Duke Gardens - Animal Migration2

What is MIGRATION?
MIGRATION is movement from one place to another.

Did you know that PEOPLE, PLANTS and ANIMALS migrate?
People migrate when they move from their home to another home in a different place.
Plants migrate over time as the climate changes. They move to an area that better fits their
needs.
Animals migrate with the seasons from one region to another.
ANIMAL MIGRATION
Animals that migrate are called migratory animals or migrants.
Some animals migrate quickly, while others migrate slowly. Some migrate in a few hours or
a few days or over many days.
Some may migrate Some may migrate Some may migrate

hundreds of miles like thousands of miles like the just a short way like
the Pronghorn Antelope Loggerhead Sea Turtle the Blue Grouse
Loggerhead Sea Turtles lay

eggs on the coast of NC. As
Pronghorn migrate in the hatchlings grow to adults, In the winter, the Blue
state of Wyoming. In they migrate thousands of Grouse lives in the tops
spring, they move north miles for 15-30 years before of tall pine forests. They
from Green Valley returning to beach where migrate about 300
Wyoming 150 miles to they were hatched to lay meters down the pines to
Grand Tetons Park. their own eggs. the woodlands to nest.
1
Why do animals migrate? When do animals migrate?
 To find a new home Most animals migrate during the

 To search for food or water spring and fall.
 To breed
They move from colder regions to warmer
 To find better living
ones in the fall and back again in the spring.
conditions.
How do animals know where to

How do animals know when to migrate?
go when they migrate?
The number of hours
Animals find their way using
of daylight
 the stars
 the moon
The temperature  landmarks
 the sun
 air currents
 smell
What is a transient animal?  magnetic fields
 mental maps
During migration, many animals will stop for a  and several other ways scientists
short rest and to get enough food to continue are still studying!
their journey.
These visitors are called transient animals.
The Rose Breasted Grosbeak and

the Baltimore Oriole are two
transient birds that pass through North Eastern US
our area to rest and eat as they
migrate from Central America to North Carolina
the Northeastern United States.
Central America
Baltimore Oriole Rose Breasted Grosbeak
2
Look for Migrating Animals
 Keep your eyes and ears peeled for migratory birds!

 You can see them at any time of day, or even at
night.
 You may hear them even if you don’t see them.
MIGRATORY BIRD
White-throated Sparrows
During the summer, white-throated sparrows live in Sparrow Summer Sparrow Winter
Canada and New England, where they make nests, lay Habitat Habitat
eggs, and raise their families.
In the fall, they fly south, arriving in the Triangle area
of North Carolina in late October and early November.
They are small birds with bright-white throats that are
easy to pick out at a distance.
You may heart the males’ song at dusk:
“Oh, Sam Peabody, Peabody, Peabody” or
“O sweet Canada, sweet Canada, sweet Canada” Migration
Map
MIGRATORY BIRD
Canada Geese
Geese move south in large flocks, often with loud
Geese Geese Geese
honks or squawks.
Summer Winter Year Round
They fly in formation shaped like the letter V. Habitat Habitat Habitat
The goose in front works hardest so they take turns
being the goose in front.
Canada Geese who live farther north migrate. They
sometimes stop here to rest and eat before moving
on.
Some Canada Geese have good living conditions all
year in our area so they no longer migrate.
Grass and other vegetation are available year-round.
You may see Geese on lawns or golf courses.
3
Flyway - A Highway for Birds
A flyway is a flight path used by large

numbers of birds while migrating. It’s
like a “highway” in the sky especially
for birds. Birds use flyways all over the
world. They can cross continents and
pass over oceans.
There are 4 flyways in North America:

