CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

Rationale

The academic performance of students plays a crucial role in shaping their future

opportunities. However, various external factors can influence their academic success, and

one such factor is financial problems. Many students face financial difficulties that limit

access to resources and disrupt their focus on academics. Financial problems have been

linked to lower academic performance due to reduced access to essential educational

materials and opportunities (Norazlan, Yusuf, & Al-Majdhoub, 2020). Despite these known

challenges, there is limited research exploring how financial issues specifically the effect on

the academic performance of Grade 11 students, particularly in schools like LMNHS.

Existing studies have explored financial difficulties in relation to education, but few

have targeted this age group or focused on the socioeconomic conditions in our locality. This

gap in research leaves schools and policymakers without the insights needed to develop

effective strategies to support students facing financial problems.

By analyzing the relationship between financial difficulties and academic

performance, this study aims to contribute valuable data that could inform interventions,

policies, and support systems for students struggling financially. Ultimately, understanding

these challenges will allow educators to create more supportive learning environments that

help students reach their academic potential despite financial obstacles.

This research will focus on determining whether there is a significant relationship

between financial problems and the academic performance of Grade 11 students at LMNHS

during the academic year 2024-2025.

Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework

This study on the Impact of Financial Problems on the Academic Performance of

Grade 11 Students at LMNHS applied the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model to illustrate its

conceptual framework. The input stage covers the demographic profile of the respondents,

including variables such as sex, age, academic strand, socioeconomic status, parent

educational attainment, and parent occupation, along with the types of financial problems

they face, such as challenges in affording school materials, transportation costs, and basic

needs.

Understanding these inputs is essential for comprehending the background of the

respondents and the financial challenges they encounter. The process stage involves

employing a survey questionnaire designed to collect data on the respondents' profiles and the

financial issues they face, which will be analyzed using descriptive statistics to summarize

demographic profiles and correlation analysis to explore the relationship between financial

difficulties and academic performance.

Finally, the output stage represents the findings regarding how financial problems

impact students' academic performance, providing insights into the significance of this

relationship and informing educational stakeholders about the broader implications of

financial issues on student success.

 Input Process Output
 Demographic  Survey  Impact of

profile of Grade questionnaires financial

11 students at are distributed problems on the

LMNHS. to grade 11 academic

 Type of students. performance.

financial  Counting and  Insights whether

problems recording of there is a

encountered by data through significant

students tallying. relationship

 How do  Analyzing and between

financial interpretation academic

problems affect of data. performance and

the academic financial

performance of problem.

students?

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem
Many students face serious financial concerns that negatively impact their academic

performance, including the inability to afford essential educational resources, unexpected

expenses, and inadequate family income. These financial hardships hinder access to

necessary materials like textbooks and study guides, which can impair academic

performance. Transportation costs also contribute significantly, leading to potential

absenteeism.

Academic performance, measured by grades, test scores, and classroom participation,

is crucial for future educational and career opportunities. However, the high cost of education

means that insufficient financial support can hinder students' academic success (Dang and

Bulus, 2015). Research by Norazlan, Yusuf, and Al-Majdhoub (2020) highlights that most

students struggle to make ends meet as they come from underprivileged families. Issues like

delayed financial aid and poor financial management further impact academic achievements.

Students relying on loans or family income often struggle to balance work and education,

resulting in increased stress and less study time.

This study aims to explore the impact of financial problems on the academic

performance of Grade 11 students at LMNHS using quantitative research methods.

Specifically, it will examine the types of financial issues faced by students and how these

difficulties influence their academic success. By identifying these factors, the study seeks to

provide insights that could lead to improved support mechanisms for students dealing with

financial hardships.
Hypothesis of the Study

There is no significant negative relationship between the academic performance of

Grade 11 students and financial problem on Grade 11 students at LMNHS.

Assumptions of the Study

1. The researchers assumed that students at LMNHS face various financial challenges

that may impact their academic performance, including funds for educational

materials, transportation, and basic needs.

2. The researchers assumed that socioeconomic status, including parental educational

attainment and occupation, significantly influences students financial situations and

consequently, their academic performance

3. The researchers assumed that the responses collected through the survey accurately

represent the experiences and perspectives of the students regarding their financial

situations and academic performance.

4. The researchers assumed that there is a causal relationship between financial

problems and academic performance, where financial difficulties lead to decreased

academic achievement among students.

