Model Question Paper Set -1with effect from 2022(CBCS Scheme)

USN

Fourth Semester B.E Degree Examination

LINEAR ALGEBRA (BCS405D)
TIME:03Hours Max.Marks:100
Note:

1. Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each
MODULE.
2. M: Marks, L: RBT levels, C: Course outcomes.
Module - 1 M L C
Q.1 a Show that set 𝑉 = {𝑎 + 𝑏√2 | 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑄}, where Q is the set of all 6 L2 CO1
rational: field Q is a vector space, under usual addition and scalar
multiplication.
b Let 𝑆 = {(1, −3, 2), (2, 4, 1), (1, 1, 1)} be a subset of 𝑉3 (𝑅). Show that 7 L2 CO1
the vector (3, −7, 6) is in L[S].
c Show that the vectors 7 L3 CO1
(1, 1, 2, 4), (2, −1, −5, 2), (1, −1, −4, 0) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (2, 1, 1, 6) are linearly
dependent in R4 and extract a linearly independent subset. Also find the
dimension and a basis of the subspace spanned by them.
OR
Q.2 a Prove that a non-empty subset W is a subspace of a vector space V over 6 L2 CO1
F, if and only if 𝑐1 𝛼 + 𝑐2 𝛽 ∈ 𝑊, ∀ 𝛼, 𝛽 ∈ 𝑊, 𝑐1 , 𝑐2 ∈ 𝐹. Show that
the subset 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) | 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0} of the vector space 𝑉3 (𝑅) is
a subspace of 𝑉3 (𝑅).
b Verify the set 𝑆 = {(1, 2, 1), (−1, 1, 0), (5, −1, 2)} is linearly dependent 7 L2 CO1
or not.
c Find the basis and dimension of the subspace spanned by the subset 7 L3 CO1
1 −5 1 1 2 −4 1 −7
𝑆 = {[ ],[ ],[ ],[ ]} of the vector space
−4 2 −1 5 −5 7 −5 1
of all 2 x 2 matrices over R.

Module – 2
Q.3 a Find the linear transformation of 𝑇: 𝑉2 (𝑅) → 𝑉2 (𝑅) such that 𝑇(1, 1) = 6 L3 CO2
(0, 1) and 𝑇(−1, 1) = (3, 2).
Find the matrix of the linear transformation 𝑇: 𝑉2 (𝑅) → 𝑉3 (𝑅) defined
b by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦) = (2𝑦 − 𝑥, 𝑦, 3𝑦 − 3𝑥) relative to bases 𝐵1 = 7 L3 CO2
{(1, 1), (−1, 1)} and 𝐵2 = {(1, 1, 1), (1, −1, 1), (0, 0, 1)}.
Find the range, nullspace, rank and nullity of the linear transformation.
c 𝑇: 𝑉3 (𝑅) → 𝑉2 (𝑅) defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑦 − 𝑥, 𝑦 − 𝑧) and verify 7 L3 CO2
also verify Rank-nullity theorem.
OR
Verify the transformation 𝑇: 𝑉2 (𝑅) → 𝑉2 (𝑅) defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦) =
Q.4 a (3𝑥 + 2𝑦, 3𝑥 − 4𝑦) is linear or not. 6 L2 CO2
 1 2
b Given the matrix 𝐴 = [ 0 1] find the linear transformation 7 L2 CO2
−1 3
𝑇: 𝑉2 (𝑅) → 𝑉3 (𝑅) relative to the bases 𝐵1 = {(1, 2), (−2, 1)} and 𝐵2 =
{(1, −1, −1), (1, 2, 3), (−1, 0, 2)}.
Show that the linear map 𝑇: 𝑉3 → 𝑉3 defined by 𝑇(𝑒1 ) = 𝑒1 +
c 𝑒2 , 𝑇(𝑒2 ) = 𝑒2 + 𝑒3 , 𝑇(𝑒3 ) = 𝑒1 + 𝑒2 + 𝑒3 is non-singular and find its 7 L2 CO2
inverse.

Module – 3
2 1 0 6 L3 CO3
Q.5 a Determine the Eigen values and Eigen vectors of [0 1 −1].
0 2 4
Verify the Cayley’s Hamilton theorem for the matrix 𝐴 = 7 L2 CO3
b 1 1 0 0
0 2 0 0
[ ]
0 0 −1 1
0 0 −2 4
Let V be a vector space of dimension 6 over R and let T be a linear 7 L2 CO3
c operator whose minimal polynomial is 𝑚(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)2 .
Find the rational canonical form of T.
OR
8 −6 2
Q.6 a Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of [−6 7 −4]. 6 L3 CO3
2 −4 3
Determine all the possible Jordan canonical forms for a linear operator
b 𝑇: 𝑉 → 𝑉 whose characteristics polynomial is ∆(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)3 (𝑥 − 5)2 7 L3 CO3

1 2 0
c Find the characteristics equation for the matrix 𝐴 = [2 −1 0 ] and 7 L3 CO3
0 0 −1
hence find A-1.

