1.

MAJOR EVENTS AND MAJOR DYNASTIES IN HISTORY OF MADHYA PRADESH

ANCIENT HISTORY OF MP
MADHYA PRADESH
▪ As the name implies4madhya means "central" and pradesh means "region" or "state"4
it is situated in the heart of the country.
▪ This central region belongs to the Gondwana land the southern part of supercontinent
Pangea.
▪ The term Gondwana means the land of the Gonds and even today, MP continues to be
inhabited by various tribal groups
Prehistoric Period of Madhya Pradesh
▪ Prehistoric period - No written records/ Only Archaelogical evidences. (Settlements)
▪ Prehistoric age classified into STONE AGE and CHALCOLITHIC AGE
▪ The prehistoric settlements in present day MP developed primarily in the valleys of
rivers such as
✓ Narmada
✓ Chambal
✓ Betwa.
▪ Relics of prehistoric human beings have been found in Bhimbetka, Hoshangabad,
Sagar, Bhopal, Raisen, Nemawar, Chhanera, Maheshwar, Pachmarhi, Adamgarh,
Mandsaur;
▪ In Eran, Kundam, Arjuni, Jaykara, Jabalpur, Damoh, Hata Sagar, Hoshangabad
regions of Madhya Pradesh, evidence of Stone-Age era have been found.
Prehistoric - Stone Age Era
▪ Indian Stone Age is divided into three stages4Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic.
▪ In Eran, Kundam, Arjuni, Jaykara, Jabalpur, Damoh, Hata Sagar, Hoshangabad
regions of Madhya Pradesh, evidence of Stone-Age era have been found.
1. The Paleolithic Age4Hunters and Food Gatherers (2.5 Lakh-10000 BC)
 Main Sites in MP-evidence found from the river valleys of
 Narmada
 Son
 Chambal
 Betwa 3 Hand axe made of quartzite discovered from Betwa Valley
 Parvati
 Hiran
 Venganga.
Bhimbetka is Special 3 (By Dr Wakankar)
▪ Bhimbetka in MP is the most significant prehistoric site-it not only exhibits earliest
traces of human life in MP but also on Indian sub-continent.
▪ Here evidences of continuous occupation by man have been found from prehistoric to
the historic period.
▪ Location: Raisen District
▪ 40 kms from Bhopal
▪ Designated as UNESCO World Heritage Site 2003.
▪ 3rd UNESCO site of MP after Khajuraho and Sanchi
▪ Total 500 caves , all with rock paintings
▪ Hunting Dancing and domestic activities
Hathnaura
▪ First evidence of Human Existence
▪ Sehore District 3 Hathnaura Village
 ▪ Narmada Valley
▪ 30 km from Hoshangabad City
▪ Narmada Man 3 Fossil Skull in Dec 5th 1982
▪ By Geologist Arun Sonakia.
▪ It may be late evolved form of Homo Erectus

SITES LIST
Upper Paleolithic
Hathnora Bhimbetaka Adamgarh Narmada Valley Madhya Pradesh
Middle Paleolithic
Bhimbetaka Narmada Valley Madhya Pradesh
Lower Paleolithic
Jogdaha Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh
Bhimbetaka Narmada, Valley Madhya Pradesh

2. The Mesolithic Age4Hunters and Herders (10,000-6,000 BC)

 Microliths are found in the valley of Betwa,Chambal and Narmada
Adamgarh
▪ Most important mesolithic site in MP is Adamgarh • On Banks of river Narmada
▪ Adamgarh Hills (Hoshangabad district) are famous for the pre-historic rock shelters
and rock paintings found in the hills.
▪ Paintings depict 3 HUNTING, DANCING , DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES
▪ Stone Age artefacts (lower palaeolithic and Mesolithic implements) have been excavated
here.
▪ Other sites include
✓ East Nimar
✓ Shahdol
✓ Mandsaur,
✓ Hoshangabad, Rewa, Sehore, Ujjain, Mandla, Chhatarpur, Chhindwara, etc.
3. The Neolithic Age4Food Producers (6000 BC4000 BC)
 Sharp edge tools
 Most Important Feature: Agriculture or domestication of plants as well as animals
 Rice, wheat, barley, millets
 Domestication of animals (sheep, goat, cattle) led to emergence of village life, and
division of labor based on sex.
Prehistoric - Copper Age 4000 to 1200 BC
• At the end of the Neolithic age, we see the use of metals.
• Chalcolithic means stone4copper age. So after stone, metal began to be used for making
tools.
• And copper was the first metal to be used by man.
• This civilization existed in Malwa region.
Main sites of Chalcolithic Culture in MP
• Valleys of Narmada, Chambal, Betwa, Jabalpur, Balaghat, etc.

Kayatha (Ujjain) (Dr Wakankar)

• Within Ujjain Distt
• Located on the banks of CHOTI SINDH.
• Kayatha was the first chalcolithic habitation in MP.
• Oldest town excavated belonging to Chalcolithic period.
• It later flourished as agro based economy during Gupta Period.
• Astrologer Varahmihira was born in kayatha.
• Dr Wakankar had discovered Kayatha and Nagda.

Eran
• Located in Sagar District
• Ancient Name Erikin
• Time period 2000 to 700 BC.
• Eran also flourished under Gupta Dynasty
• Eran Inscription is famous 3 illustrating a SATI sacrifice incidence)

Navdatoli
• Located in Khargone (West Nimar)
• Situated on the banks of NARMADA
• Time period 1600 BC
• Cottages in round and rectangular shape
• CHULHA
• Presence of Migrated Foreigners

Avara - Mandsaur

• Contemporrary to the Maheswar , Navdatoli

Dangwala - Ujjain
Nagda - Ujjain (By Dr Wakankar)
o Ujjain District
o On the banks of Shipra

Other Chalcolithic Sites

o Besnagar (Vidisha) (Besnagar Inscription is there)
o Maheshwar (Khargone)
o Khedinama ( Hoshangabad)
o Azad Nagar ( Indore City)
o Shajapur o Dhar
o Jabalpur
o Bhind

• Dr Wakankar had discovered Kayatha and Nagda.

• Dr Sankalia discovered Maheshwar and Navadatoli.

PREHISTORIC SITES WITH ROCK PAINTINGS

• Bhimbetka: Raisen District
• Adamgarh 3 Hoshangabad District
• Panarpani 3 Pachmarhi, Hoshangabad District3 Mama Bhanja Rock Paintings
• Mara Caves 3 Sidhi

HISTORIC PERIOD
• Ancient history of Madhya Pradesh is different from Indian in 3 aspects
o Absence of grey painting wares (as it reflects the beginning of iron age of northern
India)
o Chalcolithic sites continued till 600 BC
o Effect of Megalithic culture from South India. (Megaliths found in REWA and SEONI.

Iron Age
• Evidence of Iron Age found in Chambal Valley 3 Bhind Morena Sheopur and Gwalior

Vedic Period
• The Vindhyas formed the southern boundary of the Indo-Aryan territory
• Rigveda 3 Does not mention the name Narmada
• Samaveda • Yajurveda
• Atharvaveda
• Brahamanas Aitraye
• Mentions about the NISHAD tribe settled in dense forest of MP
• Mentions about the rule of NAG dynasty in Narmada Territory
• Purukuts changed the name of river REWA to NARMADA
• Puranas and EPICS
• Karush Dynasty
• Yayati Dynasty
• Chandra Dynasty (El kingdom)
• Yadu Dynasty
• Dantvakra founded the DATIYA
• Tulsidas Ji received the blessings of lord Rama in CHITRAKOOT
• Lord Rama spend most of the exile time in DANDKARANAYA (BASTAR)
• MAHABHARATA 3 Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand supported PANDAVAS and Malwa
region supported KAURAVAS.
• Main cities during Mahabharata 3 MAHISHMATI(Maheshwar), UJJAINI(Ujjain),
KUNDALPUR(KUNTALPUR), VIRATPURI (Sohagpur)

Ancient names of Cities and Rivers

• Mahismati 3 Maheshwar
• Gopalgiri 3 Gwalior
• Viratpuri 3 Sohagpur
• Indraput 3 Indore
• Ujjaini 3 Ujjain
• Bhojtal 3 Bhopal
• Dharanagri 3 Dhar
• Bhatha(Bharhut) 3 Rewa
• Achhara 3 Satna
• Kakvya 3 kakonodbot 3 Sanchi
• Kuntalpur 3 Kindiya
• Rewa 3 Narmada (Rewa to Narmada by Purukut)
• Vetravati / Netravati 3 Betwa
• Shiktimani 3 Ken
• Charmanvati 3 Chambal

Mahajanpadas Period
• At the end of Vedic Period there were total 16 Mahajanpadas.
• The Buddhist text Anguttara Nikaya which gives the names of the 16 mahajanapadas,
names three from central India4

o Avanti (Ujjaini Malwa regions)

o Chedi (Bundelkhand - from Shaktimati in North to Tripuri in South)
o Vatsa (Kaushambi as capital)

• The Pali language Buddhist works mention several important cities in central India,
including Ujjaini, Vidisha and Mahishmati (Maheshwar).

1. Chedi Mahajanpada
• Eastern part of modern Bundelkhand and nearby area comes under Chedi Mahajanpada.
• Its capital was Shaktimati in the northern part and Chedi and southern part extended till
Tripuri (Tewar, Jabalpur)
• At Mahabharata period its ruler was Shishupal.
• Shishupal9s head was cut by Krishna, after that it was weakened and captured by
Magadha.(Mahapadmananda of nanda dynasty occupied Chedi)
• Buddhist Text - Chetak Jatak contains information about the Chedi king.

2. Avanti Mahajanpada
• Avanti Mahajanpada falls in modern day Malwa region [near Ujjain]
• Vetravati River divides it in north Avanti and south Avanti.
• Geographically, it was big kingdom so
o Ujjani ( Ujjain) was capital of north Avanti and
o Mahishmati (Maheshwar) was capital of south Avanti.
• According to ancient texts, Avanti was ruled successively by the
o Haihaya dynasty
o Vitihotra dynasty (a branch of the Haihayas) and
o Pradyota dynasty.
• Under the Pradyotas, Avanti became a major power of the Indian subcontinent.
• Avanti was later annexed into the Magadha empire by the Shishunag dynasty.
• The Shishunaga dynasty was overthrown by the Nandas, who were replaced by the
Mauryans.
• Avanti, Mahishmati, Krurdhar or Sudharshanpur were 4 famous cities, which were
praised in Buddhist literature.
• Name Avanti was given by Udayin .

The Haihayas of Mahishmati

• According to Puranic accounts, the Haihayas were the earliest rulers of Avanti, who
captured the region from the Nagas. Initially, they ruled from Mahishmati.
• Later, the whole janapada was divided into two parts with their respective capitals.
• The Haihayas were a confederation of five clans. Later, the Haihayas were better known by
their dominant clan, the Vitihotras.
• Ripunjaya, the last Vitihotra ruler of Ujjayini was overthrown by his amatya (minister)
Pulika, who placed his son, Pradyota on the throne.

Pradyota Dynasty Avanti

• Pradyota was a contemporary of Gautama Buddha.
• He was also known as Chandapradyota Mahasena.
• Most serious rival of Avanti was Magadha. So Chanda Pradyot fought against Bimbisara
but later the two became friends.
• When Pradyot suffered from jaundice, he requested Bimbisara to send his royal
physician4Jivaka to Ujjain.

• Pradyot was a contemporary of both Mahavira and Buddha. Pradyot patronized Buddhism
and as a result, Avanti was a center for Buddhist activities during this time (though both
religions claim Pradyot as their supporter and devotee).
• Bimbisara9s Son Ajatshatru (Haryanka Dynasty) build patali village which later
• Pradyot was a contemporary of both Mahavira and Buddha. Pradyot patronized Buddhism
and as a result, Avanti was a center for Buddhist activities during this time (though both
religions claim Pradyot as their supporter and devotee).
• Bimbisara9s Son Ajatshatru (Haryanka Dynasty) build patali village which later

Magadh - Haryanka, Nanda and Mauryan Dynasty

• Capital of Haihaiyas, Mahishmati had been captured by Mahapadmananda.

• Chandragupta Maurya [323 3 298 BC] had defeated Nandas and formed huge Mauryan
Empire.
• Madhya Pradesh had been part of this empire.
• During the reign of second ruler of Mauryan Empire, emperor Bindusar [298 3 272 BC],
viceroy of AVANTI region was ASHOK.
• Avanti was named by Udayi [Udayan].

1. Ashoka
• Ashoka was appointed governor of Avanti. (administrative unit under Magadha)
• Ashoka [273 3 232BC] married daughter of merchant of Besnagar Vidisha [Bhilsa old
name].
• King Ashoka's wife name was Mahadevi (princess of Vidisha).
• Ashoka adopted Buddhism and made several stupas at:
o Sanchi,
o Vidisha,
o Bhojpur,
o Bharhut, etc.

• Ashoka built huge stupa in Ujjaini for Vaishyaputri (daughter of Merchant) queen
Mahadevi.
• As a King of Magadha, he constructed Sanchi Stupa (most magnificient).
• He built 84000 stupas in Sanchi to spread Buddhism.
• Stupas were also built in modern Vidisha, Satdhara, Sunami, Andher, Bhojpur, Roopnath
[Jabalpur] and Pangurariya [Sehore].
• Ashoka had built a stupa in Bharhut [Satna].
• Mahishmati was among the center to produce cotton clothes.
2. Stone inscriptions of Ashokan Era found in Madhya Pradesh are:
• Gurjara [Datia] (With Ashoka9s Name)
• Pangurariya [Sehore]; (With Ashoka9s Name)
• Roopnath [Jabalpur, Sehora Tehsil]
• Saro Maro [Shahdol]

SHUNGA SATVAHANA, INDOGREEK (BACTRIAN), SAKAS AND KUSHAN

Shunga Dynasty
• Founded by Pushyamitra Shunga.
• At the time of Pushyamitra Shunga, his son Agnimitra was the Magadhan viceroy at
Vidisha.
• Kalidas started his career from the court of Agnimitra where he wrote his first title
Malvikagnimitram (a drama on the love story of Agnimitra and Malvika).
• It was during Shungas, Indo-greek King Antialcidas sent the Greek ambassador
Heliodorus visited the court of Shunga King Bhagbhadra.
• Shungas constructed corridor around Stupa.
• Also constructed stupas at Bharhut Satna. (Discovered by Lord Cunningham 1875).

Satvahana
• Goutami putra Shatkarni conquered eastern Malwa (inscribed in Sanchi inscription)
• He defeated Saka ruler of Ujjaini.

Indo-Greek(Bactrian), Sakas, and Kushan Era

• Bactrian, Saka and Kushan coins have been found at several places in MP

Bactrian
• Demetrius (Sialkot)
• Successor Minander's(Milind) coins have been found at Balaghat.
• Nagasena or Nagarjuna converted Milind into Buddhism.

Sakas
• Started Kshatrap System
• Saka9s Ujjaini Kshatrap - Greatest king Rudradaman
• He renovate Sudarshan lake in Gujarat 3 Girnar inscription.
• Last king Rudrasen
• Saka9s Nasik Kshatrap ruler Nehpan's coins from Shivpuri and Jagalthumbi

Kushan
• Entered from western China
• Coins of Kujul KadIpses (First kushan king) was found in Vidisha district of Madhya
Pradesh
• Coins of Vima kadhipses - Shahdol
• Coins of Kanishka 3 Shahdol
• Coins of Huvishka- Harda
• Coins of Vasudev- Reward, Jabalpur
• Out of 757 coins of Shahdol by Kushan rulers, 44 coins belonged to Vima Kadphises.
• From Bhedaghat 3 2 inscription of Buddha, contemporary of Kushan Period

Gupta Period (4th century)

• It was established by Srigupta.

Who had connection with MP?

