Total No. of Questions : 8] SEAT No.

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P1614 [Total No. of Pages : 3

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S.E. ( Mechanical & Automobile/ Mechanical SW)

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THERMODYNAMICS

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(2019 Pattern) (Semester - III) (202043)

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Time :2½ Hours] [Max. Marks : 70

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Instructions to the candidates:
1) Answer Q1 or Q2, Q3 or Q4, Q5 or Q6, Q7 or Q8.
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2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary.
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3) Figures to the right side indicate full marks.

4) Use of electronic pocket calculator, steam table is allowed.
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5) Assume suitable data, if necessary.

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Q1) a) Explain the concept of Available and Unavailable energy. When does the

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system become dead? [8]
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b) 1 Kg of air at a pressure of 8 bar and a temperature of 100° C undergoes
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a reversible Polytropic process following the law pv1.2 = constant. If the

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final pressure is 1.8 bar determine the increase in entropy, work done
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and heat transfer of the system? [9]

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Q2) a) State Boyle’s law and Charle’s law and derive an equation of the state

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for a perfect gas? [8]

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b) A system at 500 K receives 7200 KJ/min from a source at 1000 K. The
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temperature of atmosphere is 300 K. Assuming that the temperature of

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system and source remain constant during heat transfer, Determine: [9]
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i) The entropy produced during heat transfer.

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ii) The decrease in available energy after heat transfer.

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Q3) a) Explain the constructional details & working of Separating & Throttling
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calorimeter? [10]
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b) Explain the following terms: (i) Saturated steam,(ii) Dry saturated steam,
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(iii) Wet steam, (iv) superheated steam, (v) Dryness fraction of steam,(vi)
Specific volume of steam, and (vii) Saturated water. [8]
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Q4) a) A Rankine cycle operates between pressure of 80 bar and 0.1 bar. The

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maximum cycle temperature is 600°C. If the steam turbine and condensate

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pump efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.8 respectively. Calculate specific work

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and thermal efficiency? [12]

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P T°C Specific Volume Specific EnthapyKJ/Kg Specific Entropy KJKg

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m3/kg

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bar K

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vf 6/0 13 Vg hf hfg hg Sf Sfg Sg
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0.1 45.84 0.0010103 6/2 14.68 191.9 2392.3 2584.2 0.6488 7.5006 8.1494
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80 295.1 0.001385 0.0235 1317 1440.5 2757.5 3.2073 2.5351 5.7424

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At 80 bar, 600°C:Vsup = 0.486 m3/kg; hsup = 3642 KJ/Kg;Ssup =7.0206 KJ/Kg K.
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b) Find the external work done during evaporation, internal latent enthalpy
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and internal energy per kg of steam at a pressure of 15 bar (1,500 kPa)
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when the steam is [6]
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i) 0.9 dry,and
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ii) dry saturated

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Q5) a) Describe with the help of neat sketch (any one) the following calorimeters
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used for the determination of heating values [11]

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i) Bomb Calorimeter
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ii) Junker gas calorimeter

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b) What do you mean by Stochiometric Air Fuel ratio (A/F ratio) and explain
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the advantages/disadvantages of excess air supplied for the combustion?

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[6]
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Q6) a) What are the advantages of using Liquid fuels over Soild fuels? List out
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minimum six advantages with justification? [6]

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b) Percentage volumetric analysis of a sample of flue gases of a coal fired

boiler gave CO2 = 10.4%,CO = O.2%O2 = 7.8%,and N2 = 81.6% (by
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difference). Gravimetric Percentage analysis of coal was

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C = 78%,H2 =6%, O2 = 3% and incombustible = 13%. Estimate: [11]

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 i) Weight of dry flue gases per Kg of fuel

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ii) Weight of excess air per Kg of fuel.

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Q7) a) What is the function of Boiler Mountings? Explain with neat sketches

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any three of the mountings? [8]

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b) A steam generator evaporates 18000 Kg/hr of steam at 12.5 bar and a

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quality of 0.97 from feed water at 105°C, when coal is fired at the rate of

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2040 Kg/hr. If the HCV of the coal is 27400 KJ/Kg, Determine:
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i) The heat rate of boiler in KJ/Hr;
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ii) The Equivalent Evaporation;

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iii) The thermal effciency of the Boiler.

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Q8) a) What do you mean by Boiler Draught and how are they classified.
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Enumerate the advantages of Mechanical Draught? [6]
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b) A steam generator delivers steam at 100 bar,500°C (Enthalpy,
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h=3373.7KJ/Kg). The feed water inlet temperature is 160°C (h=677 KJ/
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Kg). The enthalpies of saturated liquid and saturated vapour at 100 bar
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are 1407.65 KJ/Kg and 2724.7 KJ/Kg respectively. The steam generation
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rate is 100000 Kg/hr and the steam generator efficiency is 88%. Estimate:
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[12]
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i) The fuel burning rate in Kg/hr, if the calorific value of fuel is 21

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MJ/Kg;

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ii)
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The percentage of total heat absorbed in the economizer, evaporator
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and superheater.
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Assume that only latent heat is absorbed in the Evaporator (Boiler

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drum) and neglect any pressure drop.

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