πkv h¨ lnÃdn

(t^m-°kv Gcn-b)

_p≈‰v Sn]vkv

sk‚ v tacokv lb¿sk-°-≠dn kvIqƒ

Ad-°p-fw, CSp-°n.

Tom Melukavu
SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki
 {]tabw 1
Imem-cw`w apX¬
1. {]nta-‰p-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ
Š kkvX-\n-I-fnse D]-hn-`m-K-amWv
Š D¤hw Gjy-bnepw B{^n-°-bnepw
Š a\p-jycpw hm\-c-∑mcpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p
Š tcmam-hr-X-i-co-chpw \o≠ K¿`-[m-c-W-Im-ehpw
2. tlman-t\m-bn-Up-Ifpw tlman-\n-Up-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-߃
tlman-t\m-bn-Up-Iƒ
Š {]nta-‰p-I-fpsS D]-hn-`mKw
Š sNdnb akvXnjvIw
Š henb ]√p-Iƒ
Š \mevIm-en-Iƒ
tlman-\n-Up-Iƒ
Š tlman-t\m-bn-Up-I-fpsS D]-hn-`mKw
Š henb akvXnjvIw
Š sNdnb ]√p-Iƒ
Š Ccp-Im-en-Iƒ

3. Akv{Xtem ]ntØ°kpw tlmtambpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-߃

Akv{Xtem ]ntØ-°kv
Š Z£nWtZ-isØ hm\-c≥
Š henb XmSn-sb√v
Š henb ]√p-Iƒ
Š h\-hm-kn-Iƒ
tlmtam
Š a\p-jy≥
Š sNdnb XmSn-sb√v
Š sNdnb ]√p-Iƒ
Š ]p¬ta-Sp-I-fn¬ hkn®p

4. tlmtam-bpsS D]-hn-`m-K-߃
Š tlmtam l_n-enkv
Š tlmtam CdIv‰kv
Š tlmtam km∏n-b≥kv
5. B[p-\nI a\p-jys‚ D¬]Øn ˛ hyXykvX ho£-W-߃
Š {]mtZ-inI XpS¿®m amXrI ˛ B[p-\nI a\p-jy≥ D¤-hn-®Xv ]e {]tZ-i-ß-fn-emWv
Š GtIm¬∏Øn amXrI ˛ B[p-\nI a\p-jy≥ D¤hn®Xv B{^n-°-bn-emWv
6. BZna a\p-jy≥ `£Ww tXSnb am¿§w
Š tiJ-cn-°¬
Š th´-bm-S¬
Š a’y-_-‘\w

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 2
Fgp-Øp-hn-Zybpw \K-c-Po-hn-Xhpw

1. sak-s∏-t´m-an-b-bpsS `qan-imkv{Xw
hS-°p-In-g°v ˛ ka-X-e-ßfpw ae-\n-c-Ifpw
˛ apJy-sXm-gn¬ Irjn
hS°v ˛ ]p¬ta-Sp-Iƒ
˛ apJy-sXm-gn¬ Imen-ta-bv°¬
Ing°v ˛ ssS{Kn-kns‚ t]mj-I-\-Zn-Iƒ
˛ hn\n-ba km[y-X-Iƒ
sX°v ˛ acp-`qan {]tZ-i-߃, \K-c-߃
2. sak-s∏-t´m-an-b≥ Fgp-Øp-hn-Zy-bpsS hnIm-khpw Iyq\nt^mw en]nbpw
Š sak-s∏-t´m-an-b≥ en]n Iyq\nt^mw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Š A£-c-߃°v B∏ns‚ BIrXn Bbn-cp-∂p.
Š Ifn-a¨ ^e-I-ß-fn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
3. Fgp-Øp-hn-Zy-bpsS D]-tbm-K-߃
Š \nL≠p \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pw cmP-Iob tcJ-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p∂Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-®p.
Š `qan-bpsS ssIam-‰-Øn\v
4. sak-s∏-t´m-an-b≥ Fgp-Øp-hn-Zy-bpsS kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
KWnX imkv{Xw
Š KpW\w, lc-Ww, h¿§w, h¿§-aq-ew, Iq´p-]-eni F∂nh I≠p-]n-Sn®p
Š Ie-≠¿ \n¿ΩmWw
Hcp h¿jw 12 amk-ß-fmbn Xncn®p
Hcp amkw 4 BgvN-I-fmbn Xncn®p
Hcp Znhkw 24 a-Wn-°q-dp-I-fmbn Xncn-®p.
Hcp aWn-°q¿ 60 an\n-‰p-I-fmbn hn`-Pn®p
Š N{µ-{K-l-Whpw kqcy-{K-l-Whpw tcJ-s∏-SpØn
Š \£-{X-ß-fpsS ÿm\-\n¿Æbw
Š "Kn¬K-ta-jns‚ CXn-lmkw' F∂ IrXn
5. amcn \K-c-Ønse hym]m-c-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃
Š bq{^-´okv \Zn-bpsS Xoc-Øp≈ hym]m-c-\-Kcw
Š I¿j-Icpw CS-b-∑mcpw hkn-®n-cp∂p
Š Irjnbpw arK-]-cn-]m-e-\hpw apJy-sXm-gn¬
Š amcn ˛ hym]m-c-tI-{µhpw cmP-Iob Xe-ÿm-\hpw
Š hym]mc hkvXp-°ƒ
XSn, sNºv, shfp-Øo-bw, ho™v, FÆ, shÆ, XpI¬
Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki
 {]tabw 3