• Samudragupta
• Bhanugupta
• Chandragupta II
• Kumar Gupta
• Skandagupta

Key Points
• Samudragupta extended his empire to all parts of Madhya Pradesh and northern region of
Narmada.
• Chandragupta, a dynamic ruler of Gupta Dynasty, has spread its kingdom till parts of Madhya
Pradesh adjoining Allahabad.
• Chandragupta II/Vikramaditya defeated the Sakas of Ujjain and conquered Malwa.
• Chandragupta II made Ujjain his capital where he gave patronage to the Navratnas:

1. Kalidas
2. Vetalbhatta
3. Varahamihir
4. Dhanvantri
5. Amarsimha
6. Vararuchi
7. Ghatkapar
8. Harisena
9. Kshapanaka

• Sanchi inscription- Chandragupta haunted here during expedition to kill Sakas.

• Fahein visited Malwa during Chandragupta reign.
• Skandagupta- Indore inscription- he gave Grant in aid to Oil manufacturers. (TELI shreni)
• Bhanugupta- Eran inscription.

1. Bagh Caves
• The rock-cut temples at Bagh Caves (Dhar district) attest to the presence of Gupta dynasty
• Cave of Bagh was discovered by Dangerfield in 1818.
• Cave has nine paintings of Gupta period, out of which fourth and fifth painting is most secure.
• These caves were established by Buddhist monks, Dataka.
• These caves are surrounded by paintings, similar to Ajanta caves.

2. Architecture of Gupta era:

a) Shiva temple of Bhumara [Satna district] is made of iron.
b) Vishnu temple of Pipariya [Satna district in Uchhara near Pipariya], discovered in 1886 by K.D.
Vajpayee.
 c) Parvati temple of Nachna Kuthar [near Ajaigarh, Panna district], is built around a circular
platform of 35 feet.
d) Vishnu temple of Tigawva [Jabalpur district]. Sanctorum diameter is around 8 feet.
e) Vishnu temple of Eran [Sagar district], is in ruins.

In 528, Yasodharman of Malwa defeated the Hunas, who had invaded India from the northwest and
ended their expansion. In this way, Malwa reemerged from the disintegrating Gupta Empire as a
separate kingdom.

Pushyabhuti Dynasty Vardhan Empire

• During the seventh century, the region was conquered by King Harsha from Thaneshwar.
• He reunited northern India for a few decades before his death in 647.

Harshavardhana Period
• Aihole inscription 3 Harsha defeated by Pulkeshin II (Chalukyas) at the south side of Narmada.

MEDIEVAL HISTORY OF MP

Gurjara Pratihara (Ujjaini & Kannauj) 700-900

• They originated from Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
• Later migrated to Ujjaini (Malwa).
• They ruled first at Ujjaini and later at Kannauj. The Gurjara-Pratiharas prevented the
Arabs from moving east of the Indus River.
• Founder: Harish Chandra
• Nagbhatta I : Successfully defended kingdom from Arabs.
• Vatsaraj : He started the Tripartite Struggle with Palas (bengal) and Rashtrakutas for
Kannauj.
• Nagbhatta II: Became the most powerful dynasty in northern India under Nagabhata II. He
defeated Dharmpal and captured Kannauj. Later Rashtrakuta king GOVIND III defeated
Nagbhatta II.
• Nagabhatta II grandson was Mihira Bhoja.
• Mihir Bhoj [836 3 882 AD] ruled over Malwa and his objective was to re-establish control
over Bundelkhand, which was captured by Rashtrakuta rulers.
• Gwalior and Kahla inscriptions mentioned about MihirBhoja. (Arabian Traveller Suleman
mentioned about him.)
• Mahipal: Arabian traveller AL MASUDI mentioned about him.
• Rajyapal: Killed by Chandela king Vidyadhar.
• Yashpal : Last ruler of Pratiharas.

Rashtrakutas (Betul and Manyakhet/Malkheda)

• In 786, the malkheda region was captured by the south Indian dynasty4 Rashtrakuta
kings of the Deccan.
• This period saw the triangular struggle for power between Palas-PratiharasRashtrakutas.
• From 7th to 10th century, Rashtrakuta dynasty had two branches:
o First ruled over Betul 3 Amaravati (Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra)
o Second ruled over Manyakhet.
• Founded by Dantidurga.
• Dantidurga attacked Ujjaini and defeated Gurjara king. He made a large part of Madhya
Pradesh his empire.
• The Rashtrakutas appointed the Rajput clan of Paramara rulers as governors of Malwa.
So, the medieval period saw the rise of the rajputs such as the Parmars of Malwa and the
Chandels of Bundelkhand

Parmara (800-1100)
• Dynasty was founded by Upendra or Krishnaraj.
• First independent leader of Parmara dynasty was Sriharsh Siyak 3 II.
• Around 972 CE, Siyaka (Sri Harsha) sacked the Rashtrakuta capital Manyakheta, and
established the Paramaras as a sovereign power.

VAKPATI MUNJA
• He was the first powerful leader.
• He constructed Munja Sagar in Dhar.
• During the reign of Vakpati Munja, the Malwa region in present-day Madhya Pradesh had
become the core Paramara territory

• Dharanagri (now Dhar) was their capital.

• He repeatedly defeated Chalukya king TAILEP II
• Following writers were part of his court: Parimal Gupta, Dhanik, Dhananjay, Halayudh,
Amitgati.

SINDURAJ NAVSHASHANK
• Son of Vakpati Munja
• Parimal Gupta continued in his court.
• Got the titles Shree Vallabha, Amoghvarsha etc

BHOJ PARMARA (Vakpati Munja’s Nephew) 1010-1060

• The most well known king of this dynasty was King Bhoj Parmara (1010 to 1060) .
• The dynasty reached its zenith under Munja's nephew Bhoja, whose kingdom extended
from Chittor in the north to Konkan in the south, and from the Sabarmati River in the
west to Vidisha in the east.
• Kingdom of Bhoj included Malwa, Konkan, Khandesh, Bhilsa, Dungarpur, Banswada,
Chittor and Godavari coastal area.
• Equal command over ARMS and ARTS
• He defeated: Kalchuri-Chedi, Chalukya Solanki etc. Ultimately Chalukya and Solanki
killed him.
• Under his rule Malwa became an intellectual center of India.
• He was also known as 8Kaviraj9 as he was very intelligent. He was a great polymath
philosopher-king of medieval India; his extensive writings (23 Books) on different subjects
covering philosophy, poetry, medicine, veterinary science, phonetics, yoga, and archery.
• Samrangsutra, Ayurveda Sarvasva, Sringara Manjari, Panjali Yoga , Sutravati etc.
• He built Saraswati temple in Dhar.
• Also built Shiv Temple in Bhojpur
• A manmade lake named Bhojsen/ Bhojtal.
• Bhopal [Bhojpal] was named after King Bhoj.
• His successors ruled until about 1305, when Malwa was conquered by the Delhi
Sultanate.
• Mahakaldev was last ruler of Parmara Dynasty, who ruled Malwa in 1305 AD.
• Iltutmish won over Vidisha in 1223 AD and looted Ujjain.
Chandels of Jejakbhukti 900-1206
• Chandel were earlier administrators of Pratihara rulers in the Kanyakubj region(Kannaj)
• Nannuk was founder of Chandel dynasty in Jejakbhukti (Bundelkhand) with Khajurvatika
(Garden of Dates - khajuraho as capital). He later shifted capital to Mahoba.
• His son was Vakpati and Vakpati9s II son9s were Jaishakti (Jai Jak 3 Jejakbhukti) and
Vijay Shakti.
• Yashovaram [925 3 950 AD], was son of Harshdev. During his rule, Chandel dynasty
reached its highest peak. First independent Chandela king of Jejakbhukti. Chaturbhuj
temple was constructed during his period.
• His kingdom was spread till Ganga and Yamuna after defeating Kalijnjar. (Banda District
UP)
• DHANGDEV: Warrior and patronage of architecture. Famous temples of Khajuraho
constructed especially the Parshvanath and Vishvanath temples.
• GANDADEV : Continued the construction process of Khajuraho temples.
• VIDYADHAR : Greatest among all Chandels. Defended kingdom against Mahmud Gazni.
Supported HINDU SANGH. Kandariya Mahadev Temple constructed under Vidhyadhar
reign.
• Parmardideva was the last Chandela Ruler.
• ALHA and UDAL were 2 brothers and famous warriors.
• Alha was a legendary general of the Chandel king Paramardideva, who fought Prithviraj
Chauhan in 1182 CE
• According to Myth, ALHA was a great devotee of MAA SHARDA at MAIHAR.
• CHANDELAs built Chaturbhuj temple dedicated to lord Vishnu and Kandariya Mahadev
Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva
• Chaturbhj temple is the only temple built by Chandelas without any erotic sculptures.
•

CHANDELA DYNASTY CHRONOLOGY

RULER RULING PERIOD DESCRIPTION
Nanuka 835 - 845 CE Founder of Chandela dynasty. Ruler of
Khajuravatika, fuedatory of Gujara-
Pratihara
Vakpati 845 - 865 CE Ruler of Khajuravatika, fuedatory of
GujaraPratihara
Shri Harshadev 900 - 925 CE Ruler of Jejakbhukti, fuedatory of
GujaraPratihara
Yashovarman 925 - 950 CE Independent King of Jejakbhukti.
Dhangadeva 950 - 999 CE Independent King of Jejakbhukti.
Gandadeva 999 - 1002 CE Independent King of Jejakbhukti
Vidyadhara Rao 1003 - 1035 CE Independent King of Jejakbhukti. (greatest
Chandela)
Madanavarman 1128 - 1165 CE Ruler of Mahoba.
Yahsovarman-II 1164 - 1165 CE Very short period ruler of Jejakbhukti
region.
Bhojavarman 1285 - 1288 CE Week ruler of Jejakbhukti region.
Viravarman 1315 CE Reduced to local chief

Kalchuri Dynasty [550 3 1740 AD]

Kalchuri of Mahishmati (Maheswar, Khargone) and Kalchuri of Tripuri (Tewar, Jabalpur) were
two branches of this dynasty.
1. Kalchuri of Mahishmati
• Its capital was Mahishmati (Maheshwar).
• First ruler was Krishanraja [550 3 575 AD], later Shankargad and Budhharaj.
• Budhharaj was displaced by Chalukya ruler and they shifted to Tripuri (Jabalpur)

2. Kalchuri of Tripuri (Tewar, Jabalpur)

• Its capital was Tripuri. (Remember that Chedi Mahajanpadas capital was Shaktimati)
• The Kalchuris of Tripuri (or the Kalchuris of Chedi) were a central Indian dynasty during 9
th to 12th centuries.
• They ruled the historical Chedi region (also known as Dahala-mandala), from their capital
Tripuri (present-day Tewar near Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh).
• The Kalachuris of Tripuri fought several battles against the Chandelas of Jejakabhukti,
and later had matrimonial alliances with them.

Kachchapgat Dynasty
• They had 3 branches
o Gwalior
o Duvakund
o Narvar

Gwalior Branch
• Their discription and achievement mentioned in SAAS BAHU Temple Gwalior.
• Laxman was their first king.
• Later times Mahmud Ghazni attacked and took control.

Duvakund Branch ( 100 kms from Gwalior)

• Inscripted in Duvakund inscription.

Narvar Branch
• Some kings inscripted in Copper place inscription.

DELHI SULTANATE [1206 to 1526 AD]

• Dilawar Khan Ghuri was the founder of Malwa Sultanate. He was initially the governor of
Delhi Sultanate in Malwa but asserted his independence in 1392. The capital was shifted
from Dhar to Mandu which was renamed Shadiabad (the city of joy).
• After his death, he was succeeded by his son Alp Khan, who assumed the title of Hoshang
Shah. (Hoshang Shah's Tomb is at Mandu).
• The Ghuri dynasty founded by Dilawar Khan Ghuri was replaced by the Khalji dynasty
founded by Mahmud Shah I.

1. Slave Dynasty [1206 3 1290 AD]

• Iltutmish in 1231 AD had attacked Gwalior fort and won it.

2. Khalji Dynasty [1290 3 1320 AD]

• Jalaluddin attacked Mandu and after looting, had gone back to Delhi.
• In 1295 AD, he came to Gwalior for hunting and built a rest house for visitors stay.
• In 1305 AD, Allauddin Khilji sent Multan9s Subedar, Ain-ul-mulk to Malwa for attack.
• He killed Mahkaldev [Malwa king] and his son and captured Ujjain, Dharnagri and
Chanderi.
• He appointed Ain-ul-mulk Multani as Subedar of Malwa.

3. Tughlaq Dynasty [1320 3 1414 AD] and Sayyad Dynasty [1414 - 1450 AD]
• Large part of MP like Vindhya Pradesh, Malwa and Bundelkhand were under Tughlaqs.
• When Narsimha became Gwalior ruler, Delhi influence over MP parts get reduced.
• He attacked Malwa with Muzaffar Shah [Gujarat ruler], for this he was imprisoned. After
mutiny in Malwa, Muzaffar Shah sent Hussain Shah and made Mandu his capital.

4. Lodi Dynasty [1451 3 1526 AD]

• Bahlol Lodi attacked Gwalior and won.
• Gwalior ruler Mansingh gave 30 lakh taka to Bahlol.
• Bahlot fell sick while returning from Gwalior and died near Jamil in 1489 AD.
• Ibrahim Lodi defeated Gwalior9s ruler Vikramjeet and ruled. However he was not able to
win Malwa.

Sher Shah II
• Shah II surrendered to Bahadur Shah, the sultan of Gujarat after the fort of Mandu fell to
Bahadur in 1531.
• In 1542, Sher Shah Suri conquered the kingdom and appointed Shujaat Khan as the
governor. His son, Baz Bahadur declared himself independent in 1555. In 1561, Akbar's
army led by Adham Khan and Pir Muhammad Khan attacked Malwa and defeated Baz
Bahadur in the battle of Sarangpur.

Mughal Era [1526 3 1858 AD]

• Tatar khan became independent ruler of Gwalior region.

• On 19 Jan 1528 AD, Babar defeated Medanirai (Malwa Subedar) and takes control over
Chanderi. Gwalior also became part of his empire.
• Babar9s son Humayun became Mughal emperor. During that time, Bahadur Shah became
independent and established control over Malwa.
• Again Humayun defeated Bahadur Shah and ruled over Malwa and area located west of
Bundelkhand.
• Humayun attacked Kalinjer, king Chandel surrendered.
• In 1542 AD, Shershah attacked Malwa and controlled Raisen fort. At the same time he
attacked Kalinjer and defeated Madhukar Shah.
• Shershah last campaign was Kalinjer campaign. Karit Singh (kalinjer Ruler, 1545 AD)
defied Shershah9s order and gave refuge to Veerbhan Singh Baghel (Rewa Ruler).
• At the time of Akbar rule, Bajbahadur [Malwa ruler] tried to become independent.
• Emperor Akbar (1556-1605) brought most of Madhya Pradesh under Mughal rule.
• In 1561 AD, Akbar sent Adham Khan Pir Mohammad and established control over Malwa.
• On 29 March 1561 AD, Mughal forces establishes control over Malwa9s capital Sarangpur.
• In 1564 AD, Akbar sent Asaf Khan to win Gondwana queen Durgawati was ruling
Gondwana as caretaker for her younger son Vir Narayan. She fought bravely but both
mother and son died in war.
• After the death of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 Mughal control began to
weaken, and the Marathas began to expand their influence.

