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Learning Activity Sheet 2:

Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal
Line and Parallelism and
Perpendicularity
Joyce A. Somogod
Larra Mae S. Soriano
Writers

Joven V. Felongco
Evaluator
Name: Section:_____________________Date:_____________

Lesson 1: Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal

Competency: Proves properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal

Reference : https://www.slideshare.net/smiller5/263-congruent-triangle-proofs
https://www.ck12.org/geometry/properties-of-equality-and-
congruence/lesson/Properties-of-Equality-and-Congruence-BSC-GEOM/
https://www.slideshare.net/vbdeocampo/congruent-triangles-65496725
http://sites.isdschools.org/bjones/useruploads/geometry/Congruent%20Triangles%20Pr
oof%20Worksheet.pdf
Material Needed: Sheet of paper/Folder for the compilation of the Learning Activity Sheets of every
subjects/ Learning Activity Sheet

Concept Digest

REVIEW!!! (Vocabulary Check)

Parallel lines are equidistant lines (lines having equal distance from each other) that will never meet.

These are some examples of parallel lines in different directions: horizontally, diagonally, and vertically.
Another important fact about parallel lines: they share the same direction.

Transversal is a line, ray, or segment that intersects 2 or more coplanar lines, rays, or segments.
Interior – the space INSIDE the two lines

Exterior – the space OUTSIDE the two lines

Supplementary angles are two angles whose measure have a sum of 180°.
Vertical angles are two nonadjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines.

Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal

When a transversal line cuts two lines, the properties below will help us determine whether the lines
are parallel.

1. ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES are two non-adjacent interior angles on opposite sides of the
transversal.

1
2 ∠1 ≅ ∠2

2. ALTERNATE EXTERIOR ANGLES are two non-adjacent exterior angles on opposite sides of the
transversal.

∠3 ≅ ∠4
4

3. SAME-SIDE INTERIOR ANGLES are two interior angles on the same side of the transversal.

1
∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦
5
𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠5 = 180°
4. SAME-SIDE EXTERIOR ANGLES are two exterior angles on the same side of the transversal.

6
∠4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠6 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦

𝑚∠4 + 𝑚∠6 = 180°

4

5. CORRESPONDING ANGLES are two non-adjacent on the same side of the transversal such that
one is an exterior and the other is an interior angle.

5
∠3 ≅ ∠5

It’s Your Turn

A. Explain why s || t and c || d. Give a reason for each answer.

1. ∠3 ≅ ∠1 ________________
2. ∠6 ≅ ∠1 ________________
3. ∠8 ≅ ∠1 ________________
4. ∠9 ≅ ∠1 ________________
5. ∠14 ≅ ∠1 ________________
6. ∠11 ≅ ∠9 ≅ ∠1 ________________
7. ∠16 ≅ ∠14 ≅ ∠1 ________________
8. ∠13 ≅ ∠1 ________________
9. ∠7 ≅ ∠11 ________________
10. ∠5 ≅ ∠10 ________________
 Assessment

DIRECTION: Read the question or statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write
it on the space provided before each number.

_________1. Using the figure below, if p ∥ q and t is a transversal, then which of the following are
corresponding angles?
A. ∠4 and ∠6, ∠3 and ∠5
p
B. ∠1 and ∠7, ∠2 and ∠8
C. ∠1 and ∠5, ∠2 and ∠6
D. ∠4 and ∠5, ∠3 and ∠6 q

________2. Using the figure below, which of the following guarantees that m || n?
A. ∠1 ≅ ∠7
B. ∠3 ≅ ∠5
C. ∠4 ≅ ∠5
D. ∠4 ≅ ∠7

_______3. Lines a and b are parallel cut by transversal m. If m∠2 = 85°, what is the measure of ∠6?
A. 80°
B. 85°
C. 95°
D. 100°

_______4. Which of the following term/s does not describe a pair of parallel lines?
A. Noncoplanar B. Coplanar C. Equidistant D. Same direction

_______5. Which of the following real-world examples do not represent a pair of parallel lines?
A. Hands of a clock
B. Windscreen wipers
C. Staircase and railings
D. Vertical strings of a tennis racket’s net

_______6. Lines d and e are parallel cut by transversal m. If m∠2 = 105°, what is the measure of ∠8?
A. 80°
B. 85° d
C. 100°
D. 105°
e

_______7. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the angles inside the parallel lines on the
same side of the transversal are supplementary.
A. Alternate Interior Angles
B. Corresponding Angles
C. Same-side Interior Angles
D. Same-side Exterior Angles
_______8. In the following figure of two intersecting lines, what is the measure of ∠2?

A. 38° B. 58° C. 71° D. 142°

_______9. Which of the following statements is ALWAYS TRUE when parallel lines are cut by a
transversal?
A. The sum of the degree measure of corresponding angles is 180°.
B. The sum of the degree measure of complementary angles is 180°.
C. Corresponding angles are supplementary.
D. Corresponding angles are congruent.