aq∂v `qJ-WvU-ß-fn-te°v hym]n-®p-In-S∂ km{amPyw

1. tdmam km{amPyw˛`qan-im-{X-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ
Š tdmam km{amPyw Gjym, B{^n-°, bqtdm∏v F∂o `qJ-WvU-ß-fn-te°v hym]n-®p-In-S∂-- p.
Š hS-°v ˛ ssd≥, Um\yq_v \Zn-Iƒ
Š sX°v ˛ klmd acp-`qan
Š ]Sn-™mdv ˛ A‰v-em-‚ nIv kap{Zw
Š Ing°v ˛ Cdm-\n-b≥ km{amPyw
Š ssS_¿ \Zn-bpsS Xoc-ØmWv tdmam-\-Kcw
2. tdma≥ kaq-l-t{i-Wn-Iƒ
Š sk\-‰¿am¿ ˛ i‡hpw kº-∂-hp-amb hn`mKw
Š ss\‰p-Iƒ ˛ Aizm-cq-V-hn-`m-K-Ønse {]ap-J¿
Š a[y-h¿§w ˛ DtZym-K-ÿ¿, ssk\n-I¿, hym]m-cn-Iƒ
Š Iogm-f-h¿§w ˛ lypan-en-tbm-dkv F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-´p.
Š ASn-a-Iƒ ˛ kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw XmW-hn-`mKw
3. ]n¬°me ]ucm-Wn-IX AYhm A¥na tdmam km{amPyw
Š \memw \q‰m≠p apX¬ Ggmw \q‰m≠v hsc-bp≈ Ime-L´w
a. Utbm-¢n-j≥ N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS ]cn-jv°m-c-߃
Š AXn¿Øn-Iƒ ]p\x-kw-L-Sn-∏n®p
Š ssk\nI Iam-≠¿am¿°v kzbw`cWm-h-Imiw

Š ]uc≥∑msc ssk\nI Npa-X-e-I-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm°n

b tIm¨Ã‚-bn≥ N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS ]cn-jvIm-c-߃

