Solution

ASSIGNMENT

Class 10 - Mathematics

1.
−3√2 √2
(b) 2
,
4
– – –
Explanation: 4x 2 2
+ 5√2x − 3 = 4x + 6√2x − √2x − 3
– – – – –
= 2√2x(√2x + 3) − (√2x + 3) = (√2x + 3)(2√2x − 1)

−3 √2 −3√2 √2 √2
∴ x = × =
2
or x = 1
× =
4
√2 √2 2√2 √2

2.

(c)

Explanation: For more than three distinct real roots the graph must cut x-axis at least four times.
3.
– –
(c) 3√2, −2√2
– – –
Explanation: x 2 2
− √2x − 12 = x − 3√2x + 2√2x − 12
– – – – –
= x(x − 3√2) + 2√2(x − 3√2) = (x − 3√2)(x + 2√2)
– –
∴ x = 3√2 or x = −2√2
4.

(d)

Explanation:

The shape of a quadratic polynomial is either upward or downward U - shaped curve i.e., an upward or downward parabola.
Also, the graph of the quadratic equation cuts the X - axis at the most at two points, but in fig it cuts the X - axis at three points.
∴ fig is not the graph of a quadratic polynomial.

5. (a) 5x3 is a monomial

Explanation: 5x3 is a monomial as it contains only one term.
6. The parabola y = ax + bx + c cuts y-axis.
2

Putting x = 0 in y = ax + bx + c ⇒ y = c2

Clearly, P lies on Oy. Therefore c >0

Hence, the sign of c is positive.
7. The graph of the polynomial f (x) = ax + bx + c touches x−axis at one point. And we know that if the graph intersects or
2

touches the X-axis at exactly one point then a quadratic polynomial has two equal zeroes.

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 Hence the number of real zeros of f(x) is 2 and b² - 4 ac = 0.
8. Clearly, f (x) = ax + bx + c represent a parabola opening upwards. Therefore, a>0
2

Since the parabola cuts the x-axis at two points, this means that the polynomial will have two real solutions.
Hence b − 4ac > 0
2

Hence a>0 and b − 4ac > 0

2

9. The graph of a polynomial f(x) touches x−axis at two points.

We know that if a curve touches the x-axis at two points then it has two distinct roots each repeated two times.
Therefore, the number of zeros of this polynomial is 4
10.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: The highest power of x in the polynomial P(x) = 4x3 - x2 + 5x4 + 3x - 2 is 4
Therefore, the degree of the polynomial P(x) is 4
A is false but R is true.
11.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: As constant polynomial is only a real number, it has degree as zero, so it has non-zero, so it will never cut x-axis
at any point.
12.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: x2 + 7x + 12 = 0
⇒ x2 + 4x + 3x + 12 = 0
⇒ x(x + 4) + 3(x + 4) = 0

⇒ (x + 4) (x + 3) = 0

⇒ (x + 4) = 0 or (x + 3) = 0

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 ⇒ x = -4 or x = -3
Therefore, x2 + 7x + 12 has two real zeroes.
13.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Number of zeroes of linear polynomial is always only.
14.
(c) 5(9x2 - 4}
Explanation: let P(x) = 5(9x2 - 4)
−2 −2
if 3
and 2

3
are zeros of P(x) then P( 3
) = 0 and P( ) = 0 must satisfy.
2

3
−2
P( 3
)=0
)2 - 4)
−2
5(9( 3

= 5(9( ) - 4) 4

= 5(4 - 4) = 0 Satisfied.
again
2
P( ) = 0
3

= 5(9( )2 - 4) 2

= 5(9( ) - 4) 4

= 5(4 - 4) = ​0 Satisfied.
are zeros of P(x) = ​5(9x2 - 4)
−2 2
hence, 3
and 3

15.
(c) c and a have the same sign
Explanation: If the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial ax + bx + c, c ≠ 0 are equal, then b − 4ac = 0 . ⟹ 2 2 2
b = 4ac .
Here b is always positive
2

