DE142 Draw Pit 2-3 Calc
DE142 Draw Pit 2-3 Calc
DE142 Draw Pit 2-3 Calc
REPORT TITLE:
Prepared by
0 10 JUNE 2024 Structural Analysis & Design of Draw Pit 2 & 3 KWH
Rev Date Description Issued By
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Document Revision
Page 2 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 1
2 DESIGN INFORMATION............................................................................................ 1
4 CONCLUDING REMARK........................................................................................... 3
Page 3 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
1 INTRODUCTION
This report presents the draw pit design for precast top slab, base slab and wall as per
project title above.
2 DESIGN INFORMATION
Code of Practice
All structural works are designed according to the following relevant Standard and Codes
of Practice:
Codes of Practice
LTA CDC Civil Design Criteria for Road and Rail Transit Systems
Design Loads
Water Table
Water Table is adopted at ground level to consider full hydrostatic pressure acting on
lateral and base.
Page 4 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Element Value
Cover Requirements
Cover Value
Wall 40mm
Crackwidth Design
Page 5 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Structural System
The draw pit structure consists of top slab, wall and base slab. The structural design
calculations to refer to Appendix.
4 CONCLUDING REMARK
The draw pits design is satisfactory.
Page 6 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 7 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Continuous Beam: Wall H=1.905m Clear Span (Cantilever case) (Code of Practice : Eurocode 2 -
11/6/2024 7:34:16 am C01
Input Tables
fck(MPa) 32
fy (MPa) 500
fyv (MPa) 500
% Redistribution 0
Downward/Optimized redistr. D
Cover to centre top steel(mm) 48
Cover to centre bot.steel(mm) 48
Dead Load Factor 1.35
Live Load Factor 1.5
Density of concrete (kN/m3) 0
% Live load permanent 25
Ø (Creep coefficient) 2
Ecs (Free shrinkage strain) 300E-6
cot (Θ) - Eurocode Shear 2.5
1 1000 200
1 1.905 1
Page 8 of 93
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Job Title
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Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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Sections
1000
200
SECTION 1
Beam Elevation
SPAN 1
1 2
Live
12.50
Dead
1.905
Page 9 of 93
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Job Title
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Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
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.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
.200
.400
.600
.800
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
Long-term Deflections (All spans loaded - using entered reinforcement) Def max = 7.782mm @ 0.00m
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
2.00
4.00
6.00
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
-10.0
-20.0
-30.0
-40.0
-50.0
-60.0
-70.0
-50.0
-40.0
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
.800
.600
.400
.200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
-600
-400
-200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
Page 10 of 93
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SPAN 1
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Page 22 of 93
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QUANTITIES
Section Area(m²)
1 0.200
Page 24 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 25 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Continuous Beam: Base Slab (Uplift Case) (Code of Practice : Eurocode 2 - 2004)
10/6/2024 11:00:53 pm C01
Input Tables
fck(MPa) 32
fy (MPa) 500
fyv (MPa) 500
% Redistribution 0
Downward/Optimized redistr. D
Cover to centre top steel(mm) 48
Cover to centre bot.steel(mm) 48
Dead Load Factor 1.0
Live Load Factor 1.35
Density of concrete (kN/m3) 25
% Live load permanent 25
Ø (Creep coefficient) 2.5
Ecs (Free shrinkage strain) 300E-6
cot (Θ) - Eurocode Shear 2.5
1 1000 200
1 1.4 1
Page 26 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Sections
1000
200
SECTION 1
Beam Elevation
SPAN 1
1 2
Live
-21.05
Dead+
5.00
Own W
1.400
Page 27 of 93
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-.00800
-.00600
-.00400
-.00200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.00200
Long-term Deflections (All spans loaded - using entered reinforcement) Def max = -.0093mm @ .700m
-.00800
-.00600
-.00400
-.00200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
SHEAR: X-X V max = -16.39kN @ 0.00m
15.0
10.0
5.00
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
-5.00
-10.0
-15.0
-1.00
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.00
2.00
3.00
.800
.600
.400
.200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
20.0
40.0
Page 28 of 93
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Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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C O N T I N U O U S B E A M Ver W3.1.02 - 15 Nov 2018
SPAN 1
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COLUMN REACTIONS
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Columns below
Columns above
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SPAN 1
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SPAN 1
