jsyos

fgUnh ek/;e

4500+
PYQs-TCS

Author
RADHIKA MA'AM
 Preface
It is with great pleasure that I present this book jsyos lkekU; foKku which
aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles
and applications of railway science. This book is crafted to serve as a valuable
resource for students,to make their learning easy with the help of all the previous
years questions asked in ALP, TECHNICIAN, NTPC (CBT 1 & CBT 2 ) RPF SI &
CONSTABLE, GROUP D And Other Railway exams.
This book has been prepared by Radhika Gupta Ma’am and her well
experienced content team keeping all the latest questions in mind. This book has
been prepared for the students who are preparing for any Railway competitive
exams . This book aims to extend the reach of our educational endeavors beyond
the digital platform.
The content within these pages is structured to cover a wide array of topics,
from the previous year questions of railway exam like ALP, TECHNICIAN, NTPC
(CBT 1 & CBT 2 ) RPF SI & CONSTABLE, GROUP D And Other Railway exams.
I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the entire Rankers Gurukul
team for their unwavering support and dedication. Special thanks go to Himanshu
Dagar for his invaluable assistance and insightful contributions, which have
significantly enriched the content of this book.
Thank you for embarking on this journey with us.
Warm regards, Radhika Gupta Ma’am
Rankers' Gurukul

About Radhika Ma'am

Radhika Gupta ma’am is a renowned Science faculty at Rankers' Gurukul and has
taught lakhs of students online and offline (9 + years of experience) many free videos
on complete science are available online with updated content and smart approach
to study science with video contents on Rankers' Gurukul YouTube Channel.
 fo"k;&lwph
tho foKku / BIOLOGY ......................................................... 1—132
S.No Chapter Name Page No.

1. tho foKku dh 'kk[kk,¡ (Branches of biology) 2—4

2. tSfod v.kq (Biomolecules) 5—19

3. Ård (Tissues) 20—28

4. ofxZdh (Taxonomy) 29—31

5. ikni txr (Plant Kingdom) 32—40

6. tUrq txr (Animal Kingdom) 41—45

7. çksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa •fut inkFkZ (Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals) 46—48

8. ekuo 'kjhj (Human Body) 49—82

9. ekuo jksx] y{k.k ,oa mipkj (Human Disease Symptom and Treatment) 83—92

10. vkuqokaf'kdh (Genetics) 93—104

11. tSo fodkl (Organic Evolution) 105—107

12. ikni vkdkfjdh (Plant Morphology) 108—111

13. ikni dkf;Zdh (Plant Physiology) 112—125

14. ikS/ksa esa tuu¡ (Reproduction in Plants) 126—128

vkfFkZd egRo ds tho ,oa ouLifr;k¡ 129—130

15.
(Fauna and Flora of Economic Importance)

16. izeq[k tSo oSKkfud@vkfo"dkj (Major Biologist/Inventions) 131—132

jlk;u foKku / CHEMISTRY ............................................ 133—301
S.No Chapter Name Page No.

1. jlk;u foKku% ,d ifjp; (Chemistry : An Introduction) 134—149

2. ijek.kq lajpuk (Atomic Structure) 150—156

3. jklk;fud ca/u@la;kstdrk (Chemical Bonding/valency) 157—161

4. vEy] {kkj ,oa yo.k (Acid, Base and Salt) 162—184

5.
/krq,a@/kfRod ;kSfxd ,oa muds vuqiz;ksx 185—216
(Metals/metallic Coumpounds and their Application)

6.
v/krq,¡ ,oa v/kfRod ;kSfxd 217—224
(Non metals & Non metallic Compounds/Applications

7. rRoksa dk vkorhZ oxhZdj.k (Periodic Classification of Elements) 225—245

8. ijek.kq ukfHkd (Atomic Nucleus) 246—249

9. xSlh; fu;e (Gaseous Law) 250—251

10. jsfM;ks,fDVork ,oa ukfHkdh; ÅtkZ (Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy) 252—253

11. vkWDlhdj.k vkSj vip;u (Oxidation and Reduction) 254—255

oS|qr vi?kVu@oS|qr jklk;fud Js.kh

12. 256—257
(Electrolysis & Electro Chemical Series)

13. dkcZfud jlk;u (Organic Chemistry) 258—271

14. jklk;fud vfHkfØ;k,¡ (Chemical Reactions) 272—284

15. cgqyd (Polymers) 285—286

16. lkcqu @ fMVtZsUV (Soap/Detergents) 287—287

17. dk¡p @ lhesaV (Glass/Cement) 288—288

18. foLiQksVd inkFkZ vkSj b±/u (Explosives Material and Fuel) 289—291

19. feJ/krq (Alloy) 292—293

20. v;Ld ,oa /krqdeZ (Ores and Metallurgy) 294—296

21. fofo/ (Miscellaneous) 297—301

HkkSfrd foKku / PHYSICS .................................................. 302—456
S.No Chapter Name Page No.

ek=kd@ekiu@ekid ;a=k
1. 303—313
(Unit /Measurement/Measuring Instrument)

2. ;kaf=kdh (Mechanics) 314—348

3. xq#Rokd"kZ.k (Gravitation) 349—357

4. fo|qr (Electricity) 358—381

5. pqEcdRo (Magnetism) 382—389

6. bysDVªkWfuDl (Electronics) 390—390

7. inkFkZ ds xq.k (Properties of Matter) 391—399

8. Å"ek (Heat) 400—408

9. èofu (Sound) 409—416

10. rjax (Wave) 417—423

11. izdk'k (Light) 424—445

12. vk/qfud HkkSfrdh (Modern Physics) 446—446

13. ukfHkdh; HkkSfrdh (Nuclear Physics) 447—449

14. vkfo"dkj (Invention) 450—451

15. fofo/ (Miscellaneous) 452—456

You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy tho foKku dh 'kk[kk,¢@Branches of Biology

Science By Radhika Ma’am 1

 izksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa [kfut inkFkZ@Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy

7
izksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa [kfut inkFkZ
Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals
1. fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk fodYi larqfyr 7. xktj esa foVkfeu A dh mPp ek=kk 14. dsyk fdl foVkfeu dk ,d vPNk
vkgkj dk ,d mnkgj.k gS\ ekStwn gksrh gSA xktj •kus ls cPps dks L=kksr gS\
(a) cxZj] fpIl] dksYM fMªad D;k enn feyrh gS\ (a) A (b) C
(b) jksVh] lfCt;ka] dksYM fMªad (a) blls cPps dh vka• dh jks'kuh csgrj gksxh (c) D (d) B
(c) jksVh] nkysa] lfCt;ka (b) blls cPps dh gfîó;k¡ etcwr gksxhA RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, Green paper

(d) pkoy] fpIl] dksYM fMªad (c) blls cPps dks dbZ chekfj;ksa ls yM+us 15. ml foVkfeu dk uke crk,a ftldh
RRB Group-D 01/09/2022 (Shift-I) esa enn feysxh deh ls elwM+ksa ls •wu cgus yxrk gS\
2. fuEu esa ls dkSu lk vius vki esa larfq yr (d) blls cPPks dks vPNh ek=kk esa mQtkZ feysxh (a) foVkfeu A (b) foVkfeu B
Hkkstu gS] vkSj fd'kksjksa ds fy, vPNk RRB Group-D 07/10/2022 (Shift-III) (c) foVkfeu K (d) foVkfeu C
ekuk tkrk gS\ 8. fuEu esa ls fdl vkgkjh ?kVd dh çfr RRB ALP & Tec. 17/08/2018 (Shift-II)
(a) nkysa (b) jksVh@pkoy xzke ek=kk] euq";ksa esa vf/dre ÅtkZ 16. csjhcsjh fdl otg ls mRiUu gksrk gS\
(c) nw/ (d) lCth çnku djrh gS\ (a) foVkfeu B1 dh vf/drk
RRB Group-D 30/09/2022 (Shift-III) (a) çksVhu (b) :{kka'k (b) foVkfeu B1 dh deh
3. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl •k| inkFkZ esa (c) dkckZ s g kbMª s V (d) olk (c) foVkfeu C dh vf/drk
vk;ju çpqj ek=kk esa ik;k tkrk gS\ RRB NTPC 14/06/2022 (Shift-I) (d) foVkfeu C dh deh
(a) pkoy (b) eD•u 9. lk;uksd ks
c kykfeu (Cyanocobalamin) ] RRB JE 23/05/2019 (Shift-IV)
(c) xqM+ (d) nw/ ____ foVkfeu dk ekuo fufeZr :i gSA 17. E 300 dk lkekU; uke crkb,A
RRB Group-D 22/08/2022 (Shift-II)
(a) B12 (b) B6
(a) foVkfeu D (b) foVkfeu C
4. buesa ls fdl Hkkstu dks ^ckWMh fcfYMax* (c) B2 (d) B1
(c) foVkfeu B (d) foVkfeu A
RRB NTPC 16/06/2022 (Shift-II)
Hkkstu dgk tkrk gS\ RRB NTPC 27/02/2021 (Shift-II)
10. fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk rRo ekuo jDr ds
(a) çksVhu ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls fd eVj 18. buesa ls dkSu&lk ty esa ?kqyu'khy
ghe@gse (heme/haem) dk Hkkx gS\
(b) olk ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls dh eD•u foVkfeu gS\
(a) eSaxuht (b) ykSg
(c) foVkfeu ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls fd lsc (a) foVkfeu D (b) foVkfeu E
(c) dksckYV (d) eSXuhf'k;e
(d) dkckZgs kbMªVs ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls fd xsgaw RRB NTPC 14/06/2022 (Shift-II) (c) foVkfeu B (d) foVkfeu A
RRB Group-D 14/09/2022 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 07/04/2021 (Shift-I)
11. ghurktU; jksxksa (deficiency diseases)
5. ADP dks ATP v.kqvksa esa HkaMkfjr ds lanHkZ esa] fjdsV~l _______ dh deh 19. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk foVkfeu
vkSj LFkkukarfjr djus dh çfØ;k esa ds dkj.k gksrk gSA olk esa foys; ugha gS\
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk •fut (a) foVkfeu C (b) foVkfeu E (a) foVkfeu K (b) foVkfeu A
egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gS\ (c) foVkfeu D (d) foVkfeu B-12 (c) foVkfeu D (d) foVkfeu C
(a) vk;ju (b) dSfY'k;e RRB NTPC 17/06/2022 (Shift-II) RRB JE 31/05/2019 (Shift-I)
(c) iQkWLiQksjl (d) lksfM;e 12. eNyh ls çkIr dkWM yhoj rsy fdl 20. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&ls foVkfeu esa
RRB Group-D 02/09/2022 (Shift-III) foVkfeu dk le`¼ L=kksr gS\ ;hLV çpqj ek=kk esa ik;k tkrk gS\
6. xHkZorh efgyk ds fy, lokZsÙke vkgkj (a) foVkfeu C (b) foVkfeu B12 (a) foVkfeu B (b) foVkfeu C
D;k gS\ (c) foVkfeu D (d) foVkfeu B1 (c) foVkfeu K (d) foVkfeu A
(a) ?kh ls Hkjiwj vkgkj RRB J.E. 14/12/2014 RRB NTPC 01/02/2021 (Shift-I)
(b) çksVhu vkSj foVkfeu ls Hkjiwj vkgkj 13. foVkfeu lh dh deh ls dkSu&lk jksx 21. ______ ds rhu lfØ; :i % jsfVuy]
(c) vkgkj fo'ks"kK }kjk fu/kZfjr fo'ks"k vkgkj gksrk gS\ jsfVukWy vkSj jsfVuksbd ,flM gksrs gSA
(d) mPp dSyksjh vkgkj esa vk;ju lIyhesaV (a) fjdsV~l (b) csjhcsjh (a) foVkfeu B (b) foVkfeu A
'kkfey djuk (c) LdohZ (d) ukbV CykbaMusl (c) foVkfeu D (d) foVkfeu C
RRB Group-D 29/09/2022 (Shift-I) RRB J.E.14/12/2014, Green paper RRB NTPC 22/02/2021 (Shift-I)

46 Science By Radhika Ma’am

You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy izksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa [kfut inkFkZ@Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals

22. esxkyksCykfLVd ,uhfe;k fdl foVkfeu 30. foVkfeu B1 dks __________ Hkh dgk 39. isykxzk ___ dh deh ds dkj.k gksrk gSA
dh deh ds dkj.k gksrk gS\ tkrk gSA (a) jkbcksÝysfou (b) ,LdkWfcZd
(a) foVkfeu B2 (b) foVkfeu C (a) Fkk;feu (c) iQksfyd ,flM (d) fu;kflu
(c) foVkfeu B9 (d) foVkfeu A (b) ,LdkWfcZd ,flM RRB JE 28/05/2019 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 15/02/2021 (Shift-I) (c) ck;ksfVu 40. foVkfeu K, çkÑfrd :i ls _____ esa
23. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk 'kjhj esa (d) fu;kflu ik, tkus okys thok.kqvksa }kjk fufeZr
Xykbdkstu ds :i esa laxzfgr gksrk gS\  RRB JE 01/06/2019 (Shift-I) gksrk gSA
(a) dkckZsgkbMªsV~l (b) çksVhu 31. foVkfeu C dks ____ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA (a) vXU;k'k; (b) xqnkZ
(c) fyfiM (d) foVkfeu (a) ,flfVd ,flM (c) ân; (d) vkar
RRB NTPC 05/04/2021 (Shift-II) (b) ,LdkW f cZ d ,flM RRB JE 28/05/2019 (Shift-I)
24. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdldh deh ls (c) jkbcksÝysfou 41. jkbcksÝysfou D;k gS\
o.kkZa/rk vkSj detksj n`f"V dh leL;k (d) iQksfyd ,flM (a) ,aVhck;ksfVd (b) jatd inkFkZ
 RRB JE 27/06/2019 (Shift-II) (c) foVkfeu (d) foVkfeu
mRiUu gksrh gS\
32. __________ esa foVkfeu Mh lcls  RRB JE 27/05/2019 (Shift-I)
(a) dSfY'k;e (b) foVkfeu A
T;knk gksrk gSµ
(c) foVkfeu K (d) foVkfeu C
(a) fcukSyk (dkWVu lhM) dk rsy ANSWER KEY
 RRB NTPC 02/02/2021 (Shift-I)
(b) tSrwu dk rsy
25. dkSu&lk foVkfeu 'kjhj esa dSfY'k;e ds 1.(c) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(a) 5.(c) 6.(c)
(c) dkWM fyoj rsy (eNyh dk rsy) 7.(a) 8.(d) 9.(a) 10.(b) 11.(c) 12.(c)
vo'kks"k.k dks c<+krk gS\
(a) A (b) D (d) lw j teq • h dk rs y 13.(c) 14.(d) 15.(d) 16.(b) 17.(b) 18.(c)
 RRB NTPC 30/03/2016 (Shift-I) 19.(d) 20.(a) 21.(b) 22.(c) 23.(c) 24.(b)
(c) B (d) B6 25.(b) 26.(a) 27.(a) 28.(b) 29.(d) 30.(a)
33. eNyh ds yhoj vkW;y esa ______ çpqj
RRB JE 31/05/2019 (Shift-III) 31.(b) 32.(c) 33.(b) 34.(d) 35.(a) 36.(a)
ek=kk esa gksrk gSA
26. fuEu esa ls dkSu&lk ftad dk mPpre 37.(a) 38.(a) 39.(d) 40.(d) 41.(c)
(a) foVkfeu A
lzksr gS\
(b) nksuksa foVkfeu A vkSj foVkfeu D
(a) v"VHkqt (b) cSaxu Answer with Explanation
(c) foVkfeu E
(c) ewyh (d) nw/ 1.(c) jksVh] nkysa] lfCt;ka
(d) foVkfeu D
 RRB NTPC 07/04/2016 (Shift-I)
RRB JE 28/05/2019 (Shift-III) jksVh] nkyas] lfCt;ka larqfyr vkgkj dk
27. uhps ,d vfHkdFku (A) vkSj dkj.k 34. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk ,d dSfYl;e ,d mnkgj.k gSA
(R) fn;k x;k vfHkdFku (A) : csjh&csjh dk le`¼ lzksr ugha gS\ 2.(c) nw/
,d fo"kk.kqtfur laØe.k gSA dkj.k (a) iuhj (b) dksykMZ xzhUl
(R)% foVkfeu dh deh chekfj;ksa dk
fd'kksjkas osQ fy, nw/ ,d vPNk vkSj
(c) vathj (d) xktj
dkj.k curh gSaA larqfyr Hkkstu ekuk tkrk gSA
 RRB NTPC 02/04/2016 (Shift-III)
lgh fodYi pqusaµ 35. dksckYV fdl foVkfeu esa ik;k tkrk gS\ 3.(c) xqM+
(a) A xyr gS ysfdu R lgh gS (a) foVkfeu B12 (b) foVkfeu B5 xqM+ eas vk;ju izpjq ek=kk eas ik;k tkrk gSA
(b) A lgh gS ysfdu R xyr gSA (c) foVkfeu B3 (d) foVkfeu B1 4.(a) izkVs hu ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls fd eVj
(c) A vkSj R nksuksa xyr gSaA  RRB NTPC 15/03/2021 (Shift-I) izksVhu ls Hkjiwj Hkkstu] tSls fd eVj]
(d) A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa vkSj R, A 36. fu;kflu ______ dk ,d :i gSA
^ckWMh fcfYMax* Hkkstu dgykrk gSA
(a) foVkfeu B3 (b) foVkfeu B4
dh mfpr O;k[;k gSA 5.(c) iQkWLiQksjl
 RRB NTPC 12/04/2016 (Shift-III) (c) foVkfeu B1 (d) foVkfeu B2
 RRB JE 27/05/2019 (Shift-III) ADP dks ATP v.kqvksa eas HkaMkfjr
28. fuEufyf•r esa ls foVkfeu A dk vkSj LFkkukarfjr djus dh izfozQ;k eas
37. lkekU; tqdke ds bykt ds fy, fdl
vPNk lzksr D;k gS\
foVkfeu dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS\ iQkWLiQksjl egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA
(a) iÙkk xksHkh (b) xktj
(a) foVkfeu D (b) foVkfeu A 6.(c) vkgkj fo'ks"kK }kjk fu/kZfjr fo'ks"k
(c) vkyw (a) LVªkWcsjh
(c) foVkfeu C (d) foVkfeu B vkgkj
 RRB NTPC 16/04/2016 (Shift-III)
RRB JE 26/05/2019 (Shift-I)
29. •V~Vs iQyksa dk ,d le`¼ lzksr ekuk xHkZorh efgyk osQ fy, loksZÙke vkgkj
38. fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSu&lk vk;ju dk
tkrk gSA mldh O;fDrxr vko';drkvkas vkSj
lcls izpqj lzksr gSA
(a) foVkfeu A (b) foVkfeu D (a) gjh lfCt;ka (b) iQfy;ka
MkWDVj }kjk nh xbZ lykg osQ vuqlkj
(c) foVkfeu B (d) foVkfeu C (c) vaMs (d) nw/ vkgkj fo'ks"kK }kjk fu/kZfjr fd;k tkuk
 RRB JE 27/05/2019 (Shift-I)  RRB JE 26/05/2019 (Shift-I) pkfg,A
Science By Radhika Ma’am 47
 izksVhu] foVkfeu ,oa [kfut inkFkZ@Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy
7.(a) blls cPps dh vka[k dh jks'kuh LoLFk Ropk vkSj dksf'kdk foHkktu osQ osQ :i esa dk;Z djrk gS vkSj dksystu
csgrj gksxhA fy, vko';d gSA mRiknu esa enn djrk gSA
xktj esa foVkfeu A izpqj ek=kk eas ik;k 22.(c) foVkfeu B9 32.(c) dkWM fyoj rsy (eNyh dk rsy)
tkrk gS] tks vka[kkas dh jks'kuh osQ fy, esxkyksCykfLVd ,uhfe;k foVkfeu B9 dkWM fyoj rsy foVkfeu D dk lcls
egÙoiw.kZ gSA (iQksfyd ,flM) dh deh osQ dkj.k le`¼ izko`Qfrd Ïksrksa eas ls ,d gSA
8.(d) olk gksrk gSA ;g yky jDr dksf'kdkvkas osQ foVkfeu D gfM~M;kas osQ LokLFk vkSj
izfr xzke olk lcls vf/d mQtkZ iznku mRiknu dks izHkkfor djrk gS] ftlls izfrj{kk iz.kkyh osQ dk;Z osQ fy,
djrk gS (9 oSQyksjh izfr xzke)A Fkdku vkSj detksjh gks ldrh gSA egÙoiw.kZ gSA
9.(a) B12 23.(c) fyfiM 33.(b) nksuksa foVkfeu A vkSj foVkfeu D
lk;uksdksckykfeu (Cyanocobalamin) Xykbdkstu ftxj vkSj ekalisf'k;ksa eas eNyh osQ yhoj vkW;y eas foVkfeu A
foVkfeu B12 dk ekuo fufeZr :i gSA fyfiM osQ :i esa laxzfgr gksrk gSA vkSj foVkfeu D nksukas izpjq ek=kk eas gksrs gSAa
10.(b) ykSg fyfiM 'kjhj osQ fy, mQtkZ dk eq[; 34.(d) xktj
ghe (heme/haem) esa ykSg (iron) Ïksr gkssrs gSaA xktj oSQfY'k;e dk vPNk Ïksr ugha
rRo gksrk gSA 24.(b) foVkfeu A gS] gkykafd ;g vU; iks"kd rRoksa tSls
11.(c) foVkfeu D foVkfeu A dh deh ls jkr dh foVkfeu A vkSj iQkbcj ls Hkjiwj gksrk gSA
fjosQV~l foVkfeu D dh deh osQ dkj.k va/kiu] o.kkZ/rk esa deh vkSj detksj 35.(a) foVkfeu B12
gksrk gSA n`f"V dh leL;k gks ldrh gSA foVkfeu B12 eas dksckYV ik;k tkrk
12.(c) foVkfeu D 25.(b) D gSA ;g yky jDr dksf'kdkvkas osQ fuekZ.k
eNyh ls izkIr dkWM yhoj rsy foVkfeu foVkfeu D vkarkas eas oSQfY'k;e osQ vkSj raf=kdk ra=k osQ dk;Z osQ fy,
D dk le`¼ Ïksr gSA vo'kks"k.k dks c<+krk gS] tks gfM~M;ksa vko';d gSA
13.(c) LdohZ vkSj nkarkas osQ fy, vko';d gSA 36.(a) foVkfeu B3
foVkfeu C dh deh ls LdohZ jksx 26.(a) v"VHkqt fu;kflu foVkfeu B3 dk ,d :i
gksrk gSA v"VHkqt ftad dk mPpre Ïksrkas esa gSA ;g mQtkZ p;kip; vkSj Ropk osQ
14.(d) B ls ,d gSA ftad izfrj{kk iz.kkyh osQ LokLFk eas egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA
osQyk foVkfeu B6 dk ,d vPNk Ïksr gSA dk;Z] ?kko Hkjus vkSj LoLFk Lokn osQ 37.(a) foVkfeu C
15.(d) foVkfeu C fy, egÙoiw.kZ gSA lkekU; tqdke osQ bykt osQ fy,
foVkfeu C dh deh ls vR;f/d [kwu 27.(a) A xyr gS ysfdu R lgh gS foVkfeu C dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
cgus yxrk gSA csjh&csjh foVkfeu B1 dh deh osQ ;g izfrj{kk iz.kkyh dks etcwr djrk gS
16.(b) foVkfeu B1 dh deh dkj.k gksrk gS] u fd ok;jl osQ dkj.kA vkSj laozQe.k ls yM+us esa enn djrk gSA
csjhcsjh foVkfeu B1 dh deh osQ foVkfeu dh deh fofHkUu chekfj;ksa dk 38.(a) gjh lfCt;ka
dkj.k gksrk gSA dkj.k cu ldrh gSA gjh lfCt;ka vk;ju dk lcls izpqj
17.(b) foVkfeu C 28.(b) xktj Ïksr gSaA vk;ju yky jDr dksf'kdkvkas
E 300 dk lkekU; uke foVkfeu C gSA xktj chVk&oSQjksVhu dk ,d vPNk eas vkWDlhtu osQ ifjogu osQ fy,
18.(c) foVkfeu B Ïksr gS] tks 'kjhj eas foVkfeu A eas vko';d gSA
foVkfeu B ty eas ?kqyu'khy foVkfeu gSA ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA 39.(d) fu;kflu
19.(d) foVkfeu&C 29.(d) foVkfeu C isykxzk fu;kflu dh deh osQ dkj.k
foVkfeu&C olk eas foys; ugha gSA [kV~Vs iQy foVkfeu C dk le`¼ Ïksr gksrk gSA y{k.kksa eas Ropk dk pdÙks]
20.(a) foVkfeu B gks rs gSaA foVkfeu C jksx izfrjks/d Fkdku vkSj nLr 'kkfey gSaA
;hLV foVkfeu B1, B2, B3 vkSj B6 {kerk dks c<+krk gS vkSj mQrd fuekZ.k 40.(d) vkar
lfgr dbZ izdkj osQ B foVkfeu dk eas enn djrk gSA foVkfeu K] izko`Qfrd :i ls vkar eas
le`¼ Ïksr gSA ;s foVkfeu 'kjhj osQ 30.(a) Fkk;feu ekStwn thok.kqvksa }kjk fufeZr gksrk gSA
mQtkZ mRiknu] raf=kdk ra=k osQ dk;Z vkSj foVkfeu B1 dks Fkk;feu Hkh dgk ;g jDr osQ FkDosQ teus esa egÙoiw.kZ
p;kip; esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA tkrk gSA ;g raf=kdk ra=k osQ dk;Z vkSj Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA
21.(b) foVkfeu A mQtkZ mRiknu eas egÙoiw.kZ gSA 41.(c) foVkfeu
foVkfeu A osQ rhu lfozQ; :i jsfVuy] 31.(b) ,LdkWfcZd ,flM jkbcksÝysfou ,d foVkfeu gS tks
jsfVukWy vkSj jsfVuksbd ,flM gksrs gSaA ;s foVkfeu C dks ,LdkWfcZd ,flM Hkh mQtkZ mRiknu vkSj dksf'kdk fodkl esa
vka[kksa osQ izdk'k osQ izfr laosnu'khyrk] dgk tkrk gSA ;g ,d ,aVhvkWDlhMsaV egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA
48 Science By Radhika Ma’am
 v;Ld ,oa /kkrqdeZ@(Ores and Metallurgy) You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy

v;Ld ,oa /kkrqdeZ

20 Ores and Metallurgy
1. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk ,Y;wfefu;e 9. vkWDlhtu dh mifLFkfr esa v;Ldksa dks 16. fuEu es ls dkSu lk ysM dk v;Ld
dk v;Ld gS\ xeZ djus dh fØ;k dks ______ dgk (lead ore) gS\
(a) eksustkbV (b) gsesVkbV tkrk gSA (a) ik;jksY;wlkbV (b) ckWDlkbV
(c) flMsjkbV (d) ckWDlkbV (a) fuLrkiu (b) fu"d"kZ.k (c) xSfyuk (d) fyeksukbV
 RRB Group-D 24/08/2022 (Shift-I) (c) HktZu (d) la{kkj.k  RRB NTPC 15/03/2021 (Shift-II)
2. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk •fut dk  RRB Group-D 06/12/2018 (Shift-II) 17. buesa ls dkSu lk ,d rkez v;Ld gS\
v/kfRod :i gS\ 10. iQsu Iyou fof/ esa] v;Ld ds pw.kZ dks (a) gsekVkbV (b) eSXusVkbV
(a) ckWDlkbV (b) vHkzd ______ ds feJ.k ls Hkjh ,d Vadh esa (c) eSdkykbV (d) ØksekbV
(c) pkanh (d) ysM j•k tkrk gSA  RRB NTPC 27/02/2021 (Shift-II)
 RRB Group-D 24/08/2022 (Shift-I) (a) ty vkSj ,Y;qfefu;e 18. eLdksokbV (Muscovite)] isXekVkbV
3. eSykdkbM] ______ dk ,d v;Ld gSA (b) ty ,oa phM+ dk rsy (pegmatite) vkSj ck;ksVkbV (biotite)
(a) rkack (b) eaSxuht (c) rkack vkSj ty buesa ls fdlds v;Ld gSa\
(c) eSXuhf'k;e (d) ikjk (a) rkack (b) tLrk
(d) ty vkSj ouLifr rsy
 RRB JE 22/05/2019 (Shift-IV)
 RRB Group-D 12/11/2018 (Shift-III) (c) vHkzd (d) yksgk
4. buesa ls dkSu&lk rkacs dk eq[; v;Ld gS\
11. iQsu Iyou fof/ dk mi;ksx ________  RRB NTPC 30/01/2021 (Shift-I)
(a) lkbMjkbV (b) pYdkWikbjkbV
v;Ld ds lkaæhdj.k ds fy, fd;k 19. lYiQkbM ds v;Ldksa dks vfrfjDr ok;q
(c) MksyksekbV (d) MksyksekbV dh mifLFkfr esa vR;f/d xeZ djds
tkrk gSA
 RRB JE 31/05/2019 (Shift-III)
(a) ikjk (b) lksfM;e vkWDlkbM esa ifjofrZr fd;k tkrk gSA
5. /krq dsoy fo|qr fo?kVu }kjk fudkyk
(c) lYiQkbM (d) dkWij ;g çfØ;k&
tkrk gSA
 RRB Group-D 05/11/2018 (Shift-II) (a) Toyu (b) çToyu
(a) Al (b) Zn
(c) Fe (d) Cu 12. /krq d eZ ,d çfØ;k gS & (c) rkiu (d) HktZu
(a) yks g s es a ta x yxus dh  RRB NTPC 18/01/2021 (Shift-II)
 RRB Group-D 28/09/2018 (Shift-III)
6. /kjk çokfgr djus ds fy, mi;ksx (b) v;Ldksa ds xSYouhdj.k dh
fd;k tkus okys rjy dks dgk tkrk gSA (c) v;Ld ls /krqvksa dks fudkyus dh ANSWER KEY
(a) fuyacu (d) ruqdj.k dh 1.(d) 2.(b) 3.(a) 4.(d) 5.(a) 6.(d)
(b) xSj&bysDVªksykbV  RRB Group-D 24/09/2018 (Shift-I)
7.(a) 8.(a) 9.(c) 10.(b) 11.(c) 12.(c)
(c) ik;lu 13. ______ ikjs dk ,d v;Ld gSµ
13.(c) 14.(b) 15.(b) 16.(c) 17.(c) 18.(c)
(d) bysDVªksykbV (a) ghesVkbV (b) eSXusVkbV
19.(d)
 RRB Group-D 25/09/2018 (Shift-III) (c) flusckj (d) ckWDlkbV
7. xSysuk fdldk v;Ld gS\  RRB Group-D 25/09/2018 (Shift-I)
14. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk Fkksfj;e dk
Answer with Explanation
(a) lhlk (b) rkack
(c) ,syqfefu;e (d) yksgk ,d v;Ld gS\ 1-(d) ckWDlkbV
 RRB J.E. 2014 14/12/2014 (a) fipCysaM (b) eksuktkbV ,Y;qfefu;e osQ v;Ld gSaµozQk;ksykbV]
8. /krqvksa ds vkWDlkbM tSlh v'kq¼rk;qDr (c) dkuksZVkbV (d) VkWjcukZbV dksjaMe] Mk;Liksj] ,Y;qukbV] isQYliQj
/krqvksa ds 'kqf¼dj.k ds fy, dkSu lh  RRB NTPC 17/02/2021 (Shift-II)
ckWDlkbV bR;kfnA
çfØ;k ç;qDr dh tkrh gS\ 15. i`Foh dh ijr esa LokHkkfod :i ls gksus
(a) iksfyax okys vdkcZfud rRo ;k ;kSfxdksa dks ckWDlkbV ls ,Y;qehfu;e fu"d"kZ.k
(b) gkbMªks /krq foKku dgk tkrk gS% dh izfozQ;kµ
(c) pqacdh; i`FkDdj.k (a) /krq (b) [kfut inkFkZ l ckWDlkbV v;Ld dk 'kqf¼dj.k]

(d) bysDVªks fjiQkbfuax (c) v;Ld (d) iQyDl vFkkZr isQfjd vkWDlkbM vkSj flfydk
 RRB Group-D 26/10/2018 (Shift-II)  RRB NTPC 16/11/2018 (Shift-II) dk mUewyu djosQ
294 Science By Radhika Ma’am
You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy v;Ld ,oa /kkrqdeZ@(Ores and Metallurgy)

l ckWDlkbV dks ,Y;qfefu;e vkWDlkbM l fo|qr vi?kV~; osQ foy;u eas fo|qr yo.k rFkk gkbMªkDW lkbM esa cnyus
osQ fy, 'kq¼ djuk /kjk izokfgr djus ij foy;u dk dh izfozQ;k dks la{kkj.k dgrs gSaA
l bysDVªksfyfll }kjk ,Y;qehfu;e dk vius ?kVd rRoksa esa VwV tkuk fo|qr la{kkj.k ls /krqvksa esa deh gksrh
fu"d"kZ.k djuk vi?kV~; dgykrk gS fo|qr vi?kV~; gS yksgs esa gksus okys laj{k.k dks
2-(b) vHkzd }kjk v'kq¼ v;Ldksa ls vU; /krqvksa yksgs esa tax yxuk dgrs gSaA
l v/kfRod [kfut ewy :i ls Cu, Ag, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr dk 10-(b) ty ,oa phM+ dk rsy
dkcZfud gksrs gSa buesa /krq,¡ ugah Hkh fu"d"kZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA 11-(c) lYiQkbM
ikbZ tkrh gaS tSlµs pwuk iRFkj ftIle] 6-(d) bysDVªksykbV l vkil esa feys nks /krqvksa osQ
vHkzd iksVk'k] cksjku] lYiQj l /kjk izokfgr djus osQ fy, mi;ksx lYiQkbM v;Ldksa dks vyx djus
l mi;ksxµdksfVaXl vkSj bUlqys'ku fd, tkus okys rjy dks bysDVªkys kbV osQ fy, isQu Iyou fof/ viuk;h
lkexzh@vpkyd lkexzh cukus esa dgrs gSaA tkrh gS mnkgj.k osQ fy, v;Ld
l ik;lu nks ;k nks ls vf/d vfeJ.kh; esa ;fn lYiQkbM nksuksa mifLFkr gksa]
rjy inkFkks± ls cus feJ.k dks ftlesa lksfM;e lk;ukbM osQ feyus
ik;lu dgrs gSa] ik;lu dh ls lksfM;e lk;ukbM ftad lYiQkbM
izfozQ;k dks ik;lhdj.k dgrs gSaA osQ fy, voued dk dk;Z djrk
l fuyacu ,d rjy inkFkZ dk fo"ke gS rFkk ysM lYiQkbM isQu osQ :i
gS ftlesa Bksl .k gksrs gSa tks mQij esa vk tkrk gSA
volknu osQ fy, i;kZIr :i ls 12-(c) v;Ld ls /krqvksa dks fudkyus dh
fp=k cM+s gksrs gSaA l /krqvksa osQ v;Ldksa ls 'kq¼ /krq
3-(a) rkack 7-(a) lhlk fudkyus dh izfozQ;k dks /krqdeZ
l eSykdkbV (Cu2CO3(OH)2) rkacs l xSysuk (ysM lYiQkbM)] lhlk dk dgk tkrk gS
dk ,d v;Ld gS] ;g ,d dkWij v;Ld gS] bls ysM Xykal osQ uke l xSYouhdj.k ;k xSYoukbftax yksgs
dkcksZusV gkbMªkWDlkbM [kfut gSA ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA vFkok LVhy dks tax ls cpkus dh
l rkack osQ vU; izeq[k v;Ld fuEu l rkack osQ v;Ld gSµdkWij ik;jkbV ,d izfozQ;k gS] ftlesa yksgs ;k
gSaµrkack XykUl (Cu2S)] dkWij ik;jkbV (CuFeS2)] D;qizkbV (Cu2O) LVhy osQ mQij fi?kys gq, tLrs
(CuFeS2)] D;qizkbV (Cu2O) l ,Y;qfefu;e osQ v;Ld gSaµ dh ijr p<+k nh tkrh gS
l rkacs dk v;Ld osQ vkWDlkbM i`Foh ozQk;ksykbV] dksjaMe] Mk;Liksj] l /krq deZ eas eq[; :i ls fuEu
osQ lrg ij Hkh vf/d ek=k esa isQYliQj] ckWDlkbV bR;kfn pj.k 'kkfey gSaµ
ik, tkrs gS] ijUrq budk fu"d"kZ.k l yksgs dk v;LdµghesVkbV vkSj 1- v;Ldksa dk le`f¼dj.k
,d tfVy izfozQ;k gSA eSXusVkbV 2- /krqvksa osQ fu"d"kZ.k dh izfozQ;k
4-(d) MksyksekbV 8-(a) iksfyax 3- HktZu vFkok fuLrkiu dh izfozQ;k
l pkYdks ikbjkbV] dkWij vk;ju l iksfyaxµfof/ dk mi;ksx ,slh 4- /krqvksa dk ifj"dj.k
lYiQkbM (CuFeS2) dk lYiQkbM v'kqf¼ dks vyx djus osQ fy, fd;k 13-(c) flusckj
[kfut gS] ;g rkacs dk lcls tkrk gS tks vklkuh ls vkDlho`Qr l eSXusVkbV ,d yksg v;Ld gS
egÙoiw.kZ v;Ld gSA gks tkrh gSA tSlsµdkWij vkDlkbM ftlesa yksgk vkWdlkbM osQ :i esa
l lhMsjkbV (FeCO3) vk;ju dk rFkk fVu vkWDlkbMA ik;k tkrk gSA
v;Ld gS 9-(c) HktZu l gsesVkbV ,d yksg v;Ld gS ftlesa
l MksyksekbV (MgCO3.CaCO3) l ok;q vFkok vkWDlhtu dh vuqifLFkfr isQfjd vkWDlkbM gksrk gSA
eSXuhfl;e dk v;Ld gS eas mPp rki rd xje djus dh izfozQ;k l flusckj ikjs dk lYiQkbM v;Ld gSA
5-(a) Al fuLrkiu dgykrh gSA l ckWdlkbV vY;qfefu;e dk v;Ld gSA
l vR;f/d fozQ;k'khy vkSj vR;f/d l v;Ldksa dks mlosQ xyukad ls uhps 14-(b) eksuktkbV
fo|qr /ukRed izo`Qfr osQ /krqvksa ok;q dh mifLFkfr esa xeZ djus l eksuktkbV Fkksfj;e dk ,d v;Ld
dk fu"d"kZ.k osQoy fo|qr vi?kVuh dh izfozQ;k HktZu dgykrh gSA gS] Fkksfj;e dk mi;ksx osfYMax jksM
fof/ ls gh fd;k tkrk gS] budk l tS lsµS + O2 → SO2 cukus esa VsysLdksi rFkk oSQejs osQ
fu"d"kZ.k jkl;fud vip;u }kjk l /krq vkSj rFkk feJ /krqvksa dks ysal cukus esa] ,s;jksLizsl vkfn esa
ugha fd;k tkrk ldrk gSA eq[; :i ls muosQ vkWDlkbM tyh; fd;k tkrk gSA
Science By Radhika Ma’am 295
 v;Ld ,oa /kkrqdeZ@(Ores and Metallurgy) You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy
l fiap CysaM ;wjsfu;e vk v;Ld gS] l ftu [kfutksa ls /krqvksa dk fu"d"kZ.k dkij ik;jkbV CuFeS2 oSQydlkbV
;wjsfu;e ,d jsfM;ks,fDVo rRo gS vklkuh ls o de [kpsZ eas gks tkrk Cu2S gSA
ftldk mi;ksx ijek.kq ce cukus gS v;Ld dgykrs gSaA l gsesVkbV eSXusVkbV yksg v;Ld gSA