Maratha Era

• Between 1720 and 1760 the Marathas took control of most of Madhya Pradesh, and
Maratha clans were established semiautonomous states under the nominal control of the
Maratha Peshwa.
• The Holkars of Indore ruled much of Malwa, and the Bhonsles of Nagpur dominated
Mahakoshal and Gondwana.
• Pawars ruled Dewas and Dhar, Scindias ruled much of the northern parts of the state
• Jhansi was founded by a Maratha general.
• Bhopal was ruled by a Muslim dynasty descended from the Afghan General Dost
Mohammed Khan. Bajirao first [1720 3 1740 AD] first time attacked Malwa in 1722 AD. In
1724 and 1728 he again attacked Malwa, and defeated Nizam in the attack on Bhopal.
• Treaty of Durai, a truce was declared between Bajirao first and Nizam in 1738. According
to it, entire Malwa region and land between Narmada and Chambal was supposed to be
given to Bajirao.
• There was a truce between Mughal ruler and Peshwa which was brokened by Jaisingh in
July 1741 AD. Malwa region was handed over to the Peshwas, Malwa was ruled by
Marathas for the first time.
• Chhatrasal [Bundelkhand administrator], in 1728 AD sought Bajirao9s help in fighting
Mohammad shah Bangas, Afghan ruler. Bajirao helped him in 1729. After victory,
Chhatrasal gifted half of Bundelkhand to Bajirao.
• In 1761, The Third Battle of Panipat brought an end to the Maratha expansion (when the
Marathas fought against Afghan invader Abdali). Neither the Afghans nor the Marathas
benefitted much from this battle.
• After defeat, Scindias and Holkars became independent rulers in north India.
• Yashwant Rao Holkar : Napolean of Central India
• Malhar Rao : First Maratha Subedar of Malwa.

GWALIOR STATE

• Gwalior State was a princely state during the British Raj.

• It was ruled by the Scindia dynasty of the Marathas in subsidiary alliance with the British.
The state was founded in the early eighteenth century by RanojiScindia, an influential
Maratha sardar. Under Mahadji Scindia (1761-1794) Gwalior State became a leading
power in northern India, and dominated the affairs of the confederacy.
• After the defeat of the Marathas in the Anglo-Maratha wars, the state came under British
suzerainity. Gwalior was the largest state in the Central India Agency, under the political
supervision of a Resident at Gwalior. In 1936, the Gwalior residency was separated from
the Central India Agency, and made answerable directly to the Governor-General of India.
After Independence in 1947, the Sindhia rulers acceded to the new Union of India, and
Gwalior state was absorbed into the new Indian state of Madhya Bharat.

Some of the prominent rulers of Gwalior state were

• Ranojirao Scindia (1731-1745)
• Mahadji Scindia/Madhavrao I (1768-1794)
• Daulat Rao Scindia (1794-1827)
• Jankojirao II Scindia (1827-1843)
• Madhav Rao II Scindia (1886-1925)
• Jivajirao Scindia (1925-1948)

BHOPAL STATE

• Bhopal State was an independent state of the eighteenth century India. From 1818 to
1947 it was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with British India, and an independent
state from 1947 to 1949.
• The state was founded by Dost Mohammad Khan, an Afghan soldier in the Mughal army.
He took advantage of the disintegrating Mughal empire and annexed several territories.
• For instance, he usurped the Rajput principality of Mangalgarh and the Gond kingdom of
Rani Kamlapati, after the death of their female rulers.
• He established his capital at Jagdishpur, 10 km from Bhopal and later renamed it as
Islamnagar.
• During the early 1720s, Khan fortified the city of Bhopal and assumed the title of Nawab.
• In 1723, Bhopal came under the suzerainty of the Nizam of Hyderabad. In 1737, Marathas
defeated the Mughals and the Nawab of Bhopal in the Battle of Bhopal, and started
collecting tribute from the state. In 1818, Bhopal became a British princely state after the
defeat of the Marathas in the Third Anglo-Maratha war. The state was finally merged into
the Union of India in 1949 as Bhopal.

The Rule of the Begums

• Between 1819 and 1926, Bhopal state was ruled by four women-Begums4unique in the
royalty of those days.
• In 1819, the 18-year-old Qudsia Begum (also known as Gohar Begum) took over the reins
after the assassination of her husband.
• Qudsia Begum was the first woman ruler, who was succeeded by her only daughter
Sikandar Begum, who in turn was succeeded by her only daughter, Shah Jahan Begum.
• Sultan Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum was the last woman ruler, who after 25 years of rule,
abdicated in favor of her son, Hamidullah Khan.

1. Qudsia Begum (1819-1844)

• In 1819, 18-year-old Qudsia Begum (also known as Gohar Begum) took over the reins
after the assassination of her husband.
• She was the first female ruler of Bhopal.
• She built the Jama Masjid (mosque) and her beautiful palace the `Gohar Mahal' (also
called Nazar Bagh) in Bhopal.

2. Sikander Jahan Begum (1844-1868)

• In 1844, Sikander Begum succeeded her mother as the ruler of Bhopal.
• During the Revolt of 1857, she sided with the British and crushed all those who revolted
against them. She also built the Moti Masjid and Moti Mahal.

3. Shah Jahan Begum (1868-1901)

• Shah Jahan Begum was quite passionate about architecture, very much like the Mughal
emperor Shah Jahan.
• She built a vast mini-city, called Shahjahanabad after her.
4. Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum (1901-1930)
• She further advanced the emancipation of women and established a modern municipality
in 1903.
• She had her own palace Sadar Manzil (the present headquarters of Bhopal Municipal
Corporation).

5. Nawab Hamidullah Khan

• Sultan Kaikhusrau Jahan Begum's son, Nawab Hamidullah Khan, ascended the throne in
1926.
• He was Chancellor of the Chamber of Princes

2. CONTRIBUTION OF MADHYA PRADESH IN

FREEDOM MOVEMENT
MODERN HISTORY OF MP

• British defeated Peshwas, Holkars, Scindia and Bhonsles in first, second, third and fourth
battles. Anglo Maratha Wars
• In 1804, British Governor General Lord Wellesley and Scindia signed a treaty.
• On 3 June 1857, foot soldiers and horse riding divisions revolted and set bungalows in
camp on fire. There were armed revolts against British in Mandsaur, Mahidpur, Shivpuri,
Guna, Indore, Dhar, Mahu, Amjhera, Gwalior, etc. • On 14 June 1857, soldiers in Murar
camp near Gwalior destroyed communication system between Gwalior and Shivpuri.
• On 18 June, 1857, King Shankarshah, Raghunathshah and Vijay Raghavgadh raised a
banner of revolt in Mahakaushal region.
• In Ramgad [Mandla district], Avanti Bai led a revolt.
• On 1 July, 1857, in Indore; residency bungalow was attacked by soldiers under the
leadership of Shadat khan and Bhagirat Silawat.
• On 23 July 1857, revolt spread in Amjhera, Sardarpur and Bhopawar. An armed assault
was made to Britishers in leadership of Rana Bakhtawar Singh.
• Bhima ruler occupied Mandaleshwar, Sendhwa and Badwani.
• Four Baghela Sardars of Bundelkhand, Ranmat Singh, Shyam Singh, Dhir Singh and
Punjab Singh raised a banner of revolt and fought for long time.

PERSONALITIES

• Jawahar Singh Bundela of Chandrapur (Sagar)

• Tatya Tope and Nana Saheb4their messengers moved from place to place across the cities
of Gwalior, Mhow, Neemuch, Mandsaur, Jabalpur, Sagar, Bhopal, etc., and spread the
message of nationalism.
• Saadat Khan led the revolt at Mhow cantonment
• Rao Bakhtiyar Singh (of Amjhera) also revolted
• Bhima Nayak led revolt at Mandaleshwar, Sendhwa and Barwani
• Rani Avantibai (of Ramgarh state in Mandla) also revolted. Girdhari Bai (bodyguard)
extended support.
• Shankar Shah and Raghunath Shah (of Gadhmandla) revolted
• King Surajprasad (of Raghavgarh in Mahakaushal) revolted
• Rani Laxmibai revolted in Jhansi-Kalpi. Jhalkaari Bai (Rani's bodyguard) extended full
support

• 1905: First conference of Congress, organized by Dadasaheb Khapde in Nagpur 1905.

• 1906: Regional conference was organized by Gangadhar Chitins [1906] in Jabalpur.
• Seth Govind Das and Pt Dwarika Prasad Mishra led a march at mausoleum of Rani
Durgawati, 21 kms from Jabalpur.
• In 1923 at Jabalpur, Jhanda Satyagraha was organized
• In 1930, during Civil Disobedience Movement, march was organized from Rani Durgavati's
cemetery at Jabalpur and various places were covered such as Khandwa, Sehore,
Jabalpur, etc.
• In Seoni, Durgashankar Mehta broke salt law by making salt at Gandhi Chowk and
started satyagraha protest
• In 1930, Seoni (Duriya) tribals organized forests satyagraha
• Adivasis from Seoni, Turia and Ghoda Dongri [Betul] started Van Satyagrah in 1930.
• At GhoraDongri, Rajan Singh Korku led forest satyagraha
• 8 April 1931, Civil Disobedience agitation started in Sehore, Katni, Mandla and Damoh.
• 1931, at Chhatarpur (Charan Paduka village), Colonel Fischer opened fire at a peaceful,
meeting of freedom fighters. Six persons were killed. This event was compared with the
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (19 . April 1919, Amritsar, General Dyer)
• 1939, first individual satyagrahi was Vinoba Bhave from Jabalpur
• 1939, Tripuri [near Jabalpur] conference, Subhash Chandra Bose become Congress
president after defeating Pattabhi Sittaramaya.
• 1942, Quit India Movement commenced in Vidisha and Gwalior princely states. 8Do or Die9
agitation spread up to Hoshangabad, Gadarwara and Piparia and eventually to entire
Madhya Pradesh.
• British flags 8Union Jack9 were burnt in Jhabua and Dhar districts.

Important Events in MP during National Movement

1. Jhanda Satyagraha
• In March 1923, in Jabalpur, local officials got involved in a dispute regarding hoisting of
the tricolor.
• The dispute started when on 8 March 1923, Congress members were hoisting the tricolor
on the Municipality building but the British Deputy Commissioner ordered the tricolor to
be pulled down.
• Congress members started satyagraha to protest against official restriction. The protest
was led by :
o Subhadra Kumari Chauhan,
o Pandit Sundarlal Sharma and
o Nathuram Modi.
• The satyagrahis were prosecuted in a legal case after which center of jhanda satyagraha
shifted to Nagpur. Subhdnadra Kumari Chauhan and her husband Laxman Singh were
sent to Nagpur.
• On 18 August 1923, British officials allowed volunteers to carry out procession with the
tricolor. This procession was led by Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Vallabh Bhai Patel and Babu
Rajendra Prasad.

2. Jungle Satyagraha
• In 1930, in Ghora-Dogri (Betul) region, tribals sat on satyagraha protest. Jungle
satyagraha took its motivation from Mahatma Gandhi's salt satyagraha.
• During the protest, tribals of Ghora-Dogri,Betul region came out of the jungle with lathis
in hand and blankets on shoulders.
• They were led by Gunjan Singh Korku.
• Spread of the movement included jungles of Betul, Chhindwara, Seoni, Harda, Turiya,
Bnajari Dhaal and Ghunghati.

3. Charanpaduka Massacre
• On 14 January 1931, on Makar Sankranti day, in Chhatarpur district, an assembly was
organized at SinghpurCharanpaduka Ground situated on the bank of river Urmila. British
forces cornered the assembly and opened fire killing 21 persons and injuring 26 others.
• This massacre is termed as the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre of MP.
• The massacre further ignited people's aggression in entire Bundelkhand against British
rule. In 1939. Bundelkahnd Congress committee was set up and Ram Sahay Tiwari was
elected its President.

4. Punjab Mail Murder Case

• On 23-24 July 1931, VirYashvant Singh, Devnarayan Tiwari and Dalpat Rao attacked and
killed Haxel at Khandwa railway station. In the court case that ensued, Singh and Tiwari
were hanged to death, while Rao was sent to Kalapani.

5. Sohabal Massacre
• On 19 July 1938, in SohavalRiyasat in Hinauta village (district Satna), an assembly was
planned to be organized under the leadership of Lal Buddha Pratap Singh. However, even
before the assembly could be held, Singh and some of his men were shot dead by British
officials near Majan village. This incident is also known as Majan shooting case.

6. Tripuri Congress
• On 29 January 1939, 52nd Congress Session was held at Tripuri. In this session, Subhas
Chandra Bose was elected Congress President after he defeated Pattabhi Sitaramayya by
203 votes.

3. MAJOR TRIBES OF MADHYA PRADESH

• According to 2011 census the percentage of tribal population in India is 8.6%. The
praiseworthy fact is that their Sex Ratio is 984 which is better than the state and national
average
• In the state of MP, the percentage of tribal population is 21.1%. The distribution of the
tribal population is from Narmada River in the north to the Godavari River in the south
east, with the tribal people occupying mainly the slopes of mountainous regions.
• Maximum number of tribes in India, live in MP [46 tribes].
• Tribal population [2011 Census 3 15316784, 21.1% of total population of MP]
• Schedule caste population is 11342320 [15.6% of total population of MP]
• <Aadivasi= term 3 first time used by Thakkar Bappa [pioneer of Tribal Dev Program].
• Tribal Sub-plan 3 Fifth Five Year Plan [1974 3 75]
• Tribal areas in MP 3 31 [under Tribal Subplan]
• MP Tribal Research and Development Institute at BHOPAL.
• Vanya publication was founded in the year 1980, as a welfare undertaking of the
Government of MP, Department of Tribal, Scheduled Caste and Other Backward Classes.
Vanya has been registered by the Madhya Pradesh Firms and Societies. MP, Bhopal.

Geographical Distribution
• In the North-Eastern region of our state (which includes districts of Shandol, Sidhi,
Jabalpur, Rewa and Satna), there is a major concentration of tribal population particularly
of Kol, Mudiya, Agariya, Panika and Khairwar tribes. Kol is the major tribe in this area.
• In the Western region of our state (which includes Khandwa, Khargone, Jhabua, Ratlam
and Dhar), there is a major concentration of Bhil population.
• When will look into Southern region of our state (which includes districts of Mandla,
Balaghat, Seoni, Chhindwara, Betul and Hoshangabad), there is a major concentration of
Baiga, Gond, Bharia and Madia tribes.
• Three tribes of Madhya Pradesh Baiga, Bhariya and Sahariya have been declared specific
backward tribes by the Government of India

