CLASS – 7 CHAPTER – 5 HEAT EXERCISE SOLUTIONS

A. Choose the correct option. 4. Air is a……………conductor of heat whereas

1. Heat always flows from : copper is a……………conductor of heat.
Answer : (a) higher temperature to lower Answer : bad, good
temperature
5. In liquids and gases, heat is transferred by
2. The S.I. unit of heat is : the process of……………..
Answer : (b) joule Answer : convection

3. To convert Celsius temperature into Kelvin 6. No medium is required for the transfer of
temperature, the formula is : heat by the process of………………
Answer : (a) K = 0C + 273 Answer : radiation

4. A device used for the measurement of 7. Iron expands……………than aluminium.

temperature is : Answer : more
Answer : (a) thermometer
8. Liquids expand…………….than gases.
5. The normal temperature of a healthy Answer : less
person is thirty seven degrees on :
Answer : (d) Celsius scale C. Write T for True and F for False
statements :
6. Which of the following is not a method of 1. In the CGS system, heat is expressed in
transfer of heat? joules.
Answer : (c) Convention Answer : False

7. Which of the following is not an insulator? 2. Sometimes, however, our senses of touch
Answer : (c) Brass is not reliable in telling us whether an object
is rellay hot or cold.
8. A liquid which is a good conductor of heat Answer : True
is :
Answer : (c) Mercury 3. Laboratory thermometer is also called as
Doctor’s thermometer.
9. The process which can transfer heat Answer : False
through the vacuum as well as air is :
Answer : (d) Radiation 4. A laboratory thermometer has no kink.
Answer : True
B. Fill in the blanks :
1. The degree of hotness or coldness of a 5. Digital thermometer have mercury.
body is called its………….. Answer : False
Answer : temperature
6. The decrease in size of an object on
2. In solids, heat is transferred by…………… cooling, is called expansion.
Answer : conduction Answer : False

3. The two examples of insulators of heat 7. Air expands on heating.

are……………and………….. Answer : True
Answer : bamboo and cardboard
8. Wool is a poor conductor of heat due to 2. Why should we not rely on our sense of
which woollen clothes stop the flow of heat touch for estimating the hotness of an
from our warm body to the cold surroudings. object?
Answer : True Answer : Two reasons : One is that we can't
feel the temperature of an object, we feel the
9. The silvering of the wall of thermos flask temperature of of our own flesh. When you
minimises the heat loss by radiation. touch something hot, it heats up your skin,
Answer : True and that heat in your skin is what you feel.
The other reason is that it isn't really accurate
D. Give two examples. to say that we feel heat in our skin.
1. Thermometers
Answer : Laboratory thermometer, Clinical 3. What is Celsius scale?
thermometer Answer : The most common temperature
scale marked on thermometers for measuring
2. Breeze blow in coastal area temperatuer is the ‘Celsius scale’.
Answer : Land breeze, Sea breeze
4. Who developed Fahrenheit scale?
3. Insulators Answer : The Fahrenheit scale was developed
Answer : Cotton, Leather by Daniel Gabriel.