esa fd;k tkrk gSA l ÝyDl ,d jklk;fud inkFkZ gS l ozQksekbV ozQksfe;e /krq dk eq[;

l dkuZykbV eSXuhf'k;e dk ,d ftldk mi;ksx v'kqf¼ dks nwj v;Ld gSA

v;Ld gSA djus os Q fy, fd;k tkrk gS A oq Q N 18-(c) vHkz d
l VkWjcukZbV dks pSydksykbV Hkh dgrs
iz e q [ k ÝyDl os Q mnkgj.kµiks V k'k] l eLdksokbV vHkzd dk v;Ld gS

gSa] ;g dkWij dk v;Ld gSA cksjsDl] dksd] pkjdksy] vkfn gSA ftl bflaxXykl ;k iksVk'k vHkzd
15-(b) [kfut inkFkZ 16-(c) xSfyuk osQ uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA
l jktLFkku jkT; Hkkjr eas 'kh'ks dk l vHkzd dk eq[; mi;ksx fo|qr esa
l [kfut fozQLVy osQ :i esa rFkk
lcls cM+k mRiknd jkT; gS] jktLFkku gksrk gSA
Bksl gksrs gSaA
esa oqQy mRikfnr 'kh'ks dk 92 19-(d) HktZu
l [kfutksa osQ vè;;u dks mineralogy
izfr'kr mRiknu vosQys gksrk gSA l HktZu (Rosting) dh izfozQ;k esa
dgrs gSaA
l Hkkjr 'kh'ks dk vk;kr vkLVªsfy;k] lYiQj rFkk vklsZfud tSls v'kqf¼;k¡
l /krq,¡µ
E;kaekj rFkk dukMk ls Hkh djrk gSA vkWDlkbM osQ :i esa vyx gks
1- /krqvksa dk 'kq¼ :i pednkj l ik;jksY;wlkbV ,d eSaxuht v;Ld
gksrk gSA tkrh gS] HktZu og izfozQ;k gS ftlesa
gS ftlesa MkbvkWDlkbM gksrk gSA
2- /krq,¡ vk?kkro/Zuh; gksrh gSa v;Ld dks ok;q dh mifLFkfr esa
l ckWDlkbV vY;qfefu;e dk v;Ld gSA
bUgsa ihVdj pknj cuk;k tk blosQ xyuka ls uhps xeZ fd;k
l fyeksukbV ykSg v;Ld gSA
ldrk gSA 17-(c) eSdkykbV tkrk gSA
3- /krqvksa eas rU;rk dk xq.k ik;k l bl izfozQ;k eas ueh ;qDr ok"i'khy
l rkacs dk v;Ld vtqjkbV Cu3
tkrk gSA (CO3)2(OH)2 D;wizkbV Cu2O v'kqf¼;k¡ xSl osQ :i esa vyx gks
4- /krq,¡ vfHkfozQ;k'khy gksrh gSaA eSysdkbV Cu(CO3)2.Cu(OH)2 tkrh gSA
qqq

296 Science By Radhika Ma’am

 mG"ek@Heat You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy

mG"ek
8 Heat
(i) rki rFkk rki&ekiu (Temperature Øk;kstsfud (Cryogenic)
9. _______ 16. ,d ,Ydksgy dk DoFkukad 78° C gSA
& Measurement of Temperature) dks n'kkZrk gSA dsfYou ij rkieku fdruk gksxk\
(a) de rkieku (b) mPp rkieku (a) 78K (b) 341 K
1. yxHkx _________ dsfYou ij ty dk
(c) de ncko (d) mPp ncko (c) 373K (d) 351K
?kuRo lcls vf/d gksrk gSA  RRB ALP & Tec. 09/08/18 (Shift-III)
(a) 273 (b) 227 10. yxHkx fdl rkieku ij ikuh dk
17. lsfYl;l ls dsfYou iSekus ij rkieku
(c) 277 (d) 0 ?kuRo vf/dre gksxk\
 RRB NTPC 16/06/2022 (Shift-I) dks cnyus ds fy, vkidks fuEu esa ls
(a) 0°C (b) 4°C
2. 37°C rkieku yxHkx ______ ds D;k djuk gksxk%
(c) 39°C (d) 100°C
cjkcj gksrk gSA  RRB NTPC 28/04/2016 (Shift-I) (a) fn, x, rkieku dks 273 ls xq.kk djsa
(a) 100.4°F (b) 99.4°F 11. dsfYou iSekus dk ekud d{kh; rkieku (b) fn, x, rkieku esa 273 tksM+s
(c) 97.4°F (d) 98.6°F fdruk gksrk gS\ (c) fn, x, rkieku dks 273 ls foHkkftr
 RRB NTPC 13/06/2022 (Shift-I) djsa
(a) 98 K (b) 198 K
3. 'kwU; fMxzh lsVhxzsM (centigrade) (c) 273 K (d) 373 K (d) fn, x, rkieku esa ls 273 ?kVk,a
fdrus fMxzh iQkjsugkbV (Fahrenheit)  RRB ALP & Tec. 21/08/18 (Shift-III)  RRB Group-D – 19/09/2018 (Shift-II)
ds cjkcj gksrk gS\ 12. 372°C dks dsfYou iSekus esa ifjofrZr 18. ml rkieku dk eku fdruk gksrk gS tks
(a) 100°F (b) 30°F djsa& ekuo 'kjhj esa lkekU; ekuk tkrk gS\
(c) 34°F (d) 32°F (a) 846 K (b) 645k (a) 95 fMxzh F (b) 97 fMxzh F
 RRB NTPC 03/04/2016 (Shift-I)
(c) 546K (d) 646K (c) 98.6 fMxzh F (d) 96.8 fMxzh F
4. 12°C ij ty dh HkkSfrd voLFkk D;k
RRB JE (Elect.) 19/09/2019 (Shift-III)  RRB NTPC27/04/2016 (Shift-I)
gksrh gS\ 13. lsV
a hxzM
s ] tks rkieku ds eki dk ;wfuV 19. ls f Yl;l vkSj dsfYou rkieku ds chp
(a) xSl (b) Bksl
gS] fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ij ukfer gS\ D;k laca/ gS\
(c) æo (d) vk;fud (a) 37°C = 273 K
(a) dsfYou
 RRB NTPC 03/03/2021 (Shift-II) (b) 0°C = 273 K
5. –200° lsfYl;l = ____ iQkjsugkbV (b) thu&ih;j&fØfLVu
(c) 98.6°C = 273 K
(a) 73° (b) – 328° (c) ekVZsu LVªksej
(d) 0 K = 273°C
(c) – 392° (d) –73° (d) ,UMlZ lsfYl;l  RRB Group-D – 01/11/2018 (Shift-II)
 RRB ALP (Stage-II) 21/01/2021  RRB NTPC 16/04/2016 (Shift-I)
20. fuEu esa ls dkSu rkieku dk ek=kd
6. ikuh dk fgekad fcUnq ______ gSµ 14. lsfYl;l ,oa iQkWjsugkbZV Ldsyksa ij
(a) 40°F (b) 42°F ugha gS\
fdl rkieku ij ,d leku iBu
(c) 34°F (d) 32°F (a) iQkjsugkbV (b) ikLdy
 RRB NTPC 19/04/2016 (Shift-III)
n'kkZ;sxk\
(a) 100° (b) 0° (c) lsfYl;l (d) dsfYou
7. – 273.15°C rkieku buesa ls fdlds  RRB Group-D – 31/10/2018 (Shift-I)
(c) –40° (d) 40°
cjkcj gS\  RRB J.E. 2014, 14/12/2014 R.P. 21. fdl rkieku ij ikuh] rjy ,oa Bksl
(a) 0 K 770 (b) 100 K nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa fo|eku gks ldrk gS\
15. rki] 'kwU; fujis{k (absolute zero)
(c) 173 K (d) 23 K (a) 100°C (b) 0°C
 RRB NTPC 1503/2021 (Shift-II) ds eku ij igq¡prk gSA
(c) –1°C (d) –100°C
8. ^ije 'kwU;* _____ rki dks n'kkZrk gSµ (a) –273K ds rkieku ij RRB Group-D – 29/10/2018(Shift-III)
(a) 'kwU; ls 273°C de (b) fuokZr dh fLFkfr esa 22. dsfYou iSekus ij ikuh dk fgekad
(b) 'kwU; ls 295°C de (c) i`Foh ds dsUæ ij D;k gS\
(c) 'kwU; ls 300°C de (d) tc ra=k dh vkf.od xfr 'kwU; gks (a) 173.15 K (b) 373.15 K
(d) 'kwU; ls 255°Cde tkrh gS (c) 473.15 K (d) 273.15 K
RRB NTPC 22/04/2016 (Shift-I)  RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, G.P.  RRB NTPC 30/12/2020 ( Shift-II)