MAIN TRIBES of MP

1. Bhil Tribe • Largest Tribe of MP

• Sub Tribes 3 Bhilala, Patlia, Barela, Rathya
• Location 3 Jhabua, Dhar, Alirajpur, Badwani, Khargon, Burhanpur,
Ratlam and Neemuch.
• Festivals 3 Bhagoriya, Jatara, Narvani.
• Gol Gadhedo Utsav is related to Bhil tribe.
• Bow and arrow are the traditional weapon of Bhils and their houses are
called Ku. • The term Bhil is derived from the word Villus or Billu which
in Dravidian language means bow.
• Bhils are popularly known as the bow men of Rajasthan. Their chief
deity is Lord Shiva or Mahadev.
• The social organization of Bhils is village based and the place where they
live is known as Falya.
• Marriage by kidnapping is also seen in Bhil tribe.
• The Bhagoria tradition of Bhils is very famous which is organized every
year before Holi in kartik.
• Tadi is the famous drink of Bhil tribe.
2. Gond Tribe • Second Largest tribe of MP [India9s largest tribe is Gond]
• Location 3 Banks of Narmada river and Vindhya and Satpura ranges
• Districts 3 Betul, Hoshangabad, Chindwara, Shahdol, Mandla, Balaghat,
Damoh, Dhindori
• Sub Tribes 3 Pardhan, Agaria, Ojha, Solahas, Nagarchi.
• Main Deities 3 Thakur Deo, Dulha Deo, Narayan Deo, Budhi Mai, Khair
Mata.
• Folk Dance 3 Karma, Saila, Sua, Haridili, Special 3 Madai Fair, Dudh
Lautawa, <Khehul Pata= death anthem
• ABUJMADIYA are the most ancient Gonds.
• Chief economic activity of Gonds is agriculture.
• Festival of Gonds- Madhai
• Marriage traditions of Gonds include-Pathauni, Lamsena and Chaudh
vivah.
 • Gond death song is `Kheul Pata'.
• Gonds believe in souls and spirits
• The word Gond has been derived from the word Khonda which is of
Telugu origin which literally means hill and thus Gonds are inhabitants
of hilly region.
• Ghotul tradition which is more prevalent in Mudiyas is also practiced by
Gonds.
3. Baiga Tribe • Third largest tribe of MP
• Location 3 Balaghat, Mandla, Dindori, Sidhi
• Sub Tribes 3 Binjhwar,Bharotia, Ramaina, Nahar, Narotia, Kathmaina
• Extremely backward tribe and lives in forest
• Main Deity 3 Budha Deo
• Folk Dance 3 Karma, Bilma, Pardhauni, Gendi
• Veyvar 3 Jhum cultivation
• Jhumming cultivation is practiced in Baiga tribe and is also known as
pondu or veyvar.
4. Kol Tribe • Main tribe of Austric race
• Location 3 Rewa and Jabalpur division (Rewa Satna Shahol Sidhi)
• Sub tribe 3 Shaitiya, Rautel and Rautia
• Gohia 3 Panchayat of Kol
• Dialect 3 Munda, Bagheli
• Folk dance 3 Koldahka
• Gohiya panchayat is related to Kol tribe and their chief is called
Cahudhary.
5. Sahariya Tribe • Sahariya tribe is the sub tribe of Bhils.
• Declared special backward tribe of MP
• Sahariyas are mainly concentrated in north-west region of state. They
live mainly in patterns in a row called `Sahrana'.
• Location 3 North western MP regions like Gwailor, Shivpuri, Morena,
Bhind, Guna
• They are tribe of kolerian family
• They celebrate Hindu festivals
• Occupation 3 Agriculture laborers
• Term `Sahariya' is derived from `Sa' and `Hariya' which means with lion.
• Sahariya tribe people are experts in Herbs and shrubs which they collect
from forest and sell them and it is their chief economic activity. They
worship Hindu Gods.
6. Korku Tribe • Branch of Munda or Kolerian race
• Location 3 Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Betul, Harda, Burhanpur etc
• Sub Tribes 3 Dularia, Rum, Bobal, Patharia
• Main Deities 3 Dulha Deo, Budha Deo
• Lachaka 3 Liquid Meal Of Korku Tribe
7. Bharia Tribe • Extremely backward tribe
• Location 3 Chhindwara, Seoni, Jabalpur, Balaghat, Betul, Hoshagabad
etc.
• Bhariya (Dravidian) tribe are the inhabitants of Patalkot
• Famous Place- Patlkot [Chhindwara]
• Origin 3 Raja Karnadeo, King Of Baghelkhand
• Main Office Bearers 3 Mumka, Parihar, Kotwar Etc.
• Main Deities 3 Dhula Deo, Budha Deo, Bhimsen, Nag Deo etc
• The vernacular or language of Bharia tribe is Bharnoti.
8. Agaria Tribe • Most primitive tribe of MP thus considered Special Backward Tribe
• Location 3 Dindori, Mandla, Balaghat, Shahdol, Sidhi
• Special Achievement 3 Invention of iron
• Folk Dance 3 Karma, Shaila, Chilma
 • Main Deities - Thakur Deo, Shitla Mata, Dhula Deo, Budha Deo
9. Pardhi • Location 3 Sehore, Raisen
• Sub Tribes 3 Gosai, Cheeta, Shishi, Phans
10. Khairwar • Location: Sidhi, Shahdol, Panna, Chhatarpur

TRIBAL DANCE of MADHYA PRADESH

1. Karma Dance • Tribe / Area 3 Gond, Baiga, Kumhar, Kanwar, Virhor etc. [Mandla
Madhya Pradesh]
• Performed in Bihar, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh too
• Occasion 3 In the month after performing pooja of karma tree.
• Dance style 3 Expression of every activity of life along with the love
between men and women
• Instrument 3 Mandal
• Specialty 3 Several variations like Karma Ke Jhar Lahaki,
Jhoomar Langada, Thada, Types Karam, Khari, Khay, Jhulni,
Lahaki
2. Salia Dance • Tribe/Area 3 Gond, Baiga, Pardhan
• Occasion 3 Starts after sharad purnima in the moonlit nights
• Dance style 3 the name Salia comes because men and women hold
Parak / stick in hand while dancing. This dance of youths
expresses joy and happiness
• Instrument 3 Mandal
• Specialty 3 Men And Women take equal parts
3. Pardhoni • Tribe/ Area 3 Baiga
dance • Occasion 3 at the time of arrival of marriage processions [Barat]
• Dance style 3 An elephant is made of cot, winnowing basket
[Soop], mattresses, etc, the father in law sits astride it and dance
is performed on the tunes ofsongs
• Instrument 3 Naker [Nagada] and Timki
• Specialty 3 Bride Walks In Front Of The Elephant
4. Bilma Dance • Tribe/Area - Gonds and Baiga
• Occasion - on Dussera
• Dance style 3 young men and women of a village form groups and
visit other village to dance. Unmarried girls get decked up and
participate in the dance. They select the spouse while dancing
• Instrument 3 Mandal
5. Faag Dance • Tribe/ Area 3 Gond and Baiga
• Occasion 3 on Holi
• Dance style 3 young and old adivasis participate in the dance
enthusiastically. One or two persons entertain wearing wooden
masks and holding wooden sparrows.
6. Bhagoriya • Tribe/Area 3 Bhil [Jhabua, Alirajpur, Dhar, Barwani etc.]
Dance • Occasion 3 on Holi
• Dance style 3 young women decked up in colourful clothes and
young women holding bow-arrow in hand dance rapidly displaying
the bravery and love in people of Bhil community
• Instrument 3 Drum [dhol], mandal, thali, timki
• Specialty 3 young men and women choose spouse for haran vivah
 type of marriage through this dance
7. Thapti Dance • Tribe/Area 3 Karku
• Occasion 3 In the month of vaishakh
• Dance style 3 Men and women both participate. Men hold cotton
towel [pancha] in hand and women play chatkora with both hands
while both dance
• Instrument 3 Drum [dholak] and flute[bansuri]
• Specialty 3 Besides thapti dance, korkus organized dhandhal,
chachari, fagati, dhadaya etc dances.
8. Kol Dhaka • It is also called Kolhai dance
dance • Tribe/area 3 Kol [Baghelkhand]
• Dance style 3 Male singers and singers as well as women wearing
simple dress sing and dance. The songs have questions and
answers. Male singers have to answer for the song raising
question. Male singers dance in loud voice. The women dance and
men play instruments.
• Instrument 3 5-6 Drums [dhols] are played with intense Cymbal
[jhanj]
• Specialty 3 women move feet and fingers of hand at high speed
while dancing
9. Lahangi Dance • Tribe/area 3 Saharia [Gwalior division]
• Occasion 3 in the month of Shravan [ the day after
Rakshabandhan purnima on occasion of tejaji puja and on
ekadashi festival]
• Dance style 3 in this group dance, women walk with gujariyas
• Instrument 3 Dholak
• Specialty 3 Carnival of gujariyas
10. Dul Dul • Tribe/Area 3 Sahariya Gwalior division
Ghodi dance • Occasion 3 Festivals
• Instrument 3 Dhol, Nakar, Zika
• Specialty 3 The dance original comes from Rajasthan
11. Bharam • Traditional Dance of Bharias [Patalkot, Chindwara]
Sailam Dance • During Wedding
• Group dance by women
• Instrument 3 Timki, Dholak, Mridang, Flute
• Other names 3 Gannu Sahi, Bharot, Angam
12. Atari dance • Tribe 3 Korku
• Night of Jyeshth month Ashad
• Love songs
• Instrument 3 Dholak, Timki, Flute, Mridang

Important Awards for SC/ST

1. Sant Kabir Puraskar

• This award was started in the year 2009, by MP Tribal Welfare Department. The state
government gives away this award with the aim of recognizing the literary service and
contribution of SCs residing in the state.

2. Sant Ravidas Smriti Rajya Seva Puruskar

• This award was established in 2005. The award is given by the state government for the
service and contribution of individuals and social organizations working for the purpose of
development, welfare and social upliftment of SCs living in the state.

3. Shri Vishnu Kumar Anusuchit Jati Seva Samman

• Since the year 2010, this award has been instituted in the memory of founder of Seva
Bharti Shri Vishnu Kumar to honor individuals or voluntary organizations who have done
excellent work in the field of social service for the people of ST community.

National Commission For Scheduled Tribes

• The National Commission for schedule tribes is a constitutional body and has been
established under article 338-A of the Constitution. The separate National Commission for
ST's came into existence in the year 2004 and consists of a chairperson and vice
chairperson along with three other members. They are appointed by the President and
their conditions of service and tenure of office are also determined by the President.

Some of the functions of the Commission are:

• The commission investigates and monitors all the matters related to the constitutional and
other legal safeguards and also evaluates them.
• The commission inquires into the various complaints related to the deprivation of rights
and safeguards of the ST's.
• The commission also submits an annual report to the President who in turn places it
before the Parliament.
• The Central as well as State governments are required to consult the commission
regarding the policy matters related to the Scheduled Tribes.
• Note: The Ministry of Social Justice and empowerment coordinates all the affairs related to
the Scheduled Castes while the Ministry of Tribal Affairs works for the Scheduled Tribes.

Factual Takeaways
• Highest ST population is in Dhar district.
• Largest tribe of Madhya Pradesh is Bhil.
• The term Adivasi was first propounded by Thankkar Bappa.
• Every 13th person in India and every 5th person in MP is a tribal.
• Lowest percentage of ST population is in Bhind district.
• Lowest number of ST population in terms of number is also in Bhind district.
• Baiga, Bharia, Agaria and Saharia has been accorded special backward primitive tribes
status by central government.
• Verrier Elwin has written a book named 'The Baiga' on Baiga tribe.
• 'Paige' is a drink chiefly associated with Baiga tribe. It is also consumed by Bharia tribe.
• The first tribal radio that was started in Madhya Pradesh was Vanya in Chandrashekhar
Azad Nagar.
• MP Tribal Research and Development Institute is situated at Bhopal.
• Doodh Lautawa tradition of marriage is present in Gond tribe.
• Top three biggest Tribes of Madhya Pradesh are Bhil, Gond and Kol.
• Panika tribe is mainly Weavers caste or tribe and thus they are traditionally cloth
manufacturers, probably the first tribe to do so. In addition to weaving, agriculture is
another chief activity.
• Chief deities of Panikas include- Surya, Indra, Hanuman, Dulhadev, Budhimata,
Marahaimata and Hulkimai.
• People of Panika tribe are followers of Kabir.
• Dhanuk tribe is mainly found in Bhind, Morena, Ujjain, Ratlam, Jhabua, Indore and
Satna. They derive their name from the word `Dhanushk', meaning those who keep bow.
• Saur tribe is found in the region Sagar and Damoh. They worship Bhavani.

4. IMPORTANT TRIBAL PERSONALITIES OF

MADHYA PRADESH
• The fire of the freedom struggle that took five hundred years in the whole country, which
did not allow humanism to become a place in this entire environment, remained a part of
Indian consciousness from the fifteenth century.
• The examples of the way the tribal warriors faced the attackers armed with foreign
weapons and weapons with spears, spears, arrows and command throughout this period.
• There will be hundreds of stories in which heroes, inspired by heroes from small places to
small places, do not let the evil intentions succeed easily.

1. Rani Durgawati , Shankar Shah and Raghunath Shah

• The stories of Gondwana's queen Durgavati to King Shankar Shah and Raghunath Shah of
his own dynasty are precious chapters in the great saga of the sacrifice of tribals in the
freedom struggle.
• The struggle of Rani Durgavati dates back to the sixteenth century and the struggle of
Shankar Shah-Raghunath Shah to the nineteenth century, which gives us evidence that
the Indian tribal consciousness fought its identity and honor century-by-century

• Durgavati Maravi (1524-1564) was a ruling Queen of Gondwana from 1550 until 1564.
The name of her state was Gadhmandla and present day Jabalpur was the center of her
state. Her father, King Keerat Rai, was Rajput ruler of Chandel dynasty. She was born in
the famous Kalinjar fort in Banda, UP.
• She was married to Dalpat Shah, the eldest son of king Sangram Shah of Gond Dynasty.
This alliance between the Chandels and the Gonds was successful in curbing the
increasing power of Sher Shah Suri.
• In 1550, Dalpat Shah died leaving behind a young son named Vir Narayan. Rani took the
reigns of the Gond kingdom into her hands and ruled as the guardian of her son. Rani's
achievements further enhanced the glory of her ancestral tradition of courage and
patronage.
• Rani moved her capital to Chauragarh from Singaurgarh. Chauragarh was a fort of
strategic importance situated on the Satpura ranges. She was instrumental in
constructing various temples, dhramshalas, mathas and wells in her kingdom.
• In 1562, Akbar defeated Baz Bahadur and annexed Malwa. As a result, the borders of
Gond Kingdom now touched those of the Mughal Empire.
• In the year 1983, the Government of Madhya Pradesh renamed the University of Jabalpur
as Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya in her memory.

2. Bhoi Tribal Community and Revolt

• In the challenges of the nineteenth century, many tribal patriots from Madhya Pradesh
along with Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi and her associates Nana Saheb Peshwa and Tatya
Tope supported them.
• At the time when Tatya Tope used to appear and meditate almost like a miraculous man
who chewed the chickens to the British, it was a tough challenge to go through the
Chhindwara region and stay safe among the trusted patriots there.
• In this, the courageous youths of Bhoi community of Khas Tamia villages - Sahra Bhoi,
Jhanka Bhoi, Amaru Bhoi, Lotia Bhoi, Taparu Bhoi, Imrat Bhoi Kaundawala and Imrat
Bhoi Saiyam made the road to Tatya Tope easy.
• Not only this, these brave patriots used to work a lot for the Gond kings and their soldiers
who fought for the freedom struggle. Of these, Lotia Bhoi punished Jagirdar Bekhat Shah,
who met the British, for his actions.
• Sahra, Taparu and Imrat Bhoi Syam fought for the rescue of Jagirdar Mahavira Singh of
Harrakot, a refugee of Tatya Tope, who was found heroic.

3. Bundela Rebellions 3 Dhillon Shah

• During the Bundela Rebellion of 1842, the Cachars of Narmada and Gond Raja Dhillan
Shah of Madanpur of Narsinghpur district in Bundelkhand region, with their army, fought
against the British.
• Later the British resorted to forgiveness by putting pressure on the king.
• Dhillan Shah was not encouraged, when the rebellion of 1857, he again went with his
army with arms and fought the British, but this time the British defeated him.
• Dhillon Shah was martyred

4. Malguzar Devi Singh

• In Mahakaushal zone, Malguzar Devi Singh Gond of Nan Kauda combined his strength
with the soldiers of the 52nd Platoon of Jabalpur Cantonment and fought fiercely against
the British in the Battle of Putti. However, the English army numbered heavily on Devi
Singh with force and weapons. There was loss of life, soldiers were caught but Devi Singh
escaped by dodging the British.

5. King Mahipal Singh

• In the same way, King Mahipal Singh of Bhutgaon did not leave any stone unturned to
confront the British rule. Together with the rebel king of Vijayraghavgarh, he kept fighting,
dodging, absconding with the British and did not come into the hands of the British.

6. King Gangadhar of Mangadh

• King Gangadhar of Mangadh continued to push on the British in the same way, but the
British could catch him.

7. Shankar Shah
• The saga of valor of Shankar Shah and his son Raghunath Shah is well known in the
tribal uprising of Madhya Pradesh.
• After wandering across the country, they increased their power by the support of Rani
Lakshmibai and also received the weapons.
• Later they were sacrificed to death by a fraudster who was betrayed by the subjects of his
own faith. The British had sentenced them to fly with cannon.