the Atlantic, the Mississippi, the
Central and the Pacific. Atlantic
The Atlantic flyway comes through
North Carolina.
Do you think
the white-throated sparrows and Canada geese use the Atlantic Flyway? Why?
MIGRATORY BIRD
Ruby-throated Hummingbirds
When the flowers are done for the season, so are the hummingbirds!
They move south and spend the winter in the tropics where they can find food.
Just before they leave, they fill up on nectar
so they have enough fuel to fly all the way Migration
across the Gulf of Mexico without stopping. Map
Gulf of Summer
Mexico
Female Only the male has a red throat Winter
4
ona Protect Migratory Birds
Migratory birds help keep nature healthy. They pollinate plants, scatter seeds and prey on
pests that harm crops.
 Keep pets indoors
 Mark windows with tape or stickers to prevent bird strikes
 Turn off any unneeded lights at night
MIGRATORY INSECT
Monarch Butterflies
Insects migrate, too!
Bright-orange monarch butterflies pass

through our area in the fall while migrating
south.
Monarchs born in the summer live only 2-6

weeks. Monarch on Milkweed Seed Ball
The monarchs born in August can live up to 9

months. These are the butterflies that can
Milkweed is the only thing
travel over 3000 miles to get to the mountains Monarch caterpillars can eat.
in Central Mexico.
Adults like the nectar in
But these monarchs do not make it all the way Milkweed but also eat nectar
back to their summer homes! As they are from other flowers.
migrating, new monarchs are born and take
over the journey.
There may be as many as 4 different
generations that take part in the migration. Migrating Monarch Butterflies
Migration
Map
5
How do animals migrate?
Do they walk? Do they run? Do they fly? Do the swim? Do they move in other ways?
 Pretend you are a migrating animal. Look at some of the migrating animals in this
guide if you’re not sure what animals migrate.
 Move around the way that animal would migrate.
Not all animals migrate!

Some animals are permanent residents and do not migrate. They stay in one area all year. Cardinals,
Carolina Chickadees and Downy Woodpeckers are permanent residents in North Carolina so you can
see them year-round.
Cardinal
Cardinals are songbirds.
Unlike some other
brightly colored birds,
male Cardinals stay bright
red all year. Cardinals
defend their area and will
“fight” with the bird they
see reflected in the
Male on Left Female on right window.
Female
Downy Woodpecker
Carolina Chickadee In the winter, the Downy
Chickadees are small songbirds Woodpecker joins flocks
that often flock with other of other birds so they can
small birds. They can be very Male spend less time being
vocal when preparing to eat. alert for predators.
Think About
Are you migratory or non-migratory?
Explain why you decided that.
6
THINGS TO TRY
 Keep your eyes and ears peeled for migratory birds! You can see them at any
time of day, or even at night. You may hear them even if you don’t see them.
 Keep a Nature Journal and record or draw the animals you see in it.
 Research to find birds that spend at least part of their time in our area. Use the
information to make your own Field Guide and Checklist. Then look for those
birds when you’re outside.
 Plant a garden with flowers that bloom in the fall to

attract migrating monarchs and hummingbirds.
 Visit a garden or other place plants are growing near you and see if you observe any
migratory birds.
 Put up a bird-feeder and observe who visits.
 Report your sightings to online community science

projects like iNaturalist, eBird, or Journey North.
Make Connections
 Where are you most comfortable in the summer? How about in
the winter?
 What makes those places comfortable? Do they have special
things that are nice when it’s warm or cold outside? Are there
special activities you can do there?
Make a Migratory Map

 Choose an animal that migrates.
o Research its migratory patterns.
o Draw its migratory routes on a map.

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What is MIGRATION?

MIGRATION is movement from one place to another.

Some may migrate Some may migrate Some may migrate

Loggerhead Sea Turtles lay

 To find a new home Most animals migrate during the

How do animals know where to

The Rose Breasted Grosbeak and

the Northeastern United States.

Baltimore Oriole Rose Breasted Grosbeak

 Keep your eyes and ears peeled for migratory birds!

A flyway is a flight path used by large

There are 4 flyways in North America:

Female Only the male has a red throat Winter

Bright-orange monarch butterflies pass

Monarchs born in the summer live only 2-6

The monarchs born in August can live up to 9

Not all animals migrate!

 Plant a garden with flowers that bloom in the fall to

 Put up a bird-feeder and observe who visits.

 Report your sightings to online community science

Make a Migratory Map

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