5. The researchers assumed that the data collected through quantitative methods, such as

survey questionnaires and statistical analysis, provide reliable insights into the

relationship between financial challenges and academic outcomes among Grade 11

students.
Significance of the Study

This study will provide valuable insights into the ways financial challenges can

influence the academic performance of senior high school students at Luciano Millan

National High School

Students. They will gain insights into how financial problems may affect their

academic performance, helping them seek appropriate support or resources.

Teachers. This study will guide teachers in understanding the impact of financial

problems on students' academic performance. With these insights, teachers will be better

equipped to advise and support students facing financial challenges, helping them manage

their academic and personal struggles more effectively.

Researcher. This study offers valuable experience in research and data analysis. It

helps in learning about the impact of financial problems on students and develops skills for

future academic and career success.

Future Researcher. The outcome of this study can be used as a guide or research

reference to future researchers who would conduct the same study.

This study aims to investigate the impact of financial problems on the academic performance

of Grade 11 students at Luciano Millan National High School for the academic year 2024-

2025.
Scope and Limitations

The researcher limited this research to the types of financial problems faced by

students and their academic performance, excluding factors such as mental health.

The study does not cover the influence of these excluded factors on academic performance.

The objectives are to understand how financial difficulties influence academic

performance and to explore the relationship between these variables. This study is limited to

LMNHS and focuses exclusively on Grade 11 students. Data will be collected through survey

questionnaires, and the study will be limited to the specific academic year mentioned.

This section provides the operational definitions of key terms used in the study to

ensure clarity and consistency in understanding the concepts related to financial problems and

academic performance.

1. Academic Performance – It refers on how students perform in their studies, and

measurable outcomes that represent students’ success in their educational

activities.

2. Financial Problem – It refers to difficulties’ students face due to insufficient

financial resources, impacting their ability to meet academic-related needs.

3. Grade 11 Students – It refers to individual currently enrolled in the 11 th grade at

Luciano Millan National High School for the academic year 2024-2025.

4. Impact – It refers on how financial problems affect the academic performance of

grade 11 students at LMNHS, specifically how various financial challenges may

lead to changes in their educational outcomes.

5. Luciano Millan National High School (LMNHS) – It refers to the public high

school in Asingan, Pangasinan, where the study is conducted, focusing on Grade

11 students
6. Socioeconomic Status (SES) – It refers to the social class of the students,

determined by factors such as family income, parent occupation, and educational

level.
 CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study utilizes a correlational research design to examine the relationship between

financial problems and the academic performance of Grade 11 students at LMNHS. A

correlational design is appropriate because it allows the researchers to explore the degree of

association between the two variables. By analyzing existing conditions specifically, students

financial situations and their academic performance, this design will help determine whether

there is a significant relationship between financial challenges and students academic

performance. The findings will provide insights into how financial difficulties may affect

educational success, making this design suitable for addressing the research objectives.

Moreover, this method is efficient for collecting quantitative data through surveys, making it

feasible given the time constraints and available resources for the study.

Sources of Data

The data for this study will be collected from Grade 11 students at LMNHS. A survey

questionnaire will be given to the students, asking about their financial problems (like

difficulties in paying for school materials or daily expenses) and their academic performance

(such as how well they feel they are doing in school). The survey will also gather some basic

information, like the students' age, gender, and family background, which will help provide

more details for the analysis. This data will be used to understand if there is a connection

between financial problems and how students perform in school.

Instrumentation and Data Collection

Data will be collected using a survey questionnaire. The survey will ask students

about their financial problems and how they feel about their academic performance. It will

also include basic questions like their age, gender, and family background.

The survey will be given to the students either in class or online, depending on what is

easier. Students will answer the questions privately, and their responses will be kept

anonymous. The data will then be used to see if there is a link between financial problems

and how well they are doing in school.

Ethical Considerations

In this study, several ethical considerations will be taken into account to ensure the

well-being of participants. First, informed consent will be obtained from all students before

they participate in the survey. They will be informed about the purpose of the study, how

their data will be used, and that their participation is voluntary

To protect their privacy, all responses will be anonymous, and no personal identifying

information will be collected. Students will also have the right to withdraw from the study at

any time without any consequences. Finally, the data collected will be stored securely and

used only for research purposes, ensuring that the participants’ confidentiality is maintained.