400 Science By Radhika Ma’am

You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy mG"ek@Heat

23. ciQZ dk xyukad fcanq gS% 29. æo vkSj xSlksa esa rki varj.k dk eq[;r% 36. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk fo|qr
(a) 273 K (b) –273 C dkj.k gS vkos'k dk lqpkyd gS\
(c) 273 C (d) –273 K
(a) pkydrk (a) dkap (b) dkxt
RRB Group-D – 08/10/2018 (Shift-II)
24. ?ku oLrq esa Å"ek pkyu dk nj ______ (b) laogu (c) rkack (d) ikuh
(c) fofdj.k RRB NTPC 30/03/2016 (Shift-II)
ij fuHkZj ugha djrhµ
(d) pkydrk vkSj fofdj.k nksuksa 37. fuEufyf•r es a lekurk dk irk yxk,¡%
(a) lkexzh dh ?kurk
RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, G.P. pk¡ n h] rk¡ c k] lks u k] ,Y;q f efu;e
(b) lkexzh ds vk;ke
(a) ;s lHkh vPNs fo|qr jks/h gSA
(c) ?k"kZ.k
(v) lqpkyd@dqpkyd@mQ"ekjks/h (b) ;s lHkh dherh /krq,¡ gSaA
(d) bysDVªkWfud foU;kl (Conductor/Non-conductor/
RRB NTPC 19/04/2016 (Shift-I) (c) ;s lHkh vPNs lqpkyd gSA
Insulator)
25. fofdj.k }kjk Å"ek dk LFkkukarj.k (d) dksbZ lekurk ugha gSA
30. Åuh diM+s 'kjhj dks tkM+s esa xeZ j•rs RRB NTPC 22/04/2016 (Shift-I)
eq[; :i ls fuHkZj jgrk gS%
gSa] D;ksafdµ 38. fdlh Bksl /krq dk Å"eh; pkydrk
(a) blds rkieku ij
(a) Åu Å"ek dk dqpkyd gS lkekU;r% c<+rs rkieku ds lkFk%
(b) fiaM dh çÑfr ij
(b) Åu Å"ek dk lqpkyd gSA (a) c<+sxkA
(c) bldh i`"B ds foLrkj ,oa çdkj ij
(d) mijksDr lHkh (c) Åu 'kjhj ds rkieku dks c<+krk gSA (b) ?kVsxkA
RRB J.E. 2014, 14/12/2014 R.P. (d) Åu 'kjhj ds rkieku dks ?kVkrk gSA (c) fLFkj jgsxkA
RRB SSE 21/12/2014, Set-08, G.P. (d) bldk ?kVuk ;k c<+uk rkieku ij
(iii) mQ"eh; izlkj (Thermal 31. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk fodYi
Expansion) fuHkZj gksxkA
m".krk dk dqpkyd (cSM daMDVj) gS\ RRB J.E. 2014, 14/12/2014, R.P.
26. uhps ,d vfHkdFku (A) vkSj ,d (a) ydM+h (b) ghjk 39. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk lewg esa
dkj.k (R) fn;k x;k gSA (c) ikuh (d) ekbdk 'kkfey lokZf/d Å"ekjks/h gS\
vfHkdFku
 (A)% yksgs dh iVfj;ksa ds RRB NTPC 18/04/2016 (Shift-I) (a) jcM+] dk¡p] IykfLVd] ,cksukbV] dikl
chp ,d NksVk lk varjky NksM+ fn;k 32. cksjksflyhdsV Xykl crZu dk ekbØksoso (b) IykfLVd] ,cksukbV] dkxt] dikl]
tkrk gSA vksou esa ç;ksx fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafdµ cSdsykbV] 'kq"d rkack gok] jcM+
dkj.k (R)% yksgk xfeZ;ksa esa iQSyrk gSA (a) ;g Hkaxqj ugha gS (c) pk¡nh] rk¡ck] lksuk] yksgk
lgh fodYi pqusaA (b) ;g vR;kf/d Å"ek çfrjks/h gS (d) cSdsykbV] 'kq"d gok] dkxt
(a) A lgh gS] ysfdu R xyr gSA (c) ;g fdlh Hkh vU; crZu ls vf/d RRB Group-D – 16/10/2018 (Shift-III)
(b) A xyr gS] ysfdu R lgh gSA rsth ls •kuk cukrk gSA 40. ______ rqyukRed :i ls Å"ek ds
(c) A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa] vkSj R] A dqpkyd gksrs gSaµ
(d) ;g ÅtkZ dq'ky gksrk gS
dh mfpr O;k[;k gSA RRB NTPC 11/04/2016 (Shift-II) (a) Pb vkSj Hg (b) Au vkSj Ag
(d) A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa ysfdu R] A 33. buesa ls dkSu fo|qr dk dkiQh vPNk (c) Cu vkSj Fe (d) Cu vkSj Al
dh mfpr O;k[;k ugha gSA pkyd gS\ RRB Group-D – 12/10/2018 (Shift-III)
RRB NTPC 16/04/2016 (Shift-II) 41. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk çfrjks/d
(a) ekbZdk (b) cSdsykbV
(iv) laogu (Convection) (c) xzsiQkbV (d) 'kq"d ok;q ,d Å"ek laosnu'khy çfrjks/d ds
RRB NTPC 17/01/2017 (Shift-III) :i esa tkuk tkrk gS\
27. ______ ra=k rjy inkFkks± dks ,d LFkku 34. fdlh oLrq (inkFkZ) esa fdldh (a) FkfeZLVj
ls nwljs LFkku ij lapj.k djrh gSA (b) f}è#oh;
mifLFkfr ds dkj.k og fo|qr dk
(a) laoguh lEcU/h
lqpkyd curk gS\ (c) VªkaftLVj
(b) raf=kdk ra=k lEcU/h
(a) iksftVªkWu (b) çksVkWu (d) la/kfj=k (dSislsVj)
(c) mRltZu lEcU/h RRB Group-D – 26/10/2018 (Shift-II)
(c) bysDVªkWu (d) U;wVªkWu
(d) 'olu lEcU/h
RRB NTPC 17/01/2017 (Shift-III) (vi) fdjpkWiQ@LVhiQu dk fu;e@U;wVu dk
RRB Group-D – 01/10/2018 (Shift-III)
28. ______ inkFkZ dh okLrfod xfr }kjk 35. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk fo|qr dk 'khryu fu;e
lqpkyd ugha gS\ (Kirchhoff's/Stefan's Law/
Å"ek LFkukUrj.k dh ,d ç.kkyh gSA Newton's Law of Cooling)
(a) laogu (daosD'ku) (a) phuh feV~Vh ds crZu
(b) pkyu (daMDV'ku) (b) ,Y;qehfu;e 42. lkSj dqdj ds vanj dk jax D;k gksrk gS\
(c) fdj.k (jsfM;s'ku) (c) VaxLVu (a) liQsn (b) uhyk
(d) ok"ihdj.k (osiksjkbts'ku) (d) fudy (c) dkyk (d) Hkwjk
RRB ALP (Stage-II) 08/01/2019 RRB NTPC 05/04/2016 (Shift-III) RRR Group-D – 24/10/2018 (Shift-III)

Science By Radhika Ma’am 401

 mG"ek@Heat You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy

(vii) voLFkk ifjorZu rFkk xqIr mQ"ek (viii) lkisf{kr vknzZrk@ok"ihdj.k 59. xehZ lh/s ______ ls lanfHkZr ugha gksrhA
(Phase Transition and Latent (Relative Humidity/Vaporiczation) (a) FkeZy ÅtkZ dk ekiu
Heat) 51. ty dk ok"ihdj.k gksrk gS& (b) v.kqvksa dh xfr
43. og rkieku D;k dgykrk gS tc ,d (a) fgekad fcUnq ij (c) fo|qr pqEcdh; rjaxksa ds ekè;e ls
Bksl oLrq ok;qeaMyh; ncko ij fi?ky (b) laxyu rkieku ij LFkkuka r j.k
dj æo cu tkrh gS\ (c) leLr rkiekuksa ij (d) inkFkZ ds FkekZsMk;ukWfed xq.k
(a) xyukad (d) DoFkukad fcUnq ij RRB NTPC 19/04/2016 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D – 25/09/2018 (Shift-I) 60. fLFkj voLFkk esa Å"ek çokg dk rkRi;Z
(b) xqIr Å"ek
52. ______ ,d lrgh ifj?kVuk gSA gksrk gSA
(c) DoFkukad fcUnq
(a) mcyuk (b) xyu (a) Å"ek çokg ux.; gks
(d) lay;u dh vO;Dr m"k.krk
(c) ok"ihdj.k (d) fgehdj.k (b) nks ckWMh ds chp rkikUrj u gks
RRB Group-D – 05/10/2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D – 05/10/2018 (Shift-III)
44. ftl rkieku ij rjy viuh rjy (c) Å"ek çokg dh nj fLFkj gks ;k Å"ek
53. feV~Vh ds crZu esa j•k ty] xfeZ;ksa
voLFkk ls Bksl voLFkk esa ifjofrZr çokg le; ij vk/kfjr u gks
esa Hkh ______ ds dkj.k BaMk jgrk gSA
gksrk gS mls dgk tkrk gSµ (d) ckWMh dk rkieku leku nj ls c<+s
(a) ok"iksRltZu (b) la?kuu RRB ALP & Tec. 29/08/18 (Shift-I)
(a) xyukad (c) DoFkukad (c) :ikarj.k (d) ok"iu 61. Å"ekxfrdh dk 'kwU;ok¡ fu;e ;g
(b) fgekad fcUnq (d) mèoZikru fcUnq RRB Group-D – 25/10/2018 (Shift-II)
RRB NTPC 07/04/2016 (Shift-I) 54. jsfÚtjsVj fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl crkrk gS fd
45. 257°C ij ty dh HkkSfrd fLFkfr (a) nks Å"ekxfrdh ç.kkfy;k¡ lnSo ,d
fl¼kar ij dke djrk gS\
D;k gS\ (a) vksLeksfll (b) dsUækilkj.k
nwljs ds lkFk Å"ek larqyu (thermal
equilibrium) esa gksrs gSaA
(a) IykTek (b) xSlh; (c) iQSyko (d) ok"ihdj.k
RRB NTPC 28/04/2016 (Shift-II) (b) ;fn nks ç.kkfy;k¡ Å"ek lary q u esa gS rks
(c) Bksl (d) rjy
RRB Group-D – 03/12/2018 (Shift-II) 55. xehZ vo'kksf"kr djus ds fy, rjy rhljh ç.kkyh Hkh Å"ek la ry
q u esa jgsxhA
46. ikuh dk DoFkukad (Boiling point) ds ok"ihdj.k ds fl¼kUr dk ç;ksx (c) ;fn nks ç.kkfy;k¡ rhljh ç.kkyh ds
______ gSµ ______ esa fd;k tkrk gSµ lkFk Å"ek larqyu esa ugha gS rks Hkh
(a) 210°F (b) 212°F (a) ekbØksoso vksou (b) jsfÚtjsVj os ,d&nwljs ds lkFk Å"ek larqyu esa
(c) 214°F (d) 208°F - (c) xhtj (d) bysfDVªd dsryh ugha gksxhA
RRB NTPC 19/04/2016 (Shift-II) RRB NTPC 31/03/2016 (d) tc nks ç.kkfy;k¡ rhljh ç.kkyh ds
47. fgehdj.k (Úhftax) rkieku ij ikuh 56. xjeh ds ekSle esa ia•k pykus ij jkgr lkFk Å"ek larqyu esa gSa rks os ,d
ds ikbi iQV tkrs gSA ,slk ______ ds vuqHko gksrk gS] D;ksafd % nwljs ds lkFk Å"ek larqyu esa gksrh
dkj.k gksrk gSA (a) ia•s dh gok ls gekjk ilhuk rsth ls RRB J.E. 2014, 14/12/2014 R.P.
(a) ,Dlisu'ku (b) dkW.VªSd'ku ok"i cudj mM+ tkrk gSA 62. fuEu esa ls dkSu lgh gS\
(c) áwehMhiQhds'ku (d) çsflfiVs'ku (b) ia•s ls gok cgus ij gekjs 'kjhj ls ty dk fof'k"V vk;ru tc 0°C ij
RRB NTPC 29/04/2016 (Shift-I) vf/d xjeh fudyrh gSA Å"ek nh tkrh gSµ
48. ikuh dk DoFkukad fcUnq (Boiling (c) ia•s ls BaMh gok çkIr gksrh gSA (a) igys c<+rk gS vkSj fiQj ?kVrk gS
point) dsfYou iSekus esa D;k gksxk\ (d) ia•s ls gok dh pkydrk c<+ tkrh gSA (b) igys ?kVrk gS vkSj fiQj c<+rk gS
RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, Y.P.
(a) 100 K (b) 273 K (c) leku:i ls c<+rk gS
57. fdlh rjy dh leku ek=kk ds fy,
(c) 373 K (d) 300K (d) leku :i ls ?kVrk gS
RRB SSE 21/12/2014, Set-08, G.P. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl çfØ;k dh xfr RRB ALP & Tec. 29/08/18 (Shift-III)
49. ml rkieku dks D;k dgrs gSa] ftl ij lcls /heh gksxh\ 63. czãkaM dh ,UVªkWih dh ço`fÙk gksrh gS%
ok;qeaMyh; nkc ij æo mcyuk 'kq: (a) DoFku (b) la ? kuu (a) U;wure (b) 'kwU;
dj nsrk gS\ (c) ok"ihdj.k (d) fgekad (c) vkSlr (d) vf/dre
RRB ALP & Tec. 14/08/18 (Shift-II) RRB J.E. 2014 14/12/2014 R.P.
(a) lay;u Å"ek
(ix) mQ"ekxfrdh (Thermodynamics) 64. ftldk rkieku fy;k tkuk gS mls Li'kZ
(b) mnklhuhdj.k Å"ek
(c) DoFkukad 58. buesa ls dkSu lk oS|qr midj.k twy ds fd, fcuk ftl midj.k ls mldk
(d) xyukad rkiu fu;e ij vk/kfjr ugha gS\ rkieku ekik tk ldrk gS og gS%
RRB Group-D – 02/11/2018 (Shift-II) (a) bysfDVªd dsryh (a) fofdj.k@vojDr ik;jksehVj
50. ikuh dk DoFkukad fcanq gS% (b) oS | q r Iyx ,oa fLop (b) Hkj.k ç.kkyh (Filled system)
(a) 100°C (b) 50°C (c) bysfDVªd vk;ju (c) ikjn okyh Xykl rkiekih
(c) 0°C (d) 10°C (d) oS|qr ifjiFk esa ç;qDr Ý;wt (d) Å"ek&fo|qr ik;jksehVj rkiekih
RRB Group-D – 28/09/2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 06/04/2021 (Shift-I) RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, G.P.

