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5.
I left at noon, but Sherry (a) is an adverb because

had left somewhat earlier. it modifies the .
(b) is an adverb because
it modifies the .
Summary: An adverb is a word that modifies

a verb, or
an adjective, or
another adverb.
EXERCISE 4. Explain why the italicized word is an adverb.
Samples:
You acted wisely. Wisely modifies the v. acted .

You acted very wisely. Very modifies the adv. wisely .
You were very wise. Very modifies the adj. wise .
1. She poured the soup carefully. modifies the .
2. She poured quite carefully. modifies the .
3. She was quite careful. modifies the .
4. The apple was partly rotten. modifies the .
5. They behaved strangely. modifies the .
6. I was so angry. modifies the .
7. Please walk more slowly. modifies the .
8. The quarrel has not ended. modifies the .
9. Were you really afraid? modifies the .
10. Do not begin too suddenly. modifies the .
A DV E R B S 83
Forming Adverbs from Adjectives
I. Most adverbs are formed by adding ly to an adjective.
ADJECTIVE ADVERB
skillful + ly = skillfully
brave + ly = bravely
In some cases, however, as in II and III that follow, we must make a change in the
adjective before adding ly.
II. If an adjective ends in ic, add al before adding ly.

basic + al + ly = basically
terrific + al + ly = terrifically
III. If an adjective ends in y, change the y to i and then add ly.
easy iik [easi] + ly = easily
noisy iik [noisi] + ly = noisily
IV. If an adjective ends in le, do not add ly; simply change le to ly.
able iik ably
gentle iik gently
EXERCISE 1. Change the following adjectives to adverbs.
Samples:
ADVERB ADJECTIVE
wise wisely
lazy lazily
1. courageous
2. fierce
3. final
4. economic
5. annual
6. steady
7. favorable
8. scientific
84 PA R T S O F S P E E C H
9. possible
10. comfortable
EXERCISE 2. Change the following adverbs to adjectives.
Samples:
ADVERB ADJECTIVE
definitely definite
ably able
1. gradually
2. unluckily
3. unfortunately
4. basically
5. simply
Composition Hint
Adverbs can often help us express ourselves more concisely. Compare the following:
WORDY: You worked in a careless manner.
CONCISE: You worked carelessly.
EXERCISE 3. Express the following thoughts more concisely. Hint: Change the ital-
icized expression to an adverb ending in ly.
Samples:
The motor runs with a noisy sound.

The motor runs noisily.
Under normal conditions, we leave at 3 P.M.

Normally, we leave at 3 P.M.
1. They behaved in a strange way.
A DV E R B S 85
2. Under usual circumstances, the school bus is on time.
3. He acted like a foolish person.
4. All of a sudden, the lights went out.
5. My heart was beating at a rapid rate.
6. It is probable that you will soon feel better.
7. Our meetings are run in a democratic way.
8. In an angry voice, she demanded that we leave at once.
9. Try to explain the problem in simple language.
10. From a financial point of view, the business is sound.
Recognizing Adverbs and Adjectives
I. A word is not an adverb just because it ends in ly. To tell whether or not a partic-
ular word is an adverb, we must see how that word is used in its sentence.
Question 1: Is weekly an adverb in this sentence?
1. The workers receive a weekly salary.
Answer: No.
Reason: Weekly modifies the noun salary. A word that modifies a noun is an
adjective. Therefore, weekly, in sentence 1, is an adjective.
Question 2: Is weekly an adverb in the following sentence?

2. The workers are paid weekly.
Answer: Yes.
Reason: Weekly modifies the verb are paid. A word that modifies a verb is an
adverb. Therefore, in sentence 2, weekly is an adverb.
EXERCISE 1. Is the italicized word an adverb or an adjective? Hint: Before giving

your answer, check to see how the italicized word is used in its sentence.
Samples:
Today the mail came early. adverb

We had an early dinner. adjective
1. We pay the cell phone bill monthly.
2. How much is your monthly cell phone bill?
3. Do you read a newspaper daily?
4. Susan’s dad left for his daily trip to the office.
5. What is the minimum hourly wage?
6. The patient’s temperature was checked hourly.
II. Some words that do not end in ly—for example, long and fast—can be adverbs or
adjectives. Again, we must see how such words are used in their sentences before
saying that they are adverbs or adjectives.
Question 1: Is long an adverb in this sentence?
1. Did you wait long?
Answer: Yes.
Reason: Long modifies the verb did wait. A word that modifies a verb is an
adverb. Therefore, in sentence 1, long is an adverb.
Question 2: Is long an adverb in the following sentence?

