PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE & VARIATION

DPP PRACTICE SHEET-4

1. Which statement is correct about polygenic 4. Predict from the following chart :-
inheritance :-

(1) One character is controlled by many genes

(2) Characters controlled by cytogenes

(3) Two pair of allelic genes are essential in

dominant form to produce a particular character
(1) Character is dominant and carried by X
(4) Gene which inhibit the expression of another
chromosome
non allelic gene
(2) Character is carried by Y chromosome
2. Which are related to incomplete dominance
(3) Character is sex linked recessive
(i) Flower colour in Mirabilis jalapa
(4) Character is autosomal recessive
(ii) Coat colour in cattle
5. Which statement is incorrect :-
(iii) ABO blood group
(1) Pleotropic gene has multiple phenotype
(iv) Flower colour in snapdragon
(2) 9 : 7 ratio is produced due to co-dominance
(v) Coat colour in mice
(3) Two identical alleles known as homozygous
(1) i, ii
(4) Incomplete dominance is present in
(2) i, iii
Antirrhinum majus
(3) i, iv
6. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s.
(4) ii, iii
(a) In 1902, De Vries, Correns and Tschermark
3. Given below are two statements : One is independently rediscovered mendel's result on
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is inheritance.
labelled as Reason (R).
(b) By 1902, the chromosome movement during
Assertion (A) : Female heterogamety is found in meiosis had been worked out by Sutton and
birds. Boveri.

Reason (R) : Two different types of gametes in (c) Two Alleles of a gene pair are located on
terms of the sex chromosomes, are produced by different loci of homologus chromosomes.
female birds.
(d) Chromosome segregate at the time of gamete
Choose the correct answer options given below: formation which occurs in pairs in an
individual.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). Choose the correct answer

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (1) (a) and (c) only

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (2) (a) only

(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the (3) (c) only
correct explanation of (A)
(4) (a), (c) and (d) only
Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta
7. Shape of seed depends on starch granules 11. Given below are two statements; one is
size, so inheritance of seed shape show ......... labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
relationship while inheritance of starch grains labelled as Reason(R).
show ........... .
Assertion (A) : In human, we don't just have tall
(1) Dominant recessive, codominance or short people as two distinct alternatives but a
whole range of possible heights.
(2) Incomplete dominance, codominance
Reason (R) : Human skin colour is a classic
(3) Dominant - recessive, incomplete dominance example of pleiotropic gene.
(4) Codominance, incomplete dominance In the light of the above statements, choose the
8. Identify A and B, in the given diagrammatic correct answer from the options given below :
representation of genetic disorder. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).

12. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s.

(1) A = Tall stature with feminised character
(a) Colour blindness is a sex-linked dominant
B = Turner’s Syndrome disorder.
(2) A = Turner’s Syndrome (b) Colour blindness occurs in about 0.4 per cent
B = Klinefelter Syndrome of males and 8 per cent of females.

(3) A = Klinefelter Syndrome (c) Male are in heterozygous condition for

haemophilia and colour blindness.
B = Turner’s Syndrome
(d) Colour blindness is due to absence of some
(4) Both (1) and (3) specific proteins which forms cones.
9. If two pea plants having red (dominant) Choose correct answer from option given below
coloured flowers with unknown genotypes are
crossed, 75% of the flowers are red and 25% are (1) only (a)
white. The genotypic constitution of the parents (2) (a), (b) and (c) only
having red coloured flowers will be:
(3) (a) and (b) only
(1) Both homozygous
(4) only (d)
(2) One homozygous and other heterozygous
13. 'Mendel work remain unrecognised till 1900'.
(3) Both heterozygous Which statement is not correct regarding above
(4) Both hemizygous statement :-

10. Experimental verification of chromosomal (1) Communication was not easy

theory of inheritance was proposed by :- (2) Mendel did not provide any physical proof of
(1) Tschermak factor

(2) de Vries (3) Factors which did not blend with each other,
was not accepted by his contemporaries
(3) Sutton
(4) Mendel's approach of using mathematics was
(4) Morgan totally new and unacceptable
Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta
14. Which type of genetic disorder is related to 18. A pedigree is shown below for a disease that
chromosomal disorder :- is autosomal dominant. The genetic make up of
the first generation is :-
(1) Haemophilia