_______10. In the figure below of a parallel lines cut by a transversal, which angle is supplementary to
∠8?

A. ∠1
B. ∠2
C. ∠3
D. ∠4

Lesson: Parallelism and Perpendicularity

Competency: Determine the condition under which lines and segment are parallel or perpendicular
Reference : https://richardoco.weebly.com/uploads/1/9/7/2/19725327/module_9.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/salvz11/parallelism-and-perpendicularity
Material Needed: Sheet of paper/Folder for the compilation of the Learning Activity Sheets of every
subjects/ Learning Activity Sheet

Concept Digest

Parallelism

1. Two lines are parallel if and only if they are coplanar and they do not intersect. (m || n)
 2. A line that intersects two or more lines at different points is called a transversal.
a. The angles formed by the transversal with the two other lines are called:
• exterior angles (∠1, ∠2, ∠7 and ∠8)
• interior angles (∠3, ∠4, ∠5 and ∠6).

b. The pairs of angles formed by the transversal with the other two lines are called:
• corresponding angles (∠1 and ∠5, ∠2 and ∠6, ∠3 and ∠7, ∠4 and ∠8)
• alternate-interior angles (∠3 and ∠6, ∠4 and ∠5)
• alternate-exterior angles (∠1 and ∠8, ∠2 and ∠7)
• interior angles on the same side of the transversal (∠3 and ∠5, ∠4 and ∠6)
• exterior angles on the same side of the transversal (∠1 and ∠7, ∠2 and ∠8)

Perpendicularity

Two lines that intersect to form right angles are said to be perpendicular. This is not limited to lines only.
Segments and rays can also be perpendicular. A perpendicular bisector of a segment is a line or a ray or
another segment that is perpendicular to the segment and intersects the segment at its midpoint. The
distance between two parallel lines is the perpendicular distance between one of the lines and any point
on the other line.

The small rectangle drawn in the corner indicates “right angle”. Whereas, ⊥ is a symbol use to indicate
perpendicularity of lines as in XZ ⊥ PY.

EXAMPLE:

A. Refer on the figure below: If angle 1 = 145 degrees, find the other angles.
Answer:
1  145 (Given) 5  145 (Supplementary/Corresponding)
2  35 (Supplementary/Alternate 6  35 (Supplementary)
exterior/corresponding)
3  35 (Vertical angle/supplementary) 7  35 (Vertical angle/supplementary)
4  145 (Vertical angle/supplementary) 8  145 (Vertical angle/Supplementary)

B. Determine all sets of parallel and perpendicular lines in the figure below.

ANSWER:
PARALLEL PERPENDICULAR
AD II HE AD  BG
BG II CF AD  CF
HE  GB
HE  FC

C. Find x and mSAY .

Solution:

mRAS  mSAY  90

56⁰ + 3x – 2 = 90⁰

3x = 90 + 2 – 56

3x 36
=
3 3

x = 12

To solve for mSAY : by SUBSTITUTION

mSAY = 3x – 2
= 3(12) – 2
= 36 – 2
mSAY = 34⁰
 It’s Your Turn

A. AD  CF and F is the midpoint of AD. Determine whether each of the following is true or
false.

1. CF  FD

2. mCFD = 90⁰

3. 3  2

4. AFD  BFC  90

5. mEFD  mAFB

B. Answer the following.

1. MP II ______

2. NR  ______

3. If m14 = 35⁰, then m8 = ______

4. If measure angle 9 is equal to 100⁰, then what is measure angle 10?________

5. If measure angle 20 is 2x + 3 and measure angle 19 is equal to 120, what is the value of
x?
__________
 Assessment
DIRECTION: Read the question or statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write
it on the space provided before each number.

______ 1. Two lines that intersect to form right angles are said to be _______.
A. Parallel lines B. Perpendicular lines C. Intersecting lines D.
Collinear

______ 2. Two straight lines in a plane that do not intersect at any point is called _______.
A. Parallel lines B. Perpendicular lines C. Intersecting lines D.
Collinear

For numbers 3 – 10, refer to the illustration below:

_____ 3. In the figure, which of the following is a parallel line?

A. IM and MY B. LM and MY C. AM and MO D. OA and NL

_____ 4. In the figure, which of the following is a perpendicular line?

A. IM and MY B. LM and MY C. AM and MO D. OA and NL

_____ 5. If m2  90 and m3  30 , what is m1 ?

A. 40⁰ B. 50⁰ C. 60⁰ D. 70⁰

_____ 6. If m11  133 , then what is m9 ?

A. 47⁰ B. 67⁰ C. 97⁰ D. 133⁰

_____ 7. If m4  5 x and m5  155 , what is x?

A. 5⁰ B. 15⁰ C. 25⁰ D. 35⁰

_____ 8. Refer on number 7, what is m6 ?

A. 5⁰ B. 15⁰ C. 25⁰ D. 35⁰

_____ 9. Which of the following must be true?

A. 2  3 B. 5  7 C. 9  11 D. 7  11

_____ 10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. WM  ZM B. MO II WN C. 1  3  2 D. W  Z