Answer:C

38. In a pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystems, the largest population is that

of
A. Herbivores
B. Primary consumers
C. Secondary consumer
D. Producers
Answer:A

39. Which of these belong to the category of primary consumers in grazing food
chain
A. snakes and frogs
B. Insects and cattle
C. Eagle and snakes

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 D. Cow and rabbit
Answer:D

40. The pyramid of energy is always upright for any ecosystem, this situation
indicates that
A. Herbivores have better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores
B. Producers have the lowest energy conversion efficiency
C. Carnivores have a better energy conversion efficacy than herbivores
D. Energy conversion efficiency is same at all trophic levels
Answer:D

41. Which of the ecological pyramid is always upright

A. Pyramid of numbers
B. Pyramid of biomass
C. Pyramid of energy
D. All of the above
Answer:C

42. Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle

A. Nitrogen cycle
B. Carbon cycle
C. Sulphur cycle
D. Phosphorus cycle
Answer:D

43. Deserts, grasslands, forests and tundra regions are the examples of
A. Biomes
B. Biogeographically regions
C. Ecosystems
D. Biospheres
Answer:C

44. The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

A. Lake
B. Pond
C. Grasslands

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 D. Forests
Answer:D

45. The final stable community in ecological succession is

A. Climax
B. Pioneer
C. Sere
D. Carnivores
Answer:A

46. Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any given time is called
A. Standing state
B. Standing crop
C. Humus
D. Detritus
Answer:B

47. Hydrarch succession takes place in

A. Dry areas
B. Bare area
C. Wetter areas
D. None of the above
Answer:C

48. Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

A. Oil
B. Coal
C. Natural gas
D. All of the above
Answer:B

49. Which of the following is not an inexhaustible form of energy?

A. Water
B. Wind
C. Solar

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 D. Fossil
Answer:C

50. Biogas contains mainly

A. Methane
B. Propane
C. Butane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer:A

51. The burning of fossil fuels releases a large amount of

A. Nitrogen into air
B. Sulphur into air
C. Carbon dioxide into air
D. Oxygen into air
Answer:B

52. A poisonous gas given out of a vehicle exhaust is

A. Methane
B. Ethane
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Carbon monoxide
Answer:D

53. The purest form of coal is

A. Anthracite
B. Lignite
C. Peat
D. Bitumen
Answer:C

54. Which one of the following is used as a refrigerant?

A. Freon
B. Teflon
C. Ethanol

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 D. Benzol
Answer:A

55. Loss of forest has led to

A. Erosion of fertile soil
B. Global warming
C. Loss of habitat of plants and animals
D. All of the above
Answer:D

56. What are the consequences of excessive mining in an area?

A. Air and water pollution
B. Deforestation
C. Migration of large numbers of population
D. All of the above
Answer:D

57. Resources which are directly derived from nature are referred to as
A. Organic resources
B. Natural resources
C. Manmade resources
D. None of the above
Answer:B

58. Resources that take too long a period of time to be used as a resource are called
as
A. Renewable resource
B. Non-renewable resource
C. Exhaustible resource
D. Inexhaustible resource
Answer:D

59. The fossil fuel that is derived from the dead remains of plants that grew some
250 million years ago is
A. Petroleum
B. Natural gas

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 C. Coal
D. LPG
Answer:C

60. A resource that cannot be replaced in a reasonably short time is usually

referred to as
A. Renewable
B. Non-renewable
C. Natural
D. Man made
Answer:B

61. Manmade resources are alternative to natural resources for a variety of

reasons. Which of these would not be one of those?
A. They increase variety and choice
B. They are cheaper to produce than natural resources
C. They are made from renewable resources
D. They are better suited for the purpose for which they will be used
Answer:C

62. Which of these is not a fossil fuel?

A. Coal
B. Oil
C. Natural gas
D. Uranium
Answer:D

63. A liquid fuel that was formed from the ancient remains of sea plants and
animals is
A. Natural gas
B. Petroleum
C. Geothermal energy
D. Coal
Answer:B

64. Energy in the rays from the sun is called

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 A. Solar energy
B. Wind energy
C. Tidal energy
D. Water energy
Answer:A

65. Which is a list of renewable resources?

A. Petroleum, geothermal, wind
B. Biomass, geothermal, hydropower
C. Natural gas, wind, biomass
D. Hydropower, solar, wind energy
Answer:D

66. Energy from the heat inside the earth is

A. Natural gas
B. Geothermal
C. Petroleum
D. Terrathermal
Answer:B

67. A coal deposit that is not economical to mine today would be considered part of
our ___________
A. Coal reserves
B. Coal resources
C. Coal reservoirs
D. None of these
Answer:A

