Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun

New Scheme of Examination as per AICTE Flexible Curricula

Electronics & Communication Engineering, VIII-Semester
EC- 801 Television and Radar Engineering
Course Content:

Unit I : Basic Television System

Introduction: Scanning principles: sound and picture transmission, scanning process, camera pick-up
devices, video signal, transmission and reception of video signals, brightness perception and photometric
quantities, aspect ratio and rectangular scanning, persistence of vision and flicker, vertical resolution, the
Kell factor, horizontal resolution and video bandwidth, interlaced scanning.
Composite Video Signal: Lines and scanning, video signal components, horizontal sync and blanking
standards, vertical sync and blanking standards, video modulation and vestigial side band signal, sound
modulation and inter-carrier system.
Television Standards: Standard channel characteristics, reception of the vestigial side band signals,
television broadcast channel, consolidated CCIR system-B standard, various television broadcast systems.
Television Pick-up devices and Cameras: Camera lenses, auto-focus systems, television camera pick-ups,
Silicon Vidicon, CCD image sensors, video processing of camera pick-up signal.

Unit II : Colour Television

Colour fundamentals: mixing of colours and colour perception, chromaticity diagram, colour television
camera, colour TV signals and transmission, NTSC, SECAM and PAL system, Trinitron picture tube,
automatic degaussing, plasma, LCD displays.
Television transmission and reception: requirement of TV broadcast transmission, design principle of TV
transmitters, IF modulation, power output stages, block diagram of TV transmitter, co-channel interference
and ghost images during propagation of television signals, antenna requirements for television system, block
schematic and function requirements for television receivers, trends in circuit
design, colour television receiver.

Unit III : Digital Television Technology

Merits of digital technology, fully digital television system, digital television signals, digitized video
parameters, digital video hardware, transmission of digital TV signals, bit rate reduction, digital TV
receivers, video processor unit, audio processor unit.
Other television systems: Closed Circuit television system (CCTV), Cable television system (CATV),
multiplexed analog component encoding television system (MAC TV), High definition television system
(HDTV), High definition multiplexed analog component television (HD-MAC TV), High Performance
Computer Controlled TV (HPCC TV), 3-D stereoscopic television techniques..

Unit IV : RADAR
The Radar range equation, block diagram and operation, performance factors: prediction of range
performance, minimum detectable signal, receiver noise, probability density functions, signal to noise ratios.
Radar cross section of targets, transmitter power, pulse repetition frequency and range ambiguities, antenna
parameters.
The CW radar: the Doppler effect, FM-CW radar.
The Moving Target Indicator (MTI) Radar: delay line cancellers.
Unit V : Radar Receivers
The radar receiver, noise figure, mixers, low noise front ends, displays- type A and PPI representations,
duplexer and receiver protectorsOther Radar systems: Synthetic aperture radar, HF over the horizon radar,
Air Surveillance Radar (ASR), Bistatic radar.

References:
1. M. Dhake: Television and Video Engineering, 2nd Edition,TMH, New Delhi.
2. M. I. Skolnik: Introduction to Radar Systems, TMH, New Delhi.
3. R. G. Gupta: Television Engineering and Video Systems, TMH, New Delhi.
4. R. R. Gulati: Monochrome and Colour Television, New Age International.
5. Grob and Herndon: Basic Television and Video Systems, McGraw Hill International.
6. P. Z. Peebles, Jr.: Radar Principles, Wiley India Pvt. LTD.
7. Edde: Radar- Principles, Technology Applications, Pearson Education.
w.e.f academic session July 2010 Page 7 of 22

List of Experiments:
Section A: Television Engg.
1. (a) To Study the Circuit Description of RF Tuner Section.
(b) To Study the RF Section by Measuring Voltages at Various Test Points.
(c ) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for RF Section.
2. (a) To Study the Circuit Description of VIF Tuner Section.
(b) To Study the VIF Section by Measuring Voltages at Various Test Points.
(c ) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for VIF Section.
3. (a) To Study the Circuit Description of Video and Chroma Section Tuner Section.
(b) To Study the Video and Chroma Section by Measuring Voltages at Various Test Points
(c ) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for Video and Chroma
Section.
4. (a) To Observe the Horizontal Oscillator and Horizontal Output Section through Various Test Point.
(b) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for Horizontal Oscillator and
Horizontal Output
Section.
5. (a) To Observe the Vertical Oscillator and Vertical Output Section through Various Test Point.
(b) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for Vertical Oscillator and
Vertical Output Section.
6. To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for Sound Output Section.
7. To Study the Circuit Description of Audio and Video Section Tuner Section.
8. (a) To Study the System Control Section by Measuring Voltages at Various Test Points.
(b) To Study the Fault Simulation and Step-by-Step Fault Finding Procedure for System Control Section.