4. Conductors 5. Write the difference in between heat and

Answer : Silver, Copper temperature.
Answer : Difference :
5. Heat transfer methods Heat Temperature
Answer : Conduction, Convection, Radiation It is a form of energy. It is the degree of hotness
or coldness of a body.
E. Complete the following :
It does not determine It determines the direction
1. Joule : Heat : : ………………: Temperature the direction of flow of the flow of heat. It
Answer : Degree of hotness or coldness of heat. always flows from a body
at a higher temperature to
2. Temperature of human body : Clinical a body at a lower
thermometer : : Temperature of day :
temperature.
……………….
It is measured in It is commonly measured in
Answer : Maximum and minimum
joule or calories, the Celsius, Kelvin or
thermometer
same units as of Fahrenheit.
energy.
3. Cooling : contraction : : Heating : ………….
Answer : Expansion
6. What are the precautions that should be
taken by a person using clinical
4. Wood : Insulator : : …………. : Conductor
thermometer.
Answer : Silver
Answer : Precautions in Using a Clinical
Thermometer :
5. Solids : Conduction : : Liquids and gases :
(i) The clinical thermometer should be
…………….
washed before and after use (preferably with
Answer : Convection
an antiseptic solution).
F. Answer the following questions in (ii) Before using the clinical thermometer, we
short. should ensure that the mercury level in its
tube is below 350C mark.
1. Define heat.
(iii) Read the clinical thermometer by keeping
Answer : Heat is a form of energy. The S.I.
the level of mercury along the line of sight.
unit of heat is joule (J).
(iv) The clinical thermometer should never be The range of a clinical thermometer is from
held by the bulb while reading it (otherwise 350C to 420C.
the bulb will break). A clinical thermometer cannot be used to
(v) Handle the clinical thermometer with care. measure high temperatures because it has
The thermometer can break if it hits against been designed to measure only human
some hard object. body temperature which varies over a short
range. If a clinical thermometer is used to
7. Write the difference between digital measure high temperatures, it will get
thermometer and clinical thermometer. damaged.
Answer : Difference :
(i)The clinical thermometers use mercury to 3. Explain how, the water in a beaker gets
measure the temperature, whereas, digital heated when a burner is kept below it. Draw
thermometers do not use mercury. a labelled diagram to illustrate your answer.
(ii)A digital thermometer works with cells but Answer : When a burner is kept
the clinical thermometer is more accurate below A beaker ,Due to radiation
than the digital one when its cells are weak. of heat the water just Above the Bottom
surface of the beaker gets heated and goes
8. Define conduction. Give one example up. This process continues untill
where heat is transferred by the process of whole water is heated,. This process is called
conduction. Convection.
Answer : Conduction is the transfer of heat
from the hotter part of a material to its colder
part (or from a hot material to a cold material
in contact with it) without the movement of
material as a whole.
For example : The heat from a hot liquid
makes the cup itself hot.

G. Answer the following questions in

detail.
1. Explain how, woollen clothes keep us 4. Explain how all the air in a room gets
warm during cold winter days. Discuss why, heated when a room heater kept on the floor
wearing more layers of clothing during in a corner of the room is switched on. Draw
winter keeps us warmer than wearing just a labelled diagram to illustrate your answer.
one thick piece of clothing. Answer : Convection heats up the room when
Answer : Air acts as insulator of heat. a room heater is kept on a floor in a
This layer prevents our body heat to escape in corner is switched ON. Heated air at one part
the surroundings. More layers of of the room is transfers heat by convection.
thin clothes will allow more air to get trapped This is how all the air gets evenly heated in
and as a result, we will not feel cold. the room. Once convection current of
So wearing more layers of clothing during hot air is set up, it is spread out in
winter keeps us warmer than wearing just one the room through radiations.
thick piece of clothing.

2. What is a clinical thermometer? What is

the range of a clinical thermometer? Explain
why, a clinical thermometer cannot be used
to measure high temperatures.
Answer : Clinical Thermometer : The
thermometer used for measuring the
temperature of human body is called the
clinical thermometer.
5. Describe the blowing of sea-breeze and 7. (a) What is a thermometer? Name the
land-breeze in coastal areas with the help of thermometer used by doctors and nurses to
labelled diagrams. measure the temperature of human body.
Answer : Land Breeze: Land is a bad (b) Can we use a laboratory thermometer to
conductor and a good radiator of heat. measure human body temperature? Give
Therefore, it heats quickly during the day and reason for your answer.
cools rapidly at night. During the night, since Answer : (a) Temperature is measured by
the land cools rapidly, land breeze blows from using a device (or instrument) called
the land to the oceans. thermometer.
Sea Breeze: On the contrary, water takes a Clinical thermometer is used by doctors and
longer time to get heated and loses heat nurses to measure the temperature of human
slowly during the night. The sea which is body.
cooler during the day time, gives rise to (b) A laboratory thermometer cannot
thesea breeze which blows from the sea to be used to measure the human body
the land. temperature. This is because as soon
as we take out the bulb of the laboratory
thermometer from our mouth, the level of
mercury in its tube will start falling quickly.
This will give a wrong value of the body
temperature.