8. Tantya Bhil
• Nimar region, like Mahakaushal, has not been untouched by the contributions of many
great brave patriots in history.
• In the revolution of 1857, Tantya Bhil was considered as divine and miraculous by people
like Ashwatthama and Robin Hood, who would appear where, when to become invisible,
not know how to live nor to confirm the death.
• Tantya Bhil was the messiah of the poor victims and miseries. Eleven years he took a front
against the British, running his rule.
• Tantya Bhils, also known as Tantya Mama, was also the nightmare for all those who were
moneylenders and landlords.
• Tantiya wanted to free India from the subjugation of the British and realize the Bhils'
dream of socialist society.
• He remained on the most wanted list of the British police for many years, he eluded them
and inflicted reverses on them several times.
• Ultimately, Tantya was arrested due to treachery of Ganpat, the husband of his sister
while he was getting rakhi tied. He was kept in Jabalpur jail where he was ruthlessly
tortured.
• The Sessions Court, Jabalpur sentenced him to be hanged till death on 19 October 1889.

9. Bhima Nayak
• Bhima Nayak was the hero of the princely state of Barwani.
• Bhima Nayak (1840-1876) was a Bhil hero born in Western Nimad. He had participated in
the Revolt of 1857 from Western Nimad region.
• He was a legendary freedom fighter who took on valiantly against the British. He also
motivated his community to join the struggle against the British rule.
• According to one account, Bhima's sphere of influence was spread from Barwani to
Khandesh region of Maharashtra. Bhima played a major role in the Ambapani battle in
1857. Bhima had also helped Tantia in crossing the Narmada while he visited Nimar.
• Bhima was finally caught and tried by the British authorities.
• He was subsequently incarcerated in the Cellular Jail in Port Blair, where he breathed his
last in 1876.

10.Khajya Nayaka
• Khajya Nayaka was also the hero of Nimar.
• Khwaja Nayak was the brother-in-law of Bheema who was known as Nimad's Robin Hood.
Khwaja was a sepoy in an East India Company detachment entrusted with patrolling a 34-
mile stretch from western Nimad's Sendhwa-Jamli Post to Maharashtra's Shirpur Post.
• He served the Britishers for two decades from 1831 and was then awarded ten years'
imprisonment for fatally beating up a highway robber while on patrol. However, he was
freed in five years owing to good behaviour. In 1857, when sepoys were revolting across
northern India, Khwaja was reenlisted by the Company but quit and joined Bheema after
being insulted by a British captain. Besides looting the treasury, they fought against
British. The Britishers made several attempts to crush the rebels but in vain. The latter
were surrounded on April 11, 1858 at Amba Pani between Barwani and Silawad. In the
ensuing battle, Khwaja's son Daulat Singh and several other Bhils were martyred.
• He became a victim of the deception of one of his companions, due to which he had to lose
his life, otherwise the way he prepared an army of eight hundred warriors and took the
fight against British.
• A few years later, treachery by relatives led to an arrest of Khwaja and Bheema who were
subsequently incarcerated at the Cellular Jail at Port Blair along with their associates.

11.Sitaram Kanwar Bhilala and Raghunath Mandloi Bhilala

• Western Nimad's Khargone and the surrounding area was ruled by the Holkars. One of
their jagirdars, Raghunath Singh Mandloi, wielded considerable influence over tribal
villagers in the vicinity of Barun. As news spread of Tantya Tope's arrival in Nimad in
1857, several Holkar employees and citizens rebelled. Raghunath was among them. His
instigating the uprising led to the jagir being snatched and handed to Daulat Singh
Mandloi. Thousands of Bhil revolutionaries gathered at Barun under Raghunath's
 leadership and supplies came from Banjaras. The Holkars arrested Raghunath who was
suitably aided by Sitaram. The latter was martyred while fighting a force led by Captain R
H Keating.

12. Birsa Munda (Munda Tribe)

• 15 November 1875 3 9 June 1900 was an Indian tribal freedom fighter, religious leader,
and folk hero who belonged to the Munda tribe.
• Birsa Munda was born at Ulihatu in the Bengal Presidency (presently in Jharkhand) on
15th November 1875 into a Munda family. His parents were Sugana Munda and Karmi
Hatu.
• His childhood was spent in a typical Munda fashion amidst poverty.
• He converted to Christianity and became Birsa David/Daud in order to receive an
education from a missionary school.
• He spent a great part of his childhood in Chaibasa. He was influenced by the national
movement there. His father withdrew him the missionary school. Birsa developed a strong
antigovernment and anti-missionary stamp on his mind from there.
• During the 1890s, he started speaking to his people about the exploitation done by the
British. The British agrarian policies were stifling the tribal people and disrupting their
way of life which was hitherto peaceful and in tune with nature. Another problem was that
of cultural belittlement of the tribal people by the Christian missionaries.
• The Mundas had followed the Khunkhatti system of joint landholding. The British replaced
this egalitarian system with the Zamindari System. Outsiders entered the tribal landscape
and started exploiting them. In their own turf, they became forced labourers. Poverty
descended on them like a strangling chain.
• In 1894, Birsa announced his declaration against the British and the Dikus (outsiders)
and thus began the Munda Ulgulan. This is a very important rebellion of the tribal people
among the various uprisings of the tribals and peasants in India in the 19th century.
• Birsa also started his own religion and proclaimed he was god9s messenger. Many Mundas,
Kharias and Oraons accepted him as their leader. Many other Hindus and Muslims also
flocked to see the new leader of the masses.
• Birsa advocated the tribal people to shun the missionaries and revert to their traditional
ways. He also asked people not to pay taxes.
• He was arrested in 1895 and released after two years. In 1899, he resumed his armed
struggle along with the people. He razed police stations, government property, churches
and houses of Zamindars.
• The British caught him in 1900 from Jamkopai forest, Chakradharpur.
• Birsa Munda died on June 9th 1900 while lodged at the Ranchi jail aged just 25.

5. MAJOR FESTIVALS and FAIRS of

MADHYA PRADESH

Fairs of MP

Total 3 1400 Fairs

• Maximum 3 Ujjain division [227]
• Minimum 3 Hoshangabad division

Season wise division

• Season wise max 3 March, April, May (Chaitra, Vaishakh)
• Season wise min 3 June, July, August (Aashad, Sharavan)

• Fair of Goddess Jogeshwari • Chanderi [Ashok Nagar]

• Urs of Peer Budhan • Sanvara [Shivpuri]
• Fair of Tejaji • Guna and Neemar
• Fair of Mahamritunjaya • Rewa
• Fair of Shivratri • Amarkantak [Anupur District], Pachmadi
And Hoshangabad
• Fair of Chandi Devi • Ghoghar [Sidhi District]
• Urs of Baba Shahadubbin Aulia • Neemuch
• Fair of Kaluji Maharaj • Piplya Khurd [Khargon]
• Fair of Garibnath • Avanti, Barodiya Village [Shajahapur]
• Fair of Kanna Baba • Sodalpur [Harda]
• Fair of Nagaji • Porsa Village [Morena]
• Fair of Martyr • Sanawad [Indore]
• Fair of Siddha Baba • Vijaypur
• Fair of Jalvihar • Chatarpur
• Fair of Maiyar Mata • Satna
• Fair of Sonagiri • Datiya
• Fair of Kundeshwar • Tikamgarh
• Fair of Rawatpura • Bhind
• Fair of Heera Bhumiya • Gwalior, Guna
• Fair of Ramleela • Bhander Tehsil [Datiya]
• Bhamoni Urs • Dhamoni [Sagar]
• Fair of Singaji • Pipliya Khurd [Khargon]
• Fair of Mandhata • Khandwa, Omkareshwar
• Fair of Burman • Gadarwada [Narsingpur]
• Fair of Math Dhodhara • Bhairo Nath Pilgrim [Seoni District]
• Fair of Kumbh Simhastha • Ujjain
• Fair of Ratangar • Datiya
• Fair of Ramji • Hoshangabad
• Fair of Unnav • Datia
• Cheti Fair • Byawara [Rajgarh]
• Baldauji Fair • Panna
• Dhrupdehi Fair • Hirapur
• Ramnavami Fair • Nayagaon
• Kedareshwar Fair • Tikamgarh
• Khandwa Fair • Deori [Sagar]
• Salkanpur Fair • Salkanpur

MAJOR CULTURAL FESTIVALS

Festival / Event in Madhya Location / Place Details

Pradesh
Khajuraho Dance festival Khajuraho Indian Classical Dance
Performance
Akhil Bharatiya Kalidas Ujjain Literary Presentations along
Samaroh with dramas and Indian
Classical Dance programmes
Tansen Sangeet Samaroh Gwalior Indian Classical Vocal and
Musical performances
Dhrupad Samaroh Bhopal Vocal performances of
Dhrupad style of Indian
Classical Music
Madhya Pradesh Utsav New Delhi
/Madhya Pradesh Festival
Allauddin Sangeet Samaroh Maihar, Satna Indian Classical Music
Ameer Khan Festival lndore Indian Classical
performances
Rashtriya Hindi Natya Bhopal Hind's Best Drama's
Samaroh performances
Pachmarhi Utsav Pachmarhi Indian Folk Art's
performances
Mandu Utsav Mandu
Orchha Utsav Orchha, Niwari
Keshav Jayanti Samaroh Orchha, Niwari Literary Presentation
Alauddin Khan Bhopal Lectures based on Classical
Vyakhyanmala Music
Muktibodh Samaroh Bhind Literary Programmes
Bhavbhuti Samaroh Gwalior Sanskrit's Literary
Programmes
Malwa Utsav Ujjain and lndore Folk Arts / Indian Classical
Music
Makhanlal Chaturvedi Jabalpur Literary Programmes
Samaroh
Rashtriya Ramleela Mela Different Parts of MP Ramleela Mandlis
Performance
Pandit Balkrishna Sharma Shajapur Hindi Literary Programmes
"Naveen" Samaria
Lokrang Samaroh Bhopal Indian Folk Art's Presentation
and Performance
Pandit Kumar Gandhana Dhar Sanskrit Literary Programmes
Samaroh
Padmakar Samaroh Hindi Literary Programmes
Bhoj Samaroh Dhar Sanskrit Literary Programmes
Shankari Samaroh Throughout Madhya Pradesh Sanskrit Literary Programes
Kabir Samaroh All over Madhya Pradesh Folk Arts, Music, Dances and
Literary Programmes
Rashtriya Alankaran Bhopal Distribution of Cultural
Samaroh Awards
Jagar Samaroh Indian Classical and Folk
Arts Display
Krishna Rao Samaroh Gwalior Indian Classical Music
MP Sangeet Samaroh Throughout Madhya Pradesh Nimar Utsav, Maheshwar
Indian Folk and Classical
 Performances
Bharat Bhawan Bhopal Various Folk arts exhibitions
and performances throughout
year
Suhhadra Kumari Chauhan Jabalpur Hindi Literary Programmes
Samaroh and Performances
Film Festival Bhopal Films from India and Abroad
Tepa Samaroh / Tepa Festival Ujjain Kavi Sammelan
Tribal Film Utsav Indore
Kishore Kumar Samman Khandwa
Samaroh
Bundeli Utsav / Bundeli Chhattarpur
Festival
Bhedaghat Utsav Bhedaghat [Jabalpur]
Tulsi Utsav / Tulsi Festival Chitrakoot
Madhya Pradesh Lok Kala Bhopal
Samaroh
Padmakar Smriti Samaroh Sagar Literary
Chakradhar Smriti Samaroh Indore
Lokranjan Festival Khajuraho Festival of Folk Dances

Region Wise Festivals of MP

FESTIVALS REGION
Bhagoriya Haat Festival Jhabua Called as the Festival of Love
Sanjha Bundelkhand
Suata Bundelkhand
Nawanna Bundelkhand
Gangaur Malwa
Harelip Malwa and Bundelkhand
Rata trawa Mandla
Niraja Malwa
Govardhan Bundelkhand
Guripadawa Malwa, Chambal, Neemar

6. Major Folk Music, Folk Arts and

Folk Theatre of Madhya Pradesh

FOLK MUSIC STYLES MADHYA PRADESH

1. Alha Recital o Region 3 Bundelkhand

o Time 3 Sawan month
2. Kalagitura o Region 3 Nemar
o Sung in the form of Qawalli
3. Sanja Songs o Region 3 Malwa
o Sung by unmarried young girls
4. Basavdeva Gayan o Region 3 Bagelkhand
o Tribe 3 Harbole
 5. Birha Songs o Region 3 Bagelkhand
o Tribe 3 Aahir, Teli, Gadariya
o Sung in the form of questions and answers
6. Birthari o Region 3 Malwa
o People of Nath sect sung it [Suraj Bhai Khande 3
famous singer]
7. Bhope Style o Region 3 Malwa
o Tribe 3 Bhope
8. Gokul Patha o Mudiya tribe [death song] sung by senior citizens
9. Gangaur o Region 3 Nemar
o Sung during the month of chaitra, using dhol and
thali
10. Hulki patha o Tribe 3 Muriya
o Group song based on theme of king and queen
11. Dholamaru o Region 3Gwalior, Bhind, Malwa And Bundelkhand
o Famous person 3 Jagan Nath Kumhaar

Folk Arts: MADHYA PRADESH Region-wise

1. Malwa region • Folk dance 3 Garba, Matki, Adha Khada

Rajavadi Dance
• Folk Song Styles 3 Tharthari Gayan,
Bhope Gayan, Sanjha Geet, Barasati
Barata, Nirgunani Bhajan
• Folk Theatre 3 Mach
2. Bundelkhand region • Folk Dance 3 Badhai, Rai, Nautanki,
Saira, Dhinariyai
• Folk Song Styles 3 Alha Singing, Faag,
Berayata, Bundeli, Babuliya
• Folk Theatre 3 Swang, Ragini
3. Neemar Region • Folk Dance - Kathi, Gangaur, Mandlay,
Ada Khada, Phiphariya
• Folk Music Styles 3 Saint Singaji Style 3
Nathpanthi Style, Kalagitura, Sanjha
Songs,Nirgunoya Style, Nasanya
• Folk Theatre 3 Gammat
4. Baghelkhand region • Folk Dance 3 Biraha Dance, Dadar,
Kemali, Kalasa, Rai
• Folk Songs 3 Faag, Birha, Baadeva,
Videsiya
• Folk Theatre 3 Hingola, Mansukha,
Jindba, Chahur

FOLK THEATRE OF MADHYA PRADESH

Maopata • By Muriya tribe

• Traditional story of hunting
• Faces are smeared with soote, soil and ash
Khamb Swang • By Korku Tribe
 • Korku perform drama around the pillar
• The performance is staged to celebrate
Meghnath, son of Ravan, who saved
Korkus
Dadaria dance • By Baiga tribe 3Dussera
• Reciting love poem
• Young women chooses their spouse while
dancing
Gokulpadha • Muria Adivasi death song
• Description of king Jologayas
Hulki Dance • By Muria tribe
• Boys and girls both participate in it.
Mandri dance • By Muria tribe
• One man dances with chitkul and no
songs are sung
Gaur Dance • By Madia tribe
• Celebration of Jawa festival
• Young men wear headgear with horns of
bison [Gaur]
• It is probably the best Adivasi dance of the
country

7. MAJOR Dialects of Madhya Pradesh

Different regional dialects are prevalent in different regions of the state such as Malwa, Bundeli, Nimari
etc. These all have certain Similarities due to their origination from Hindi except tribal dialects.