2. They are going on a long trip.
Answer: No.
Reason: Long modifies the noun trip. A word that modifies a noun is an adjec-
tive. Therefore, long, in sentence 2, is an adjective.
A DV E R B S 87
EXERCISE 2. Indicate whether the italicized word is an adverb or an adjective, and
tell what it modifies.
Samples:
The clock is fast. Fast is an adjective

modifying the N. clock .
She runs fast. Fast is an adverb

modifying the V. runs .
1. These shoes are tight. Tight is an

modifying the .
2. You closed the lid tight. Tight is an

modifying the .
3. The patient is well. Well is an

modifying the .
4. They sang well. Well is an

modifying the .
5. Jack works hard. Hard is an

modifying the .
6. He is a hard worker. Hard is an

modifying the .
7. We applied late. Late is an

modifying the .
8. Our applications were late. Late is an

modifying the .
9. You threw high. High is an

modifying the .
10. Your throw was too high. High is an

modifying the .
Summary: Do not jump to the conclusion that a word is an adverb because it ends
in ly, or that a word is not an adverb because it does not end in ly.
To tell whether a word is an adverb, or an adjective, or any other part
of speech, look at the way the word is used in its sentence.

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5.

I left at noon, but Sherry (a) is an adverb because

Summary: An adverb is a word that modifies

EXERCISE 4. Explain why the italicized word is an adverb.

You acted wisely. Wisely modifies the v. acted .

1. She poured the soup carefully. modifies the .

2. She poured quite carefully. modifies the .

3. She was quite careful. modifies the .

4. The apple was partly rotten. modifies the .

5. They behaved strangely. modifies the .

6. I was so angry. modifies the .

7. Please walk more slowly. modifies the .

8. The quarrel has not ended. modifies the .

9. Were you really afraid? modifies the .

10. Do not begin too suddenly. modifies the .

II. If an adjective ends in ic, add al before adding ly.

EXERCISE 1. Change the following adjectives to adverbs.

EXERCISE 2. Change the following adverbs to adjectives.

WORDY: You worked in a careless manner.

CONCISE: You worked carelessly.

The motor runs with a noisy sound.

Under normal conditions, we leave at 3 P.M.

1. They behaved in a strange way.

3. He acted like a foolish person.

4. All of a sudden, the lights went out.

5. My heart was beating at a rapid rate.

6. It is probable that you will soon feel better.

7. Our meetings are run in a democratic way.

8. In an angry voice, she demanded that we leave at once.

9. Try to explain the problem in simple language.

10. From a financial point of view, the business is sound.

Recognizing Adverbs and Adjectives

Question 2: Is weekly an adverb in the following sentence?

EXERCISE 1. Is the italicized word an adverb or an adjective? Hint: Before giving

Today the mail came early. adverb

1. We pay the cell phone bill monthly.

2. How much is your monthly cell phone bill?

3. Do you read a newspaper daily?

4. Susan’s dad left for his daily trip to the office.

5. What is the minimum hourly wage?

6. The patient’s temperature was checked hourly.

Question 2: Is long an adverb in the following sentence?

The clock is fast. Fast is an adjective

She runs fast. Fast is an adverb

1. These shoes are tight. Tight is an

2. You closed the lid tight. Tight is an

3. The patient is well. Well is an

4. They sang well. Well is an

5. Jack works hard. Hard is an

6. He is a hard worker. Hard is an

7. We applied late. Late is an

8. Our applications were late. Late is an

9. You threw high. High is an

10. Your throw was too high. High is an

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