8. (a) Why is the box of a solar cooker painted

black from inside?
(b) In places of hot climate, it is advised that
the outer walls of houses be painted white.
Why?
Answer : (a) Black surfaces are excellent
absorbers of radiation and helps in trapping
more heat inside a solar cooker, hence
improving the efficiency.
(b) The white reflects back most of the heat
that falls on it, so, it is advisable that the outer
walls of houses should be painted white in
6. (a) Why do people prefer to wear white winters.
clothes in summer?
(b) Why is it better to wear dark clothes in 9. What is meant by ‘convection’? Explain
winter? with the help of an example. Why is it that
Answer : (a) We wear white or light convection cannot take place in solids?
color clothes in summer because white or Answer : Convection : The transfer of heat
light color clothes having the potential to from the hotter parts of a liquid (or gas) to its
absorbing less heat and thus keeps us cool. colder parts by the movement of the liquid (or
(b) We wear dark coloured clothes in gas) itself.
winter to keep us warm as they absorb all the
heat radiation coming from the sun whereas
light coloured clothes reflect most of the heat
radiation that falls on them and therefore we
feel more comfortable wearing them in the
summer.
Convection cannot take place in solids night. During the night, since the land cools
because the particles in solids are not free to rapidly, land breeze blows from the land to
move. the oceans.
Sea Breeze: On the contrary, water takes a
10. Define radiation. Give any two examples longer time to get heated and loses heat
where heat is transferred by radiation. What slowly during the night. The sea which is
is the name of invisible heat rays which cooler during the day time, gives rise to
transfer heat by radiation? thesea breeze which blows from the sea to
Answer : Radiation : Radiation is the transfer the land.
of heat energy from a hot body to a cold body (c) Sea breeze occurs during the night time
by means of heat rays, without any material whereas land breeze occurs during the day
medium betweem them. time.
For example : (i) When we stand next to a
burning fire, we can feel the heat of the fire Application-based Questions
falling on our face. The heat is transferred A. Make your own thermometer.
from the fire to our face by the process of Take a corked transparent bottle. Remove
radiation. the cork and pour same coloured water in
(ii) When we sit in front of a room-heater, we the bottle. Make a hole in the cork so that a
get heat directly by the process of radiation. drinking straw can pass through it. Push the
The invisible heat rays which transfer heat by cork along with the straw in the bottle. Make
radiation are called infra-red rays. the cork airtight.

Picture-based Questions
1. Which mode of heat transfer is shown in
the given picture? Label it at proper place.

Place the bottle in a trough containing warm

water.
2. Observe the given pictures carefully and
answer the questions that follow. B. What do you observe? Note your
observation after each minute. List five
examples which show both conduction and
convection.
Answer : We observe that water in coloured
(a) Which picture represents a sea breeze and
bottle when in contact with warm water of
which one a land breeze?
trough gets heated up and this hot coloured
(b) Why do these different movements of
water starts rising up in the straw due to
wind occur?
thermal expansion.
(c) When do sea breeze and land breeze
occur?
C. What kind (conduction, convection or
Answer : (a) Picture (a) represents a sea
radiation) of heat transfer taking place in the
breeze whereas picture (b) represents a land
following :
breeze.
1. A snowball in your hand……………..
(b) Land Breeze: Land is a bad conductor and
2. Sun rays warming a puddle………………
a good radiator of heat. Therefore, it heats
3. Pouring cold water in your hot tea…………….
quickly during the day and cools rapidly at
4. Using an iron to curl your hair……………..
5. Baking a cake inside the oven…………….
6. Melting of butter on warm pancakes…………
Answer : 1. Conduction
2. Radiation
3. Convection
4. Conduction
5. Convection
6. Conduction

D. Aayushi puts a stainless steel spoon in a

glass of hot milk but Avika does not do so.
The milk of which glass will cool faster? Give
reasons for your answer.
Answer : Aayushi's glass of milk will turn cold
faster than the Avika's.
Reason: When a steel spoon is placed in
a glass of hot milk, the heat from
the milk molecules will transfer
from milk to spoon and eventually
the spoon get hot than the milk.