And this is possible only if a and c are both positive or both negative. Hence both should have the same sign

16.
5
(d) 4

Explanation: P(x) = 2x2 - x - 1

−1
α + β = −( ) =
1

2 2

αβ = −1

(α + β )2 = α 2 + β 2 + 2αβ
( )2 = α 2 + β 2 + 2(
1 −1
)
2 2

4
+ 1​= α 2 + β 2​
α
2 + β2 = 5

17.
(b) 145

Explanation: Here a = 3, b = 11, c = -4

Since α + β = (α + β) − 2αβ
2 2 2

2 2 2
−b b −2ac
=( a
) − 2 ×
c

a
= b
−
2c

a
=
a2 a2
2
(11) −2×3×(−4)
Putting the values of a, b and c, we get = 2
(3)

121+24
= 9
145
= 9

18.
−3
(c) 7

Explanation: Given; P(x) = 4x2 - 3x - 7

3
α +β= 4

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 −7
αβ = 4
α+β

α
1
+ 1

β
= αβ

= 4

−7

4
−3
= 7

19.
−b
(c) c

Explanation: Explanation here: Here, 1

α
+
1

α+β
= αβ

−b
−b
= a

c
=
c
a

20.
(b) 3

2
, -1
Explanation: 2x2 - x - 3
2x2 - 3x + 2x - 3
x(2x - 3) + 1 (2x - 3)
(2x - 3)(x + 1)
Zeroes are and -1 3

21. (a) qx2 + px + 1

Explanation: Let α and β be the zeros of the polynomial f (x) = x 2
+ px + q .Then,
− Coefficient of x p
α + β = = − = −p
2 1
Coefficient of x
Constant term q
And αβ = 2
=
1
=q
Coefficient of x

Let S and R denote respectively the sum and product of the zeros of a polynomial whose zeros are 1

α
and 1

β
, then
1 1 α+β −p
S = + = =
α β αβ q

1 1 1 1
R= × = =
α β αβ q

Hence, the required polynomial g(x) whose sum and product of zeros are S and R is given by
2
x − Sx + R = 0

2 P 1
x + x + = 0
q q

2
qx +P x+1
= 0
q

2
⇒ qx + px + 1

So g(x) = qx
2
+ px + 1

22. (a) 5
Explanation: The Given polynomial is f (x) = 5x 2
+ 13x + k .
Product of roots = k/5
k
1 =
5

⇒ k=5
23.
(b) 3, -1
Explanation: x2 - 2x - 3 = x2 - 3x + x - 3
= x(x - 3) + (x - 3) = (x - 3) (x + 1)
∴ (x - 3)(x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 3 or x = -1
24. We have
– 2 – – 2 –
f (x) = √3x − 8x + 4√3 = √3x − 6x − 2x + 4√3
– – –
= √3x(x − 2√3) − 2(x − 2√3)
– –
= (x − 2√3)(√3x − 2)
– –
∴ f (x) = 0, if (x − 2√3)(√3x − 2) = 0
– –
⇒ (x − 2√3) = 0 or (√3x − 2) = 0
– 2
⇒ x = 2√3 or x =
√3

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 –
So, the zeros of f(x) are 2√3 and 2

√3

Verification:
– −( coefficient of x)
Sum of zeros = (2√3 + 2
) =
8
=
2
√3 √3 ( coefficient of x )

– 4√3
product of zeros = (2√3 ×
2
) = =
constant term

√3 √3 coefficient of x2

25. We have given the quadratic equation as: 6x2 - 3 - 7x

First of all we will write it into standard form as: 6x2 - 7x - 3
(Now we will factorize 7 such that the product of the factors is equal to - 18 and the sum is equal to - 7)
It can be written as
= 6x2 + 2x - 9x - 3
= 2x(3x + 1) - 3(3x + 1)
= (3x + 1)(2x - 3)
The value of 6x2 - 3 - 7x is zero when 3x + 1 = 0 or 2x − 3 = 0,
−1
i.e. X = 3
or
3