402 Science By Radhika Ma’am

You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy mG"ek@Heat

65. ,d Å"ekxfrd ç.kkyh esa] 4. (c) æo

Å"ek&lUrqyu rc çkIr fd;k tkrk gS] ANSWER KEY 12°C ij ty dh HkkSfrd voLFkk
tc nks fi.M ______ igq¡prs gSaA 1.(c) 2.(d) 3.(d) 4.(c) 5.(c) æo gksrh gSA ikuh 0°C (32°F) ij
(a) leku Å"ek ÅtkZ rd 6.(d) 7.(a) 8.(a) 9.(a) 10.(b) terk gS vkSj 100°C (212°F)
(b) leku ,UVªkWih rd 11.(c) 12.(b) 13.(d) 14.(c) 15.(a) ij mcyrk gSA 12°C, 0°C vkSj
(c) leku rkieku rd 16.(d) 17.(b) 18.(c) 19.(b) 20.(b)
100°C ds chp gS] blfy, ;g æo
(d) leku vk.kfod ÅtkZ rd
21.(b) 22.(d) 23.(c) 24.(c) 25.(c)
voLFkk esa gksrk gSA
RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, G.P. 5. (c) – 392°
26.(c) 27.(a) 28.(a) 29.(b) 30.(a)
66. ,d Å"ekxfrd ç.kkyh esa] og çfØ;k lsfYl;l ls iQkjsugkbV esa cnyus ds
31.(a) 32.(b) 33.(c) 34.(c) 35.(a)
ftlesa vk;ru LFkk;h jgrk gS og fy,] ge bl lw=k dk mi;ksx djrs gS%a
36.(d) 37.(c) 38.(b) 39.(d) 40.(a)
______ çfØ;k dgykrh gSA °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
41.(a) 42.(c) 43.(a) 44.(b) 45.(b)
(a) lenkc (b) leferh;
46.(b) 47.(a) 48.(c) 49.(c) 50.(c)
bl lw=k esa] °C lsfYl;l rkieku gS
(c) #¼ks"e (d) lensf'kd
51.(c) 52.(c) 53.(a) 54.(d) 55.(b)
vkSj °F iQkjsugkbV rkieku gSA
RRB J.E. 14/12/2014, G.P.
–200°C ds fy,]
67. m".krk (ghV) ls lacaf/r HkkSfrd 56.(a) 57.(c) 58.(d) 59.(d)
60.(c)
foKku dh 'kk•k dks D;k dgrs gSaA 61.(d) 62.(b) 63.(d) 64. (a) 65. (c) °F = (–200 × 9/5) + 32
(a) vkWfIVDl 66. (b) 67. (c) 68. (b) 69. (d) 70. (c) °F = – 360 + 32
°F = – 392°
(b) vdkWmfLVDl 71. (c)
(c) FkekZsMkbukWfeDl blfy,] &200° lsfYl;l – 392°
(d) fjysfVfoVh Answer with Explanation iQkjsugkbV ds cjkcj gksrk gSA
RRB NTPC 16/04/2016 (Shift-II) 6. (d) 32°F
1. (c) 227
68. Å"ekxfrdh ds fdl fu;e ds }kjk ikuh dk fgekad fcUnq 32°F gksrk
ciQZ ds xqPNksa esa ekStnw •kyh txgksa ds
¶ÅtkZ laj{k.k¸ ds fu;e dks tkurs gS\ gSA;g rkieku ml fcanq dks n'kkZrk gS
dkj.k bldk ?kuRo de gks tkrk gS ftl ij ikuh te tkrk gS vkSj ciQZ
(a) 'kwU;ok¡ fu;e
vkSj vk;ru c<+ tkrk gSA 0 vkSj 227
(b) çFke fu;e esa cny tkrk gSA
dsfYou ij rkieku de gks tkrk gS vkSj
(c) f}rh; fu;e ;g è;ku j•uk egRoiw.kZ gS fd ikuh
bl çdkj ?kuRo de gks tkrk gSA 277
(d) r`rh; fu;e esa v'kqf¼;ksa dh mifLFkfr fgekad
dsfYou (4°C) ij] tSl&s tSls rkieku
RRB SSE 21/12/2014, Set-08, G.P. fcUnq dks de dj ldrh gSA
c<+rk gS] xqPNs foÑr gksus yxrs gS]a ftlds
69. ______ dk ç;ksx Lopkfyr ghfVax mnkgj.k ds fy,] leqæ dk ikuh rkts
ifj.kkeLo:i ikuh dk ?kuRo lcls
midj.kksa esa rkieku dks fu;af=kr djus ikuh dh rqyuk esa de rkieku ij
vf/d gks tkrk gSA
ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA 2. (d) 98-6°F terk gS D;ksafd blesa ued gksrk gSA
(a) jsfDViQkWj (b) VªkaliQkWeZj 98-6°F rkieku 37°C ds yxHkx 7. (a) 0K rkieku –273.15°C ds
(c) foHko fu;a=kd (d) FkeksZLVsV cjkcj gksrk gSA cjkcj gksrk gSA
RRB JE 01/08/2019 (Shift-III)
;g ekuo 'kjhj dk lkekU; rkieku ;g rkieku "iw.kZ 'kwU;" (absolute
70. ^Å"ek lary q u* (Heat Budget) D;k gS\
ekuk tkrk gSA zero) ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
(a) lw;Z ls mRlftZr Å"ek vkSj i`Foh
3. (d) 32°F ;g og rkieku gS ftl ij lHkh xfr
}kjk vo'kksf"kr vkifrr Å"ek ds chp
rkieku dks iQsjugkbV Ldsy esa #d tkrh gS vkSj dksbZ Å"ek ÅtkZ
larqyu
cnyus ds fy, fuEufyf•r lw=k dk ugha jg tkrh gSA
(b) lkSj fofdj.k
mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS% 8. (a) 'kwU; ls 273°C de
(c) i`Foh }kjk vo'kksf"kr vkifrr Å"ek
TF = 9/5 × Tc + 32 ije 'kwU; rkieku –273.15°C
vkSj fofdj.k ds :i esa ckgj tkus
;gk¡] Tc fn;k x;k rkieku lsfYl;l gksrk gS] tks fd 'kwU; fMxzh lsfYl;l
okyh Å"ek ds chp larqyu esa gS vkSj TF fn;k x;k rkieku ls 273.15°C de gSA
(d) LFkyh; fofdj.k
iQsjugkbV esa gSA ;g og rkieku gS ftl ij fdlh Hkh
RRB NTPC 25/01/2021 (Shift-I)
rki eku dks lsfYl;l ls iQsjugkbV inkFkZ esa dksbZ Å"ek ÅtkZ ugha gksrh
71. Å"ekxfrdh dks dk dkSu&lk fu;e
esa cnyrs gSa% gS vkSj v.kqvksa dh xfr #d tkrh gSA
,UVªkWih ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA
(a) 'kwU;okW (b) çFke
TF = 9/5 × Tc + 32 9. (a) de rkieku
TF =32°F blfy,] mÙkj gksxk (d) Øk;ks t sfud (Cryogenic) 'kCn dk
(c) f}rh; (d) r`rh;
RRB SSE 21/12/2014, Set-07, Y.P. 32°F vFkZ ^cgqr de rkieku* gksrk gSA
Science By Radhika Ma’am 403
 mG"ek@Heat You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy
;g –150°C (–238°F) ls Hkh de 12. (b) 645k 16. (d) 351K
rkieku dks n'kkZrk gSA Øk;kstsfud 372°C dks dsfYou iSekus esa cnyus dsfYou iSekus rkieku ekius dk ,d
rkieku dk mi;ksx dbZ {ks=kksa esa fd;k ds fy,] ge fuEufyf•r lw=k dk iw.kZ iSekuk gS] tks 0 K ls 'kq: gksrk
tkrk gS] tSls fd% mi;ksx djrs gSa% gS] ftls "iw.kZ 'kwU;" (absolute
●● fpfdRlk% Øk;kstfs ud rkieku dk dsfYou ¾ lsfYl;l + 273.15ºK zero) dgk tkrk gSA lsfYl;l iSekus
mi;ksx Årdksa vkSj vaxksa dks lajf{kr blfy,] 372°C ds fy,% dks dsfYou esa cnyus ds fy,] ge
djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA dsfYou = 372 + 273.15 = 273.15 tksM+rs gSaA
●● foKku% Øk;kstsfud rkieku 645.15 K blfy,] 78°C dks dsfYou esa cnyus
dk mi;ksx fofHkUu çdkj ds xksy djus ij] gesa 645 K feyrk gSA ds fy,%
oSKkfud vuqla/kuksa esa fd;k blfy,] 372°C dsfYou iSekus esa dsfYou ¾ 78°C + 273.15 =
tkrk gS] tSls fd vfrpkydrk 351.15 K
645 K ds cjkcj gksrk gSA
(superconductivity) dk 13. (d) ,aMlZ lsfYl;l xksy djus ij] gesa 351 K feyrk gSA
vè;;uA 17. (b) fn, x, rkieku esa 273 tksM+s
lsaVhxzsM rkieku ds eki dk ;wfuV
●● m|ksx% Øk;kstsfud rkieku dk ●● lsfYl;l vkSj dsfYou iSekuksa ds
gS] tks ,aMlZ lsfYl;l uked ,d
mi;ksx •k| inkFkks± dks lajf{kr chp varj 273.15 fMxzh gSA
LohfM'k •xksy'kkL=kh ds uke ij j•k
djus] xSlksa dks rjy cukus vkSj ●● lsfYl;l rkieku dks dsfYou esa
x;k gSA
/krqvksa dks osYM djus ds fy, cnyus ds fy,] ge 273.15
mUgksaus 1742 esa lsfYl;l iSekus dk tksM+rs gSaA
fd;k tkrk gSA çLrko j•k Fkk] tks ikuh ds fgekad
10. (b) 4°C
●● mnkgj.k ds fy,] 20°C dks
(0°C) vkSj DoFkukad (100°C) ij
dsfYou esa cnyus ds fy,] ge
ikuh dk ?kuRo 4°C ij vf/dre vk/kfjr gSA 20°C + 273.15 = 293.15
gksrk gSA 14. (c) –40° K djrs gSaA
;g rkieku ml fcanq dks n'kkZrk gS ;g ,dek=k rkieku gS tgk¡ lsfYl;l 18. (c) 98-6 fMxzh F
ftl ij ikuh vius lcls ?kus :i esa vkSj iQkjsugkbV Ldsy leku iBu ●● ekuo 'kjhj dk lkekU; rkieku
gksrk gSA n'kkZrs gSaA 98-6 fMxzh iQkjsugkbV (37
blds Åij vkSj uhps] ikuh dk ?kuRo dkj.k% fMxzh lsfYl;l) ekuk tkrk gSA
de gksrk tkrk gSA ●● lsfYl;l Ldsy esa] 0°C ikuh dk 19. (b) 0°C = 273 K
dkj.k% fgekad fcanq gS vkSj 100°C ikuh 20. (b) ikLdy
ikuh ds v.kqvksa ds chp vkd"kZ.k dk DoFkukad fcanq gSA rkieku ekius ds fy, fuEufyf•r
cy 0°C ij lcls vf/d gksrk gSA ●● iQkjsugkbZV Ldsy esa] 32°F ikuh bdkb;ksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS%
tSls&tSls rkieku c<+rk gS] ;g dk fgekad fcanq gS vkSj 212°F ●● iQkjsugkbV (°F)
vkd"kZ.k cy de gksrk tkrk gSA ikuh dk DoFkukad fcanq gSA ●● lsfYl;l (°C)
ysfdu 0°C ls 4°C rd] ikuh ds tc ge –40°C dks iQkjsugkbZV esa ●● dsfYou (K)
v.kqvksa ds chp dh nwjh Hkh de gksrh cnyrs gSa% ●● ikLdy (Pa) ncko dh bdkbZ gSA
tkrh gSA –40°C = (–40 × 9/5) + 32 = 21. (b) 0°C
bl otg ls] 4°C ij ikuh dk ?kuRo & 40°F ●● ikuh 0°C ij rjy vkSj Bksl nksuksa
0°C ls vf/d gksrk gSA blfy,] –40°C vkSj –40°F nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa fo|eku gks ldrk gSA
4°C ls Åij] ikuh ds v.kqvksa ds –40° n'kkZrs gSaA ●● 0°C ikuh dk f=kxq.k fcanq
15. (a) –273K ds rkieku ij (triple point) gSA
chp dh nwjh rsth ls c<+us yxrh gS]
ftlds dkj.k ikuh dk ?kuRo de ●● 'kwU; fujis{k (absolute zero) ●● f=kxq.k fcanq og rkieku vkSj ncko
rkieku dk og fcanq gS tgk¡ gS ftl ij fdlh inkFkZ ds rhuksa
gksus yxrk gSA
fdlh Hkh inkFkZ dh vkf.od xfr voLFkk,¡ (Bksl] rjy vkSj xSl)
11. (c) 273 K
'kwU; gks tkrh gSA ,d lkFk larqyu esa gksrh gSaA
dsfYou iSekus dk ekud d{kh;
●● bl rkieku ij] inkFkZ dk Å"ek ●● ikuh ds fy,] f=kxq.k fcanq 0°C
rkieku 273 K gksrk gSA ;g rkieku
ÅtkZ Hkh 'kwU; gks tkrk gSA vkSj 0.006 atm ncko ij
0°C ds cjkcj gksrk gSA
●● lsfYl;l iSekus ij] 'kwU; fujis{k gksrk gS
d{kh; rkieku dk eryc gS fd ;g 22. (d) 273.15 K
–273°C ds cjkcj gksrk gSA
og rkieku gS tks vkerkSj ij ,d ●● dsfYou iSekus ij ikuh dk fgekad
●● dsfYou iSekus ij] 'kwU; fujis{k 0
dejs esa gksrk gSA K ds cjkcj gksrk gSA 273.15 K gSA