Š {InkvXp-aXw tdmans‚ HutZym-KnI aXam°n

Š tIm¨Ãm‚n-t\m-∏nƒ ]pXnb Xe-ÿm\am°n

Š tkmfn-Ukv F∂ ]pXnb kz¿Æ-\m-Wbw ]pd-Øn-d°n

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 4
a[y C…m-anI cmPy-߃

1. Jeo-^-am-cpsS `cWw
Š BZysØ Jeo^bmb A_q-_-°¿ Iem-]-߃ ASn-®-a¿Øn
Š Jeo^ Da¿ ss_km‚n-b≥ k-km\nb≥ km{am-Py-߃ Iog-S°n
Š Jeo^ Dkvam≥ at[y-jy-bn-te°v km{amPyw hym]n-∏n-®p.
Š Jeo^ Aen-bpsS ImeØv jnb-˛-kp∂n hn`m-K-߃ cq]-s∏-´p.
2. Da-ø-Zp-Ifpw A_vZpƒ amen°pw
Š apBhnb BWv Da-bZv hwi ÿm]-I≥ (661)
Š Xe-ÿm\w Uam-kvIkv
Š A_vZpƒ amenIpw Ad_v kmaq-lnI kzXzhpw
Š Ad_n `c-W-`mjbmbn
Š C…m-anI \mWb hyhÿ sIm≠p-h∂p
Š Pdp-k-te-anse "tUmw Hm^v Zn tdm°v' \n¿Ωn-®p.
3. A∫m-knZv hnπhhpw am‰-ßfpw
Š CE750 ¬ Jpdmk\n¬ Bcw-`n-®p.
Š A∫m-kn-Zp-Isf \bn-®Xv A_pap…nw BWv.
Š Xe-ÿm-\-ambn _mKvZmZv sXc-s™-SpØp
Š Cdm-\n-b≥ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw h¿≤n®p
Š ssk\y-Øns‚ tKm{X ASn-Ød C√mXm°n
Š cmjv{S-Øns‚ tI{µo-IrX kz`mhw \ne-\n¿Øn
4. hn⁄m-\hpw kwkvIm-chpw C…m-anI kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
a). Ckvem-anI \nb-a-]-≤Xn
Š amenIn
Š l\^n
Š l≥_en
Š jm^n
b). kq^nkw
Š a[y-Ime Ckvem-anI aX-]-cn-jvI-cW {]ÿm\amWv kq^nkw
Š k¿th-iz-c-hm-Zw, k\ymk PohnXw
Š ankv‰n-kn-khpw, kvt\lhpw D-b¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®p.
Š GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kw, {]m¿∞\ F∂n-hbv°v {]m[m\yw \¬In.
Š Pem-ep-±o≥ dqan, _kvdbnse dm_nb F∂o kq^n Ihn-Iƒ

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

c). XXz-im-kv{Xhpw imkv{Xhpw
Š {Ko°v {KŸ-ß-fpsS Ad_n ]cn-`m-jIƒ
Š bp¢n-Uns‚ "Fe-sa‚ vkv'
Š tSmf-an-bpsS "A¬am-P-k‰v'
Š C_≥ko-\-bpsS "Im\≥ Hm^v saUn-kn≥'
d). `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw
Š A_p \hm-kns‚ ¢mkn-°¬ Ihn-X-Iƒ
Š cpZ-Inbpw ]pXnb t]¿jy≥ Imhy ]mcº-cyhpw
Š Da¿ Jøm-ans‚ "dp_-ømØv'
Š ^n¿Zu-kn-bpsS CXn-lmkw "jm\ma'
Š "Bbn-c-sØm∂v cmhp-Iƒ'
Š "Iene h Znw\' ˛ ]©-X{¥w IY-I-fpsS Ad_n ]cn-`mj
Š _meZp-cnbpsS "Po\ntbm-f-Pokv Hm^v t\m_nƒkv'
Š X_-cnbpw A¬_-dq-Wnbpw
e) Ckvem-anI Iebpw -in¬]-I-ebpw
Š apkveow ]≈n-Ifpw ih-Ip-So-c-ßfpw
Š an\m-c-ßfpw Iam-\-ßfpw Xmgn-I-°p-S-ßfpw
Š ap…nw ]≈n-bnse lmƒ, {]kw-K-th-Zn, Znim-kq-NIw F∂nh
Š Ckvem-anI Ie ˛ Ad-s_-kvIv, Imen{K^n

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 5
\mtSmSn km{am-Py-߃

1. sN¶n-kvJm\pw aw-tKm-fn-b-cpsS GIo-I-cWhpw

a) Iypdn¬sSbv
Š awtKm-fn-b≥ tKm{X-ap-Jy-∑m-cpsS Akwªn
Š 1206-˛¬ sN¶n-kvJms‚ \nbaw {]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´Xv Iyqdn¬sSbn¬ h®m-Wv.

Š cmPysØ kw-_-‘n® {][m\ Imcy-߃, `mhn-Ime B{I-a-W-߃,

knwlm-k-\m-tcm-lWw F∂nh kwbp-‡-ambn Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´n-cp∂p Cu k`-bn¬
b). bmk
Š sN¶n-kvJms‚ \nb-a-kw-lnXbmWv bmk

Š 1206 ¬ Iyqdn¬sSbv¬ h®v bmk {]Jym-]n-°s∏-´p.