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QUANTITIES
Section Area(m²)
1 0.200
Page 39 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 40 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Input Tables
fck(MPa) 32
fy (MPa) 500
fyv (MPa) 500
% Redistribution 0
Downward/Optimized redistr. D
Cover to centre top steel(mm) 48
Cover to centre bot.steel(mm) 48
Dead Load Factor 1.35
Live Load Factor 1.5
Density of concrete (kN/m3) 25
% Live load permanent 25
Ø (Creep coefficient) 2.5
Ecs (Free shrinkage strain) 300E-6
cot (Θ) - Eurocode Shear 2.5
1 200 200
1 1.4 1
Page 41 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Sections
200
200
SECTION 1
Beam Elevation
SPAN 1
1 2
Live
5.00
Dead+
1.00
Own W
1.400
Page 42 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.02000
.04000
.06000
.08000
Long-term Deflections (All spans loaded - using entered reinforcement) Def max = .1557mm @ .700m
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.020
.040
.060
.080
.100
.120
.140
4.00
2.00
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.500
1.00
1.50
2.00
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.020
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
10.0
20.0
30.0
Page 43 of 93
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C O N T I N U O U S B E A M Ver W3.1.02 - 15 Nov 2018
SPAN 1
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COLUMN REACTIONS
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SPAN 1
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QUANTITIES
Section Area(m²)
1 0.040
Page 54 of 93
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Continuous Beam: Precast Cover Type 2 Edge Beam (Code of Practice : Eurocode 2 - 2004)
10/6/2024 10:57:23 pm C01
Input Tables
fck(MPa) 32
fy (MPa) 500
fyv (MPa) 500
% Redistribution 0
Downward/Optimized redistr. D
Cover to centre top steel(mm) 58
Cover to centre bot.steel(mm) 58
Dead Load Factor 1.35
Live Load Factor 1.5
Density of concrete (kN/m3) 25
% Live load permanent 25
Ø (Creep coefficient) 2.5
Ecs (Free shrinkage strain) 300E-6
cot (Θ) - Eurocode Shear 2.5
1 300 200
1 1.4 1
Page 55 of 93
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Sections
300
200
SECTION 1
Beam Elevation
SPAN 1
1 2
Live
15.00
Dead+
4.50
Own W
1.400
Page 56 of 93
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.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.050
.100
.150
.200
.250
.300
Long-term Deflections (All spans loaded - using required reinforcement) Def max = 1.949mm @ .720m
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.500
1.00
1.50
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
-10.0
-20.0
-30.0
-40.0
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.0
12.0
.250
.200
.150
.100
.050
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
50.0
100
150
200
Page 57 of 93
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C O N T I N U O U S B E A M Ver W3.1.02 - 15 Nov 2018
SPAN 1
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SPAN 1
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QUANTITIES
Section Area(m²)
1 0.060
Page 68 of 93
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Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
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Continuous Beam: Precast Cover Type 2 Internal Slab (Code of Practice : Eurocode 2 - 2004)
10/6/2024 11:00:36 pm C01
Input Tables
fck(MPa) 32
fy (MPa) 500
fyv (MPa) 500
% Redistribution 0
Downward/Optimized redistr. D
Cover to centre top steel(mm) 48
Cover to centre bot.steel(mm) 48
Dead Load Factor 1.35
Live Load Factor 1.5
Density of concrete (kN/m3) 25
% Live load permanent 25
Ø (Creep coefficient) 2.5
Ecs (Free shrinkage strain) 300E-6
cot (Θ) - Eurocode Shear 2.5
1 1000 200
1 1.4 1
Page 69 of 93
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Sections
1000
200
SECTION 1
Beam Elevation
SPAN 1
1 2
Live
25.00
Dead+
5.00
Own W
1.400
Page 70 of 93
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.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.02000
.04000
.06000
.08000
Long-term Deflections (All spans loaded - using required reinforcement) Def max = .1837mm @ .700m
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.020
.040
.060
.080
.100
.120
.140
.160
.180
20.0
10.0
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
-10.0
-20.0
-30.0
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.0
.800
.600
.400
.200
.100
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
.200
.300
.400
.500
.600
.700
.800
.900
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
50.0
100
150
Page 71 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
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C O N T I N U O U S B E A M Ver W3.1.02 - 15 Nov 2018
SPAN 1
Page 72 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Page 73 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
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SPAN 1
Page 74 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Page 75 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
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Page 76 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
COLUMN REACTIONS
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Columns below