404 Science By Radhika Ma’am

You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy mG"ek@Heat

●● dsfYou iSekus ij rkieku ekius 28. (a) laoguh lEcU/h 34. (c) bysDVªkWu
dk iw.kZ iSekuk gS] tks 0 K ls ●● laoguh ra=k jÙkQ] ylhdk vkSj ●● fdlh oLrq (inkFkZ) esa bysDVªkWu
'kq: gksrk gS] ftls iw.kZ 'kwU; vU; rjy inkFkks± dks 'kjhj ds dh mifLFkfr ds dkj.k og fo|qr
(absolute zero) dgk tkrk gSA fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa igqapkus dk dke dk lqpkyd curk gSA
●● lsfYl;l iSekus dks dsfYou esa djrk gSA ●● bysDVªkWu fo|qr vkosf'kr d.k gksrs
cnyus ds fy,] 273.15 tksMr+ s gSAa ●● ;g ra=k jÙkQ okfgdkvksa (tSls / gSa] tks fo|qr /kjk ds çokg ds
●● blfy,] 0°C dks dsfYou esa efu;ka] f'kjk,a vkSj dsf'kdk,a) fy, vko';d gksrs gSaA
cnyus ds fy,% vkSj ylhdk okfgdkvksa ls cuk ●● tc fdlh oLrq esa eqÙkQ bysDVªkWu
dsfYou ¾ 0°C + 273.15 = gksrk gSA gksrs gSa] rks os fo|qr {ks=k esa xfr
273.15 K ●● jÙkQ 'kjhj esa vkWDlhtu] iks"kd dj ldrs gSa vkSj fo|qr /kjk dk
23. (c) 273°C rRo vkSj vU; vko';d inkFkks± fuekZ.k dj ldrs gSaA
●● ciQZ dk xyukad fcanq 0°C gksrk gSA dks igqapkrk gSA 35. (a) phuh feêðh ds crZu
●● tc ge lsfYl;l dks dsfYou ●● ylhdk 'kjhj ls vif'k"V inkFkks± ●● phuh feêðh ds crZu fo|qr dk
esa cnyrs gSa] rks ge 273.15 dks gVkus esa enn djrk gSA lqpkyd ugha gSA
tksM+rs gSaA 29. (b) laogu ●● phuh feêðh ds crZu esa eqÙkQ
24. (c) ?k"kZ.k ●● æo vkSj xSlksa esa rki varj.k dk bysDVªkWu ugha gksrs gSa] tks fo|qr
25. (c) bldh i`"B ds foLrkj ,oa çdkj eq[; dkj.k laogu gSA /kjk ds çokg ds fy, vko';d
ij
●● laogu ,d çfØ;k gS ftlesa xeZ gksrs gSaA
●● fofdj.k }kjk Å"ek dk LFkkukarj.k æo ;k xSl Åij mBrh gS vkSj ●● phuh feêðh ds crZu ,d dqpkyd
eq[; :i ls fiaM ds i`"B ds foLrkj BaMk æo ;k xSl uhps fxjrh gSA (balqysVj) gS] ftldk vFkZ gS fd
vkSj çdkj ij fuHkZj djrk gSA
●● bl çfØ;k ls æo ;k xSl ds ;g fo|qr /kjk dk çokg ugha
●● i`"B dk foLrkj% ftruk cM+k i`"B
fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa rki ÅtkZ dk djrk gSA
{ks=k gksxk] mruh gh vf/d Å"ek
LFkkukarj.k gksrk gSA 36. (d) ikuh
fofdj.k }kjk LFkkukarfjr gksxhA
30. (a) Åu Å"ek dk dqpkyd gS ●● ikuh fo|qr vkos'k dk lqpkyd gSA
i`"B dk çdkj%
●● Åuh diM+s 'kjhj dks tkM+s esa xeZ ●● ikuh esa fo|qr vkosf'kr d.k gksrs
●● dkys jax dk i`"B vf/d Å"ek
j•rs gSa D;ksafd Åu Å"ek dk gSa] tSls fd vk;u] tks fo|qr
vo'kksf"kr vkSj fofdfjr djrk gSA
dqpkyd gksrk gSA èkkjk ds çokg ds fy, vko';d
●● pedhys jax dk i`"B de Å"ek
31. (a) ydM+h gksrs gSaA
vo'kksf"kr vkSj fofdfjr djrk gSA
26. (c) A vkSj R nksuksa lgh gSa] vkSj R,
●● ydM+h m".krk dk dqpkyd (cSM ●● ikuh esa ?kqys gq, yo.k Hkh fo|qr
A dh mfpr O;k[;k gSA
daMDVj) gSA bldk eryc gS fd vkos'k dk lapkyu djrs gSaA
ydM+h ls m".krk dk çokg cgqr 37. (c) lHkh pkjksa /krqvksa esa fuEufyf•r
yksgs dh iVfj;ksa ds chp varjky
/hek gksrk gSA lekurk,a gSa%
NksM+us dk dkj.k ;g gS fd yksgk
●● ydM+h esa eqÙkQ bysDVªkWu ugha gksrs 1- vPNs fo|qr pkyd% pkanh]
xfeZ;ksa esa iQSyrk gSA
gSa] tks m".krk ds çokg ds fy, rkack] lksuk vkSj ,Y;qfefu;e lHkh
27. (a) laoguh lEcU/h
vko';d gksrs gSaA vPNs fo|qr pkyd gSaA bldk eryc
●● laoguh ra=k jÙkQ] ylhdk vkSj
vU; rjy inkFkks± dks 'kjhj ds ● ● ydM+h esa gok ds NksVs&NksVs fNæ gS fd os fctyh dks vklkuh ls
fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa igqapkus dk dke gksrs gSa] tks m".krk dks jksdus esa çokfgr djrs gSaA
djrk gSA enn djrs gSaA 2- mPp xyukad% bu /krqvksa dk
●● ;g ra=k jÙkQ okfgdkvksa (tSls / 32. (b) ;g vR;f/d Å"ek çfrjks/h gS xyukad (fi?kyus dk rkieku) cgqr
efu;ka] f'kjk,a vkSj dsf'kdk,a) 33. (c) xzsiQkbV vf/d gksrk gSA
vkSj ylhdk okfgdkvksa ls cuk ●● xzsiQkbV fo|qr dk dkiQh vPNk 3- ueuh;rk% ;s /krq,a ueuh; gksrh
gksrk gSA pkyd gSA gSa] ;kuh mUgsa iryh 'khVksa esa <kyk tk
●● jÙkQ 'kjhj esa vkWDlhtu] iks"kd ● ● xzsiQkbV esa eqÙkQ bysDVªkWu gksrs gSa] ldrk gSA
rRo vkSj vU; vko';d inkFkks± tks fo|qr /kjk ds çokg ds fy, 4- pkydrk% ;s /krq,a Å"ek dk Hkh
dks igqapkrk gSA vko';d gksrs gSaA vPNk lapkyu djrh gSaA
●● ylhdk 'kjhj ls vif'k"V inkFkks± ● ● xzsiQkbV dk mi;ksx isafly cukus 5- ped% bu /krqvksa esa pednkj
dks gVkus esa enn djrk gSA esa Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA lrg gksrh gSA
Science By Radhika Ma’am 405
 mG"ek@Heat You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy
38. (b) ?kVsxkA 42. (c) dkyk 49. (c) DoFkukad
●● vf/dka'k Bksl /krqvksa esa] c<+rs ●● lkSj dqdj ds vanj dk jax dkyk ●● DoFkukad og rkieku gS ftl ij
rkieku ds lkFk Å"eh; pkydrk gksrk gS D;ksafd dkyk jax Å"ek ok;qeaMyh; nkc ij æo mcyuk
?kVrh gSA dks vo'kksf"kr djus esa lcls 'kq: dj nsrk gSA
●● ,slk blfy, gksrk gS D;ksafd vPNk gksrk gSA ●● bl rkieku ij] æo dk ok"i
rkieku c<+us ij] /krq ds ●● tc lkSj dqdj ds vanj dk jax nkc ok;qeaMyh; nkc ds cjkcj
ijek.kqvksa dh xfr c<+ tkrh gSA dkyk gksrk gS] rks ;g lw;Z ds gks tkrk gSA
●● ;g xfr ijek.kqvksa ds chp çdk'k ls Å"ek dks vo'kksf"kr ●● æo ds d.k xfrt ÅtkZ çkIr
Vdjkoksa dh la[;k dks c<+krh djrk gS vkSj bl Å"ek dk mi;ksx djrs gSa vkSj rjy voLFkk ls
gS] tks Å"ek ds çokg esa ck/k Hkkstu dks idkus ds fy, djrk gSA xSlh; voLFkk esa cny tkrs gSaA
Mkyrh gSA 43. (a) xyukad 50. (c) 373 K
●● dqN viokn Hkh gSa] tSls fd ●● xyukad og rkieku gS ftl ij ●● ikuh dk DoFkukad fcUnq lsfYl;l
rkack vkSj lksuk] ftudh Å"eh; ok;qeaMyh; ncko ij ,d Bksl iSekus esa 100°C gksrk gSA
pkydrk rkieku c<+us ds lkFk inkFkZ fi?kydj æo cu tkrk gSA ●● lsfYl;l vkSj dsfYou iSekus ds
FkksM+h c<+ tkrh gSA ●● nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ;g og rkieku gS chp 100°C dk varj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k% ftl ij Bksl vkSj æo voLFkk,a ●● 100°C (lsfYl;l) ¾ 373 K
rkacs dh Å"eh; pkydrk 20 fMxzh ,d nwljs ds lkeatL; esa jgrh gSaA (dsfYou)
lsfYl;l ij 401 W/mK gS] 44. (b) fgekad fcUnq 51. (c) leLr rkiekuksa ij
ysfdu 100 fMxzh lsfYl;l ij ;g ●● fgekad fcUnq og rkieku gS ftl ●● ty dk ok"ihdj.k ,d ,slh
385 W/mK ?kV tkrh gS- ij ok;qeaMyh; ncko ij ,d çfØ;k gS ftlesa ty rjy voLFkk
LVhy dh Å"eh; pkydrk 20 fMxzh rjy inkFkZ Bksl cu tkrk gSA ls xSlh; voLFkk (tyok"i) esa
lsfYl;l ij 54 W/mK gS] ysfdu ●● nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ;g og rkieku gS cny tkrk gSA
100 fMxzh lsfYl;l ij ;g 48 ftl ij rjy vkSj Bksl voLFkk,a ●● ;g çfØ;k lHkh rkiekuksa ij gksrh
W/mK ?kV tkrh gS- ,d nwljs ds lkeatL; esa jgrh gSaA gS] ysfdu rkieku c<+us ds lkFk
39. (d) cSdsykbV] 'kq"d gok] dkxt 45. (b) xSlh; ok"ihdj.k dh nj Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA
●● Å"ekjks/h inkFkZ os inkFkZ gksrs ●● ty dk DoFkukad 100°C gSA ●● fgekad fcanq (0°C) ij] ty dk
gSa tks Å"ek dks vPNh rjg ls ●● 100°C ls Åij ds rkieku ij] ok"ihdj.k èkheh xfr ls gksrk gS]
lapkfyr ugha djrs gSaA ty xSlh; voLFkk esa gksrk gSA ysfdu ;g iwjh rjg ls can ugha
●● Å"ekjks/h inkFkks± dk mi;ksx ●● 257°C, 100°C ls dkiQh gksrk gSA
Å"ek ds uqdlku dks jksdus ds vf/d gS] blfy, ty 257°C ●● laxyu fcanq (0°C) ij] ty Bksl
fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ij xSlh; voLFkk esa gksxkA voLFkk (ciQZ) ls rjy voLFkk
40. (a) Pb vkSj Hg 46. (b) 212°F (ikuh) esa cny tkrk gS] blfy,
●● Pb (lhlk) vkSj Hg (ikjk)] Cu ikuh dk DoFkukad ok;qeaMyh; ncko ok"ihdj.k dh ckr ugha gksrh gSA
(rkack) vkSj Al (,Y;qfefu;e) ij 100°C gksrk gSA ●● DoFkukad fcanq (100°C) ij]
dh rqyuk esa Å"ek ds csgrj 100°C 212°F ds cjkcj gksrk gSA ty dk ok"ihdj.k rsth ls gksrk
dqpkyd gSaA 47. (a) ,Dlisu'ku gS vkSj ;g mcyus yxrk gSA
●● bldk eryc gS fd Pb vkSj ●● ikuh tc terk gS] rks mldk 52. (c) ok"ihdj.k
Hg, Cu vkSj Al dh rqyuk vk;ru c<+rk gSA ●● ok"ihdj.k ,d lrgh ifj?kVuk gSA
esa Å"ek dks vf/d rsth ls ●● ;g o`f¼] ikbi ij ncko Mkyrh ●● ;g ,d ,slh çfØ;k gS ftlesa
LFkkukarfjr djrs gSaA gS vkSj mUgsa iQksM+ ldrh gSA æo dh lrg ij ekStwn v.kq
41. (a) FkfeZLVj ●● bl ?kVuk dks ,Dlisa'ku ;k xfrt ÅtkZ çkIr djrs gSa vkSj
●● FkfeZLVj ,d Å"ek laosnu'khy foLrkj dgk tkrk gSA rjy voLFkk ls xSlh; voLFkk esa
çfrjks/d gSA 48. (c) 373 K cny tkrs gSaA
●● bldk eryc gS fd FkfeZLVj dk ●● ikuh dk DoFkukad fcUnq lsfYl;l ●● ;g çfØ;k dsoy æo dh lrg
çfrjks/ rkieku ds lkFk cnyrk gSA iSekus esa 100°C gksrk gSA ij gh gksrh gS] u fd æo ds vanjA
●● rkieku c<+us ij FkfeZLVj dk ●● lsfYl;l vkSj dsfYou iSekus ds 53. (a) ok"iksRltZu
çfrjks/ de gksrk gS vkSj rkieku chp 100°C dk varj gksrk gSA ●● feêðh ds crZu esa j•k ty xfeZ;ksa
?kVus ij FkfeZLVj dk çfrjks/ ●● 100°C (lsfYl;l) ¾ 373 K esa Hkh BaMk jgrk gS] bldk eq[;
c<+rk gSA (dsfYou) dkj.k ok"iksRltZu gSA
406 Science By Radhika Ma’am
You Tube Rankers’ xq#oqQy mG"ek@Heat