(2) Cystic fibrosis

(3) Phenylketonuria

(4) Down's syndrome

15. Following symbol shows :-

(1) AA, Aa

(2) Aa, aa
(1) Affected individual
(3) Aa, AA
(2) Mating between non relative
(4) Aa, Aa
(3) Mating between relative
19. A normal girl, whose mother is haemophilic
(4) Parents with male child marries a male with no ancestral history of
16. Given below are two statements : haemophilia. What will be the possible
phenotypes of the offsprings ?
Statement-I : Every gene, as you know by now,
contains the information to express a particular (a) Haemophilic son and haemophilic daughter.
trait. (b) Haemophilic son and carrier daughter.
Statement-II : In a diploid organism, there are (c) Normal daughter and normal son.
two copies of each gene i.e. as a pair of alleles.
Now these two alleles always be identical, as in (d) Normal son and haemophilic daughter.
heterozygote.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the
In the light of the above statements, choose the options given below :
correct answer from the options given below:
(1) (a) and (b) only
(1) Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
(2) (b) and (c) only
(2) Statement I is correct but statement II is
(3) (a) and (d) only
incorrect.
(4) (b) and (d) only
(3) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is
correct. 20. Given below are two statements :

(4) Both statement I and statement II are correct. Statement-I : According to Sutton and Boveri the
important things to remember are that
17. Based on observation on monohybrid crosses
chromosomes as well as genes occur in pairs.
Mendel draw some conclusion. Which of the
following is not correct :- Statement-II : The two alleles of a gene pair are
located on homologous sites on homologous
(1) Characters are controlled by discrete units chromosomes.
called factors
(1) Both statement I and statement II are incorrect
(2) Factors occur in pairs
(2) Statement I is correct but statement II is
(3) In a similar pair of factors one member of the incorrect.
pair dominates the other
(3) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is
(4) The postulate of dominance also explains the correct.
proportion of 3 : 1 obtained at the F2
(4) Both statement I and statement II are correct.
Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta
21. Given below are two statements: 24. Given below are two statements; one is
labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is
Statement I: Mendel studied seven pairs of
labelled as Reason(R).
contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the
Laws of Inheritance Assertion (A) : Unmodified Allele, which
represents the original phenotype is the
Statement II: Seven characters examined by
dominant allele.
Mendel in his experiment on pea plants were
seed shape and colour, flower colour, pod shape Reason (R) : A dominant allele could modified
and colour, flower position and stem height into recessive allele by only crossing over.

In the light of the above statements, choose the In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct answer from the options given below :- correct answer from the options given in below
:
(1) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(2) Statement I is correct but Statement II is
correct explanation of (A).
incorrect
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(3) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is
correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.

(4) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
22. Identify the set of correct statement/s.
25. Read the following statements and identify
(a) Today genetic maps are extensively used as a
the set of correct statement :
starting point in genome sequencing in HGP.
(a) Mutation is a phenomenon which results in
(b) In Morgan's experiment's, wild type allele
change in genotype and phenotype of an
and mutant type allele are represented with (+)
organism.
and (–) sign in superscript, respectively.
(b) Chromosomal aberrations are commonly
(c) Strength of linkage between Y and W is
observed in cancer cells.
higher than W and M.
(c) There are many chemical and physical factors
(d) Pleiotropy in most cases is the effect of a
referred as mutagens.
gene on metabolism pathways.
(d) Analysis of traits in a several of generations
Choose the correct answer from the option given
of a family is called the pedigree analysis.
below :
(e) Deletions and insertions of base pairs of
(1) (a), (b) and (d) only
DNA causes point mutation.
(2) (b), (c), (d) only
Choose the correct answer from the options
(3) (a) and (d) only given below :

(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only. (1) (a), (b), (c), (d) only

23. In case of incomplete dominance the F2 (2) (a), (b), (c) only
phenotypic ratio in the monohybrid cross will
(3) All are incorrect
be:-
(4) All are correct
(1) 1 : 2 : 1

(2) 3 : 1 : 1

(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1

(4) 2 : 3 : 1

Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta

 Very Short Answer Type Question
1. Name one autosomal dominant and one autosomal recessive Mendelian disorder in humans.