Therefore, the zeroes of 6x2 − 3 − 7x are

−1 3
and
3 2

−1 −(−7) −( coefficient of x)
Sum of zeroes = 3
+
3

2
=
7

6
=
6
=
2
coefficient of x
−1 3 −1 −3
Product of zeroes = 3
×
2
=
2
=
6
=
constant term

2
coefficient of x

Hence, verified
26. Here the given polynomial f(x) = x2 - (√3 + 1)x + √3
– –

= x2 - √3x - x + √3
– –

– –
= x(x - √3) - (x - √3)
–
= (x - √3)(x - 1)
–
f(x) = 0 if x = √3 or x = 1
–
Hence zeros of the polynomials are 1 and √3
In f(x) = x2 - (√3 + 1)x + √3
– –

– –
a = 1, b = - (√3 + 1), c = √3
– −( √3+1)
Sum of zeros = √3 + 1 = − 1
= −
b

– – √3
Product of zeros = √3 × 1 = √3 = 1
=
c

Hence, the relationship is verified.

27. i. Quadratic polynomial is x − (sum of zeros)x + product of 2
zeros
– –
∴ Required polynomial = x − (2)x + √2 = x − 2x + √2
2 2

ii. Quadratic polynomial is x − (sum of zeros)x + product of2

zeros
– –
∴ Required polynomial = x − (2 − √2)x + (2 − √7)
2

iii. Quadratic polynomial is x − (sum of zeros)x + product of2

zeros
– –
∴ Required polynomial = x
2
− √3x − √5

iv. Quadratic polynomial is x − (sum of 2

zeros)x + product of zeros

∴ Required polynomial = x −
2 2 1
x −
3 2

28. Given that,

Quadratic polynomial is x2 + 6x + 8
⇒ x2 + 6x + 8
⇒ x2 + 4x + 2x + 8

⇒ x(x + 4) + 2(x + 4)

⇒ (x + 2)(x + 4)

Zeroes are -2, -4

Now, Sum of zeroes = -2 + (-4) = -6
Product of zeroes = (-2) × (-4) = 8
−b −6
Also, Sum of zeroes = a
=
1
= -6
c 8
Product of zeroes = a
=
1
=8
Hence, relationship between zeroes and coefficients verified.

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29. Compare f(x) = 5x2 - 7x + 1 with ax2 + bx + c we get,
a = 5, b = - 7 and c= 1
Since α and β are the zeros of 5x2 - 7x + 1, we have
(b) (−7) 7
α + β = − = − =
a 5 5
c 1
αβ = =
a 5

1 1 β +α
∴ + =
α β αβ

5
=
1

7 5
= ×
5 1

=7
30. y2 +
3 – 1 –
2
√5y - 5= 2
(2y
2
+ 3√5y − 10)

1 2 – –
= (2y + 4√5y − √5y − 10)
2
1 – – –
= [2y(y + 2√5) − √5(y + 2√5)]
2
1 – –
= (y + 2√5)(2y − √5)
2

– √5
⇒ y = −2√5,
2
are zeroes of the polynomial.
If given polynomial is y2 +
– –
3

2
√5y - 5 then a = 1, b= 3

2
√5 and c = -5
– √5 −3√5
Sum of zeroes = −2√5 +
2
=
2
.......... (i)
−b −3√5
Also, a
=
2
------ (ii)
From (i) and (ii)
−b
Sum of zeroes = a

– √5
Product of zeroes = −2√5 × 2
= −5 .......... (iii)
−5
Also, c

a
=
1
= −5 .......... (iv)
From (iii) and (iv)
Product of zeroes = c

31. Let P (x) = 2x + 3x + λ 2

Its one zero is so P ( ) = 0 1

2
1

2
1 1 2 1
P( ) = 2 × ( ) + 3 ( ) + λ = 0
2 2 2
1
⇒ 2 × + 3/2 + λ = 0
4
1 3
⇒ + + λ = 0
2 2
4
⇒ + λ = 0
2

