How The Motherboard Works
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsHow The Motherboard Works
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsHOW THE MOTHER CARD WORKS
Being the piece in charge of integrating
everything, the operation of the
motherboard is the most complex
process in modern computers. To
understand it in the simplest way
possible, it is best to study the different
pieces that make up the plate.
It will not need to be repeated that the
fundamental objective of the
motherboard is to integrate the operation of all the components. This process is
divided into two groups, known as bridges, a name derived from the communication
function they perform. The north bridge is responsible for making the CPU, GPU
and RAM a unit. At the other end we have the south bridge , responsible for
integrating peripherals (including video output), as well as storage units .
Apart from this, we have some other components that take care of different aspects.
The clock , in charge of regulating the speed with which tasks are carried
out, in addition to coordinating and programming its operation.
CMOS , a form of memory responsible for saving certain types of data that
must remain constant over time even when the equipment is not connected to
electricity. To fulfill this function, the CMOS has its own battery .
The BIOS , or Firmware, which we already explained what it consists of.
The different forms of Bus , which are space for the exchange of information
or energy.
Ports and connectors for
peripherals.
Expansion slots , where other
boards connect. Previously they
used to integrate cards with more
ports, and more recently graphics
and sound cards are often used.
RAM memory slots .
The motherboard , also known as motherboard , motherboard or main
board ( motherboard or mainboard in English), is a printed circuit card to
which the components that make up the computer are connected.
It is a fundamental part to assemble any desktop or laptop personal
computer or any device. It has a series of integrated circuits installed,
among which is the auxiliary integrated circuit ( chipset ), which serves as a
connection center between the microprocessor ( CPU ), random access
memory ( RAM ), expansion slots and other devices. .
It is installed inside a casing or cabinet that is usually made of sheet metal
and has a panel for connecting external devices and many internal
connectors and sockets for installing internal components.
The motherboard also includes a firmware called BIOS , which allows it to
perform basic functionalities, such as device testing, video and keyboard
operation, device recognition and loading the operating system .
CPU
The CPU is the brain of the computer, responsible for receiving orders and
executing them. CPUs are only compatible with certain motherboards. They
connect to the CPU input on the board, with the pin facing down, and a lever is
used to hold it. CPUs have a heat sink intended to prevent overheating, as well as
a fan. When you buy a motherboard and a CPU, they are usually bundled into a
single package.
PCI slots
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)
slots allow you to connect components
directly to the motherboard. There are as
many as 10 types of PCI slots available
on motherboards, with the larger ones
having higher speeds. PCI slots have
speeds of 33 and 66 MHz, while fast
slots can have speeds of up to 2.5 GHz.
The latter are also full duplex, which
means that information is sent and
received at the same time.
Graphic card
The graphics card, or graphics controller, is
a device that extracts data and converts it
into images to appear on the monitor.
Older graphics cards connected to the
accelerated graphics port (AGP) on the
motherboard, while newer ones use the
fast PCI slot. The High-performance cards
can be large enough to occupy two slots.
The most sophisticated cards allow two identical cards to be connected together,
using an SLI bridge.
Other components
Motherboards have external connectors for devices such as the mouse and
keyboard, monitor adapters, and audio connectors such as speakers and
microphones. The USB ports also allow you to connect devices with USB input to
the motherboard, which can take the place of the mouse, keyboard and audio
devices.