●● ok"iksRltZu ,d ,slh çfØ;k gS 57. (c) ok"ihdj.k ●● Å"ekxfrdh dk 'kwU;ok¡ fu;e

ftlesa æo dh lrg ij ekStwn ●● ok"ihdj.k dh xfr dbZ dkjdksa Å"ek larqyu dh vo/kj.kk ij
v.kq xfrt ÅtkZ çkIr djrs ij fuHkZj djrh gS] tSls rkieku] vk/kfjr gSA
gSa vkSj rjy voLFkk ls xSlh; vkæZrk] gok dh xfr] vkSj lrg ●● Å"ek larqyu dk vFkZ gS fd nks
voLFkk esa cny tkrs gSaA dk {ks=kiQyA ç.kkfy;ksa ds chp dksbZ rkieku
54. (d) ok"ihdj.k ●● lkekU; rkieku vkSj ncko ij] varj ugha gksrk gSA
●● jsfÚtjsVj ok"ihdj.k ds fl¼kar ok"ihdj.k dh xfr lcls /heh ●● Å"ekxfrdh dk 'kwU;ok¡ fu;e
ij dke djrk gSA gksrh gSA dgrk gS fd ;fn nks ç.kkfy;k¡]
●● jsfÚtjsVj esa ,d daMsulj vkSj ●● DoFku] la?kuu vkSj fgekad lHkh A vkSj B] rhljh ç.kkyh] C]
,d ok"ihdj.k dqaMy gksrk gSA çfØ;k,a gSa tks ok"ihdj.k dh ds lkFk Å"ek larqyu esa gSa] rks
●● daMsulj esa] ,d mPp nkc okyk rqyuk esa rsth ls gksrh gSaA A vkSj B ,d nwljs ds lkFk Hkh
xSl (tSls fd ÚhvkWu) rjy 58. (d) oS|qr ifjiFk esa ç;qÙkQ Ý;wt Å"ek larqyu esa gksaxsA
voLFkk esa cny tkrk gSA ●● twy dk rkiu fu;e crkrk gS 62. (b) igys ?kVrk gS vkSj fiQj c<+rk gS
●● ok"ihdj.k dqaMy esa] rjy fd fdlh pkyd ls xqtjus ●● ikuh dk ?kuRo 4°C ij vf/
ÚhvkWu de nkc ij ok"i cu okyh /kjk ds dkj.k pkyd esa dre gksrk gS] blfy, ikuh dk
tkrk gSA mRiUu Å"ek dh ek=kk /kjk ds fof'k"V vk;ru 4°C ij U;wure
●● bl çfØ;k esa] ÚhvkWu vklikl oxZ] pkyd ds çfrjks/ vkSj /kjk gksrk gSA
ls Å"ek vo'kksf"kr djrk gS] çokg ds le; ds xq.kuiQy ds ●● tc ikuh dks 0°C ij xeZ fd;k
ftlds dkj.k jsfÚtjsVj ds vanj lekuqikrh gksrh gSA tkrk gS] rks ikuh dk ?kuRo c<+rk
dk rkieku de gks tkrk gSA ●● bysfDVªd dsryh] oS|qr Iyx ,oa gS vkSj blds ifj.kkeLo:i ikuh
55. (b) jsfÚtjsVj fLop] vkSj bysfDVªd vk;ju dk fof'k"V vk;ru de gksrk gS
●● jsfÚtjsVj esa ok"ihdj.k ds lHkh twy ds rkiu fu;e ij vkSj U;wure rd igqap tkrk gSA
fl¼kar dk ç;ksx djds xehZ vk/kfjr gSaA ●● blds ckn ikuh dk fof'k"V
vo'kksf"kr dh tkrh gSA ●● oS|rq ifjiFk esa ç;qÙkQ Ý;wt twy ds vk;ru rkieku ds 4°C ls
●● jsfÚtjsVj esa ,d daMsulj vkSj rkiu fu;e ij vk/kfjr ugha gSA vf/d gks tkus ij c<+rk gSA
,d ok"ihdj.k dqaMy gksrk gSA 59. (d) inkFkZ ds FkekZsMk;ukWfed xq.k 63. (d) vf/dre
●● daMsulj esa] ,d mPp nkc okyk ●● xehZ FkeZy ÅtkZ dk çokg gS] tks Å"ekxfrdh ds nwljs fu;e ds
xSl (tSls fd ÚhvkWu) rjy ,d Å"ekxfrd xq.k ugha gSA vuqlkj] ,d i`Fkd fudk; dh ,UVªkWih
voLFkk esa cny tkrk gSA ●● FkeZy ÅtkZ ,d ÅtkZ dk :i gS (Entropy) le; ds lkFk vf/dre
●● ok"ihdj.k dqaMy esa] rjy tks fdlh inkFkZ ds v.kqvksa dh gksus dh ço`fÙk j•rh gSA nwljs 'kCnksa
ÚhvkWu de nkc ij ok"i cu xfr vkSj daiu ls mRiUu gksrh gSA esa] czãkaM ,d can ç.kkyh ds :i esa
tkrk gSA ●● FkekZsMk;ukfed xq.k os xq.k gSa tks O;ogkj djrk gS] vkSj dqy feykdj]
●● bl çfØ;k esa] ÚhvkWu vklikl fdlh inkFkZ dh voLFkk vkSj czãkaM esa vO;oLFkk (disorder)
ls Å"ek vo'kksf"kr djrk gS] lajpuk dk o.kZu djrs gSa] tSls c<+us dh vksj >qdko gksrk gSA
ftlds dkj.k jsfÚtjsVj ds vanj rkieku] ncko] vkSj vk;ruA 64. (a) fofdj.k@vojÙkQ ik;jksehVj
dk rkieku de gks tkrk gSA 60. (c) Å"ek çokg dh nj fLFkj gks ;k fofdj.k@vojÙkQ ik;jksehVj ,d ,slk
56. (a) ia•s dh gok ls gekjk ilhuk rsth Å"ek çokg le; ij vkèkkfjr u gks midj.k gS tks fdlh oLrq ds rkieku
ls ok"i cudj mM+ tkrk gSA ●● fLFkj voLFkk dk vFkZ gS fd dks mldh lrg ls fudyus okys
●● xjeh ds ekSle esa ia•k pykus ij le; ds lkFk dksbZ ifjorZu ugha vojÙkQ fofdj.k dks ekidj Kkr
jkgr vuqHko gksus dk eq[; dkj.k gksrk gSA djrk gSA
ok"ihdj.k gSA ●● Å"ek çokg dk vFkZ gS Å"ek ;g midj.k oLrq dks Li'kZ fd,
●● tc ge ia•k pykrs gSa] rks gok ÅtkZ dk ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku fcuk rkieku ekius dh lqfo/k çnku
gekjs 'kjhj ij cgrh gSA ij LFkkukarj.kA djrk gS] tks dbZ fLFkfr;ksa esa mi;ksxh
●● bl gok ds dkj.k] gekjs 'kjhj ●● Å"ek çokg dh nj dk vFkZ gS gksrk gS] tSls%
ls fudyus okyk ilhuk rsth ls çfr bdkbZ le; esa Å"ek ÅtkZ ●● xeZ oLrqvksa dk rkieku ekiuk
ok"i cudj mM+ tkrk gSA dh ek=kk tks LFkkukarfjr gksrh gSA ●● pyrh oLrqvksa dk rkieku ekiuk
●● ok"ihdj.k ,d Å"ek&'kks"kh 61. (d) tc nks ç.kkfy;k¡ rhljh ç.kkyh ds ●● nwj dh oLrqvksa dk rkieku ekiuk
çfØ;k gS] ;kuh ok"ihdj.k ds lkFk Å"ek lary q u esa gSa rks os ,d ●● laosnu'khy oLrqvksa dk rkieku
nkSjku Å"ek vo'kksf"kr gksrh gSA nwljs ds lkFk Å"ek lary q u esa gksrh gSAa ekiuk
Science By Radhika Ma’am 407
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65. (c) leku rkieku rd igqapuk gksxk ç.kkfy;ksa ds O;ogkj dks le>us ●● ;g i`Foh }kjk vo'kksf"kr Å"ek
●● Å"ekxfrdh ds nwljs fu;e ds vkSj mudk o.kZu djus ds fy, vkSj fofdj.k ds :i esa ckgj
vuqlkj] ,d can ç.kkyh esa] fl¼karksa vkSj fu;eksa dk mi;ksx tkus okyh Å"ek ds chp larqyu
Å"ek ÅtkZ ges'kk mPp rkieku djrh gSA dks n'kkZrk gSA
okys fiaM ls de rkieku okys 68. (b) çFke fu;e ●● ;fn i`Foh }kjk vo'kksf"kr Å"ek]
fiaM esa çokfgr gksrh gSA Å"ekxfrdh dk çFke fu;e ÅtkZ fofdj.k ds :i esa ckgj tkus
●● tc nks fiaMksa dk rkieku leku laj{k.k ds fu;e dks n'kkZrk gSA ;g
okyh Å"ek ls vf/d gksrh gS]
gks tkrk gS] rks Å"ek ÅtkZ dk fu;e dgrk gS fd ÅtkZ u rks cukbZ
çokg #d tkrk gS vkSj Å"ek rks i`Foh dk rkieku c<+ tk,xkA
tk ldrh gS vkSj u gh u"V dh tk
lUrqyu çkIr gksrk gSA ldrh gS] dsoy ,d :i ls nwljs ●● ;fn fofdj.k ds :i esa ckgj tkus
66. (b) leferh; :i esa ifjofrZr dh tk ldrh gSA okyh Å"ek] i`Foh }kjk vo'kksf"kr
leferh; çfØ;k ,d Å"ekxfrd 69. (d) FkekZsLVsV Å"ek ls vf/d gksrh gS] rks i`Foh
çfØ;k gS ftlesa ç.kkyh dk vk;ru ●● FkekZsLVsV ,d midj.k gS tks dk rkieku ?kV tk,xkA
fLFkj ugha jgrk gS] cfYd ;g Lopkfyr :i ls rkieku dks ●● Å"ek larqyu i`Foh ds rkieku
cnyrk jgrk gSA bl çfØ;k esa] fu;af=kr djrk gSA dks fLFkj j•us esa egRoiw.kZ
ç.kkyh vkSj ifjos'k ds chp Å"ek ●● ;g ,d fuf'pr rkieku eku Hkwfedk fuHkkrk gSA
dk vknku&çnku gksrk gS] ftlls (setpoint) dks cuk, j•us ds 71. (c) f}rh;
ç.kkyh dh vkarfjd ÅtkZ cnyrh fy, ghfVax midj.kksa dks pkyw ●● Å"ekxfrdh dk f}rh; fu;e
jgrh gSA bl çdkj dh çfØ;k dk vkSj can djrk gSA
dgrk gS fd ,d can ç.kkyh dh
mi;ksx fofHkUu vuqç;ksxksa esa fd;k ●● FkekZsLVsV fofHkUu çdkj ds gksrs gSa]
,UVªkWih le; ds lkFk vf/dre
tkrk gS] tSls fd m"ek va'k mRiknu ftuesa ;kaf=kd] bysDVªkWfud vkSj
vkSj batuksa esaA fMftVy FkekZsLVsV 'kkfey gSaA gksus dh ço`fÙk j•rh gSA
67. (c) FkekZsMkbukWfeDl 70. (c) i`Foh }kjk vo'kksf"kr vkifrr Å"ek ●● nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ,d can ç.kkyh esa
●● FkekZsMkbukWfeDl Å"ek] ÅtkZ vkSj vkSj fofdj.k ds :i esa ckgj tkus ÅtkZ dk çokg ges'kk O;ofLFkr
dk;Z ds chp lacaèkksa dk vè;;u okyh Å"ek ds chp lary q u ls vO;ofLFkr dh vksj gksrk gSA
djrh gSA ;g HkkSfrd foKku dh ●● Å"ek larqyu i`Foh ds Å"ek ●● ,UVªkWih ÅtkZ ds iQSyko vkSj
,d 'kk•k gS tks Å"ekxfrd çokg dk ,d egRoiw.kZ igyw gSA ç.kkyh dh vO;oLFkk dk eki gSA

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408 Science By Radhika Ma’am