REGIONAL DIALECTS

1. Bundeli
• This dialect of Arya language group is widespread in the state.
• It was named as Bundeli by George Grierso, and is an Apbhransh (narrated form) of
Shaurseni.
• The influence of this dialect can be experienced in Bundelkhand and also in the southern
part of M.P. extended to Maharashtra.
• Pure form of the dialect is widely spoken in Tikarngarh, Sagar, Narsinghpur and Panna
districts of M.P. and its subdialects are prevalent in different area such as Panwari in
Gwalior, Datia, Lodharti in Hamirpur, Khatola in Parma, Chhatarpur, Domoh districts.
There are some mixed Bundeli dialects too like Banafari, Kundri, Nibhatta, Bhadauari &
Koshthi.
• Famous Scholars in Bundeli Language : Keshav, Padmakar, Lal, Gangadhar Vyas.
• Datia, Guna, Shivpuri, Bhind, Gwalior, Morena. Sagar, Tikamgarh, Niwari. Chhatarpur,
Damoh, Panna, Vidisha, Raisen, Hoshangabad, Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Seoni,
Chhindwara, Balaghat, etc.

2. Bagheli
• It is the modified version of Ardh-Magadhi which is prevalent in Rewa, Satna, Sidhi &
Singrauli districts of the state. Its mixed form is spoken in Tribal region of Mandla.
• Some of the Sub dialects of Bagheli are: Tirhari in Banda, Hamirpur & Fatehpur districts,
Gahora in central areas of Banda districts Gondi which is spoken in Rewa & Manda region
is also a variation of Bagheli.
• It is also called as baghelkhandi, Rimahi and Rivai. The Parental Language of Bagheli is
assured to be Avadhi.
• Shri Niwas Shukla from sidhi has prepared first Dictionary of Bagheli.
• Parmdharm Vijay, Vishwanath Prakash - these Bagheli books are written by Rewa king
vishwanath singh.
• Rewa, Satna, Sidhi, Shandol, Umaria.

3. Malwi
• This dialect has impact of Hadoti of Rajasthan and is also influenced from Shaurseni of
Maharastra.
• In its purest form it is spoken in Indore, Ujjain, Dewas, Dhar & Ratlam districts of M.P.
some of its varients also be practicised in Bhopal, Hoshangabad, Neemuch, Guna &
Mandsaur districts.
• In Phonetic point of view, malvi belongs to western Hindi family, but in origin it is a
marwadi.
• The malvi dictionary is compiled by sh. prahlad chandra joshi.
• Sh. Dhirendra Verma has called the Malvi as Dakshin Rajasthani whereas sh K.L. Hans
has called as Pashimi Hindi.
• Subdialects of Malvi : Sondhwari, omathwari, Ragadi.
• Some scholars treat the nimari as subdialects of Malvi.

4. Nimari
• It is the widely spoken dialect of Khandwa, Khargone, Burhanpur, Barwani districts of
M.P. It is also originated from Shaurseni. It higly exert influence of Malwi, Marawari,
Gujrati & Marathi. Remarkable Folk literature has been written in Nimari. George Grierso
called the Nimari as Dakshini Hindi.
• Famous writter of Nimari Gorishankar Sharma, Ramnarayan Upadhyay, Prabhakar
Choube.
• Ammar Bol - The First epic in Nimari Language written by mahadev Prasad chaturvedi. It
is a thousand work of Mahabharat.
• Prabhakar choube has been a well known Singer of Nimari, Particularaly he sung gammat
and swang. He also written Thumka in Nimar.
• Dr. Shri Ram Parhar Written a book, Nimari Sahltya Ka Itihas (in Hindi).
• Khandwa, Khargone, Dhar, Dewas, Barwani, Jhabua, Indore.

5. Brij Bhasha (Braj)

• Basically spoken in Brij territory (Mathura) of UP.
• Brij is also a narrated form of shaurseni. it is also called as Pengal Antarvedi, kannauji,
Gwaliori.
• The Maximum Medievel Literature is complied in Brijbhasha.
• Prominent Scholar : Amir Khusro, Raskhan, surdas, Mirabai.
• Brij Bhasha is a main Language of Hindustani Music.
• Tulsidas ji, a avadhi writer, also used Brij Bhasha in His book, Vinay Patrika.
• Bhind, Morena, Gwalior, etc.

6.Bhadavari (Goanwari, Buland)

• This is a dialect of proverbs.
• Bhadavari is assured as the language Bhadrashrav as used by dieties.
• Territory: The adjoining area of MP-UPRajasthan in MP - Bhind, Morena, Gwalior are the
districts where Bhadavari in Practice.
• The Bhadavardham area (Ater, Mahgoan) speak Bhadavari at large. Other Dialects of MP
7. Jandomati
• Gandomati area of Morena-sheopur speak in the dialect Jadomati.
• Territory of 24 Village of sabalfond is called as chobisa and therefore the dialect jandomati
is also called chobisa boli here.

8. Panchamahali
• Speaking largely in Gwalior District.
• Territory: five historical mahals Dabara, Bhitorwar, Pichore, Chonot, Tekanpur.
• Panchamahali has remarkable phonetic similarity to that of Bundeli.

9. Jatwari
• Come in Practice during Jat state of Bharatpur.
• Territory : Jatwara area (Gohad to Murar)

10.Sikarwari
• The most Dominating area of central India is sikarwar.
• The Dialect in Practice, Particularaly in Jowra, Kailash, morena, Pandganj is Sikarwari.

11. Kachvadhari
• Gwalior was ever known as kanchapghat under the reigon of kachvay rulars.
• Kachvayghari is spoken in some part of Bhind (Lahar, Ron, Mehgoan, Bharoli)

12.Torghari
• The dialect of Tomars, settled in some part of morena in torghari.
• It is mainly affected by Brijbhasha and bhadavari.

13.Lodhadhari
• Lodhi as settled in some part of Bhind are speaking Lodhadhari dialect.
• It is very much similar to that of Bhadavari.

14.Rajputi
• The territory Rajputghar in Gwalior region speaks the dialect Rajputi.
• Rajputi is affected by Bundeli, Lodhanti, Kachvaydhari.

15.Pawari
• Pawar caste of Chhindwara speaks in Pawari Dialect.
• Pawari is originated from Marathi and Gujrati.

16.Korvi
• Korvi is assumed to be the ancestor to Hindi.
• Korvi is much near to Khadi Hindi.

Tribal Dialects

Tribals have their own culture & dialects such as Gonds of Mandla speak Gondi, Korku of
Hoshangabad speak Korku dialects.

1. Bhili
• It is also considered as a part of Aryan language group.
• It is a dialect of Bhili Tribe which are reside in Jhabua, west Nimar, Dhar & Ratlam
districts of M.P. Dravidian & Kolerian words are also use while speaking Bhili.
• It also has a deep influence of Nimari, Rajasthani, Gujrati & Malvi. • Ratlam, Dhar,
Jhabua, Khargone, Alirajpur.

2. Mavasi
• Mavasi tribe of chhindwara speaks in Mavasi Dialect.
• Specially the Mavasi of Junnardev Tehsil use this dialect.

3. Barela
• Speaking by Barela sub-tribe of Bhil.
• Territory: West Nimar (Khargone) and Alirajpur.

4. Gondi
• Speaking by Gond and its subtribe.
• Territory : Hoshangabad, Betul, Harda, Mandla, Dindori are majorly compiled in Gondi.
• Chhindwara, Seoni, Balaghat, Mandla, Dindori, Hoshangabad.

5. Banjari
• Speaking by Banjara tribe and they call this dialect as Gwari.
• Banjari review a great impact of Rajasthani.
• Many folk songs are compiled in Banjari.

6. Sahriyayi
• Speaking by sahariya tribe.
• Territory: A belt extended from Kota to Guna. (Sheopur, Shivpuri, Morena, Bhind)

7. Nahal
• Speaking by Nahal tribe of Betul District.
• Territory: Multai Prabhatpattan, Satner. Bhainsdehi Daboni, Dhaba. Aamla - Tirmau Betul
- Khandara

8. Korku
• Betul, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Khargone, Khandwa.

8. MAJOR ARTS AND SCULPTURE OF

MADHYA PRADESH

FORTS

S No NAME DETAILS
1. Gwalior Fort • By 3 Surajsen
• Period 3 525 AD
• Key Point 3 Called as Gibraltar Of
India
• 5 Gates 3 Alamgir Gate, Hindola Gate,
Gujari Mahal Gate, Chaturbhuj Gate,
 Hathi Paud Gate
2. Orchha fort • By 3 Raja Veersing Bundela
• Period 3 16th Century
• Key Point 3 Jehangir Mahal,
Prominent Temples Like Chaturbhuj
Temple, Ram Temple, Laxmi Narayan
Temple.
3. Ginnorgarh fort • By 3 Raja Udayvarman
• Location 3 near Bhopal
• Period 3 13th Century
• Key point 3 parrots are found
4. Narvar fort • By 3 Raja Nal
• Location 3 Shivpuri
• Key point 3 important dynasty
associated [Tomars, Kachwahas, etc]
5. Mandla fort • By 3 Raja Nerendra Shah
• Period 3 16th Century
• Key point 3 Raj Rajeshwari by Nizam
Shah
6. Mandsaur fort • By 3 Allauddin Khilji
• Period 3 14th Century
• Key Point 3 Tapeshwar Temple
7. Bandhavgarh fort • By 3 Vyagradeo [Bundelkhand
Dynasty]
• Location 3 near Umaria
• Period 3 14th Century
• • Key point 3 Vishnu temple,
Shershahi lake
8. Ajaygarh fort • By 3 Raja Ajaypal
• Location 3 near Panna
• Key point 3 Design carved on stones,
palace of Raja Amal
9. Asirgard fort • By 3 Asharam
• Key Point 3 Asha Devi temple, Shiv
temple
10. Dhar fort • By 3 Mohammed Tughlak
• Period 3 1344 AD
• Key point 3 Kharbuja Mahal
11. Chanderi fort • By 3 Kirtipal
• Period 3 11th Century
• Key Point 3 Jauhar kund, Hawa
mahal, Khooni darwaj
12. Raisen fort • By 3 Raja Rajvasanthi
• Period 3 16th century
• Key point 3 Badal Mahal, Itradar
Mahal.

PALACES

• Jay Vilas Mahal [Gwalior] 3 Residence of Jivaji Rao Scindia.

• Jahaz Mahal [Mandu]- Ghiyasuddin Khilji
• Rohit Mahal 3 Raja Vasanti built this palace at Raisen fort
• Badal Mahal 3 Raja Vasanti built this palace at Raisen fort.
• Kharbuja Mahal 3 it is in Dhar fort
• Baghelin Mahal 3 Baghela9s constructed it in Mandla.
• Gujari Mahal 3 Raja Man Singh Tomar built this palace in Gwalior fort in memory of his
queen Rani Durgawati.
• Moti Mahal [Gwalior] 3 palace of King Jivaji of Gwalior Moti Mahal 3 Gond King Hridayshah
built this palace in dense forests of Ramnagar.
• Aman Mahal 3 King Ajaypal built this palace in Ajaygarh Fort [Panna].
• Dai Mahal 3 this palace in Mandu [Dhar] is famous for artwork there
• Hawa Mahal 3 Pratihar king Kirtipal built this palace in Chanderi fort.
• Naukhanda Mahal 3 Pratihar king Kirtipal built this palace in Chanderi fort.
• Jahangir Mahal 3 Veer Sing Deo Bundela built this palace in Orchha fort.
• Rani Rupmati Mahal 3 Bajbahadur built this palace near Rewa Kund in Mandu for his
beloved Rani Rupmati. This palace symbolizes queen Rupmati9s love for architecture.
• Rajmandir Mahal 3 this palace was built by Raja Vir Singh Deo Bahadur.
• Madan Mahal 3 Gond king Madanshah built this palace near Jabalpur.
• Asharfi Mahal 3 this palace in Mandu leaves tourists spellbound.

CAVES

• Bhimbetka Caves [Abdullagnj] Raisen

• Shankaracharya Caves [Omkareshwar, Khandwa]
• Bharatruhari Caves 3 Ujjain
• Bilaua Caves 3 Gwailor
• Mara Caves 3 Singrauli
• Bagh Caves 3 Dhar
• Bhrugenranath Caves 3 Raisen
• Saromaro Caves 3 Sehore
• Udaygiri Caves [Vidisha]
• Pandava Caves [Panchmari] Hoshangabad
• Adamgarh Caves 3 Hoshangabad
• Kabara Caves 3 Rajgarh

TOMBS

• Tomb Of Nawab Jihidami Hassan Khan 3 Bhopal

• Tomb Of Hoshangabad 3 Mandu
• Tomb Of Abdulla Shah Changal 3 Dhar
• Tomb Of Mohammad Gaus 3 Gwalior
• Tomb Of Tansen 3 Gwalior
• Tomb Of Pir Budhan 3 Shivpuri [Sanwara Area]
• Tombs Of Baj Bahadur And Rani Rupmati 3 Sarangpur [Rajgarh]
• Tomb Of Mumtaj Mahal 3 Burhanpur
• Tomb Of Daulat Khan Lodhi 3 Burhanpur
• Tomb Of Hajrat Shah Wajhruddin 3 Chanderi

MAUSOLEUMS
• Mausoleum of Peshva Bajirao 3 Rawerakhedi [Khargoan]
• Mausoleum of Baiju bawra 3 Chanderi
• Mausoleum of Girdhari bai 3 Mandla
• Mausoleum of Jhalkari Bai 3 Gwalior
• Mausoleum of Kana Baba 3Hoshangabad
• Mausoleum of Malayendra Pir 3 Ujjain
• Mausoleum of Maharani Sankya Raje Scindia 3 Shivpuri
• Mausoleum of Madhavrao Scindia 3 Shivpuri
• Mausoleum of Tatya Tope 3 Shivpuri
• Mausoleum of Rani Durgawati 3 Jabalpur [Badelagram]
• Mausoleum of Laxmibai 3 Gwalior

Additional Places

• Begum Mumtaz Mahal9s Tomb, Burhanpur

• Bercha Rani Ka Makbara, Chhatarpur
• Deora9s Fort, Deora, Chhatarpur
• Shahajahan Parvez Ka Makbara, Burhanpur
• Daulat Khan Lodhi Ka Makbara, Bhuranpur
• Chhappan Mahal, Mandu [Dhar]
• The Memorial Of Rana Bakhtawarsingh, Ajmera, Dhar
• Jahangir Palace Of Shahjahan Palace, Gwalior
• Bhimsen Rana Ki Chhatri, Gwailor
• Durgadas Umbrella, Ujjain
• Fatehi Bibi Ka Makbara [Tomb]
• Ancient Shiva Temple, Bhainsdehi, Betul
• Chhatrasal Ka Makbara, Chhatarpur
• Gohad Fort, Goha, Bhind
• Laghedi Gate, Gwalior
• Lalbaug Palace, Indore
• Krishnabai Holkar9s Chhatri, Indore
• Sabalgadh Fort, Sabalgadh, Morena
• Ganna Begum Ka Makbara, Morena
• Queen Rupmati And Bajbahadur9s Grave, Saragpur, Rajgadh
• Madhavgadh9s Fort, Madhavgadh, Satna
• Old Palace, Orchha Tikamgarh
• Cannon Orchha, Tikamgarh
• Palki Palace Orchha, Tikamgarh
• Siddha Baba9s Cave, Orchha, Tikamgarh
• Shiva Temple, Orchha, Tikamgadh
• Bhavanisingh9s Chhatri, Datia
• King Parikshit9s Chhatri, Datia
• King Indrajit9s Chhatri, Datia
• Khooni Bhandara, Burhanpur
• Chaugan9s Fort; Chauragadh, Gadarwas, Narasimharpur
• Tatya Tope Memorial Park, Shivpuri

Important Museums

• District Archaeological Museum, Dhar 3 1902

• State Museum, Bhopal 3 2 Nov 2005
• Gujari Palace Museum, Gwalior 3 1922
• Central Museum, Indore 3 1929
• District Architectural Museum, Vidisha - 1940
• Maharaja Chhatrasal Museum Dhubela [Chhatarpur] 3 1955
• Queen Durgavati Museum, Jabalpur 3 1976
• District Archaeological Museum, Rajgadh 3 1976
• Tulsi Museum, Ramvan [Satna] 3 1978
• District Archaeological Museum, Rajgadh 3 1976
• District Archaeological Museum, Mandla 3 1979
• District Archaeological Museum, Shahdol 3 1984
• District Archaeological Museum, Hoshangabad 3 1984
• District Archaeological Museum, Panna 3 1988
• District Archaeological Museum, Dewas 3 1988
• District Archaeological Museum, Rawa 3 1988
• Jahangir Mangal Museum, Orchha [Tikamgarh] 3 1990
• Yashodharman Museum, Mandsaur 3 1982 3 83
• Local Museum, Gandharvpuri [Dewas] 3 1964
• Local Museum, Ashapuri [Raisen] 3 1965 3 66
• Local Museum, Pichhore [Gwalior] 3 1977
• Local Museum, Mandsaur 3 1958 -59
• Local Museum, Kundeshwar [Tikamgadh]
• Local Museum, Chanderi [Guna] 3 1991
• Queen Ahilya Devi Museum, Maheshwar [Khargone] 3 1974

9. RELIGIOUS AND TOURIST PLACES OF

MADHYA PRADESH

12 Religious Cities of MP
1. Amarkantak
2. Maihar
3. Chitrakoot
4. Maheshwar
5. Panna
6. Orchha
7. Datiya
8. Multai
9. Salkanpur
10. Mandla
11. Omkareshwar
12. Ujjain

Major Hindu Religious Sites

• Nemavar : Teertha of Hindu on the banks of Narmada in Dewas district. A fair is also
organised here every year.