Š \mbm-´v, ssk\yw, t]mì k{º-Zmbw F∂n-h-bpsS \nb-a-߃

Š awtKm-fn-b≥ tKm{X ]mc-ºcy kam-lmcw

c). bmw
Š sN¶n-kvJms‚ sImdn-b¿ k{ºZmbw

Š X]m¬ Xmh-f-߃, ktµ-i-hm-l-I¿, IpXn-c-tbm-´-°m¿ F∂n-h¿ Dƒs∏-´p.

Š A¥¿tZ-iob t]mì k{º-ZmbamWnXv

Š awtKm-fn-b¿ arK-]‰ßsf Iyp_vI¿ \nIpXn-bmbn \¬In.

d). sN¶n-kvJms‚ ssk\nI X{¥-߃

Š sN¶n-kvJms‚ ssk\nI kwhn-[m\w Xma F∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.

Š {]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb awtKm-fn-b≥ ]pcp-j-∑m¿ tk\-bn¬ Dƒs∏-´n-cp-∂p.

Š Zimwi k{º-Zmbw \S-∏m°n

Š ]p¬ta-Sp-I-fnse IpXn-c-tbm´ sshZKv≤yw

Š ssk\nI F©n-\o-b¿amcpw bpt≤m-]-I-c-W-ßfpw

Š ssk\n-I¿°v NnIn-’m-ku-I-cy-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn.

Š ssk\nI Xe-h-∑m≥ t\mb≥ F∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 6
aq∂v {Ia-߃
]ptcm-ln-X-h¿§w, {]`p-h¿§w, I¿jI h¿§w
1. ]ptcm-lnX h¿§w
Š bqtdm-∏nse G‰hpw kº-∂-amb ÿm]-\amWv ItØm-en° k`
Š bqtdm-∏nse {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS Xe-h≥ t]m∏v Bbn-cp∂p
Š k` I¿j-I-cn¬ \n∂v ]ncn® \nIp-XnbmWv ss‰Zv
k\ym-kn-a-T-{]-ÿm\w
Š ss{IkvXh k\ym-kn-am¿ k\ym-kn-a-T-ß-fn¬ hkn-®n-cp-∂p.
Š k\ym-kn-a-T-Øns‚ Xe-h≥ B_´v F∂v Adn-b-s∏-´p.
Š CuPn-]vXnse k\ym-kn-a-T-w t_kn¬ ]pWy-hm≥ ÿm]n®p
Š C‰-ensb k\ym-kn-a-T-w _\-UnŒv ]pWy-hm≥ ÿm]n-®p.
Š {^m≥knse ¢q\n k\ym-kn-a-T-w hneyw H∂m-a≥ ÿm]n-®p.
2. {]`p-h¿§w
Š cmPmhv `qan {]`p-°-∑m¿°v ]Xn®p \¬In-bn-cp-∂p.
Š {]`p-°-∑m¿ `qhp-S-a-I-fm-bn-cp∂p
Š {]`p-°-∑m¿ `qan Irjn-°m¿°v \¬In
Š `qan kw_-‘-amb B{inX hyhÿ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p.
Š {]`p-hn\v kz¥w ssk\yhpw tImS-Xnbpw D≠v
Š ]W-a-Sn-®n-d-°m-\p≈ A[n-Imcw {]`p-hn\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
am\dpw amt\m-dn-b¬ FtÉpw
Š {]`p-hns‚ hoSv am\¿ F∂v Adn-b-s∏-´p.
Š {]`p-hns‚ hoSpw `qan-bpw- Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-XmWv amt\m-dn-b¬ FtÉv
Š 12 apX¬ 50 hsc I¿jI IpSpw-_-߃ amt\m-dn-b¬ FtÃ-‰n¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
ss\‰p-Ifpw ^o^pw
Š a[y-Im-e-bq-tdm-∏nse IpXn-c-∏-S-bm-fn-I-fmWv ss\‰p-Iƒ
Š ss\‰n\p e`n® `qan-bmWv ^o^v
Š ^o^n¬ hoSpw ]≈n-bpw, Pe-an√pw D≠v
Š ss\‰p-Iƒ {]`p-hn-\v ssk\nI tkh\w sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
3. I¿jI h¿§w
a) kzX-{¥-I¿j-I¿
Š `qan ssIh-i-ap-≈-hcmWv kzX-{¥-I¿j-I¿
Š {]`p-hns‚ IpSn-bm-∑mcmWn-h¿
I¿j-I-cpsS tPmen-Iƒ
Š InSßv Ipgn-°pI
Š tdmUv \n¿Ωn-°pI
Š hndIv tiJ-cn-°pI
Š \q¬\q¬∏v, ho™v \n¿ΩmWw
b) Akz-X-{¥-I¿j-I¿
Š {]`p-hns‚ ASn-bm-f¿ BWn-h¿
Š kz¥-ambn `qan-bn-√m-Ø-h-¿
Š {]`p-hns‚ `qan-bn¬ thX-\-an-√msX tPmen sNbvXp.
Š ASn-bm-f¿°v {]`p-hns‚ an√nte [m\yw s]mSn-°m≥ A\p-hm-Z-ap≈p
Š {]`p-hns‚ ho™p\n¿Ωm-W-im-e-tb D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ A\p-hm-Z-ap≈p
Š ASn-bm-f-cpsS hnhm-l-Im-cy-߃ {]`p Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂p.
Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki
 {]tabw 7
amdp∂ kmwkvIm-cnI ]mc-º-cy-߃