Section B: RADAR
1. Study of Doppler Effect.
2. To Measure Speed of a fan and various Other Objects (Pendulum, Tuning Fork, Plate etc.)
3. To Simulate the Variable Speed of Moving Objects using Velocity Simulator.

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 Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun
New Scheme of Examination as per AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electronics & Communication Engineering, VIII-Semester
EC- 802 Digital System Design using VHDL
UNIT 1
INTRODUCTION TO VHDL: VHDL description, combinational networks, modeling flip-
flop using VHDL, VHDL model for multiplexer, compliance and simulation of VHDL, codes,
modeling a sequential machine, variables, signals and constants, arrays VHDL operators,
VHDL functions, VHDL procedures, packages and libraries, VHDL model for a counter.
Attributes, transport and inertial delays, operator over loading, multi valued logic and signal
resolution, IEEE-1164, standard logic, generic, generates statements, synthesis of VHDL
codes.

UNIT 2
DESIGN OF NETWORKS FOR ARITHMATIC OPERATIONS: Design of serial adder
with accumulator, state graph for control networks design of binary multiplier, multiplication
of signed binary numbers, design of binary divider.
DIGITAL DESIGN WITH SM CHART: state machine charts, derivation of SM charts,
realization of SM charts, implementation of dice game, alternative realization of SM charts
using microprogramming.

UNIT 3
FLOATING POINT ARITHMETIC: Representation of floating point numbers, floating
point multiplication, and other floating point operations.
DESIGNING WITH PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS AND COMPLEX
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
DEVICES: Xilinx 3000 series FPGAs, Xilinx 4000 series FPGAs, using one hot state
assignment.

UNIT 4
MEMORY MODELS FOR MEMORIES AND BUSES: Static RAM, a simplified 486 bus
model, interfacing memory to microprocessor bus
UNIT 5
DESIGN EXAMPLES: UART design, description of MC68HC05 microcontroller, design of
microcontroller CPU, and complete microcontroller design.

SUGGESTED BOOKS:
1. Charles H Roth Jr, “Digital System Design using VHDL”, Thomson
Learning, 02.
2. Stephen Brown & Zvonko Vranesic, “Fundamentals of digital logic design with VHDL”,
TMH, 2nd Ed., 2007.
3. Jhon F Wakerly, “Digital design”, PHI, 4th Ed.
 Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun
New Scheme of Examination as per AICTE Flexible Curricula
Electronics & Communication Engineering, VIII-Semester
Dep Elective EC- 803 (A) Wireless Communications
UNIT 1
SERVICES AND TECHNICAL CHALLENGES: Types of Services, Requirements for the
services, Multipath propagation, Spectrum Limitations, Noise and Interference limited
systems, Principles of Cellular networks, Multiple Access Schemes.
UNIT 2
WIRELESS PROPAGATION CHANNELS : Propagation Mechanisms (Qualitative
treatment), Propagation effects with mobile radio, Channel Classification, Link calculations,
Narrowband and Wideband models, propagation models, Path loss components.
UNIT 3
WIRELESS TRANSCEIVERS: Structure of a wireless communication link, Modulation
and demodulation – Quadrature/4-Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Offset-
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Phase Shift Keying, Binary Frequency Shift Keying, Minimum
Shift Keying, Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying, Power spectrum and Error performance in
fading channels.
UNIT 4
SIGNAL PROCESSING IN WIRELESS SYSTEMS : Principle of Diversity, Macro-
diversity, Microdiversity, Signal Combining Techniques, Transmit diversity, Equalizers- Linear
and Decision Feedback equalizers, Review of Channel coding and Speech coding techniques.
UNIT 5
ADVANCED TRANSCEIVER SCHEMES
Spread Spectrum Systems- Cellular Code Division Multiple Access Systems- Principle, Power
control, Effects of multipath propagation on Code Division Multiple Access, application of
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing in GSM, IS–95, IS-2000 and Third Generation
Wireless Networks and Standards
SUGGESTED BOOKS:
1. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley – India, 2006.
2. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications”, Pearson Education,
2007.
3. Rappaport. T.S., “Wireless communications”, Pearson Education, 2003.
4. Gordon L. Stuber, “Principles of Mobile Communication”, Springer International Ltd.,
2001.
5. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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