• Rudija : A sacred place related to Tejaji Maharaj situated in Badnagar.

• Omkareshwar : It is known for one of 12 Jyotirlings and have figure of 'Om' situated on
the merger of Narmada - Tawa. where Omkar-Mandhata temple is established.

• Bhojpur : Situated near Bhopal, known for the world's largest Shivling built by Raja Bhoj

• Nohta : Nohta situated on the confluence (sangam) of Gurahya & Bersa river was once the
capital of Chandela, this place is now famous for the remains of ancient Jain & Shiva
temple.

• Dadaji Darbar : Samadhi (Solvation) of Great Saint Dadaji in Khandwa.

• Kamadgiri (Satna): The main part of Chitrakoot is Kamadgiri famous for the Temple of
lord KamnaNath.

• Nalkheda Peeth : A religious site of Hindus, at Nalkheda(Dist Agar), The oldest temple of
Ma Bagulamukhi.

• Pitambara Peeth : A religious site of Hindus, at Datia, named as Ma Bagulamukhi

pitambara peeth. Another temple of Maa dhumavati is also there in the same campus.

Major Jain Religious Sites

• Pawagiri : Digambar Jain site situated in Khargone (Oon). There are 99 Jain temples in
Pavagiri.
• Pushpgiri : A jain teertha, situated in Sonkatchh near Dewas.
• Gommatgiri : A famous Jain site of Indore, there are magnificent temples of Adinath,
Parsvanath and Lord Mahavira at this mountain site.
• Muktagiri : A religious place of Jainas, situated in Betul district. Here, there are total 52
temples and a water fall too.
• Sonagiri : Jain temples at Sonagiri (Datia District).
• Bavangaja : Famous of 72 feet high statue of Lord Adinath in Bawangaja hills of Barwani.

Major Sikh Religious Sites

• Anandpur Sahib : Ashok Nagar

• Bandichhod Gurudwara
1. Situated in side of Jailvilas Place (Gwalior).
2. 6th sikha guru Hargovindji was prijoined here by mughal king Jahangir.
• Imli Bajar Gurudwara: Indore 1st Sikh guru Sh. Nanakdev visited this place in Indore.
• Badi Sangat Gurudwara: Burhanpur 10th Sikh guru Govindsingh ji arrived here.
• Bhai Bala Sandhu Gurudwara: Shivpuri
• Onkareshwar Sahib : Dist Khandwa

Major Church
• Cathedral Church: Jabalpur (1840-1858)
• Red Church: Indore
• White Church: Indore (1858)
• Panchmarhi Church: Constructed in 1875 in Panchmarhi.

TOURIST SITES OF MP
Total marked touries sites 382
Sites of International Fame 20
Site with highest visitors Khajuraho

Historical Places and Monuments

1. Khajuraho
• The Magnificent temples of Khajuraho built by the king Dhang of Chandel dynasty in 11th
century.
• The No. of these temples initially was 85 but later decreased.
• There are two Khajoor (dates) shaped Toran at the entrance of these temple That's why
This place is named as Khajuraho.

Place to Visit
• In western side there are temples of Kandariya Mahadeo, Chausath Yogini, Chitragupta,
Vishwanath Temple, Laxman Temple & Matengeshwar Temple.
• At the Eastern front there are Parshvnath Temple, Ghantai Mandir, Adinath Temple and in
South the temples of Dulhadev & Chaturbhuj are famous. Other than this Beni Sagar
Dam, Sneh Prapat are also good places to visit.

2. Mandu
• Manduvgarh `Mandu' is situated in Dhar district, only 100 km away from Indore. It was
named as Shdiabad (City of joy) by. Hoshangabad. Mandu is also related to the love story
of Baj Bahadur & Rani Roopmati.
• Parmara dynasty made It as their capital due to It's safe location (situated in Vmdhyan
range at the height of 2000 feet).

Place to Visit
• There are 12 gateways (Parkota) in the fort of Mandu named as : Rampole, Tarapur
• Darwaza, Jahangir Darwaza, Dilli Darwaza etc. In addition there are Jahaj Palace, Hindola
Palace, Tomb of Hoshangshah, Jama Masjid, Asharfi Pal-ace, Rewa Kund. Roopmati
Mandap, Neelkanth Mahal, Hathi Mahal & Lohani Caves.

3.Sanchi
• Situated in Raisen district, 45 km. away from Bhopal.
• The ancient name of Sanchi was Kaknaya & Budhha Shri Parvat.
• It is the centre of Buddhist religion. There is a large stupa & single pillar inscription in
Sanchi, Which was built by Ruler Ashoka of Mauryan Dynasty for her wife Mahadevi.
• The corridor (Jungla) around the Stupa was built in Shunga era. Sanchi stupa is not only
the biggest Stupa but also a place of worship for Buddhists, as the Bane of Sariputra
moglayan are placed under this stupa. There are two smaller stupas too. Jataka stories
are carved on the walls of this stupas. One inscription about the minister of Chandragupta
Vikramaditya is also stood here.
• In 2012, Buddha University was setup in Sanchi.

4. Bharhut (Satna)
• Known for the remains of Buddhist stupa.

5. Vidisha
• Its ancient name was Bhelsa or Besnagar. Its other ancient names also appeard as
Mahamalistan and Mevasa. Ruler Ashoka used to visit here when he was the governor of
Ujjaini. He married to Mahadevi of Vidisha.
• Greek Ruler anticlandious sent his ambassador Heliodorus in the court of Shunga Ruler
Agnimitra.
• He built Garuda Stambhbh (Pillar) and decared himself disciple of Bhagvat Darma. This
pillar is also known as Khamba Baba.
• Tourist Sites Lohangi Shila, Gumbaj, Beeja Mandal, Samrat Ashok Sagar (Halali Sagar
Dam).

6. Gwalior
• It is named after Rishi Galay. Jahangir imprisoned the 6'h Sikh Guru Hargovind Singh in
the fort of Gwalior. This fort is known as the Zibraltor of East

Place to Visit
• Gwalior Fort, Gujri Mahal (Built by RajaMansingh for his beloved Gurjar Queen
Mrignayani), Man Mandir, Suraj Kund, Teli ka Mandir, Saas-Bahu ka Mandir, Jai Vilas
Palace. Statue of Rani Laxmi Bai, Museum. Tomb of Tansen Mohaumad Gaus, Nagar
Palika Museum, Zoo, Gurudwara, Sun Temple etc.

7. Bhopal
• The Bhoj Pal built by Raja Bhoj of Parmara dynasty, it was later renamed as Bhopal. It is
situ-ated over the 5 hills. There are 2 lakes here.

Famous sites of Bhopal

• Taj-ul-masjid, Jama Masjid, Saket Mahal, Bharat-Bhavan, Birla Temple, Indira Gandhi,
Museum, Van Vihar etc.

8. Orchha
• Established in 16th century by Bundela Ruler Rudra Pratap.
• Famous Sites are Shaheed Smarak, Jahangir Mahal, Hardaul Palace, Sundar Mahal, Ray
Praveen Mahal, Phool Bagh.

9. Udaygiri Caves
• Udaigiri situated in the Vidisha district is well known for its architecture. There is the
statue of Varah in one of the caves of Udaypur

ECO Tourism in MP
Eco tourism society setup under Eco-Tourism board includes following activities under eco
tourism.
1. Visit to site with full of Natural beauty.
2. Sensible behaviour with and respect to Nature. 3. Local economic activities to be
promoted which support the conservation of local resources and culture.

ECO-Tourism Zones (04)

1. Bhopal Zone : Panchamari, Bio-diversity Van Vihar, Bhopal, Sanchi Stup, Primitive
Culture Centre(Bhim Betka), Bhopal Lake.
2. Rewa Zone : Chachai fall, Panna National Park, Orcha, Madhav National Park, Khajuraho.
3. Jabalpur Zone : Kanha National Park, Fossil National Park, Narmada-Bhedaghat,
Amarkantak, Bhandhvgarh National Park.
4. Indore Zone : Maheshwar, KharmoreSardarpur. Sanctury Mandu and Jhabua.
Tourism Investment Zones (05)
1. Bhopal
2. Gawalior
3. Jabalpur
4. Khajuraho
5. Indore

Water Sports Centres

1. Tigara Dam (Gwalior)
2. Tawa Dam (Hoshangabad)
3. Boat Club (Sailling School, Bhopal)
4. Yatch Club (Jabalpur)

Proposed Sites
1. Indira Sagar (Khandwa)
2. Bansagar (Shandol)
3. Mohini Sagar (Shivpuri)
4. Wanchu Point (Mhow, Indore)
5. Touriest Island (Omkareshewar, Khandwa)

Tourist Visitors in MP-2018

• Total Tourists 6.93 cr.
• Indian Tourists 6.90 cr.
• Foreign Tourists 2.88 Lacs

10. LITERATURE and LITTERATEUR OF

MADHYA PRADESH

Important Literator of Madhya Pradesh and their literature.

The literature of MP can be briefly divided into 3 eras 3 Ancient, Medieval and Modern Era

Ancient Era

PERSONALITY WORKS
Kalidas [Shakespeare Of India] Epics
• Kumar Sambahv 3 1 st Epic
• Raghuvansha

Dramas
• Malvikagnimitram 3 1 st Drama
• Abhigyan Shakuntalam 3 Last Drama
• Vikramovashiyam [Drama]
 Poetry
• Ritu samhara 3 1 st Khand Kavya [Poetry]
• Meghdoot [Poetry]
Banabhatta • Harshcharitra
• Kadambari
• Chandrika Shatak
• Mukut Tadit
Bhartruhari • Shataktraya
• Nitishatak
• Shringar Shatak
• Vairagya Shatak
• Bhagvritti
• Shabd Dhatu
• Mimansa Sutra
• His sect is known as Vairagya
• Caves of Bhartihari is in Ujjain, Samadhi
in Sariska
Bhavbhuti • Mahaveer Charitra
• Uttar Ramcharit [1st Tragedy Drama In
Sanskrit]
• Malati Madhav
• Because of compassion dominated poetry
he is compared to JOHN MILTON
Dandi • Dashkumar
Bharavi • Kiratarjuniyam

Medieval Era

PERSONALITY WORKS
Bhushan • Shivraj Bhusham
• Chhatrasaal Dashak
• Bhushan Ullahas
• Bhushan Hazar
Keshav [Shikayat Mujhe Bhi Hai Poetry] • Ramachandrika (Most Famous Book
• Rasik Priya
• Kavi Priya
• Nakh Shikh
• Vigyan Gita
• Jahangir Jas Chandrika
• Ratanvamini
• Vir Singh Deo Charita
• Ram Alankrit Manjari
Padmakar [Kaviraj Shiromani] • Pratap Bahadur Virudhavali
• Himmat Bahadur Virudhavali
• Jai Singh Bahadur Virudhavali
• Ganga lahiri
• Yamuna lahiri
• Prabodh Pachasa
• Ram Rasayan
Krishnand Gupta • Isuri Ki Fah
Bihari • Bihari satsai
Lok Singh Nagar • Isuri Satsai
Sant Swarupdas • Ras Ratnakar
Rewaram Bapu • Ratanpur Ka Itihas
Brajesh • Ras Sag Nirmay

MODERN ERA

PERSONALITY WORKS
Makhanlal Chaturvedi Babai,Hoshagabad [ POETRY
INDIAN SOUL ] Created new poetic style • Phusp Ki Abhilasha [Poem]
MUKTAK • Him Kiritini [Poem]
• Himtarangini [Poem]
• Mata [Poem]
• Samarpan [Poem]
• Amar Rashtra [Poem]
• Vijuri Kajal Aaj Rahi [Poem]
• Venu Le Gunje Dhara [Poem]
• Rangon Ki Boli [Prose Poem]

STORY
• Kala Ka Anuvad [Story]

DRAMA
• Krisnarjun Yuddha [Drama]

ESSSAY
• Sahitya Devta [Essay]
• Samay ke Pav[Essay]
• Amir Irade: Garib Irade [Essay]

MAGAZINES
• Karmakar & Pratap

NEWSPAPER
• Karmaveer and Prabha
Balkrishna Sharma 8Naveen9 [Shajapur] Epic
• Urmila [Epic]

Story (Khand Kavya)

• Pranarpan

Poems
• Apalak [Poem]
• Kumkum [Poem]
• Rashmirekha [Poem]
• Vinoba Stavan [Poem]
• Viplav Gayan [Poem]
• Hum Vishpayi Janam Ke [Poem]
• Kwasi [Poem]
• Rashmirekha [Poem]
 Newspapers Editor
• Pratap and Prabha
Subhra Kumari Chauhan [Allahabad] • Unmadini [Story]
• Bikhare Moti [Story]
• Jhansi Ki Rani [Poem]
• Veeron ka kaisa ho Basant
• Jalianwala Bag Me Basant [Poem]
• Sabha Ke Khel [Poem]
• Vivechanatmak Galpvihar [Poem]
• Sidhe Sade Chitra [Story]
Bhawani Prasad Mishra 3 Hoshangabad • Satpura ke Ghane Jangal
• Buni Hui Rassi
• Geet Farosh
• Chakit hai Dukh
• Gandhi Panchashapti
• Pav Evam Pankh
• Paheli
• Kamal Ke Phool
• Andheri Kavitae
Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh [Seopurkala] • Bharat Itihaas aur Sanskriti
• Nai Kavita Ka Atmasangharsh
• Kamayin Ek Punarvichar
• Chand Ka Mun Teda hai
• Bramarakshas
• Ek Sahitiya Ki Dairy
• Tar Saptak Andhere Me
Sharad Joshi [Ujjain] • Parikrama
• Fir Kisi Bahane
• Rah Kinare Beth
• Jeep Pe Sawar Llliyan
• Andhon Ka Hathi
• Tilism
• Andhon Ka Hathi
Harishankar Parsai [Hoshangabad] • Bhoot Ke Pav Piche
• Shraddha ka daur
• Shikayat Mujhe Bhi Hai
• Tat Ki Khoj
• Viklang
• Jaise Uske Din Phire
• Haste Hai, Rote Hai
• Gantantra Thithrta Hua
• Tab Ki Baat Aur Thi
• Beimani Ki Parat
• Pagdandiyon Ka Jamana
• Sadachar Ki Taweej
• Nithallon Ki Dairy
Mulla Ramuji [Father Of Pink Urdu Writing] • Gulabi Urdu
• Diwane Mulla Ramuji
• Lathi Aur Bhains
• Jindagi
• Auraat Jat
Dhananjay Verma • Nirala Kavya Evam Vyakititv
Padumlal Punnalal Bakshi • Jhalmala
Raghuvar Prasad Diwedi • Umara Ki Beti
Nand Dulare Vajapayee [Great Literary Critic] • Kavi Nirala
• Parkarnika
• Riti Aur Shaili
Chakradhar Singh • Ramay Ras
Dwarka Prasad Mishra • Krishnayan
Shiv Mangal Singh Suman • Vindhya Himalaya,
• Pralay Gaan,
• Hillol
• Vishwas Badhta hi gaya par Aankhen nai
bhari