1. C‰m-en-b≥ \K-c-ß-fpsS ]p\-cp-∞m\w

Š \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ kzm[o\w
Š ^vtfmd≥kv, sh\o-kv, Pt\m-h, anem≥, shtdm-W, s_mtfmKv\ ˛ {][m\ \K-cß
- ƒ
Š ]´p-]m-X-bn-eq-sS-bp≈ hym]m-c-_-‘-߃
Š ^vtfmd≥kpw sh\okpw dn∏-ªn-°p-Iƒ
2. k¿∆-I-em-im-e-Ifpw am\-hn-I-Xbpw (lypq-a-\n-kw)
Š ]mZp-h, s_mtfm· k¿∆-I-em-im-e-Iƒ
Š \nbaw apJy -]-T\ hnjbw

Š sshZy-im-kv{Xw, ssZh-im-kv{Xw, `mj, kmln-Xyw, Ncn{Xw F∂nh ]T-\-hn-j-b-߃.

am\-hn-IX
Š am\-hn-I-X-bpsS ]nXmhv s]{Sm¿°v BWv

Š a\p-jy-tI-{µo-Ir-X-amb temI-ho-jWw

Š ]WvUn-X-∑m-cmb BNm-cy-∑msc lyqa-\nÃv F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®p.

Š ^vtfmd≥kn-se Ums‚ Aen-K-cnbpw Kntbm-t´mbpw

Š Ncn-{Xw, -X-Xz-Nn-¥, `mjm, kmlnXyw XpS-ßn-bh am\-hnI hnj-b-ß-fmbn

3. \thm-∞m-\Iebpw dnb-en-khpw
Š \thm-∞m-\-I-e-bpsS apJy-k-hn-ti-j-X-bmWv dnb-enkw
Š ]pcm-X\ tdma≥ inev]-ß-fpw, ¢mkn-°¬ ssienbpw

Š sUmWm-s´-t√m-bpw, Poh-kp‰ inev]-ßfpw

Š a\p-jy-i-co-c-Øns‚ IrXy-X-bp-≈Xpw bYm¿∞-hp-amb Bhn-jvIm-c-߃

Š ico-c-L-S-\m-im-kv{Xw, t£{X-K-Wn-Xw, kuµ-cy-t_m[w F∂n-h-bpsS kzm[o\w

Š B≥{Un-bUv shkm-en-bkpw t_mUn Unsk-£\pw

Nn{X-Ie
Š kzm`m-hn-I-X-bp≈ Nn{X-߃

Š t£{X-K-W-nXØnse Adn-hp-Iƒ Nn{X-I-e-bn¬

Š {]Im-i-hn-Xm-\-ß-fpsS angnhpw {Xnam\ Nn{X-ßfpw

Š FÆOmb Nn{X-ßfpw \nd-°q-´p-Ifpw

Š enb-\m¿tZm Umhn-©n˛ "samWm-enk', "A¥y-Ømgw'

hmkvXp-in-ev]-Ie
Š Nn{X-ßfpw inev]-ßfpw sImØp-]-Wn-I-fp-ap≈ sI´n-S-߃

Š ssa°-em-©-tem ˛ ]nb-Ø, knÃ-bn≥ Nm∏-ense Nn{X-߃

Š ^nent∏m {_qWtejn ˛ ^vtfmd≥knse "Uzma'