68. Which out of the following are the causes of soil erosion?
A. Unrestricted grazing
B. Over cultivation
C. Deforestation
D. All of the above
Answer:D

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69. The process of restoring forests that once existed but was removed at some time
in the past is known as
A. Afforestation
B. Reforestation
C. Deforestation
D. None of these
Answer:B

70. Red data book contains data of

A. All plant species
B. All animal species
C. Threatened species
D. Economically important species
Answer:C

71. IUCN Headquarters is at

A. Morges, Switzerland
B. Paris, France
C. Vienna, Austria
D. New York, USA
Answer:A

72. Which of the following regions has the maximum diversity?

A. Mangroves
B. Temperate forest
C. Taiga
D. Coral reefs
Answer:D

73. The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is

A. Habitat pollution
B. Over exploitation
C. Habitat destruction
D. Introduction of exotic species
Answer:C

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74. Dodo is
A. Endangered species
B. Rare species
C. Extinct species
D. Exotic species
Answer:C

75. Blue whale is placed under

A. Endangered
B. Rare
C. Extinct
D. Exotic
Answer:A

76. Conservation within the natural habitat is

A. Ex-situ conservation
B. In-situ conservation
C. Ex-vivo conservation
D. In-vivo conservation
Answer:B

77. Which one of the following is not included under in situ conservation?
A. Zoo
B. National Park
C. Wild life Sanctuary
D. Biosphere Reserve
Answer:A

78. Ex-situ conservation includes

A. Zoo
B. Botanical Garden
C. Germplasm Bank
D. All of the above
Answer:D

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79. Hotspots are regions of high
A. Rareism
B. Endemism
C. Diversity
D. Critically endangered population
Answer:C

80. Endemic species are

A. Rare species
B. Species localized in a specific region
C. Cosmopolitan in distribution
D. None of these
Answer:B

81. Which one of the following has the maximum genetic diversity in India?
A. Tea
B. Teak
C. Mango
D. Wheat
Answer:C

82. Which one of the following regions in India is a hotspot of biodiversity?

A. Sundarbans
B. Western Ghats
C. Eastern Ghats
D. Gangetic plains
Answer:B

83. Darwin’s finches are a good example of

A. Convergent evolution
B. Adaptive radiation
C. Connecting link
D. Industrial melanism
Answer:B

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84. Which group of vertebrates comprises of highest number of species
A. Mammals
B. Fishes
C. Reptiles
D. Birds
Answer:B

85. 5th June is observed as

A. World environment day
B. World forest day
C. World population day
D. World wildlife day
Answer:A

86. The unfavorable alteration of environment by human activities is termed as

A. Ecological disturbance
B. Ecological degradation
C. Pollution
D. Catastrophe
Answer:B

87. Biogas contains mainly

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Methane
C. Butane
D. Propane
Answer:B

88. Main source of acid rain is

A. Sulphur dioxide
B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Carbon monoxide
Answer:A

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89. Treated water can be disinfected by adding
A. Alum
B. Fluorine
C. Chlorine
D. Oxygen
Answer:C

90. The burning of fossil fuels releases large amount of

A. Nitrogen
B. Sulphur
C. Carbon
D. Hydrogen
Answer:B

91. Which of the following does not causes air pollution when used for heating
purposes
A. Coal
B. Petrol
C. Kerosene
D. Solar energy
Answer:D

92. A pH of rainwater is
A. 5-6
B. 6-7
C. 7-8
D. 8-9
Answer:A

93. A poisonous gas given out of vehicles exhaust is

A. Carbon monoxide
B. Ethane
C. Methane
D. Carbon dioxide
Answer:A

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94. A common bactericide used in swimming pools is
A. Chlorine
B. Alum
C. Borax
D. DDT
Answer:A

95. Greenhouse effect is linked to

A. Nitrogen oxides
B. Sulphur dioxides
C. Carbon dioxides
D. Carbon monoxides
Answer:C

96. Disposable glasses and plates are made up of

A. PVC
B. Polystyrene
C. Polyvinyl alcohol
D. Polypropylene
Answer:D

97. Aerosols consisting of solid particles produced by combustion

A. Fog
B. Smog
C. Smoke
D. None of these
Answer:B

98. Which of the following are consequences of ozone depletion

A. Skin cancer and cataract
B. Reduced growth in plants
C. Shortening of zooplanktons and their breeding period
D. All of the above
Answer:A

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99. Which out of the following is a measure to control air pollution
A. Reduction in use of fossil fuels
B. Increasing use of renewable energy resources
C. Using catalytic convertors in vehicles
D. All of the above
Answer:D

100. The discharge of warm/hot water directly into rivers is known as

A. Water pollution
B. Thermal pollution
C. Marine pollution
D. None of the above
Answer:B

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