2. A human being suffering from Down’s syndrome show trisomy of 21st chromosome. Mention the
cause of this chromosomal abnormality.

3. State Mendel's law of segregation..

4. Define homozygous and heterozygous with examples.

5. Explain the inheritance of ABO blood groups in humans.

6. The pedigree chart given below shows a particular trait which is absent in parents but present in next
generation irrespective of sexes. Draw your conclusion on the basis of following pedigree:

7. Write the possible genotypes Mendel got when be crossed F1 tall pea plants with dwarf pea plants.

8. Why in a test cross, did Mendel cross a tall pea plant with a dwarf pea plant only.

9. The male Fruitfly and female Fowl are heterogametic while the female Fruitfly and the male Fowl are
homogametic. Why are they called so?

10. Explain the concept of polygenic inheritance with an example.

Short Answer Type Question

1. Explain Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment with an example. Use a dihybrid cross involving
two traits to illustrate the concept.

2. (i) Why are Grass hopper and Drosophila said to show male heterogamety? Explain.

(ii) Explain female heterogematy with the help of an example.

3. Differentiate between incomplete dominance and co-dominance with suitable examples.

4. Observe the figures and answer the questions .

(a) Identify and explain the syndromes A and B .

(b) What are the chromosomes numbers in A and B?

Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta

5. A tall Pea plant with yellow seeds (heterozygous for both) is crossed with a dwarf Pea plant with
green seeds. Using a Punnet square work out the cross to show the phenotypes and the genotypes of F1
generation.

6. Describe the chromosomal theory of inheritance.Outline the key points of the theory proposed by
Sutton and Boveri, linking chromosomes to Mendelian factors.

7. (a) Sickle cell anaemia in humans is a result of point mutation. Explain.

(b) Write the genotypes of both the parents who have produced a sickle celled anaemic offspring.

8. Explain the significance of pedigree analysis in human genetics. Discuss how pedigree charts are used
to track the inheritance of traits and identify patterns of inheritance.

9. (a) Explain how does trisomy of 21st chromosome occur in humans.

(b) List any four characteristic features in an individual suffering from it.

10. Explain the sex determination mechanism in humans. How is it different in birds.

Long Answer Type Question

1. (a) Describe Mendel's monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, including the experimental setup, observed
traits, and the laws of inheritance

(b) Discuss the significance of his findings in understanding the inheritance of traits and the concept
of dominant and recessive alleles.

2. (a) Four children with four different blood groups are born to parents where the mother has blood
group ‘A’ and the father has blood group ‘B’. Work out the cross to show the genotypes of the parents
and all four children

(b) Explain the contribution of Alfred Sturtevant in chromosome mapping.

3. (a) Explain the genetic basis of sickle cell anemia.

(b) Discuss the mutation in the HBB gene that causes sickle cell anemia, leading to abnormal
hemoglobin.

(c) Explain how the sickle-shaped red blood cells cause various symptoms, demonstrating pleiotropy,
where one gene affects multiple traits

4. Haemophilia is a sex linked recessive disorder of humans. The pedigree chart given below shows the
inheritance of haemophilia in one family. Study the pattern of inheritance and answer the questions
given.

(a) Give all the possible genotypes of the members 4, 5 and 6 in the pedigree chart.

(b) A blood test shows that the individual 14 is a carrier of haemophilia. The member numbered 15 has
recently married the member numbered 14. What is the probability that their first child will be a
haemophilic male?

Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta

5. What is linkage? Describe an experiment that demonstrates the phenomenon of linkage and explain
how it affects the inheritance of traits.

ANSWER KEY
1-1 11 - 2 21 - 4
2-3 12 - 2 22 - 3
3-4 13 - 2 23 - 1
4-3 14 - 4 24 - 2
5-2 15 - 3 25 - 1
6-1 16 - 2
7-3 17 - 3
8-4 18 - 2
9–3 19 - 2
10 - 4 20 - 4

Ekta Soni Ekta soni official (ESarmy) sony_ekta