Module – 4
Let V be a vector space of real continuous functions on the interval 0 ≤
Q.7 a 𝑡 ≤ 1 with inner product defined by 〈𝑓, 𝑔〉 = 1 𝑓(𝑡)𝑔(𝑡) 𝑑𝑡 and the 6 L2 CO4
∫0
polynomial 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑡 + 2, 𝑔(𝑡) = 3𝑡 − 2, ℎ(𝑡) = 𝑡 2 − 2𝑡 − 3. Find
〈𝑓, 𝑔〉, 〈𝑓, ℎ〉, ‖𝑓‖, ‖𝑔‖.
1 3 5
b 1 1 0 7 L3 CO4
Construct an orthogonal basis of 𝐴 = [ ] by Gram-Schmidt
1 1 2
1 3 3
method.
Find a least square solution of the system of equation Ax=b. where
c 4 0 2 7 L3 CO4
𝐴 = [0 2] , 𝑏 = [0].
1 1 1
OR
If W is a subspace of a real inner product space V, prove that 𝑊 ⊥ is a
Q.8 a subspace of V. 6 L2 CO4
 Find an orthogonal basis for the vector space 𝑉3 (𝑅) by applying the
b Gram-Schmidth 7 L3 CO4
orthogonalization process to the vectors
(3, 0, 4), (−1, 0 7), (2, 9, 11).
1 3 5 3
c 1 1 0 5 7 L3 CO4
Find least square solution of Ax=b for 𝐴 = [ ] , 𝑏 = [ ] by
1 1 2 7
1 3 3 −3
QR-factorization.

Module – 5
5 3
a Diagonalize the matrix 𝐴 = [1 3] and hence find A .
8
Q.9 6 L2 CO5
−1 1
b Find the singular value decomposition of the matrix 𝐴 = [−2
2 ]. 7 L3 CO5
2 −2
Find the minimum and maximum values of 𝑄(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
c subject to the constraint 𝑋 𝑇 𝑋 = 𝐼. 7 L3 CO5

OR
6 −2 2
Q.10 a Orthogonally diagonalize the matrix 𝐴 = [−2 3 −1] 6 L2 CO5
2 −1 3
4 11 14
b Find the singular value decomposition of the matrix 𝐴 = [8 7 −2
]. 7 L3 CO5

Make the change of variable 𝑋 = 𝑃𝑌 that transforms the quadratic form

c 𝑥12 + 10𝑥12 𝑥22 + 𝑥22 . 7 L3 CO5
 Model Question Paper Set-2 with effect from 2024(CBCS Scheme)
USN

Fourth Semester B.E Degree Examination

Linear Algebra
BCS404D
TIME:03Hours Max.Marks:100
Note:
1. Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each
MODULE
2. M: Marks, L: RBT levels, C: Course outcomes.
Module - 1 M L C
Show that the set V of all polynomials of degree n over a field F is not a
Q.1 a 6 L2 CO1
vector space over F
The set 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧): 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 2} of the vector space 𝑅 3 (𝑅)
b 7 L2 CO1
over the field of Real numbers. Check W is a subspace of 𝑅 3 (𝑅)
Does {1 − 𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 , 1 + 𝑥 + 7𝑥 2 , 1 + 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 } the set of vectors
c 7 L2 CO1
forms a linear independent set.

OR
Define a subspace. Prove that the intersection of two subspaces of a
Q.2 a 6 L2 CO1
vector space V(F) is a subspace of V( F)
Determine whether the following set of vectors is linearly independent
b 7 L2 CO1
or linearly dependent. If the set is linearly dependent, express one vector
in the set as a linear combination of the others for the vectors (1, 0, −1,
0), (1, 2, 3, 4), (−1, −2, 0, 1), (−2, −2, 7, 11)
Find the value of k do the set of vectors 𝑣1 = (𝑘, 1,1 ), 𝑣2 = (0, 1,1 ),
c 7 L3 CO1
𝑣3 = (𝑘, 0, 𝑘 ) form a basis of 𝑅 3 (𝑅)?