Folk Poets of MP

Name Work Additional Information

Isuri Isuri Prakash, Isuri Satsai, Jaydeo Of Bundelkhand
Premika Rajau
Singhaji Parchari Pandhulipi, Singhaji He Belongs To Khajuri,
Ka Dridh Upadesh, Singhaji Khargone
Ka Narach, Pandrah Din
Jagnik Legand Of Pandit Jagnik 3 Folk Poet Of Bundelkhad
Alhakhand, BanaHari Dialect
Ghagh Ghagh Aur Bhaddai Epigrammatist Of North India

Srajanpeeth in MP

Person Place Established/Proposed

Munshi Preemchandra Vikram University, Ujjain Established
Srajanpeeth
Muktiboodh Srajanpeeth Hari Singh Gaur University, Established
Sagar
Shubra Kumara Chauhan Rani Durgawati University, Established
Srajanpeeth Jabalpur
Nirala Srajanpeeth Barktullah University, Bhopal Established
Nanaji Deshmukh Mahatma Gandhi Gramodaya Established
Srajanpeeth University, Chitrakut
Mahadevi Verma Peeth Atal Bihari University, Bhopal Proposed
Shankaracharya Peeth Omkareshwar Proposed

11. FAMOUS MUSICIANS & PAINTERS OF MP

Famous Musicians

NAME DETAILS
Tansen [1506 -1589] • He was famous for Megh Malhar, Rag
 Dhrupad, Rag Deepak
• His music teacher was Swami Haridas
• His original name was Ramtanu Pandey
• He invented Rabab and Venna
instruments.
• His works include Miyan ki malhar, Miyan
ki Sarang, Miyan ki Tody, Darbari,
Kanada, etc.
• His tomb is at Gwailor
• He was supported by Daulat Khan, Raja
Ramchandra of Kalinjer, Mughal Emperor
Iqbal.
• He was great musician [Sarod player] of
Maihar. He was invited by Emperor
Brijnath Singh [Rewa] where he devoted
his entire life for development of
music/art.
• He invented Sur Singar, Nautarang,
Chnadra Sarang.
Ustad Allauddin Khan [1881 3 1972] • His teachers were Habu Dutt, Ustad Vajir
Khan [Sarod], Ustad Ali Adhmad Khan
[Shahnai] And Neelu Gopal.
• His major titles were Bharat Gaurav,
Sangitacharya, Sangit Nayak, Aftab E-
Hind.
Kumar Gandharva [1924 3 1991] • He is known as Kabir of Music,
Revolutionary Musician
• He created Anuprag Vilas, Triveni Gayan
• He was bold, experimenting musicaian
who had created new rages from local folk
tunes.
• He also presented Gandhi Malhar
• His teachers were VR Deodhar, Tijanbai
Matekar, etc • His name was 3 Shivputra
Siddharamaiya Komkalli
Ustad Aamir Khan [1913 3 1974] • He was great Khayal and Tarana singer
• He belongs to Indore Gharana
• He also went to foreign counties like
USA,U.K
• His father was famous Sarangi and Veena
player 3 Shahmir Khan
• He also contributed to films like Baiju
Bawara, Tansen, Jhanak Jhanak Payal
Baaje etc
Pandit Shankarrao [1862 3 1917] • He had expertise in Khayal, Tappa and
Yaman Rag.
• He arrived in Gwalior on invitation by
Jivajirao
• He learned music from Bhalkrishna Buva,
Deoji Kumar etc.
• In his memory Shankar Gandharva
Sangeet Mahavidyalaya was founded at
 Gwalior
Pandit Krishnarao [1893 3 1983] • He was son of great Pt. Shankarrao
• His command was on Khayal and he
created Sangeet Sar Sargam, Sangit Aalap
Sanchari, Sangit Pravesh etc.
• His teachers include Ustad Nisar Khan
and his father Pt. Shankarrao.
Ustad Hanif Khan [1892 3 1972] • Also known as Aftab-e-Sarod, Sangit
Ratnagar.
• He was exceptionally great Sarod player
and his music has Dhrupad, Thumri and
Khyal mixture
• His teacher include Ustad Vazir khan,
Ganapatrao, Chukkalal etc
• Jiwaji Scindia and Madhavrao Scindia
supported him
• • In his memory a Sarodghar was founded
at Gwailor
Raja Bhaiyya Poochhwale [1882 3 1956] • He had great command over Khyal, Thumri
and Tappa. • He also taught music and was a
teacher and principal of Madhav Sangeet
Vidhalaya • Taanmalika, Sangget Upasana,
Thumri Tarangini, Dhrupad Ghamar Gayaki
were his creations Badeoji Lala Buva,
Anandrao were his prominent teachers.

Famous Painters

1. Maqbul Fida Hussain

• MF Hussain was born in 1916 in Pandarpur village of Sholapur, Maharashtra. He spent a
major part of his life in Indore.
• He was also mentored by Devlalikar in Indore. His life was full of struggles. In Mumbai, he
painted film hoardings.
• The main subject of his paintings was Indian woman
• Horse and Ganesh were also his favorite subjects. He drew a series of paintings named
Gajgamini and also made a film named Gajgamini. He became a painter
• include: red pagadi, bride buying red bangles, weekly market. of worldwide fame and was
awarded by Padmabhushan and Kalidas Samman.

2. Laxmi Shankar Rajput

• Rajpoot was born in 1919 in Indore. He also studied in Indore School of Arts and later
went to JJ School Mumbai. 'Arrival of rains' is a famous painting by him.

3. Deokrishana Jayashankar Joshi

• Joshi was born in 1911 in Maheshwar. He was also mentored by Devlilakar in Indore
School of Arts. He created about 3,000 paintings and statues. He is a school in himself in
the art world. His main creations

4. Devyani Krishna
• Devyani Krishna was born in Indore. She got her initial education by Sri Devlalikar. Later,
she studied in JJ School of Arts. She has made paintings on life and nature in Tibet. In
 1946, she got first position in International Painting Exhibition. She also made toys and
this influence is also visible in her paintings.

5. Chandresh Saxena
• Saxena from Ujjain was trained in JJ School of Arts Mumabai and Vishva Bharati
University Shanti Niketan. His artworks have been awarded nationally. He also won
Kalidas Award for Painting in 1959.

6. Syed Haider Raza

• He was born in 1922, at Babariya village of Narsinghpur. In 1950 he got scholarship from
French Arts Academy & worked to Paris. In 1953 French govt. Honoured him with
Prothelitic award(France) & Padma Shree. In 1996 M.P. Government honoured him with
the Kalidas Award. He passed away in 2017.
• His Major Painting are: Atal Sunya ki anantata, Bindu, Ansuni Awaj, Ma, Rajasthan, Safed
Fool, Fertility, Nag, Ankuran & Spandan etc.

7. Vishnu Chanchalkar
• Born in Alot village of Dewas district and took training from Devlalikar in Indore School of
find arts. He made Friday Group.
• He was honoured with Beniet Award in 1960. M.P. Government awarded him the
prestigious shikhar Samman.

8. Narain Shridhar Bendre

• Born on 21st August 1910 at Indore, He recieved Primary Training from Devlalikar, His
famous paining are : Avashyakta se mukti, Grameen Jeevan ke Atirikta, Kashmir ki Ghati,
Navital ki Jheel, Utakanand, Amarnath, Himalaya, Prarthna, Gandhiji etc.

9. DATTARIYA DAMODAR DIVLALIKAR

• Devlalikar was born in 1883 at Bidwal (Dhar). Since childhood he was fond of painting. He
went to JJ School of Arts Mumbai. He made many mythological paintings.
• He combined western and Indian art and developed a new style of Painting. His paintings
were influenced by Rajasthani as well as Persian.
• One of his famous series of paintings was `Shakuntala'. He was also good at sculpture. In
1927, he established College of Arts at Indore. He was given the title of 'Ram Ratan' by
Shivant Rao Holkar

Famous Paintings

1. Nimar
• Jiroti (Hariyali Amawasya), Nag Chitra (Nag Panchmi), Sanjafulli (Kunwar), Navrat
(Navratri), Dushhera painting Thapa (Sil Saptami), Mordhdhwaj (Diwali Parva), Bhaidooj
painting & Madna at the occassion of marriage etc.

2. Malwa
• Mainly made by women in houses. Chitravan is made by the Chitere tribe in the outer
walls of Houses & Temples. Madna is highly famous, made on Diwali. On the festival of
Sanja women make different figures & drawings, for 16 days outside their houses. Rangoli
is also famous. On the eve of Diwali some make Savahi with cow dung on the walls. On
Krishna Janamastami make & pictures of Lord Krishna with colours, on the wall & write
Athe Kanhaiya. On Hartalika make the Painting of Lord Shiva & Parvati.
3. Bundeli
• Chouk painting is widely prevalent in Bundelkhand people there make chouk on every
occassion. Suraiti is sketched on Laxmi Pujan, which is a form of Grid Painting. On
Navratri, unmarried girls make Navrota painting. Morte painting is the painting on walls,
on the occassion of marriages.

4. Bagheli
• On the ocassion of marriage make Kohbar painting, to which the couple worship, from
Tilanga on walls with the help of coal & till oil. Chathi painting is drawn on the 6th days of
the birth of child. Neuran picture tell the story of sacrifice of the Weasel (Nevla) and the
child.

Painting Style of M.P.

1. Prehistoric Style : Painting of Adamgarh, Bhimbetaka, Maran Caves painted under this
style.

2. Malwa Style : Gupta aged painting style, Bagh paintings painted with this style Mandana
also an another example.

3. Bundeli Style : Inspired and influenced from Rajasthani Style. King Shungjeetsing of Datiya
State introduced in the state.

4. Gwalior Style : Flowished under Tomar Dynasty.

12. CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS OF MP

• Madhya Pradesh Kala Parishad 3 Bhopal [1952]
• Madhya Pradesh Sahitya Parishad 3 Bhopal [1954]
• Indira Gandhi University Of Arts And Music, Khairgarh [1956]
• Madhya Pradesh Directorate Of Archaeology And Museums [1956]
• Madhya Pradesh Hindi Granth Academy, Bhopal [1969]
• MP Kalidas Academy, Ujjain [1978]
• Madhya Pradesh Sindhi Academy, Bhopal [1983]
• Madhya Pradesh Urdu Academy, Bhopal [1976]
• Kul Hind Allama Iqbal Adabi Markaj [1984]
• Madhya Pradesh Sanskrit Academy, Bhopal [1985]
• Ustad Allauddin Khan Sangeet Academy, Bhopal [1979]
• Madhya Pradesh Adivasi Lok Kala Parishad, Bhopal [1980]
• Ravindra Bhavan, Bhopal
• Madhya Pradesh Sanskritik Parishad, Bhopal [2003]
• Bharat Bhavan, Bhopal [1982]
• MP Tulsi Academy, Bhopal [1987]
• MP Bhojpuri and Punjabi Sahitya Academy, Bhopal [2013]

Note:
MP CULTURAL COUNCIL
This body was set up in 2003 in Bhopal with the Chief Minister as its President and Culture
minister as Vice President.
Following academies have been included under this body

1. Ustad Allaudin Khan Academy, Maihar

2. Kalidas Academy
3. Sahitya Academy
4. MP Kula Parishad
5. MP Adivasi Lok Kala Parishad

Ustad Allauddin Khan Sangeet Evam Kala Academy

• The Central India Art Council was established in 1952 in Gwalior.
• The name of Madhya Pradesh Arts Council was named after the state of Madhya Pradesh
formed in 1956. This name was in vogue until 2003.
• In the year 2003, Madhya Pradesh Culture Council was formed by the Department of
Culture and its name became Madhya Pradesh Kala Academy.
• In the year 2006, the music academy, merged with the name of Maihar Gharana's
musician Ustad Allauddin Khan, was merged in the Kala Academy. Since then, its name is
in the vogue of Ustad Allauddin Khan Sangeet Evam Kala Academy.

13. MAJOR AWARDS and HONOURS OF MP

MP Awards & Honours (National)

No. Name Year of Honorarium Faculty Current Update

Institution (Selected
Persons)
1. Mahatma 1995-96 Rs 10.00 To an institution 2018 - Lokayat,
Gandhi lakh which is working Pune (Alka
Award according to Gandhi Joshi)
Philosophy and
Ideology
2. Kabeer Award 1986-87 Rs 3.00 lakh In the field of Indian 2017 - Naresh
poetry Saxena, Gwalior
2018 - Gorti
Vecanna,
Hyderabad
3. Tansen Award 1980-81 2.00 lakh In the field of
(Indian Hindustani Music
Classical
Music)
4. Kalidas 1980-81 2.00 lakh In the field of theatre
Award
(Classical
Music)
5. Kalidas 1980-81 2.00 lakh In the field of classical
Award (Fine Dance
Arts)
6. Kalidas 1980-81 2.00 lakh In the field of theatre
 Award
(Theater)
7. Kalidas 1980-81 2.00 lakh In the field of classical
Award Dance
(Classical
Dance)
8. Tulsi Award 1983-84 2.00 lakh In the field of folk and 2017 -
traditional tribal Art Kailashchandra
(only for male Artist) Sharma, Jaipur
2018 - Vikram
Yadav,
Rajnandgaon
9. Lata 1984-85 2.00 lakh For music direction,
Mangeshkar and playback singer in
Award the field of light music
10. Iqbal Award 1986-87 2.00 lakh For creative Urdu 2017 -
writing Shamsurrahman
Farooqui 2018 -
Ghazanafar Ali,
Aligarh
11. Maithli 1996-97 2.00 lakh In the field of Hindi 2017 - Rajesh
Sharan Gupt Literature Joshi, Bhopal
Award 2018-Manzoor
Ahtesham,
Bhopal
12. Devi Ahilya 1996-97 2.00 lakh In the field of 2017 - Krishna
Award traditional folk and Verma, Ujjain
tribal Art (For female 2018 -
Artist) Shantidevi Jha,
Bihar
13. Kishore 1997-98 2.00 lakh For film direction, 2017 -
Kumar Award Acting script writing Priyadarshan,
and lyric writing Chennai 2018 -
Waheeda
Rehman,
Mumbai
14. Sharad Joshi 1992-93 2.00 lakh In the field of writing of 2017 - Yashwant
Award Report, Diary letter Vyas, Jaipur
and Hindi satire 2018 - Ravish
Kumar, senior
journalist, Delhi
15. Kavi Pradeep -- 2.00 lakh For stage poetry field 2018 - Ashok
Award Chakradhar,
New Delhi
16. Nanaji -- 2.00 lakh Faculty For individuals
Deshmukh and institutions in the
Award field of socio-cultural
harmony and social
development
17. Kumar 1992-93 1.25 lakh For young Artist from
Gandharv age (25-45 years) in
Award the field of classical
 music for vocal and
instrumental
18. Raja Maan -- 1.00 lakh For institutions
Singh Tomar working under music,
Award culture and art
conservation
19. Chakradhar -- -- Cultural Dance
Fellowship