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 8
kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS A`n-ap-Jo-I-cWw
1. BkvsS-°p-Iƒ
Š BkvsSIv kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ tI{µw saIvknt°m Bbn-cp∂p

Š t{iWn-_≤ kaqlw

Š tbm≤m-°ƒ, ]ptcm-ln-X¿, {]`p-°-∑m¿ F∂n-h¿ BZ-c-Wob hn`m-K-°m¿

Š Ir{Xna Zzo]p-Iƒ Nn\-º-Iƒ F∂-dn-b-s∏´p

Š Xe-ÿm\ \Kcw sSt\m-IvSn-e≥

Š Irjn-Iƒ ˛ tNmfw, _o≥kv, Dcp-f-°n-gßv

Š ASn-aØw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p

hn-Zym-`ymkw
Š F√m Ip´n-Iƒ°pw hnZym-`ymkw \¬In

{ Š {]`p-°-∑mcpsS a°ƒ ]Tn-®n-cp∂ hnZym-e-b-amWv I¬ta-IIv

Š km[m-c-W-°m-cpsS hnZym-ebw sSt∏m-I√n F∂-dn-b-s∏´p

Š I¬ta-I-In¬ ssk\n-I- ]cn-io-e-\hpw aX-]-cn-io-e-\hpw \¬In

Š sSt∏m-I√nbn¬ Ncn{Xw, an-Øp-Iƒ, BNm-c-Km-\-߃ F∂nh ]Tn-∏n-®p.

2. C≥I kwkvImcw
Š s]dp BWv C≥I-I-fpsS tI{µw

Š BZy-N-{I-h¿Øn am≥tIm I]mIv Bbn-cp∂p

Š tI{µo-Ir-X-amb km{amPyw

Š Xeÿm\w IpkvtIm, `mj sI®vh

Š C≥I kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-d Irjn Bbn-cp∂p

Š tNmfhpw Dcp-f-In-gßpw Irjn-sNbvXp

Š Imen-h-f¿Ø¬, s\bvØv, a¨]m{X \n¿Ωm-Ww F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp∂p sXmgn-ep-Iƒ

Š tdmUp-Ifpw, tIm´-I-fpw, sIm´m-c-ßfpw \n¿Ωn-®p.

Š inem-]m-fn-Iƒ ^vsfbvInwKv coXn-bn¬ cq]-s∏-SpØn tIm´-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®p.

Š Nc-Sn¬ Xo¿Ø KWn-X-bq-Wn-‰p-Iƒ "Izn]p' F∂-dn-b-s∏-´p.

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 9
hymh-km-bnI hnπhw
1. hymh-km-bnI hnπhw Cw•-≠n¬ Bcw-`n-°p-hm-\p≈ Imc-W-߃
Š cmjv{Sob kpÿn-cX
Š ]W-Øns‚ hym]I D]-tbmKw
Š Im¿jnI hnπ-h-Øns‚ kzm[o\w
Š \K-c-ß-fpw hym]m-chpw
Š _m¶p-I-fpsS hf¿®
Š tImf-\n-Ifpw Akw-kvXrX hkvXp-°fpw
Š KXm-KX irwJe
Š e≠≥ \K-c-Øns‚ BtKmf {]m[m\yw
2. I¬°-cnbpw Ccpºpw hyh-kmbh¬°-c-Whpw
Š teml-kw-kvI-c-Whpw Um¿_n IpSpw-_hpw
Š F{_lmw Um¿_n H∂m-a≥ ˛ ªmÃv ^¿Wkv
Š Um¿_n c≠m-a≥ ˛ ]®n-cp-ºn¬ \n∂v hm¿∏n-cpºv \n¿Ωn®p
Š Um¿_n aq∂m-a≥ ˛ BZysØ Ccpºv ]mew
Š sl≥dn tIm¿´v ˛ ]pÕnwMv ^¿Wkv, tdmfnwKv an¬
Š tPm¨ hn¬In-Mvk¨˛ Ccp-ºp-I-tk-c-Iƒ, Pe-tk-N\Ipg-ep-Iƒ
3. hkv{X hymh-km-b cwKw˛ s\bvØv, \q¬\q¬∏v
Š ^vfbnwKv j´n¬ ˛ tPm¨ tI
XpWn s\bvØn\v thKX Iq´p∂ b{¥w
Š kv]n∂nwKv sP∂n ˛ Pbnwkv l¿{Kohvkv
\q¬ \q¬∏v b{¥w
Š hm´¿ s{^bnw ˛ dn-®m¿Uv B¿°vssd‰v
CuSp‰ \qen-g-Iƒ Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ b{¥w
Š ayqƒ ˛ kmap-h¬ t{Imw]v‰¨
\q¬ \q¬∏v b{¥w
Š ]h¿ eqw ˛ FUva≠v Im¿´vssd‰v
s\bvØv b{¥w

