world-migratory-bird-day-2

Migratory birds –
Tracing their first

flight
“The bird who dares to fall is the bird who learns to fly”
Introduction
01 What is birds migration?
1.INTRODUCTION
Every year, during autumn and early winter
birds travel from their breeding places (where
birds give birth to their young ones) in the
northern regions of Asia, Europe and America
to the warmer Southern lands. They make the
return journey again during spring and early
summer. They are very punctual unless
delayed by bad weather. Today, much of the
information on migration has come from
ringing the birds.
How
migratory
birds
How migratory birds trace their
02
navigate flights?
2. How migratory birds trace their
flights
Migratory birds can use the sun, for example, which
means that they permanently "know" what time it is, in
order to know the right direction on the basis of the
sun's position. They are also sensible to the ultraviolet
rays which penetrate the clouds but are invisible for
human beings. Even the nocturnal birds use the
position of the sun at sunset to know their position.
Nocturnal birds also use the stars. This has
been proved by letting birds fly in a planetarium and
changing the stars' position.
Another tool is the earth's magnetic field (earth's
north and south magnetic poles). Some birds,
like pigeons, have a small zone in their brain
made of magnetite (magnetic mineral), just like a
small compass. But other scientists think it's
rather in their eyes that some birds have a
system which indicates them where the magnetic
north is.
Birds also use their knowledge of the landscape
they follow rivers, valleys or roads, or locate
themselves with particular mountain peaks.
Other tracks are still to be explored. For
example it seems that some birds could find
their way by following their sense of smell.
03
Threats to
migrating
Threats and critics to birds
birds
migratory
3. Threats to migrating birds
Climate change, habitat loss, hunting and mobile

signal towers are adversely impacting migratory birds.
Forty percent of global bird species are under critical
threat.
Human-migratory bird interactions – hunting,
habitat modification and deforestation -- threaten the
survival of these ecologically significant species. Among
the major disturbances to migratory birds are network
towers and their signals.
Electromagnetic radiation produced by humans, such as radio waves, can
interfere with the navigational ability of bird species. These disruptions
seem to have impacted the chemical reaction in the cryptochromes. This
could explain why the global population of night-migrating birds have
decreased sharply in recent years.
Climate change, habitat loss, indiscriminate hunting and network
towers are impacting migratory birds. These age-old travellers cross
continents to maintain the ecological balance of the earth, rendering
major ecological services. The loss of these species will not only
destabilize the biosphere but can trigger an extinction cycle across the
globe. Conservation, awareness and sustainable development are the key
to safeguard these unique avian species.
Main Threats
Electromagneti
Bad weather Deforestation c waves
Bad weather and Migratory birds rest
natural disasters leads
Mobile phone
in forests during produces
to death of migratory migration
birds harmful waves
Types of
04 migration
Different types of migrating birds
Types of migration
Resident Short-
1.
migration distance 2.
migration
Medium- Long-
3. distance distance 4.
migration migration
1. Resident migration
It is a kind of migration in which birds do not

travel a lot instead they search a warm and
cosy place to live and to breed. This type of
migration takes place in many small birds as
they do not tend to migrate much.
Now let’s take a look at few birds which follow

this type of migration:-
A. Robin
European Robins are often called
chats. British Robins are largely
resident but a small minority,
usually females, migrate to
southern Europe during winter
and a few of these migrate as far
as Spain.
B. House sparrow
House sparrows are common
breed of bird found almost
everywhere around the globe.
House sparrows are not known for
migration instead they just find a
warm and cozy place for them to
stay and breed. Although Sparrow’s
are adjustable in every condition
they move mainly in search of
food.
2. Short-distance migration
Short distance migrating birds do not migrate much

they just move from lower elevation to mountainside.
Their migrating distance ranges between some
kilometers only. Their migration starts from early
winter. They usually migrate from one state to another
within a country.
Let’s take a look at birds which undergo this type of

migration :-
A. Eurasian
skylark
This is one of the most famous
songbirds in the world, celebrated by
British poets and naturalists. This
birds were introduced to various
parts of the world but they succeeded
to settle in some parts only. Skylark
are migratory bird and are known to
travel few kilometers only.
B. Merlin
The Merlin is a small species of
falcon from the northern
hemisphere with numerous
subspecies throughout North
America and Eurasia. They migrate
to tropical and subtropical regions in
winter. In recent decades merlin
populations in North America have
been significantly increasing, with
some merlins becoming so well
adapted to city life that they go
without migration.
3. Medium-distance migration
This kind of migratory birds won’t travel much but it won’t

mean that they will travel less. Their migratory range
ranges between several hundred to thousand kilometers.
They travel from one country to another in search of
shelter,food and for breeding.
Now, let’s take a look at few birds which follow this kind of
migration
A. Blue Jay
This common, large songbird is familiar to
many people, with its perky crest; blue, white,
and black plumage; and noisy calls. Blue Jays
are known for their intelligence and complex
social systems with tight family bonds.Blue
jays do migrate. Each year, groups
will gather in flocks, with as many
as fifty members, to migrate south
along the East Coast and Great
Lakes. However, some jays will stay
in their northern ranges
throughout winter.
B. Flamingo
They are noisy birds and they live

in big groups called flocks.
Flamingos are wading birds. This
means they live by water, such as
lakes. They are tall pink birds and
they prefer to stand on one leg
and reason for this is not
discovered. They migrate because
their hunting ground freezes in
winter
4. Long-distance migration
Long-distance migrating birds are known for their ability to

fly and cover long distances while migrating. They tend to
migrate form one continent to another covering a distance
of thousands of kilometers. Some of which travel from one
side of earth to another. Not many birds undergo this type
of migration as it requires lot of strength and energy .
Let’s take a look at few birds which undergo this type of

migration :-
A. Article tern
The arctic tern is a water-loving
bird that hatches during summer in
the Arctic Circle, the northernmost
part of the Northern Hemisphere.
During the unbearable cold,in dark
arctic winter, the arctic tern flies
south,
following the summer season all the
way to the Antarctic Circle on the
other side of the Earth. They are
migratory birds known for traveling
long distances .
B. Siberian crane
These are large migratory bird

native to Siberia, Russia. They
migrate in winter from Siberia
to southern Asia including
india, china and many other
countries. During their
migration they cover a
whooping distance ranging
between 4,000-7,000
kilometers in search of warmer
climate.
Thank you!

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Migratory birds –

Tracing their first

Climate change, habitat loss, hunting and mobile

It is a kind of migration in which birds do not

Now let’s take a look at few birds which follow

Short distance migrating birds do not migrate much

Let’s take a look at birds which undergo this type of

This kind of migratory birds won’t travel much but it won’t

They are noisy birds and they live

Long-distance migrating birds are known for their ability to

Let’s take a look at few birds which undergo this type of

These are large migratory bird

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