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SPAN 1
Page 77 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Page 78 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
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Page 79 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
SPAN 1
Page 80 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
Page 81 of 93
Job Number Sheet
Job Title
DE142
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
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QUANTITIES
Section Area(m²)
1 0.200
Page 82 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 83 of 93
Project Spreadsheets to EC2 The Concrete Centre
Client DE142 Made by Date Page
Location Draw Pit Wall SL 10-Jun-24
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xlsm v4.2 on CD © 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR EK -
LEGEND
INPUT
fck = 32 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 1340 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 152 mm
b= 1000 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 523 mm2
h= 200 mm d2 = 45 mm
QP moment, M = 39.4 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 28 days Max tension bar dia, Øeq = 16 mm
Cement type = N (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, φ = 2.5 Cover to As, c = 40 mm
CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 33.3 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio αe = 20.99
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 40.00 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 3.02 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh²/2+(αe-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(αe-1)(As+As2)] xu = 103.45 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh³/12+bh(h/2-x)²+(αe-1)[As(d-x)²+As2(x-d2)²] Iu = 768 mm4 106
cracking moment = f ctI/(h-x) Mcr = 24.05 kNm
< 39.4 kNm → section is CRACKED
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Asαe-As2(αe-1)+[{Asαe+As2(αe-1)}²-2b{-Asαed-As2d2(αe-1)}]½)/b xc = 66.21 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(αe-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] σc = 8.456 MPa
stress in tension steel = σc∙αe(d-x)/x σs = 230.0 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 43258 mm2
As /Ac,eff ρp,eff = 0.0310
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17Ø/ρp,eff)] sr,max = 223.8 mm
average strain for crack width calculation εsm-εcm = 827.9 μstrain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH W k = 0.185 mm
Page 84 of 93
Project Spreadsheets to EC2 The Concrete Centre
Client DE142 Made by Date Page
Location Base Slab SL 10-Jun-24
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xlsm v4.2 on CD © 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR EK -
LEGEND
INPUT
fck = 32 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 523 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 155 mm
b= 1000 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 1340 mm2
h= 200 mm d2 = 48 mm
QP moment, M = 3.05 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 28 days Max tension bar dia, Øeq = 10 mm
Cement type = N (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, φ = 2.5 Cover to As, c = 40 mm
CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 33.3 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio αe = 20.99
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 40.00 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 3.02 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh²/2+(αe-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(αe-1)(As+As2)] xu = 96.55 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh³/12+bh(h/2-x)²+(αe-1)[As(d-x)²+As2(x-d2)²] Iu = 768 mm4 106
cracking moment = f ctI/(h-x) Mcr = 22.45 kNm
> 3.05 kNm → section is uncracked
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Asαe-As2(αe-1)+[{Asαe+As2(αe-1)}²-2b{-Asαed-As2d2(αe-1)}]½)/b xc = 48.26 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(αe-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] σc = 0.906 MPa
stress in tension steel = σc∙αe(d-x)/x σs = 42.0 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 50055 mm2
As /Ac,eff ρp,eff = 0.0104
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17Ø/ρp,eff)] sr,max = 298.7 mm
average strain for crack width calculation εsm-εcm = 126.1 μstrain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH W k = 0.000 mm
Page 85 of 93
Project Spreadsheets to EC2 The Concrete Centre
Client DE142 Made by Date Page
Location Precast Top Cover Type 1 200x200 SL 10-Jun-24
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xlsm v4.2 on CD © 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR EK -
LEGEND
INPUT
fck = 32 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 266 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 144 mm
b= 200 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 266 mm2
h= 200 mm d2 = 57 mm
QP moment, M = 1.47 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 28 days Max tension bar dia, Øeq = 13 mm
Cement type = N (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, φ = 2.5 Cover to As, c = 50 mm
CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 33.3 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio αe = 20.99