⇒ 2 + λ = 0

⇒ λ = -2
Let the other zero be α
1 3
Then α +
2
= −
2
3 1 4
⇒ α = − − = − = −2
2 2 2

32. Sum of zeroes of a quadratic polynomial is –b

a
and the product is c

a
−2 −3
So a + b = 5
and ab = 5

According to question
Sum of zeroes of the polynomial is 1

a
+ 1

b
a+b
= ab
−2

= −3
5

2
= 3
1
Product of zeroes of the polynomial is ab
1
= −3

5
−5
= 3

We know that a quadratic equation is of the form ax2 + bx + c

= x2 – 2

3
x– 5

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33. Here the given polynomial is
– –
f(s) = 2s − (1 + 2√2)s + √2
2

–
= s(2s − 1) − √2(2s − 1)
–
= (2s − 1)(s − √2)
–
Hence f(s) = 0 if 2s - 1 = 0 or s − √2 = 0
1 –
s= or s = √2
2

Verification of the relation between α , β , a, b and c

– – –
, β = √2 ,, a = 2, b = −(1 + 2√2) , c = √2
1
α =
2
−b
α + β =
a

1 – +(1+2√2)
⇒ + √2 =
2 2

1 – 1 2√2
⇒ + √2 = +
2 2 2
1 – 1 –
⇒ + √2 = + √2
2 2

⇒ LHS = RHS
Now, α × β = c

1 – √2
⇒ ( ) (√2) =
2 2
√2 √2
⇒ =
2 2

⇒ LHS = RHS
Hence verified.
34.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: A is false but R is true.
35. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: α = 2 and β = 3 ⇒ α + β = 5 and αβ = 6
So, polynomial is x2 – 5x + 6.
36.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
Explanation: Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
37.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Reason is correct. If α and β be the zeroes of the required polynomial f(x),
then (α + β) = 8 and αβ = 12
∴ f(x) = x2 - (α + β)x + αβ
⇒ f(x) = x2 - 8x + 12
So, Assertion is not correct
38. Two
39. 7 and -7
40. -(a + 1) = 2 + (-3) ⇒ a = 0
b = 2 × (–3) ⇒ b = -6
41. Let α and β be the zeroes of given polynomial
Here, α + β = -p and αβ = 45
(α - β )2 = 144
⇒ (α + β )2 - 4αβ = 144
⇒(-p)2 - 4 × 45 = 144
⇒ p = ±18

42. Point of intersection of graph of polynomial, gives the zeroes of the polynomial.
∴ zeroes = -4 and 7

43. Since, zero's are α = -4, β = 7

α + β = -4 + 7 = 3
αβ = -4 × 7 = -28

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 P(x) = x2 - (Sum of zeroes)x + product of zeroes
P(x) = x2 - 3x + (-28)
P(x) = x2 - 3x - 28
44. Product of zeroes = -4 × 7
= -28
45. a is a non-zero real number, b and c are any real numbers c.
46. 2
47. 81.2 m
48. quadratic polynomial
49. (x - 3) and (x - 2)
50. Graph of y = f(x) intersects X-axis at two distinct points. So we can say that no of zeros of y = f(x) is 2.
51. There will not be any zero if graph of f(x) does not intersect x- axis.
52. x2 + (a + 1) x + b is the quadratic polynomial.
2 and -3 are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial.
−(a+1)
Thus, 2 + (-3) = 1

(a+1)
⇒
1
=1
⇒ a+1=1
⇒ a = 0

Also, 2 × (-3) = b
⇒ b = -6

53. If -4 is zero of given polynomial then,

(-4)2 - 2(-4) - (7p + 3) = 0
⇒ 16 + 8 - 7p - 3 = 0

⇒ 7p = 21

⇒ p = 3

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