Module – 2
Q.3 a Prove that 𝑇: 𝑅 3 → 𝑅 3 be defined by 6 L2 CO2
𝑇(𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = (3𝑎 , 𝑎 – 𝑏 , 2𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) is a linear transformation.
Verify the Rank- nullity theorem for the T:𝑅 3 → 𝑅 3 defined by
b 7 L2 CO2
T (x, y, z)= (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧, 𝑦 + 𝑧, 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧)
Define Singular and non Singular linear transformation. If
c 7 L2 CO2
𝑇: 𝑃3 (𝑅) → 𝑃3 (𝑅) is a Linear Transformation given by
𝑇(𝑝(𝑥)) = 𝑝(𝑥 + 1) − 𝑝(𝑥 − 1) then Check T is a singular linear
transformation or not.

OR
Let T: V → W be a linear transformation. Then prove that R(T) is a
Q.4 a 6 L2 CO2
subspace of W.
Let 𝑇: 𝑅 3 → 𝑅 3 be a linear transformation defined by
b 7 L2 CO2
 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 2𝑧, 2𝑥 + 3𝑦, 𝑦 − 𝑧). Check whether T is
isomorphism and hence find 𝑇 −1 .
Find the matrix of the linear transformation 𝑇: 𝑉2 (𝑅) → 𝑉3 (𝑅) defined
c 7 L3 CO2
by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦) = (𝑥 + 𝑦 , 𝑥, 3𝑥 − 𝑦) with respect to
𝐵1 = {(1, 1), (3, 1)}, 𝐵2 = {(1, 1, 1) , (1, 1, 1) , (1, 0, 0) }

Module – 3
2 3 2 6 L2 CO3
Q.5 a Let 𝐴 = [−1 2] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 7. Show that 𝑓(𝐴) = 0. Use
the result to find 𝐴5 .
0 0 1 7 L2 CO3
b Verify Cayley Hamilton theorem for the matrix 𝐴 = [3 1 0]. Hence
2 1 4
−1
Compute𝐴 .
Find the Eigen values and Eigen values of the matrix 7 L3 CO3
c
1 −1 4
𝐴 = [3 2 −1]
2 1 −1
OR
Find all the Jordan canonical form of A having
Q.6 a 6 L3 CO3
𝐶𝐴 (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 3)4 (𝑥 − 5)5 and 𝑚𝐴 (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 3)2 (𝑥 − 5)2.
Find the characteristic and minimal polynomials for the matrix
b 7 L3 CO3
−2 −6 −9
𝐴=[ 3 7 9]
−1 −2 −2
1 −6 −1
c 1 −2 7 L3 CO3
Find the least square solution of 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵 for 𝐴 = [ ]&𝐵=[ 2 ]
1 1 1
1 7 6
Module – 4
Define an inner product space. If V is an inner product space, then for
Q.7 a 6 L2 CO4
any vectors α, β in V, Prove that || α +β || ≤ ||α || + || β ||.
Apply the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process to find an
b 7 L3 CO4
orthonormal basis for the subspace of R 4 spanned by the vectors
𝑣1 = (1,1,1,1) , 𝑣2 = (1,2,4,5) , 𝑣3 = (1, −3, −4, −2).
Let V be the vector space of all 2 × 3 matrices over R. The matrices
c 7 L2 CO4
9 8 7 1 2 3 3 −5 2
A= [ ] 𝐵=[ ] and 𝐶 = [ ]
6 5 4 4 5 6 1 0 −4
Find 𝑖) 〈𝐴, 𝐵〉 , 〈𝐴, 𝐶〉 , 〈𝐵, 𝐶〉 𝑖𝑖) 〈2𝐴 + 3𝐵, 4𝐶〉 𝑖𝑖𝑖) ‖𝐴‖ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ‖𝐵‖

OR
Prove that every finite dimensional inner product space has an
Q.8 a 6 L2 CO4
orthonormal basis.
Find an orthonormal basis for the vector space V3(R) by applying the
b 7 L3 CO4
Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process to the vectors
(3, 0, 4), (−1, 0, 7) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (2, 9, 11).
1 0 0
c 7 L3 CO4
Find the QR Factorization of 𝐴 = [1 1 0]
1 1 1
1 1 1
 Module – 5
Q.9 a Convert the quadratic form 𝑄(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥𝑦 − 5𝑦 2 into quadratic 6 L2 CO5
form with no cross-product form.
1 −1
b Find the singular value decomposition of 𝐴 = [−2 2 ]. 7 L3 CO5
2 −2
−1 3
c Diagonalize the matrix A, given that A= [−2 4] Hence find A .
4
7 L2 CO5

OR
4 11 14
Q.10 a Find the Singular value Decomposition of 𝐴 = [8 7 −2
]. 6 L3 CO5
Using PCA, Reduce the dimension for the following data
b 7 L2 CO5
Feature Exp-1 Exp-2 Exp-3 Exp-4
X1 4 8 13 7
X2 11 4 5 14
1 −1 1
c Diagonalize the symmetric matrix 𝐴 = [−1 1 −1]. 7 L3 CO5
1 −1 1