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]tabw 10
Xt±-iob P\-X-I-fpsS ÿm\-{`wiw

kz¿Æ-Øns‚ {]hm-lhpw hyh-km-b-ß-fpsS hf¿®bpw

Š 1840 Ifn¬ Imen-t^m¿Wn-b-bn¬ kz¿Æ \nt£]w Is≠Øn
Š kz¿Æw tXSn bqtdm-]y-∑m-cpsS {]hmlw
a) sdbn¬th-bpsS hnImkw
Š Ata-cn-°≥ h≥I-c°v IpdpsI sdbn¬ ]mX-Iƒ \n¿Ωn®p
Š bp.-F-kv. sdbn¬th 1870˛¬ ]q¿Ønbmbn
Š Im\-U-bpsS dbn¬th 1885˛¬ ]q¿Øn-bmbn
b) Irjnbpw hyh-km-b-ßfpw
Š b{¥ß-fpsS \n¿Ωm-Whpw Ata-cn-°-bnse hymh-km-bnI hnπhhpw
Š hymh-km-bnI \K-ß-fpsS hnImkw
Š Irjn-bn-S-ßfpw Im¿jnI hnI-k-\hpw

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki

 {]ta-bw11
B-[p-\n-I-X-bn-te°v

1. k¨˛ bm‰v sk∂ns‚ aq∂v XXz-߃

Š tZio-bX ˛ a©p `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-sfbpw hntZ-i-i-‡n-I-sfbpw ]pd¥≈pI
Š P\m-[n-]Xyw ˛ ssN\-bn¬ P\m-[n-]Xy Kh¨sa‚ v ÿm]n-°pI
Š tkmjy-enkw˛ aqe-[-\-\n-b-{¥-Whpw `qhp-S-a-ÿ-X-bn¬ ka-Xzhpw
2. sabv 4 {]ÿm\w
Š H∂mw temI-a-lm-bp-≤sØ XpS¿∂v \jvS-amb {]tZ-i-߃ Xncn®p ]nSn-°m-\mbn
cq]w sIm≠ {]ÿm\w
Š ]mcokv kam-[m\ ktΩ-f-\-Ønse Xocp-am-\-߃s°-Xntc {]Xn-tj[w Db¿Øn.
Š 1919 sabv 4˛\v s_bvPn-ßn¬ Bcw-`n-®p.
sabv 4 {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ {][m\ Bh-iy-߃
Š Ak-a-Xz-߃ C√m-Xm-°pI

Š Zmcn{Zyw Ipd-bv°pI

Š efn-X-amb `mj D]-tbm-Kn-°pI

Š kv{XoI-fpsS ASn-aØw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI

3. ssN\okv Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿´nbpw amthmbpw

Š 1921˛¬ ssN\okv IΩyq-WnÃv ]m¿´n cq]w sIm≠p.
Š amthm sk ZpMv Bbn-cp∂p t\Xmhv

Š "tkmhn-b‰'v F∂ I¿jI Iu¨kn¬ amthm cq]o-I-cn®p

temßv am¿®v
Š Ipan-¥m-Mp-I-fn¬ \n∂v c£-t\-Sm≥ IΩyq-WnÃpIƒ \S-Ønb {]bmWamWnXv

Š 1934 HIvtSm-_¿ 16 apX¬ 1935 HIvtSm-_¿ 22 hsc

Š PnbmMvkn apX¬ sj≥kn hsc 6000 ssaep-Iƒ Xm≠nbp≈ bm{X

Š 1949 ¬ Xe-ÿm-\-\-K-c-amb \m¶nwKv ]nSn-s®-SpØp

Š 1949 ssN\-bn¬ P\-Inb dn∏-ªnIv amthm ÿm]n-®p.

Tom Melukavu, SMHSS Arakulam, Idukki