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 40.00 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 3.02 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh²/2+(αe-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(αe-1)(As+As2)] xu = 100.00 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh³/12+bh(h/2-x)²+(αe-1)[As(d-x)²+As2(x-d2)²] Iu = 153 mm4 106
cracking moment = f ctI/(h-x) Mcr = 4.64 kNm
> 1.47 kNm → section is uncracked
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Asαe-As2(αe-1)+[{Asαe+As2(αe-1)}²-2b{-Asαed-As2d2(αe-1)}]½)/b xc = 63.77 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(αe-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] σc = 1.766 MPa
stress in tension steel = σc∙αe(d-x)/x σs = 46.4 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 8816 mm2
As /Ac,eff ρp,eff = 0.0302
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17Ø/ρp,eff)] sr,max = 243.2 mm
average strain for crack width calculation εsm-εcm = 139.1 μstrain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH W k = 0.000 mm
Page 86 of 93
Project Spreadsheets to EC2 The Concrete Centre
Client DE142 Made by Date Page
Location Precast Top Cover Type 2 300x200 Edge Beam SL 10-Jun-24
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xlsm v4.2 on CD © 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR EK -
LEGEND
INPUT
fck = 32 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 603 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 142 mm
b= 300 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 399 mm2
h= 200 mm d2 = 57 mm
QP moment, M = 8.81 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 28 days Max tension bar dia, Øeq = 16 mm
Cement type = N (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, φ = 2.5 Cover to As, c = 50 mm
CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 33.3 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio αe = 20.99
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 40.00 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 3.02 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh²/2+(αe-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(αe-1)(As+As2)] xu = 101.99 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh³/12+bh(h/2-x)²+(αe-1)[As(d-x)²+As2(x-d2)²] Iu = 236 mm4 106
cracking moment = f ctI/(h-x) Mcr = 7.28 kNm
< 8.81 kNm → section is CRACKED
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Asαe-As2(αe-1)+[{Asαe+As2(αe-1)}²-2b{-Asαed-As2d2(αe-1)}]½)/b xc = 71.64 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(αe-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] σc = 6.233 MPa
stress in tension steel = σc∙αe(d-x)/x σs = 128.5 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 12233 mm2
As /Ac,eff ρp,eff = 0.0493
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17Ø/ρp,eff)] sr,max = 225.2 mm
average strain for crack width calculation εsm-εcm = 392.9 μstrain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH W k = 0.088 mm
Page 87 of 93
Project Spreadsheets to EC2 The Concrete Centre
Client DE142 Made by Date Page
Location Precast Top Cover Type 2 - Internal Slab SL 10-Jun-24
FLEXURAL CRACK WIDTH CALCULATION to BS EN 1992-1 : 2004 Checked Revision Job No
Originated from TCC14.xlsm v4.2 on CD © 2002-2005 BCA for RCC RECTANGULAR EK -
LEGEND
INPUT
fck = 32 MPa Area of tension steel, As = 523 mm2
fyk = 500 MPa d= 155 mm
b= 1000 mm Area of compression steel, As2 = 523 mm2
h= 200 mm d2 = 45 mm
QP moment, M = 7.35 KNm Maxmum tension bar spacing, S = 150 mm
Age at cracking = 28 days Max tension bar dia, Øeq = 13 mm
Cement type = N (S, N, or R) Short term or long term ? L (S or L)
Creep factor, φ = 2.5 Cover to As, c = 39 mm
CALCULATIONS
modulus of elasticity of concrete = 22[(fck+8)/10]0.3 Ecm = 33.3 GPa
moduli of elasticity of steel Es = 200.0 GPa
Modular ratio αe = 20.99
mean concrete strength at cracking fcm,t = 40.00 MPa
mean concrete tensile strength fct,eff = 3.02 MPa
uncracked neutral axis depth
[bh²/2+(αe-1)(Asd+As2d2)]/[bh+(αe-1)(As+As2)] xu = 100.00 mm
nd
uncracked 2 moment of area
bh³/12+bh(h/2-x)²+(αe-1)[As(d-x)²+As2(x-d2)²] Iu = 730 mm4 106
cracking moment = f ctI/(h-x) Mcr = 22.07 kNm
> 7.35 kNm → section is uncracked
fully cracked neutral axis depth
(-Asαe-As2(αe-1)+[{Asαe+As2(αe-1)}²-2b{-Asαed-As2d2(αe-1)}]½)/b xc = 47.88 mm
concrete stress = M/[bx(d-x/3)/2+(αe-1)As2(d-d2)(x-d2)/x] σc = 2.163 MPa
stress in tension steel = σc∙αe(d-x)/x σs = 101.6 MPa
effective tension area = min[2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3, h/2]b - As Ac,eff = 50185 mm2
As /Ac,eff ρp,eff = 0.0104
max final crack spacing = min[1.3/(h-x),3.4c+0.17Ø/ρp,eff)] sr,max = 343.0 mm
average strain for crack width calculation εsm-εcm = 304.9 μstrain
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH W k = 0.000 mm
Page 88 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 89 of 93
Client: DE142 Date: 10/6/2024
Project/Job: Draw Pit Cover (Type 2 Heaviest Panel) Job No: Sheet No: 1
Subject: Lifting Hook By: EK
Page 90 of 93
DE142 – DRAW PIT 2 & 3
Page 91 of 93
Client: DE142 Date: 10/6/2024
Project/Job: Draw Pit Job No: Sheet No: 1
Subject: Check Maximum Pressure By: EK
Page 92 of 93
Client: DE142 Date: 10/6/2024
Project/Job: Draw Pit 2&3 Job No: Sheet No: 1
Subject: Check Floatation/ Uplift By: EK
Page 93 of 93
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